PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF

BEAM
FOR BEAM




= 12

( =10 to 12)


Longest Span=5325 mm
d = 443.75 mm
Assuming effective cover = 25 mm


Overall depth of beam(D)=(443.75+ + 25)



mm
=476.75 mm, take 500 mm

Now,
Width of beam (b) = D x





= 500x

= 333.33 mm
Take b = 350 mm
Check if b 200






= 0.7 > 0.667 (ok)

Provide size of beam = 350mm500mm

CALCULATION OF BEAM

Design Value:


 = 205 kN-m


 = 246 kN-m
 = 163 kN

Grade of concrete=M20
Grade of steel=Fe500

Section properties:Size of beam=350500



Effective depth of beam(d)=500-25-

=454.5mm
(25 mm clear cover , 8 stirrups, 25mm
main bar)

Design for +ve moment at start of the

beam: =246 kN-m
Mlim = 0.134fckbd

(G=1.1, p.96, IS456:2000)

=0.13420350454.5
=193.193289 N-mm
=193.19 kN-m
Since,
 >Mlim ,hence doubly reinforced is required

Area of top bar

B. M = 0.87 f% A &d
193.19 10

() *+,
(-. /

SP16 page 13, Cl 2.3.2

= 0.87 500

500 A
A 454.5
!
20 350

Solving, we get, 123 = 1210.24 mm

The remaining moment has to be resisted by a
couple consisting compression steel and
corresponding to the tensile steel.
56
5

7 .

7 7.

=0.1

Now,
 -Mlim=(fsc-fcc)Asc(d-d)

Where, fsc=412,
fcc=0.446fck=8.92

(G=1.2, p.96, IS456:2000)

from SP 16 table

Now,
(246-193.19)106=(412-8.92)Asc(454.5-45.5)

Asc= 316.89mm2

Now,
Corresponding tensile steel,
(fsc-fcc)Asc = 0.87fy Ast2

(G=1.2, p.96, IS456:2000)

(412-8.92)316.89= 0.87500 Ast2

Ast2 = 300.11 mm2
Now,
Ast=Ast1+ Ast2=1210.24+300.11=1510.35 mm2
Asc=316.89 mm2

Design for ve moment at start of the

beam: =205 kN-m
Since,
 >Mlim ,hence doubly reinforced is required
For,

Area of bottom bar

B. M = 0.87 f% A &d
193.19 10

() *+,
(-. /

= 0.87 500

500 A
A 454.5
!
20 350

Solving, we get, 123 = 1205.59 mm

The remaining moment has to be resisted by a

couple consisting compression steel and
corresponding to the tensile steel.
56
5

7 .

7 7.

=0.1

Now,
 -Mlim=(fsc-fcc)Asc(d-d)

(G=1.2, p.96, IS456:2000)

Where, fsc=412,
fcc=0.446fck=8.92

(from SP 16 table F)

Now,
(205-193.19)106=(412-8.92)Asc(454.5-45.5)

Asc=71.62 mm

Now,
Corresponding tensile steel,
(fsc-fcc)Asc = 0.87fy Ast2

(G=1.2, p.96, IS456:2000)

(412-8.92)71.62= 0.87500 Ast2

Ast2 = 67.83 mm2
Now,
2

Ast=Ast1+ Ast2=1205.59+67.83=1273.42 mm
Asc=71.62 mm2

Check:
Min reinforcement, Ast(min) =0.85

bd
fy

(26.5.1.1, p.46, IS456:2000)

=0.85 350500* 500

=270.43
mm2<1273.42 mm2 (OK)
Max reinforcement, Ast(max)=0.04bD
26.5.1.2, p.47, IS456:2000)

=0.04*350*500
=7000>1273.42 mm2 (OK)
Use 3-25 2-16 with area (1874.745) in
tension
And 3-25 with area (1472.622) in
compression

Curtailment of Bars

(26.2.3, p.44,

Simplified rule for curtailment of bars in

continuous beam according to Art. 3.12.10.2 of
BS 8110-1985 is adopted. These rule applied to
continuous beam of nearly equal spans which
are designed for predominantly uniformly
distributed load. First 40% of steel bars at
support is curtailed at 0.25l from the centre of
the support and 70% of steel at mid span is
curtailed at 0.15l.

Development length of reinforcement

Development length for 25 mm bars
Ld =

0.87 fy
4 bd

Ld =

0.87 500 25
= 1416.02mm
4 1.2 1.6

(Q bd = 1.6 1.2)

(26.2.1, p.42, IS456:2000)

,ForDeformed bar it is increased by60%

Ld = 1.3 1 + Lo
V

Lo

= 16 =16 25 = 400

f% A
M8 = 0.87 f% A 9d
=
f:; b
= 0.87 500

500 1874.745
!
1874.745 454.5
20 350

=261.445 kN-m

> = 163 @A

261.445 10 6
Ld = 1.3
+ 400
3

163 10

B5 = 2605.15 > B5 DEFGHI5J5K

= 1416.02

Hence, safe in development length.

Check for shear reinforcement

Maximum shear occur at face of the support
Factored shear force = 163 KN
LH =

Nominal shear stress

L
% of steel =
=

STU

N5

M

N5

8P8QR

P Q7 7.

=1.025 N/mm2

100

8VW7.W7

*100

P Q7 7.

=1.179%
fck

= 20

Shear strength for M20 concrete,

c = 0.656 N/mm2 < v

( table 19, p.73) IS

c,max = 2.8 N/mm2

( table 20, p.73) IS 456:2000)

c,max > v> c

Hence Shear reinforcement must be designed

for shear value
(v-c)*b*d
Design Shear stress us= v- c=1.025-0.656=0.37
2
N/mm
Design Shear force Vus=
us*b*d=0.37*350*454.5= 58857.75 N
Provide two legged stirrup of 8 mm bar
The shear that has to be contributed by the
vertical stirrup
>2 = 0.87 XY 123
58857.75=0.87500D2

]V^
7

7 7.
_

[ = 337.69 mm

Since , [ < > 0.75 d or 300 or 337.69

whichever is less

(26.5.1.5, p.47) IS 456:2000)

Hence adopt [ = 300 mm

Provide 2-legged stirrup of 8 mm stirrups
throughout the beam.

Check for Deflection

bc = efgh
Z

(Cl.23-2.1, p.37, IS456:2000)

e = 26 (for continuous)
= 1,

(cl.23.2.1(a),p37,IS 456:2000)

(IS: 456-2000, (cl.23.2.1 (e), p.38, Fig 6.p39)

For g
% of steel = (

STU 8QQ
N5

K =D

8VW7.W7 8QQ
P Q7 7.

K = 1.178%

123 DFJaIFJ5K
X2 = 0.58 XY
123 D EFGHI5J5K
1510.35
= 0.58 500
1874.745

X2 = 223.63 Mpa

Since X2 = 223.63 and % of steel = 1.178%, we

get
g =1.05

(IS: 456-2000, (cl.23.2.1 (d), p.37, Fig 5.p-39)

Modification Factors for compression

reinforcement
STi 8QQ

% of compression steel=(
D

87W.8QQ
P Q7 7.

K = 0.93%

N5

K =

for 0.93 % compression reinforcement = 1.24

f =1 , (since span<10m)

(cl.23.2.1(b),p.37,IS 456-2000)

bc efgh
Z

bc 261.05111.24 = 33.852
Z
P

7 7.

33.852

11.78 33.852,

Safe in Deflection

Check for Stability

Maximum spacing for vertical stirrups at
support
jM,lm_ = 0.25 Z = 0.25 454.5
= 113.63 n/n

Therefore, provide 2-legged 8 mm vertical

stirrup @ 100 mm c/c upto 2d (i.e. 2
454.5=909 mm) from the vertical face of
support.