TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

DIVISION 02: SITE WORK

02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION

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PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1

DESCRIPTION
A.

The work specified in this section specifies the requirements for excavating,
sheeting, and shoring required to construct pipe ramming and receiving shafts.

B.

Related work specified elsewhere:

C.

1.

Section 02431, Cellular Grout Backfill.

2.

Section 02446, Pilot Tube Guidance.

3.

Section 02447, Casing Installed by Pipe Ramming.

4.

Section 02448, Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring for Pipe

Ramming.

5.

Section 14000, Steel Casing.

Definitions:
1.

1.2

Refer to Section 02447.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
A.

Design shafts to accommodate selected means and methods for performing the Work and
construction of permanent structures as shown on the Plans.

B.

Design shafts to conform to right-of-way limitations as shown on the Plans.

C.

Design temporary shoring system to provide a minimum factor of safety of 2.0 against
sliding and 1.5 against bottom heave.

D.

Design temporary shoring system to incorporate pipe ramming method as specified in

Section 02447 and pilot tube installation as specified in Section 02446.

E.

Construct the shaft in-the-wet without the use of dewatering or sump pumping to control
groundwater inflow or lower the groundwater level.

F.

Construct the shaft using water-tight construction methods that limit water inflow from all
sources to less than 5 gallons per minute.

G.

Create and implement a plan for field verification of the shaft design that at a minimum
measures and records settlement, bottom heave, groundwater elevation, and shaft member
deflections weekly.

H.

Design and construct jacking shafts that incorporate the maximum allowable jacking force
of the pipe jacking system.

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Comment [DCC1]: 02155 ground improvement

not included. Ground improvement should be
required to reduce inflows if inflows exceed
minimum allowed in F below
GI ADDED TO RELATED WORK TITLES
CHANGED ACCORDINGLY AND SORTED
NUMERICALLY

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 02: SITE WORK
02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION

1.3

1.4

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I.

Utilize excavation support systems compatible with the geologic conditions identified in the
Geotechnical Data Report.

J.

Shoring, except for the top 5.0 feet and internal bracing members, is to remain in-place
following construction.

SUBMITTALS
A.

General: Submit in accordance with Section 01300.

B.

Submit name and qualifications of individual designing excavation support system.

C.

Submit signed and stamped drawings and calculations for the excavation support systems
and for the shaft penetrations.

D.

Submit dimensional site plan at each shaft location indicating utilities, structures, and public
facilities that are to be protected in place.

E.

Submit dimensioned site plan at each shaft indicating the location, excavation dimensions,
site grading, and site development details for the excavation and work areas, and the
proposed limits of disturbance. Include details of types, amounts, and positioning of
materials and equipment required at each location. Show overhead and subsurface utilities
and other conflicts.

F.

Submit dimensioned and scaled working drawings showing excavation support systems
relative to the permanent facilities. Include foundation details for all permanent structures.

G.

Submit shaft monitoring information as specified herein on the same date as taken followed
by the Contractors interpretation by noon the following work day.

H.

Submit drawings showing sequence for backfilling shaft and removing shoring.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
A.

Legal Standards
1.

B.

American Society for Testing and Materials:

1.

C.

29 CFR Part 1926 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Regulations and Standards for Underground Construction

ASTM A36 Specification for Structural Steel

Qualifications:
1.

Engineer: Excavation support systems shall be designed by a Civil or Structural

engineer registered in the State of California who has a minimum of five years
experience in shaft designs including shafts of similar size and in similar ground
conditions as measured by soil type, SPT N-Values, and depth of groundwater.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 02: SITE WORK
02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION

1.5

Surveyor: Surveying requirements same as specified in Section 02447.

3.

Initial Survey: Prior to beginning demolition or excavation, the Contractor shall

perform a survey that identifies and locates facilities within 50 feet of the excavation.

4.

Field reporting forms shall show historical readings and be in a format acceptable to
the Owner.

Acceptance Criteria: (NOT USED)

E.

Preconstruction Meeting:
1.

Hold a meeting, a minimum of two weeks prior to beginning the work

specified herein.

2.

Review and discuss the following items:

a.

Scope of work to be performed.

b.

Construction methods and constraints overview.

c.

Equipment operating parameters.

d.

Safety procedures.

e.

Quality Control procedures and Quality Assurance requirements.

f.

Reporting requirements.

g.

Other issues as may be raised by either party.

F.

Training: (NOT USED)

G.

Testing: (NOT USED)

JOB CONDITIONS
Subsurface Information: Refer to the GDR.

Same as specified in Section 02447.

SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING

A.

Comment [DCC2]: Provide location

COMMENT ADDED TO HAVE PUC ADD
REFERENCE LOCATION FOR GDR IN O2447

SAFETY
A.

1.7

2.

D.

A.
1.6

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Each shaft is to be shown on a schedule.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 02: SITE WORK
02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION
B.

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Launch and receiving shaft for each drive shall be completed before commencing
tunnel construction.

1.8

PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING (NOT USED)

1.9

WARRANTY (NOT USED)

PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1

MATERIALS
A.

Provide all shoring materials in accordance with approved submittals.

B.

Structural steel shall conform to ASTM A36.

C.

Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) shall be zinc coated

2.2

EQUIPMENT (NOT USED)

2.3

SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL (NOT USED)

PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1

GENERAL
A.

Proposed shafts at locations other than where shown on the drawings shall comply with the
following conditions:

Comment [DCC3]: Renumber and add A as

perform all work in conformance with approved
submittals.

1.

Alternate, rescue, or additional shaft locations shall be defined as alternate shaft

locations proposed by the CONTRACTOR.

ADDED TO THIS AND ALL OTHER SPECS

2.

All alternate shaft locations shall be acceptable to the Owner.

Comment [DCC4]: Suggest a drawing showing

areas where rescue shafts will not be acceptable.

3.

The Contractor shall obtain and provide all approvals and permits for alternate shaft
locations to the Owner.

B.

Protect existing structures, utilities, and public and private facilities before commencing
shaft excavation.

C.

Install instrumentation as shown on the Plans and as specified in Section 02448 before
commencing shaft excavation.

D.

E.

Install excavation support systems in accordance with approved submittals. If settlement,

support deflection, or shaft bottom movement indicate the support system requires
modification, the Contractors engineer shall redesign and resubmit revised working
drawings and design calculations.
Provide shaft excavations with a sump to pump out incidental, construction, and storm
water.

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PUC WOULD HAVE TO PREPARE AS WE DON'T

HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF WHERE RESCUE
SHAFTS CAN AND CAN'T GO.

Comment [DCC5]: This should be the greater of

within the drive or within 50 feet of the shaft
locations
LANGUAGE CHANGED TO REFLECT
INSTRUMENTS WITHIN DRIVE AND THOSE
WITHIN 50 FEET OF SHAFT.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 02: SITE WORK
02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION

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F.

Construct pipe ramming shafts with the shoring flush with the existing ground.

G.

Alternate Shaft Locations: Vertical shaft boring with a CMP liner shall be an acceptable
construction method where traffic control permits.

3.2

PREPARATION (NOT USED)

3.3

SHAFT CONSTRUCTION: INTERNAL BRACING SUPPORT SYSTEM

3.4

A.

Construct the internal bracing support system using whalers, struts, and/or shores as
required by the design.

B.

Install and maintain all bracing support members in intimate contact with other support
members and with the ground.

C.

Preload bracing members by jacking struts to 50 percent of the design load if necessary to
control shoring movement.

D.

Preload bracing members in accordance with methods, procedures, and sequence as

described in the approved submittals.

E.

Use procedures that produce uniform loading of bracing members without eccentricities or
over-stressing and distortion of members of system.

SHAFT CONSTRUCTION: METHODS

A.

Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) in Drilled Shaft

1.

2.

3.

B.

Drill the hole within the design tolerances submitted for vertical alignment, diameter,
and depth. Drilled hole shall be of sufficient size to allow placing of CMP and
backfilling the annular space without damaging the CMP.
CMP shall be true and round within design tolerances and of sufficient length to line
entire hole. Install the CMP within design tolerances stipulated in the approved
submittal.
Backfill the annular space with grout of sufficient strength and flowability to provide
intimate contact with the ground and CMP. Backfill grout shall be in accordance with
the approved submittals.

4.

Design and construct the shaft bottom as an integral part of the entire shaft.

5.

Construct the shaft in the wet. Site dewatering shall not be allowed.

6.

Remove the uppermost 5 feet of the CMP shaft.

PUC HAS NOT INDICATED TO US THAT

PLATING HAS TO FLUSH WITH GROUND
ALL ALONG THEY'VE INDICATED THAT
PLATING COULD BE PLACED OVER THE
SHORING.

Comment [DCC7]: Ensure the strength is

compatible with construction method or that the
construction sequence addresses grout removal
STRENGTH NOT REALLY A REQUIREMENT
AS GROUT IS ONLY FILLING ANNULAR
SPACE
THE ONLY THING THAT WOULD BE
REMOVED WOULD BE THE UPPER 5 FEET OF
SUPPORT SYSTEM AND THE GROUT IS
LIKELY TO 'COME ALONG FOR THE RIDE'
WHEN THE CMP IS REMOVED.
Comment [DCC8]: Add to section 1.2. then does
not need to be restated here.
DONE
Comment [DCC9]: Restates 1.2.E. this is not
restated in the following two construction methods.
DELETED HERE TO AVOID RESTATING
Comment [DCC10]: Add if groundwater inflow
exceeds maximum allowed perform grouting until
inflows are below maximum allowable. Repeat for
each construction method.
ADDED GROUNDWATER INFLOW
LANGUAGE AND DRILLED THROUGH THE
OTHER SHAFT METHODS
Comment [DCC11]: Restates 1.2.J.
DELETED HERE 1.2.J WORDED TO HAVE
UPPER 5 FEET OF SHAFT SYSTEM REMOVED.

Interlocking Sheet Piles

1.

Comment [DCC6]: Confirm that the plating is

over the pavement and not recessed

Design and construct the shaft bottom as an integral part of the entire shaft.

Comment [DCC12]: Add to section 1.2. then

does not need to be restated here.
DONE

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DIVISION 02: SITE WORK
02444: SHAFT EXCAVATION
2.

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Remove the uppermost five feet of the steel subsurface support system including all
interior bracing.

Comment [DCC13]: Restates 1.2.J.

DELETED

C.

Secant Piles, Slurry Walls, Cutter Soil Mixing Walls

1.

Design and construct the shaft bottom as an integral part of the entire shaft.

Comment [DCC14]: Add to section 1.2. then does

not need to be restated here.

2.

Remove the uppermost five feet of any cementitious-type retaining structure.

DONE

3.5

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR/RESTORATION (NOT USED)

3.6

INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING

Comment [DCC15]: Restates 1.2.J.

DELETED

A. Monitor shaft wall system and instrumentation in accordance with the approved shaft
submittal.
3.7

FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A.

3.8

Provide quality control, testing, and inspection as required in the approved shaft design
submittals.

REMOVAL OF SUPPORT SYSTEM

A. Remove excavation support in accordance with approved submittals during shaft backfill
operations. Perform removal in a manner that avoids ground settlement and damage to the
pipeline and adjacent facilities.

END OF SECTION

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