MILAN ITALIA NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy

NASA Surface meteorology and Solar
Energy - Available Tables

Latitude 45.465 / Longitude 9.187 was chosen.
Elevation: 746 meters
taken from the
NASA GEOS-4
model elevation
Geometry Information
Northern boundary
46
Western boundary
9
Center
Latitude 45.5
Longitude 9.5
Eastern boundary
10
Southern boundary
45
Parameters for Solar Cooking:

Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Lon 9.187
22-year Average
1.59 2.54 3.77 4.38 5.27 6.03 6.20 5.27 3.84 2.40 1.59 1.28
Parameter Definition
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface
(kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average
2.37 3.65 5.32 6.98 8.17 8.31 7.64 6.56 5.26 3.81 2.58 1.99
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Days (days)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average
4
Parameters for Sizing and Pointing of Solar Panels and for Solar Thermal
Applications:
Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
22-year Average 1.59 2.54 3.77 4.38 5.27 6.03 6.20 5.27 3.84 2.40 1.59 1.28
3.68
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Insolation (%)

Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Minimum
-33
-23
-23
-43
-29
-18 -18
-20
-16
-36
-23
-22
Maximum
28
23
30
42
18
16
17
24
27
25
36
16
Monthly Averaged Diffuse Radiation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
22-year Average
0.90 1.26 1.78 1.87 2.47 2.57 2.47 2.20 1.77 1.19 0.90 0.76
1.68
Minimum
1.07 1.41 2.10 2.17 2.41 2.56 2.61 2.28 1.95 1.39 1.06 0.95
1.83
Maximum
0.69 1.05 1.62 n/a 2.36 2.64 2.55 2.27 1.68 n/a 0.76 0.64
n/a
22-year Average
K
0.47 0.52 0.53 0.47 0.48 0.51 0.55 0.53 0.49 0.43 0.42 0.44
0.49
Minimum K
0.32 0.39 0.41 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.45 0.42 0.41 0.27 0.32 0.34
0.36
Maximum K
0.60 0.64 0.69 0.67 0.56 0.60 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.54 0.53 0.60
0.61
NOTE:
Diffuse radiation, direct normal radiation and tilted surface radiation are not
calculated when the clearness index (K) is below 0.3 or above 0.8.
Monthly Averaged Direct Normal Radiation (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 2.34 3.39 4.17 4.45 4.58 5.54 6.03 5.22 4.01 2.94 2.18 1.92
Annual
Average
3.90
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Direct Normal

Radiation (%)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Minimum
n/a
-58
-58
-87
-52
-31 -33
-36
-39
-88
-75
-90
Maximum
95
62
64
n/a
36
25
27
50
n/a
78
112
NOTE:
25
Solar Geometry:
Monthly Averaged Solar Noon (GMT time)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Jan
Average
1134 1138 1133 1124 1120 1123 1130 1128 1119 1110 1108 1116
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Monthly Averaged Daylight Hours (hours)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Jan
Average
9.16 10.4 11.9 13.5 14.8 15.6 15.2 14.1 12.5 11.0 9.56 8.80
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Monthly Averaged Declination (degrees)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Jan
Average
-20.7 -12.3 -1.81 9.70 18.8 23.0 21.2 13.7 3.09 -8.44 -18.1 -22.8
Feb
Mar
Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep Oct
Nov
Dec
Monthly Averaged Maximum Solar Angle Relative To The Horizon (degrees)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Average
23.7 32.1 42.7 54.2 63.3 67.6 65.7 58.3 47.6 36.0 26.3 21.6
Parameters for Tilted Solar Panels:
Monthly Averaged Radiation Incident On An Equator-Pointed Tilted Surface
(kWh/m2/day)
Lat
45.465
Jan
Lon 9.187
Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Annual
Average
SSE HRZ
1.59 2.54 3.77 4.38 5.27 6.03 6.20 5.27 3.84 2.40 1.59 1.28
3.68
0.47 0.52 0.53 0.47 0.48 0.51 0.55 0.53 0.49 0.43 0.42 0.44
0.49
Diffuse
0.90 1.26 1.78 1.87 2.47 2.57 2.47 2.20 1.77 1.19 0.90 0.76
1.68
Direct
2.34 3.39 4.17 4.45 4.58 5.54 6.03 5.22 4.01 2.94 2.18 1.92
3.90
Tilt 0
1.59 2.49 3.73 4.36 5.22 6.06 6.22 5.24 3.78 2.33 1.58 1.23
3.66
Tilt 30
2.38 3.41 4.51 4.72 5.21 5.76 6.02 5.48 4.36 3.03 2.28 1.87
4.09
Tilt 45
2.61 3.62 4.58 4.56 4.84 5.25 5.53 5.21 4.35 3.16 2.47 2.05
4.02
Tilt 60
2.71 3.64 4.42 4.18 4.26 4.52 4.79 4.69 4.12 3.14 2.53 2.13
3.76
Tilt 90
2.47 3.13 3.48 2.94 2.77 2.83 3.01 3.15 3.11 2.62 2.26 1.96
2.81
OPT
2.71 3.65 4.58 4.72 5.34 6.09 6.28 5.52 4.38 3.17 2.53 2.14
4.26
OPT ANG 62.0 54.0 42.0 27.0 15.0 7.00 10.0 22.0 36.0 50.0 60.0 63.0
37.2
NOTE:
Minimum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
SSE MIN
1.07 1.95 2.92 2.48 3.73 4.92 5.11 4.22 3.21 1.54 1.23 1.00
2.78
0.32 0.39 0.41 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.45 0.42 0.41 0.27 0.32 0.34
0.36
Diffuse
0.69 1.05 1.62 n/a 2.36 2.64 2.55 2.27 1.68 n/a 0.76 0.64
n/a
Direct
n/a 1.40 1.71 0.54 2.16 3.77 4.04 3.31 2.44 0.35 0.53 0.18
n/a
Tilt 0
n/a 1.91 2.89 n/a 3.69 4.94 5.13 4.20 3.16 n/a 1.22 0.96
n/a
Tilt 30
n/a 2.54 3.37 n/a 3.64 4.72 4.95 4.32 3.57 n/a 1.68 1.39
n/a
Tilt 45
n/a 2.68 3.38 n/a 3.40 4.30 4.56 4.09 3.54 n/a 1.79 1.51
n/a
Tilt 60
n/a 2.68 3.24 n/a 3.03 3.74 3.98 3.69 3.34 n/a 1.82 1.55
n/a
Tilt 90
n/a 2.29 2.54 n/a 2.05 2.45 2.59 2.54 2.52 n/a 1.61 1.41
n/a
OPT
n/a 2.70 3.39 n/a 3.75 4.96 5.17 4.36 3.58 n/a 1.82 1.55
n/a
OPT ANG
n/a 53.0 39.0 n/a 12.0 7.00 9.00 20.0 34.0 n/a 57.0 61.0
n/a
NOTE:
Maximum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
SSE MAX
2.02 3.13 4.90 6.23 6.20 6.97 7.22 6.18 4.78 3.04 1.99 1.74
4.54
0.60 0.64 0.69 0.67 0.56 0.60 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.54 0.53 0.60
0.61
Diffuse
1.07 1.41 2.10 2.17 2.41 2.56 2.61 2.28 1.95 1.39 1.06 0.95
1.83
Direct
4.57 5.51 6.87 n/a 6.28 6.94 7.55 6.67 6.02 n/a 3.89 4.09
n/a
Tilt 0
2.03 3.07 4.85 n/a 6.14 7.00 7.24 6.15 4.70 n/a 1.98 1.68
n/a
Tilt 30
3.17 4.31 5.97 n/a 6.16 6.66 7.02 6.48 5.53 n/a 2.94 2.66
n/a
Tilt 45
3.50 4.61 6.09 n/a 5.72 6.06 6.45 6.16 5.54 n/a 3.21 2.96
n/a
Tilt 60
3.65 4.67 5.90 n/a 5.01 5.18 5.57 5.54 5.27 n/a 3.31 3.10
n/a
Tilt 90
3.36 4.04 4.66 n/a 3.18 3.17 3.46 3.69 3.97 n/a 2.98 2.87
n/a
OPT
3.66 4.68 6.09 n/a 6.31 7.04 7.32 6.51 5.57 n/a 3.31 3.11
n/a
OPT ANG
64.0 56.0 43.0 n/a 15.0 7.00 10.0 23.0 38.0 n/a 61.0 65.0
n/a
NOTE:
Parameters for Sizing Battery or other Energy-storage Systems:
Minimum Available Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Min/1 day
3.77 10.2 9.81 5.93 7.02 8.12 8.54 9.48 4.68 4.16 3.77 3.12
Min/3 day
18.8 11.8 13.9 18.1 20.4 31.5 32.6 24.5 22.2 6.38 11.3 13.5
Min/7 day
35.5 39.4 32.6 28.2 45.3 53.1 55.7 51.6 41.4 8.75 20.1 40.2
Min/14 day
51.5 56.9 57.5 48.4 55.1 70.2 68.7 75.1 66.4 37.9 46.6 60.6
Min/21 day
63.3 72.2 68.3 52.3 62.9 76.5 75.8 73.4 71.1 48.0 61.7 63.7
Min/Month
67.2 76.7 77.4 56.6 70.7 81.5 82.4 80.0 83.5 64.1 77.3 78.1
Parameters for Sizing Surplus-product Storage Systems:
Available Surplus Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
Jan
Max/1 day
192 178
171
180
170
154 146
151
172 202
208
170
Max/3 day
180 172
169
174
166
147 141
149
160 197
192
164
Max/7 day
167 154
158
159
155
141 129
146
154 173
176
155
Max/14 day
149 144
145
152
144
131 126
129
139 156
149
145
Feb Mar Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max/21 day
138 129
141
148
137
122 125
125
130 145
141
142
Max/Month
128 123
130
142
118
116 116
117
124 127
125
136
Cloud Information:
Monthly Averaged Daylight Cloud Amount (%)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 54.2 55.2 56.9 66.2 65.8 59.3 49.6 49.8 54.3 59.2 60.1 56.9
Annual
Average
57.3
Meteorology (Temperature):
Monthly Averaged Air Temperature At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (C)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
22-year
Average
-1.79 -0.28 4.01 7.81 13.3 17.1 19.7 19.4 14.9 9.88 3.35 -0.42
8.99
Minimum
-4.87 -3.74 0.00 3.50 8.49 11.7 14.1 14.5 10.8 6.66 0.71 -3.00
4.96
Maximum
1.84 3.89 8.83 12.3 18.3 22.3 25.3 24.7 19.5 13.5 6.35 2.59
13.3
Meteorology (Wind):
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (m/s)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
10-year Average 4.01 3.97 3.86 3.79 3.20 3.16 3.09 3.23 3.33 3.59 3.72 3.99
3.57
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m

(%)
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
Minimum
-14 -13 -11
-14
-17
-9 -14 -11
-8
-9
-7
-17
-12
Maximum
16
13
15
12
13
12
16
17
10
12
It is recommended that users of these wind All height measurements are from the soil,
data review the SSE Methodology. The
water, or ice/snow surface instead of
user may wish to correct for biases as well "effective" surface, which is usually taken
as local effects within the selected grid

region.
to be near the tops of vegetated canopies.
Units Conversion Chart
Difference Between The Average Wind Speed At 10 m Above The Surface Of The
Earth And The Average Wind speed At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (%)
Vegetation type Crop: 20-m broadleaf-deciduous trees (10%) & wheat
Lat 45.465
Annual
Lon 9.187
Average
10-year
Average
-35 -38 -31
-43
-43
-43 -43 -43
-43 -41 -39
-37
-40
Meteorology (Other):
Monthly Averaged Relative Humidity (%)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 76.9 71.4 65.5 64.1 60.0 56.3 54.1 57.9 62.2 72.8 77.9 77.3
Annual
Average
66.3
Monthly Averaged Atmospheric Pressure (kPa)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 93.2 93.1 93.0 92.7 92.9 93.0 93.1 93.1 93.1 93.2 93.0 93.2
Annual
Average
93.1
Monthly Averaged Precipitation (mm/day)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 2.50 2.39 2.25 3.51 3.46 3.59 2.93 3.24 3.57 3.73 3.61 2.68
Annual
Average
3.12
Supporting Information:
Monthly Averaged Top-of-atmosphere Insolation (kWh/m2/day)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 3.34 4.88 7.05 9.27 10.9 11.6 11.2 9.82 7.79 5.56 3.73 2.89
Annual
Average
7.34
Monthly Averaged Surface Albedo (0 to 1.0)
Lat 45.465
Lon 9.187
22-year Average 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.20
Annual
Average
0.18
Back to SSE
Data Set
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Data: Paul W. Stackhouse,
Jr., Ph.D.
Officials
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Archive: John M. Kusterer
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Document generated on Sat Oct 18 17:29:09 EDT
2014

MILAN ITALIA NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy

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NASA Surface meteorology and Solar

Energy - Available Tables

Parameters for Solar Cooking:

Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Insolation (%)

Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Direct Normal

Apr May Jun

Aug Sep Oct

Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Feb Mar Apr May

Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m

-14 -13 -11

as local effects within the selected grid

to be near the tops of vegetated canopies.

Units Conversion Chart

-35 -38 -31

-43 -43 -43

-43 -41 -39

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