TENSE

AFFIRMATIVE

NEGATIVE

QUESTION FORMS

USAGE

Simple Present

I play tennis on Mondays.

She plays tennis on Mondays.

I don't (do not) play tennis

on Mondays.
She doesnt (does not)
play tennis on Mondays.

Do you play on Mondays?

Does she play on Mondays?
Where do you play?
Where does she play?

Habitual activities. States More

Yo juego tennis los lunes.

Simple Past

She didn't (did not) go to

She went to the zoo yesterday.
the zoo.
They added sugar.
They didnt add sugar.

Did she go to the zoo?

When did they add sugar?

Actions that happened at a defined moment

in the past. More
Ellos aadieron azcar.

Simple Future

Hell (He will) meet you at the

airport tomorrow.

He won't (will not) meet

you there.
Im not planning a party

Present
Continuous

I am planning a party now.

He's (He is) working at the
moment.
They are cleaning the house.

Past
Continuous

Bob was watching TV last night.

Bob wasn't (was not)
Bob and I were watching TV
watching TV last night.
last night.

now. He isnt working at

the moment. They arent
cleaning the house.

Future
Continuous

Shell (She will) be cooking

dinner when you arrive.

She won't (will not) be

cooking dinner when you
arrive.

Future with
Going to

I am going to visit you soon.

He's (He is) going to fly to
Boston next week.
They are going to buy clothes
next week.

I am not going to visit you.

He is not going to visit
Boston.
They're (They are) not
going to buy clothes.

Decisions made at the moment about the

Will he meet you there?
future, future predictions, future promises.
When will he meet you there? l se encontrar contigo en el aeropuerto
maana.
Are you planning a party?
Actions happening at the present moment.
Is he working now?
Yo estoy planificando una fiesta ahora.
Where is he working now?
Are they cleaning the house? Interrupted past action, continuous action
happening at a specific moment in time in
Was Bob watching TV last
the past. More
night?
What was he watching on TV Bob estaba viendo TV anoche.
last night?

Future action at a specific moment in the

Will she be cooking next
future. More
week?
Ella estar cocinando cuando t llegues.
What will she be cooking when
you arrive?
Are you going to visit me?
When is he going to visit
Boston?
Where are they going to buy
clothes?
Near future intention and
scheduling. More

Future intent or planned action. More

Yo voy a visitarte
maana.

They have seen Mick three

times this week.
Present Perfect
She has taken a
vacation before.

Past Perfect

Future Perfect

He had already eaten before

she came.

They will have lived here for

twenty years by 2009.

She has been waiting for over

Present Perfect three hours.
Continuous
They have been traveling all
day.

They havent seen Mick

this week.
She hasnt taken
a vacation before.

Have they seen Mick this

week?
Has she taken a vacation
before?
When has she taken
a vacation?

He had not eaten before

she came.

Had he eaten before she

came?
Where had he eaten?

They will not have lived

here for twenty years by
2009.

How long will they have lived

here by 2009?

How long have you been

She has not been waiting
waiting?
for a long time. They have
Where have they been
not been traveling all day.
traveling all day?

Past Perfect
Continuous

She had been waiting for three

hours when he finally arrived.

Future Perfect
Continuous

He will not have been

How long will you have been
He will have been sleeping for a
sleeping much by the time sleeping by the time we
few hours by the time we arrive.
we arrive.
arrive?

She had not been waiting How long had you been
long when he arrived.
waiting when she arrived?

1) To express an action that began in the

past and continues into the present.
2) To express an action that happened in
the UNspecified past. 3) To express a recent
action that has a present effect. More
Ellos han visto a Mick tres veces esta
semana.
To express an action that happens before
another action in the past. More
El habia comido antes de ella llegar.
To express what will have happened or
how long something will have happened
up to a certain point in the future. More
Ellos habrian vivido aqui 20 aos
para el 2009.
To express the duration of a continuous
activity that began in the past and
continues into the present. More
Ella ha estado esperando por ms
de tres horas.
To express the duration of a continuous
activity that began before another
activity in the past. More
Ella haba estado esperando por tres
horas cuando l lleg por fn.
To express the duration of an activity up
to a point of time in the future. More
El habra estado durmiendo unas horas
para cuando lleguemos.