CONDITIONALS

INGLS IX

FIRST CONDITIONAL
Form

If + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example: I will send her an invitation if I find her address.
Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.
Example: If I dont see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that
time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic so
we think it is likely to happen.
Example: If I find her address, Ill send her an invitation.
I want to send an invitation to a friend. I just have to find her address. I am quite sure, however, that I will find it.
Example: If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari.
I know John very well and I know that he earns a lot of money and that he loves Ferraris. So I think it is very likely that sooner
or later he will have the money to buy a Ferrari.

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If + Simple Past, would + Infinitive

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example: I would send her an invitation if I found her address.
Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.
Example: If I had a lot of money, I wouldnt stay here.
Were instead of Was
In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use were even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it .
Example: If I were you, I would not do this.
Use

Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the present situation were different. I
don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just imagine what would happen if
Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
I would like to send an invitation to a friend. I have looked everywhere for her address, but I cannot find it. So now I think it is
rather unlikely that I will eventually find her address.
Example: If John had the money, he would buy a Ferrari.
I know John very well and I know that he doesn't have much money, but he loves Ferraris. He would like to own a Ferrari (in
his dreams). But I think it is very unlikely that he will have the money to buy one in the near future.
THIRD CONDITIONAL

If + Past Perfect, would + Present Perfect

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example: I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.
Example: If I hadnt studied, I wouldnt have passed my exams.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have happened in the past if a certain condition
had been fulfilled. Things were different then, however. We just imagine, what would have happened if the situation had been
fulfilled.
Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Sometime in the past, I wanted to send an invitation to a friend. I didn't find her address, however. So in the end I didn't send
her an invitation.
Example: If John had had the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.
I knew John very well and I know that he never had much money, but he loved Ferraris. He would have loved to own a Ferrari,
but he never had the money to buy one.

EXERCISES
Complete the sentences with the First Conditional
send

1. If you (send)
2. If I (do)

do

3. If I (find)

this letter now, she (receive)

this test, I (improve)

find

your ring, I (give)

w ill improve
w ill give

w ill receive

it tomorrow.

my English.
it back to you.

4. Peggy (go)

w ill go

shopping if she (have)

haves

5. Simon (go)

w ill go

to London next week if he (get)

time in the afternoon.

gets

a cheap flight.

doesnt phones

6. If her boyfriend (phone / not)

dont study

7. If they (study / not)

rains

8. If it (rain)

w ont be able

w ont have to

10. Susan (can / move / not)

w ont can move

the exam.

water the plants.

w atch

to sleep if you (watch)

him.

w ont pass

harder, they (pass / not)

tomorrow, I (have to / not)

9. You (be able/ not)

w ill leave

today, she (leave)

this scary film.

doesnt is

into the new house if it (be / not)

ready on time.

Complete the sentences with the Second Conditional

1. If we (have)

had

a yacht, we (sail)

2. If he (have)

had

more time, he (learn)

3. If they (tell)

told

their father, he (be)

w ould spend

4. She (spend)
lived

5. If I (live)

w ould buy

7. My brother (buy)
felt

8. If I (feel)

w ent

9. If you (go)

10. She (not / talk)

very angry.
w as

knew

around naked all day.

how.

w ould go

had

the money.

to the cinema with you.

by bike more often, you (be / not)

w ouldnt talk

easier to get a green card.

w ould run

a sports car if he (have)

better, I (go)

karate.

w ould is

on a lonely island, I (run)

you if we (know)

the seven seas.

w ould learn

a year in the USA if it (be)

w ould help

6. We (help)

w ould sail

w as

to you if she (be)

w ouldnt are

mad at you.

Complete the Conditional Sentences. Decide whether to use Type I, II or III.

go

1. If I had time, I
2. If you

shopping with you.

speak

English, you will get along with them perfectly.

3. If they had gone for a walk, they

4. If she

comes

7. If they

9. If I

w ill meet

don't do

10. If my father

saw

opened

invited

8. My friend

the lights off.

to see us, we will go to the zoo.

5. I would have told you, if I

6. Would you mind if I

w ould have turned

him.
the window?
me, I wouldn't have said no.
me at the station if he gets the afternoon off.

it, nobody would do it.

doesn't pick

me up, I'll take the bus home.

so flabby.

Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type I, II or III) by putting the verbs into the correct form.
1. If they (have)

have

time at the weekend, they will come to see us.

2. If we sneak out quietly, nobody (notice)

3. If we (know)
4. If I (be)

knew

w as

5. We (arrive)

w ill notice

about your problem, we would have helped you.

you, I would not buy that dress.

w ould have arrived

earlier if we had not missed the bus.

6. If I didn't have a mobile phone, my life (not / be)

7. Okay, I (get)
8. If I (tell)
9. She (go)

get

told
w ould go

w ont am

complete.

the popcorn if you buy the drinks.

you a secret, you would be sure to leak it.
out with you if you had only asked her.

10. I would not have read your diary if you (not hide)

dont hid

it in such an obvious place.