CIRT, Bhopal

Turbo machinery (ME 502)

Tutorial/Assignment Sheet 3 (reaction turbine)
1. Write short notes on (i) Governing of steam turbine and its various methods (ii) Vane
efficiency in reaction turbine.
2. Derive Degree of Reaction for a 50% reaction turbine stage.
3. (a) Draw and explain briefly the velocity and force diagrams for impulse-reaction
turbines. (b) Explain reheat factor. Why is its magnitude always greater than unity?
4. Discuss the performance characteristics of steam turbine.
5. A 50% reaction steam turbine running at 450 rpm. develops 5 MW and has a steam
mass flow rate of 6.5 kg/kW-hr. At a particular stage in the expansion the absolute
pressure is 85 kPa at a steam dryness fraction of 0.94. If the exit angle of the blade is
700 measured from the axial flow direction and the outlet relative velocity of steam is 1.3
times the mean blade speed, find the blade height if the ratio of rotor hub diameter to
blade height is 14.
6. In a Curtis steam turbine stage, there are two rows of moving blades with equiangular
rotors. Steam enters the first rotor at an angle of 290 each and second rotor at an angle
of 320 each. The absolute velocity of steam as it enters the first rotor is 530 m/sec and
the blade velocity coefficient is 0.9 in the first rotor, 0.91 in stator and 0.93 in the second
rotor. If the final discharge should be axial, determine (i) the power output for a steam
flow rate of 3.2 kg/sec and (ii) the axial thrust.
7. The fixed blades of a stage of a Parsons turbine blading delivers dry and saturated
steam at 2.7 bar and 90 m/s. The mean blade height is 4 cm and the moving blade exit
angle is 200. The axial velocity of the steam is of the blade velocity at the mean radius.
Steam is supplied to the stage at the rate of 9000 kg/hr. Calculate the following: (i) the
rpm, (ii) the diagram power, (iii) the diagram efficiency, (iv) the enthalpy drop in each
stage.
8. At a stage in a reaction turbine the mean blade ring diameter is 1 m and the turbine runs
at a speed of 50 rev/sec. The blades are designed for 50% reaction with exit angles 600
and inlet angles 400. The turbine is supplied with steam at the rate of 6,00,000 kg/hr and
the stage efficiency is 85%. Determine (i) the power output of the stage (ii) the specific
enthalpy drop in the stage in kJ/kg.
9. The following data refer to a reaction turbine: speed=3000 rpm, power developed=1MW,
rotor speed = 225 m/s, nozzle angle = 200, steam speed = 350 m/s, specific volume of
steam at nozzle inlet = 4.5 m3/kg, specific volume of steam at nozzle exit = 5 m3/kg,
blade height = 0.15 m, carry over efficiency = 0.9, nozzle efficiency = 0.93. Calculate: (i)
enthalpy drop in each stage, (ii) the degree of reaction, (iii) the stage efficiency.
10. A turbine is supplied with steam at 35 bar and a temperature of 4350C. It is expanded in
four stages to the condenser pressure of 0.04 bar. The pressure at the end of stages are
5, 1.2 and 0.25 bar respectively. Loss due to friction throughout the expansion is 24%.
Determine: (i) the isentropic enthalpy drop in each stage, (ii) the enthalpy drop for a
turbine if friction is neglected, (iii) the work done in kJ/kg of flow neglecting all losses
other than the one stated above, (iv) the reheat factor.