Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
1 Early life
Bruce Lee was born on November 27, 1940, at the
Chinese Hospital, in San Francisco's Chinatown. According to the Chinese zodiac, Lee was born in both the
hour and the year of the Dragon, which according to tradition is a strong and fortuitous omen.* [13]
Bruce's father, Lee Hoi-chuen, () was Han Chinese, and his mother, Grace Ho ( ), was halfChinese and half-Caucasian.* [14] Specically, Grace Ho
was purportedly a half-German Catholic,* [15] and may
have been adopted.* [16] Grace Ho was the daughter of
Ho Kom-tong (Ho Gumtong, ) and the niece of
Sir Robert Ho-tung, both notable Hong Kong businessmen and philanthropists.* [17] Bruce was the fourth child
of ve children: Phoebe Lee (), Agnes Lee (
), Peter Lee (), and Robert Lee ().
Lee and his parents returned to Hong Kong when he was
three months old.* [18]
1.1 Names
Lee's Cantonese birth name was Lee Jun-fan (
).* [19] The name homophonically means return
again, and was given to Lee by his mother, who felt
he would return to the United States once he came of
age.* [15] Because of his mother's superstitious nature,
she had originally named him Sai-fon (), which is
a feminine name meaning small phoenix.* [20] The
English name Bruceis thought to have been given by
the hospital attending physician, Dr. Mary Glover.* [21]
1
EARLY LIFE
After Lee was involved in several street ghts, his parents decided that he needed to be trained in the martial
arts. Lee's rst introduction to martial arts was through
his father, from whom he learned the fundamentals of
Wu-style t'ai chi ch'uan.* [23]
lege at the age of 12. In around 1956, due to poor academic performance (or possibly poor conduct as well),
he was transferred to St. Francis Xavier's College (high
school) where he would be mentored by Brother Edward,
a teacher and coach of the school boxing team.
1.5
In the spring of 1959, Lee got into yet another street ght
and the police were called.* [30] Until his late teens, Lee's
street ghts became more frequent and included beating
the son of a feared triad family. Eventually, Lee's father
decided his son should leave Hong Kong to pursue a safer
and healthier avenue in the United States. His parents
conrmed the police's fear that this time Lee's opponent
had an organised crime background, and there was the
possibility that a contract was out for his life.
2.1
Jeet Kune Do originated in 1967. After lming one season of The Green Hornet, Lee found himself out of work
and opened The Jun Fan Institute of Gung Fu. The controversial match with Wong Jack Man inuenced Lee's
philosophy about martial arts. Lee concluded that the
5
tried traditional bodybuilding techniques to build bulky
muscles or mass. However, Lee was careful to admonish
that mental and spiritual preparation was fundamental to
the success of physical training in martial arts skills. In
Tao of Jeet Kune Do, he wrote
Training is one of the most neglected
phases of athletics. Too much time is given to
the development of skill and too little to the development of the individual for participation.
... JKD, ultimately is not a matter of petty techniques but of highly developed spirituality and
physique.* [48]
According to Linda Lee Cadwell, soon after he moved to
the United States, Lee started to take nutrition seriously
and developed an interest in health foods, high-protein
The Jeet Kune Do emblem is a registered trademark held by the drinks and vitamin and mineral supplements. He later
Bruce Lee Estate. The Chinese characters around the Taijitu symconcluded that in order to achieve a high-performance
bol read:Using no way as wayandHaving no limitation as
body, one could not fuel it with a diet of junk food, and
limitationThe arrows represent the endless interaction between
with the wrong fuelone's body would perform slug*
yang and yin. [45]
gishly or sloppily.* [49] Lee also avoided baked goods and
rened our, describing them as providing calories which
*
ght had lasted too long and that he had failed to live did nothing for his body. [50]
up to his potential using his Wing Chun techniques. He
took the view that traditional martial arts techniques were
too rigid and formalistic to be practical in scenarios of 3 Acting career
chaotic street ghting. Lee decided to develop a system
with an emphasis onpracticality, exibility, speed, and
Main article: Bruce Lee lmography
eciency. He started to use dierent methods of trainLee's father Lee Hoi-chuen was a famous Cantonese
ing such as weight training for strength, running for endurance, stretching for exibility, and many others which
he constantly adapted, including fencing and basic boxing
techniques.
Lee emphasised what he called the style of no style.
This consisted of getting rid of the formalised approach
which Lee claimed was indicative of traditional styles.
Lee felt the system he now called Jun Fan Gung Fu was
even too restrictive, and eventually evolved into a philosophy and martial art he would come to call Jeet Kune Do or
the Way of the Intercepting Fist. It is a term he would later
regret, because Jeet Kune Do implied specic parameters
that styles connote; whereas the idea of his martial art was
to exist outside of parameters and limitations.* [46]
2.5
6
Dozier for an audition for a part in the pilot for Number One Son. The show never aired, but Lee was invited for the role of Kato alongside Van Williams in the
TV series The Green Hornet. The show lasted just one
season, from 1966 to 1967. Lee also played Kato in
three crossover episodes of Batman. This was followed
by guest appearances in three television series: Ironside
(1967), Here Come the Brides (1969), and Blondie (1969).
At the time, two of Lee's martial arts students were Hollywood script writer Stirling Silliphant and actor James
Coburn. In 1969 the three worked on a script for a lm
called The Silent Flute, and went together on a location
hunt to India. The project was not realised at the time;
but the 1978 lm Circle of Iron, starring David Carradine, was based on the same plot. In 2010, producer
Paul Maslansky was reported to plan and receive fundings for a lm based on the original script for The Silent
Flute.* [51] In 1969, Lee made a brief appearance in the
Silliphant-penned lm Marlowe where he played a henchman hired to intimidate private detective Philip Marlowe,
(played by James Garner), by smashing up his oce with
leaping kicks and ashing punches, only to later accidentally jump o a tall building while trying to kick Marlowe
o. The same year he also choreographed ght scenes for
The Wrecking Crew starring Dean Martin, Sharon Tate,
and featuring Chuck Norris in his rst role. In 1970, he
was responsible for ght choreography for A Walk in the
Spring Rain starring Ingrid Bergman and Anthony Quinn,
again written by Silliphant. In 1971, Lee appeared in four
episodes of the television series Longstreet, written by Silliphant. Lee played the martial arts instructor of the title
character Mike Longstreet (played by James Franciscus),
and important aspects of his martial arts philosophy were
written into the script.
3 ACTING CAREER
According to statements made by Lee, and also by Linda
Lee Cadwell after Lee's death, in 1971 Lee pitched a
television series of his own tentatively titled The Warrior, discussions which were also conrmed by Warner
Bros. In a December 9, 1971 television interview on
The Pierre Berton Show, Lee stated that both Paramount
and Warner Brothers wanted him to be in a modernized type of a thing, and that they think the Western idea
is out, whereas I want to do the Western.* [52] According to Cadwell, however, Lee's concept was retooled
and renamed Kung Fu, but Warner Bros. gave Lee no
credit.* [53] Warner Brothers states that they had for some
time been developing an identical concept,* [54] created
by two writers and producers, Ed Spielman and Howard
Friedlander. According to these sources, the reason Lee
was not cast was in part because of his ethnicity, but more
so because he had a thick accent.* [55] The role of the
Shaolin monk in the Wild West, was eventually awarded
to then-non-martial-artist David Carradine. In The Pierre
Berton Show interview, Lee stated he understood Warner
Brothers' attitudes towards casting in the series: They
think that business wise it is a risk. I don't blame them. If
the situation were reversed, and an American star were to
come to Hong Kong, and I was the man with the money,
I would have my own concerns as to whether the acceptance would be there.* [56]
Wan Kam Leung and Bruce Lee in a screen test for Game of
Death.
7
Lee later formed his own company, Concord Production
Inc. (), with Chow. For his third lm,
Way of the Dragon (1972), he was given complete control
of the lm's production as the writer, director, star, and
choreographer of the ght scenes. In 1964, at a demonstration in Long Beach, California, Lee had met Karate
champion Chuck Norris. In Way of the Dragon Lee introduced Norris to movie-goers as his opponent in the
nal death ght at the Colosseum in Rome, today considered one of Lee's most legendary ght scenes and one of
the most memorable ght scenes in martial arts lm history.* [58] The role was originally oered to American
Karate champion Joe Lewis.* [59]
stopped to allow him to work on Enter the Dragon. In addition to Abdul-Jabbar, George Lazenby, Hapkido master
Ji Han-Jae and another of Lee's students, Dan Inosanto,
were also to appear in the lm, which was to culminate
in Lee's character, Hai Tien (clad in the now-famous yellow track suit) taking on a series of dierent challengers
on each oor as they make their way through a ve-level
pagoda. In a controversial move, Robert Clouse nished
the lm using a look-alike and archive footage of Lee
from his other lms with a new storyline and cast, which
was released in 1978. However, the cobbled-together lm
contained only fteen minutes of actual footage of Lee
(he had printed many unsuccessful takes)* [64] while the
rest had a Lee look-alike, Kim Tai Chung, and Yuen Biao
as stunt double. The unused footage Lee had lmed was
recovered 22 years later and included in the documentary
Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey.* [65]
In late 1972, Lee began work on his fourth Golden Harvest Film, Game of Death. He began lming some scenes
including his ght sequence with 72 American Basketball star Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, a former student. Production was stopped when Warner Brothers oered Lee
the opportunity to star in Enter the Dragon, the rst lm
to be produced jointly by Golden Harvest and Warner
Bros. Filming commenced in Hong Kong in February
1973. One month into the lming, another production
company, Starseas Motion Pictures, promoted Bruce Lee
as a leading actor in Fist of Unicorn, although he had
merely agreed to choreograph the ght sequences in the
lm as a favour to his long-time friend Unicorn Chan. Lee
planned to sue the production company, but retained his
friendship with Chan.* [60] However, only a few months
after the completion of Enter the Dragon, and six days
before its July 26, 1973 release,* [61] Lee died. Enter the
Dragon would go on to become one of the year's highest
grossing lms and cement Lee as a martial arts legend.
It was made for US$850,000 in 1973 (equivalent to $4
million adjusted for ination as of 2007).* [62] To date,
Enter the Dragon has grossed over $200 million worldwide.* [63] The lm sparked a brief fad in martial arts,
epitomised in songs such as "Kung Fu Fighting" and TV
shows like Kung Fu.
Robert Clouse, the director of Enter the Dragon and
Golden Harvest revived Lee's unnished lm Game of
Death. Lee had shot over 100 minutes of footage, including out-takes, for Game of Death before shooting was
4
4.1
5 DEATH
Artistry
Philosophy
4.2
Poetry
Bruce Lee is buried next to his son Brandon in Lakeview Cemetery, Seattle.
5 Death
On May 10, 1973, Lee collapsed in Golden Harvest
studios in Hong Kong while doing dubbing work for
the movie Enter the Dragon. Suering from seizures
and headaches, he was immediately rushed to Hong
Kong Baptist Hospital where doctors diagnosed cerebral
edema. They were able to reduce the swelling through the
administration of mannitol. These same symptoms that
occurred in his rst collapse were later repeated on the
day of his death.* [77]
On July 20, 1973, Lee was in Hong Kong, to have dinner
with James Bond star George Lazenby, with whom he
intended to make a lm. According to Lee's wife Linda,
Lee met producer Raymond Chow at 2 p.m. at home
to discuss the making of the lm Game of Death. They
worked until 4 p.m. and then drove together to the home
of Lee's colleague Betty Ting Pei, a Taiwanese actress.
The three went over the script at Ting's home, and then
Chow left to attend a dinner meeting.* [78]* [79]
Later Lee complained of a headache, and Ting gave
him an analgesic (painkiller), Equagesic, which contained both aspirin and the muscle relaxant meprobamate.
Around 7:30 p.m., he went to lie down for a nap. When
Lee did not turn up for dinner, Chow came to the apartment, but could not wake Lee up. A doctor was summoned, who spent ten minutes attempting to revive him
before sending him by ambulance to Queen Elizabeth
Hospital. Lee was dead by the time he reached the hospital.* [80]
There was no visible external injury; however, according to autopsy reports, his brain had swollen considerably,
from 1,400 to 1,575 grams (a 13% increase). Lee was 32
years old. The only substance found during the autopsy
was Equagesic. On October 15, 2005, Chow stated in an
interview that Lee died from an allergic reaction to the
muscle relaxant (meprobamate) in Equagesic, which he
described as a common ingredient in painkillers. When
the doctors announced Lee's death ocially, it was ruled
6.2
Legacy
There are a number of stories (perhaps apocryphal) surrounding Lee that are still repeated in Hong Kong culture.
Bruce Lee personally certied only three instructors: One is that his early 1970s interview on the TVB show
Taky Kimura, James Yimm Lee, and Dan Inosanto. In- Enjoy Yourself Tonight cleared the busy streets of Hong
osanto holds the 3rd rank (Instructor) directly from Bruce Kong as everyone was watching the interview at home.
Lee in Jeet Kune Do, Jun Fan Gung Fu, and Bruce Lee's On January 6, 2009, it was announced that Bruce's Hong
Tao of Chinese Gung Fu. Taky Kimura holds a 5th rank Kong home (41 Cumberland Road, Kowloon, Hong
in Jun Fan Gung Fu. James Yimm Lee held a 3rd rank Kong) will be preserved and transformed into a tourist
in Jun Fan Gung Fu. Ted Wong holds 2nd rank in Jeet site by philanthropist Yu Pang-lin.* [90]* [91]
6.1
Certied instructors
10
12 NOTES
9.1 Film
9.2 Television
10 Bibliography
Chinese Gung-Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self Defense (Bruce Lee's rst book) 1963
Tao of Jeet Kune Do (Published posthumously)
1973
Bruce Lee's Fighting Method (Published posthumously) 1978
11 See also
Bruce Lee Library
Bruceploitation
Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story the semi-biographic
motion picture played by Jason Scott Lee
Mostar Bruce Lee statue
Lee was trained in Wu Tai Chi Chuan (also known as Ngga) and Jing Mo Tam Tui for the twelve sets. Lee was
trained in the martial arts Choy Li Fut, Western Boxing,
pe fencing, Judo, Praying Mantis kung fu, Hsing-I, and
Jujitsu.
[1] Chu, Karen (June 26, 2011). Proposed Bruce Lee Museum Shelved in Hong Kong. The Hollywood Reporter.
[2] Awards, Honors, Achievements, and Activities. Los
Angeles: Bruce Lee Foundation. Retrieved June 7, 2010.
[3] Jun Fan Jeet Kune Do. Bruce Lee Foundation.
Filmography
[12] Bruce Lee at Hong Kong Cinemagic. (look under the 'nationality' section)
11
[39] Nilsson, Thomas (May 1996). With Bruce Lee: Taekwondo Pioneer Jhoon Rhee Recounts His 10-Year Friendship With the Dragon"". Black Belt Magazine 34 (5):
3943. Retrieved November 19, 2009.
[40] Uyehara 1993, p. 27
[41] Bruce Lee Victor Moore unblockable closing Long
Beach International Tournament 60s. YouTube. June
11, 2009. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
[42] Bruce Lee: The Immortal Dragon, January 29, 2002, A&E
Television Networks
[43] Dorgan 1980
[20] Bruce Lee: the immortal Dragon, January 29, 2002, A&E
Television Networks
[21] Lee, Grace (1980). Bruce Lee The Untold Story. United
States: CFW Enterprise.
[36] 2007 Long Beach International Karate Championship [63] Stein, Joel (June 14, 1999). The Gladiator BRUCE
. Long Beach International Karate Championship. ReLEE. TIME. p. 3. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
trieved May 30, 2008.
[64] Bruce Lee, the Legend, 1977, Paragon Films, Ltd., 20th
[37] Two Finger Pushup. Maniac World. Retrieved May
Century Fox Home Entertainment
30, 2008.
[65] Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey at the Internet Movie
[38] Vaughn 1986, p. 21
Database
12
13
REFERENCES
[93] Bruce Lee statue unveiled in L.A.'s Chinatown, Los Angeles Times, June 16, 2013
[94] Jason Nawara (April 6, 2014). Bruce Lee revealed as
the hidden EA UFC character, release date conrmed.
mmanuts.com. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
[95] Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do, 1995 Legacy Productions,
New Zealand.
[96] Lee 1989, p. 83
13 References
Bishop, James (2004). Bruce Lee: Dynamic Becoming. Dallas: Promethean Press. ISBN 0-97340540-6.
Bolelli, Daniele (2008). On the Warrior's Path. Blue
Snake Books. ISBN 1-58394-219-X.
Campbell, Sid (2003). The Dragon and the Tiger:
The Birth of Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do 1 (illustrated
ed.). Frog Books. ISBN 1-58394-089-8.
Campbell, Sid (2006). Remembering the master (illustrated ed.). Blue Snake Books. ISBN 1-58394148-7.
Clouse, Robert (1988). Bruce Lee: The Biography (illustrated ed.). Unique Publications. ISBN
0-86568-133-3.
Dennis, Felix (1974). Bruce Lee, King of Kung-Fu
(illustrated ed.). Wildwood House. ISBN 0-70450121-X.
Dorgan, Michael (1980). Bruce Lee's Toughest
Fight. EBM Kung Fu Academy. Retrieved December 27, 2009.
Glover, Jesse R. (1976). Bruce Lee Between Win
Chun and Jeet Kune Do. Unspecied vendor. ISBN
0-9602328-0-X.
Lee, Bruce (1975). Tao of Jeet Kune Do (reprint
ed.). Ohara Publications. ISBN 0-89750-048-2.
Lee, Bruce (2008). M. Uyehara, ed. Bruce Lee's
Fighting Method: The Complete Edition (illustrated
ed.). Black Belt Communications. ISBN 0-89750170-5.
Lee, Linda (1975a). Bruce Lee: the man only I knew.
Warner Paperback Library. ISBN 0-446-78774-4.
Lee, Linda (1989). The Bruce Lee Story. United
States: Ohara Publications. ISBN 0-89750-121-7.
13
Little, John (2001). Bruce Lee: Artist of Life. Tuttle
Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3263-3.
Little, John (1996). The Warrior Within The
philosophies of Bruce Lee to better understand the
world around you and achieve a rewarding life (illustrated ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-8092-3194-8.
Little, John (1997). Words of the Dragon: Interviews 19581973 (Bruce Lee). Tuttle Publishing.
ISBN 0-8048-3133-5.
Little, John (1997a). Jeet Kune Do: Bruce Lee's
Commentaries on the Martial Way (illustrated ed.).
Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3132-7.
Little, John (1997b). The tao of gung fu: a study in
the way of Chinese martial art. Bruce Lee Library
2 (illustrated ed.). Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-80483110-6.
Little, John (1998). Bruce Lee: The Art of Expressing the Human Body. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 9780-8048-3129-1.
Little, John (2002). Striking Thoughts: Bruce Lee's
Wisdom for Daily Living (illustrated ed.). Tuttle
Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3471-7.
Sharif, Sulaiman (2009). 50 Martial Arts Myths.
new media entertainment ltd. ISBN 0-9677546-23.
Thomas, Bruce (1994). Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit:
a Biography. Berkeley, California: Frog, Ltd. ISBN
1-883319-25-0.
Thomas, Bruce (2006). Immortal Combat: Portrait of a True Warrior (illustrated ed.). Blue Snake
Books. ISBN 1-58394-173-8.
Uyehara, Mitoshi (1993). Bruce Lee: the incomparable ghter (illustrated ed.). Black Belt Communications. ISBN 0-89750-120-9.
Vaughn, Jack (1986). The Legendary Bruce Lee.
Black Belt Communications. ISBN 0-89750-1063.
Ylmaz, Yksel (2000). Dv Sanatlarnn Temel
lkeleri, stanbul, Turkey: Beyaz Yaynlar, ISBN
975-8261-87-8.
Ylmaz, Yksel (2008). Jeet Kune Do'nun Felsefesi,
stanbul, Turkey: Yaln Yaynclk, ISBN 978-9944313-67-4.
14
External links
14
15
15
15.1
15.1
Text
15
Equendil, Linberry, Cydebot, NealIRC, Peripitus, Samuell, Bill (who is cool!), AniMate, Mike65535, Sir Kenny, ClonedPickle, Dominicanpapi82, BRUCELEE3, Jack O'Lantern, NiceguyC, Rstall384, Urashimataro, Gogo Dodo, Ahawowow, Dreadpiratetif, Martialedge, Meat
Golem, Corpx, Boardhead, Chasingsol, NY4INFO, WikiWikiMan, Luckyherb, Yeanold Viskersenn, Trident13, Dancter, Tawkerbot4,
Hiryu84, Roberta F., DumbBOT, Gungfu, Asenine, Kershner, Ghostexorcist, Brendan James, Gnfnrf, Tat Meng, After Midnight, MrMacMan, Jakeponsillo, Freedomforallwomen, Omicronpersei8, Centuriono, Vanessaem, Thijs!bot, Tbirdordo, 78617, Epbr123, Daa89563,
FromanylanD, Coelacan, Redrum671, Oscaromarjp, Taekwondo, Upanishad, Dasani, Jonjo5, Ucanlookitup, HappyInGeneral, Sry85, Soccerdinho, N5iln, Nonagonal Spider, LeeNapier, RevolverOcelotX, Missvain, NorwegianBlue, James086, Tirk, X201, QuasyBoy, Arfoo,
Slapslapslap, Scottmsg, ShuckyDucky, Signaleer, Velen117, Natalie Erin, TheBronxBull, Mentisto, Chili palmer, WIkiHorseMan, KrakatoaKatie, JBell, AntiVandalBot, RobotG, Genmail2000, Majorly, Blarrrgy, Nutshack1, Luna Santin, Guy Macon, Rolotamossy, Don marcos, Opelio, QuiteUnusual, NeilEvans, SummerPhD, Prolog, Dr. Blofeld, Doc Tropics, Dr who1975, Taeguk Warrior, Benwha, Silver seren,
Aish Warya, Retroandi, Jhsounds, Gh5046, Pixelface, Ww.ellis, Qwerty Binary, Wl219, Znkp, Tsilliker, Res2216restar, Kariteh, Son of
Spam, JAnDbot, Leuko, Husond, MER-C, Nthep, Sirka, Matthew Fennell, Janejellyroll, Db099221, Michig, Panarjedde, Hut 8.5, J-stan, J
Greb, Gavia immer, SamF, MSBOT, Rothorpe, Knowledgeispower123, SiobhanHansa, Aekbal, Huphelmeyer, Zenguru, Jcovarru, The exclusive bad apple, Creationlaw, Bongwarrior, VoABot II, Liquid Turbo, Chevinki, Dragonbeast, Wikidudeman, RyuuKanshin, Kuyabribri,
Nightcrawler1089, Soapfan06, CattleGirl, DexDestroy, Ling.Nut, Aerographer1981, Mike7x7, Rivertorch, Onequbit, Singularity, Jim Douglas, Steven Walling, JobSmee, Avicennasis, GroovySandwich, KConWiki, Catgut, PenguinJockey, Kingdomsingapura, BatteryIncluded,
Rhyceangel, Gordonfreeman 19, Chucknorrislol, Adrian J. Hunter, Mike Searson, Bmx371, Allstarecho, Canyouhearmenow, Grinder00, MarkyParky, RT100, Christianus, Brad mason, Glen, Talon Artaine, DerHexer, Interrobamf, Edward321, Kanewulf, Zhanzhao, Rydra Wong, Pax:Vobiscum, Mousel, Wikikungfuman, Gun Powder Ma, Yhinz17, Scottalter, Grosnik, Hdt83, MartinBot, Phantomsnake,
JellyKryptonite, Jlowie, NAHID, Bradford44, Orangysb, Naohiro19, Ozroadster, Jchristie82, Videomike, TheEgyptian, Padillah, ColorOfSuering, Legend83, Captainattacker, Mschel, R'n'B, CommonsDelinker, Johnpacklambert, Dalgo, WikiBruceLeeFan, Lordshark12,
PrestonH, Wiki Raja, BruceLeeWiki, Ericbern, Arbon42, Paranomia, J.delanoy, Pharaoh of the Wizards, FANSTARbot, Kimse, Jonny D.,
DandyDan2007, Lg16spears, EscapingLife, DarKnEs5 WaRr0r, Bogey97, Anas Salloum, Jure Pecher, Richiekim, *Daijinryuu*, Bmw m
alex, Uncle Dick, Arrrdvark, Croatian King, Josh t3h l337, Malcolmo, Hwoarangshin, Ginsengbomb, BruceManNew, Indiealtphreak, AVX,
Huo Xin, FLJuJitsu, Creepy Crawler, Samurai1882, EH74DK, Soulofdragon, Longquando, Hiei the Black Dragon, Gamezero05, JEBenson,
Tai kit, DarkFalls, LordAnubisBOT, McSly, Hybridmartialart, SpigotMap, Sethaus, Pidol, Mjb1981, RaGnaRoK SepHr0tH, Utkwes, Qwerty1936, LeeBruceMan, Brazilian Man, Ta martial artist, JayJasper, AntiSpamBot, (jarbarf), RoboMaxCyberSem, Plasticup, Takedashingen620, Belovedfreak, Richard D. LeCour, Spikeo357, Kevin scherbring, Efrafra, Yodalover, Thegraciousfew, Mawai, Jwh335, Sleepeeg3,
Chiweiho, 2help, Juliancolton, Kidlittle, WJBscribe, Fujibaga, Franktgc, JudahBlaze, Davidstocks, Sarregouset, DMCer, Yellowver, Thats
a big sh, GeneralChan, IceDragon64, Andy Marchbanks, Dorftrottel, Minuzzo 69, Tradrrboy, Pusiek, Uglyguy2006, RjCan, Martial75,
MoodyGroove, Leerewikiman, Xiahou, Specter01010, ThePointblank, CardinalDan, SuperXW, Idioma-bot, WWGB, Duchamps comb,
Apocalyptic Destroyer, Black Kite, X!, Jophus00, Shiggity, VolkovBot, CityPride, JGHowes, Roman2006, Brisngr, Madmax.ptz, DOHC
Holiday, Mr. Bouncy, Kargirl, Jimghtwik, Cordmara8518, Julio Punch, Guardian Tiger, Sue H. Ping, Kungfuguy2, Ekaterinvorkosigan, WOSlinker, Barneca, Philip Trueman, Erkwikiman, Rossen3, DoorsAjar, TXiKiBoT, Brumandret, Mayorcheese, Mercurywoodrose,
BuickCenturyDriver, WatchAndObserve, Zenith313, Lots42, Mathyas, Vipinhari, Technopat, Djtheory, Miranda, Rei-bot, Andres rojas22, Minamoto, Redketchup67, Gills07, Llamabr, Darntastic, TomEatsCake, Playserious, Shouketsu, Charlesdrakew, Augydoggy, Qxz,
Blahaccountblah, Enzo32ferrari, Shindo9Hikaru, Xerexus, DieOfGoodLuck, Lradrama, DennyColt, Dmcdonnell, PaulTanenbaum, Jackfork, LeaveSleaves, Ericlansentron, Logical Leopard, Neoonyxalchemist, DjReadyRed, Mannafredo, Tbrittreid, Snowbot, GhanaDa, Gibson Flying V, Csdorman, Katimawan2005, Peeperman, NodnarbLlad, PinWang, Just Jim Dandy, Mwilso24, DeathNomad, Barry.dawson,
Ashnard, Realtalk206, DailyGuy, Kumailjoelalex, Zalinda Zenobia, DJFishlips, Moonlightchest, Thoyo, Abort-O-Matic 5000, RyanF76,
@pple, Enviroboy, Gurdev2, Jwmorris92, TravelingCat, Sapphic, Magiclite, Master of the Orchalcos, Sesshomaru, 3gpabko, Why Not A
Duck, Brianga, Chrissie-chen, Castropastro, HiDrNick, Bobo The Ninja, Demak, Kevinfromhk, LockDog387, EmxBot, Tientao, Sowak,
A metal shard, Xaither, CMBJ, D. Recorder, Ihertyou, Hmwith, Demmy, Cosprings, Jlime 2007, Goosebumpsadair, Geekz, SieBot,
99nintynine, RHodnett, Madman, Nubiatech, Joshuagor44, Scarian, Csfgdead, Euryalus, AKR619, BotMultichill, ProfMA, Jauerback,
Da Joe, Ergateesuk, Lomidrevo, Caltas, Milanoodia, Masamuni, Winning500, Xymmax, Triwbe, Gl873, Goat jello, Karate-contrib, Eddie
treacy, Cashchickenwing, FunkMonk, Android Mouse, BlueAzure, CombatCraig, A. Carty, Princecharlesmanson, BLT420, Ninja Shewolf,
Oda Mari, Grimey109, Arbor to SJ, Sterry2607, Ifeelcool, Rahk EX, Jrrocker99, Ritto Revolto, FrankRizzo2006, JSpung, Wombatcat,
Laxguy324, Lewisiscool, Oxymoron83, Mankar Camoran, Vmrgrsergr, Nuttycoconut, Android Mouse Bot 3, Nikkoda, Dylan.grith,
WikiBully, Marizabigail, Scribblyme, Iianq, Panicum, N96, Coxjkd, Dawnrainespdx, Bobmaninonit, Janggeom, Ekythump3, Tell-Tale
Ghost, Gorrrillla5, Wbj, Azuresong, WalAloe, DaDrought3, U8suiwoasd, Jcusarmy, Flq, Chillum, Pexise, Paulinho28, Nipsonanomhmata,
Dust Filter, Spacekase, Susan118, RainbowWerewolf, Butane Goddess, Sci-GOD2k7, Florentino oro, Hans yulun lai, Iamwisesun,
Wjwalrus, Adam1516, LarRan, Thricer, Sineadxxxx, Staylor71, Beemer69, Tuuktalus, Epthorn, ImageRemovalBot, Goodshoped35110s,
Bekuletz, Smashville, Faithlessthewonderboy, Atif.t2, ApokalypseCow, Deavenger, JianChuanTaiChi, SlackerMom, DreamsAreMadeOf,
Martarius, Sfan00 IMG, MastaFighta, Danreeed, JeremyFlash, Misko-legenda, De728631, ClueBot, Nintendude1189, Shineyaznboi, Milany, Fxgaytan, Russell1241324, Killer possum, RisingSunWiki, PipepBot, Renzoy16, Snigbrook, Hippo99, The Thing That Should
Not Be, Bcgreen24, All Hallow's Wraith, Icarusgeek, Trivia23, Connerybond1962, Jagun, Srikanthdileep, Clinton Baptiste, Metiscus,
Parkjunwung, Wysprgr2005, Mattsta 33, Cthulhu Dreaming, Ghostrighter, Codymacdonald, WhisperingGhost, Kato15Mia, WDavis1911,
Nothgierc.ziggy, Papote532, DanielDeibler, JTBX, PolarYukon, User5802, Ravichandrae, Jericho735, 10tunneyz, Markoconut, Jeslaidr,
Harmonicartist, Zl1vette, DavidToma, Ashdod, Dylan620, TheSmuel, Jjclark22, Bab-a-lot, XXsuiCiDaLXx, Cleanshortz22, Kwinki,
ChandlerMapBot, Kill broccoli, Rockfang, PMDrive1061, SamuelTheGhost, Kannie, F-402, JMG749, Petestar1969, Luke4545, Excirial, Hughiegrant, Nymf, DevilN dSkyz, Jusdafax, NewJai, Bujinwraith, Biglandfarm, Kanguole, Ottre, John Nevard, JDuverge, Yemal,
Niteshift36, FaithLehaneTheVampireSlayer, Ksmalls8610, Gamingguy90, Mechagio, MickMacNee, Cenarium, Jotterbot, Jwking, Antodav2007, Tnxman307, Holothurion, Shin-chan01, LonerXL, Drop of Soul, 6afraidof7, The Red, Panicpack, DavisD, Light show, Thingg, 7,
Monk jkd, WlReik, Yoman82, Lau Kar-Yung, Versus22, Bunty456, Feddx, UnlinedPage, Lx 121, Burner0718, Johnuniq, Apparition11,
Joyson Prabhu, DumZiBoT, The Phantomnaut, BarretB, Bridies, XLinkBot, Eightsoil, Fastily, Ensample, Whoelius, Ost316, WikHead,
NellieBly, Alexius08, Emhall13, Ugh3n, Airplaneman, TFBCT1, Gggh, Homiex, Kbdankbot, Snoopymetlife, Chexmix53, Addbot, Willking1979, Iwanhg, Jojhutton, George-Archer, Guoguo12, Ucla90024, Wulf Isebrand, Ronhjones, TutterMouse, Cooksi, Fieldday-sunday,
GD 6041, Underwaterbualo, Leszek Jaczuk, Damiens.rf, Tasnu Arakun, NjardarBot, Skyezx, Intel352, Download, Chamal N, WikiMookie, Este83, Buster7, Glane23, Janeclimber, Michaelwuzthere, Foxcloud, AndersBot, Lord Georey, Chzz, Debresser, CUSENZA
Mario, Buddha24, Favonian, Doniago, SasakiSumire, Aktsu, FrysUniverse, AgadaUrbanit, Numbo3-bot, Tide rolls, Lightbot, OlEnglish,
Trachtemacht, Kiril Simeonovski, Mjquinn id, Eddevil, Phettyplace, Marc87, Legobot, Luckas-bot, Yobot, DerechoReguerraz, Bunnyhop11, Jtaylor5050, Somsinee, Belevicius, Mrakbaseball, Freikorp, Darx9url, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, GateKeeper, QueenCake,
Ayrton Prost, Naipicnirp, Eric-Wester, Kookyunii, Synchronism, Bility, AnomieBOT, Hongdx, 1exec1, RobinInTexas, SPARTAN-J024,
16
15
Killiondude, Pyrrhus16, Ravinpa, Piano non troppo, AdjustShift, Fahadsadah, Kingpin13, Sebco7, Flewis, Thesamami, Materialscientist,
Limideen, Citation bot, Kamuran otukenli, Jack.daly.01, Larsanders, GB fan, ArthurBot, B. Fairbairn, Nifky?, Cloudy October, Potonik,
Xqbot, Amin10, Bojnin, Ujkaj4president, Cureden, Nathan900130, Azuranzara, Shahzadladiwala, Daogouworg, Peter tong, Beeline23,
Grim23, Mlpearc, Julle, B1ography100, Nathaniel ozeme, Ninjape, Uscbino, Zerox277, Richard Lee 9, J04n, GrouchoBot, Nbagigafreak,
ProtectionTaggingBot, Smurdah, Foreverprovence, Teisbetter2, Atomsk648, Bellerophon, Siddharth9200, CHJL, Olo403, Doulos Christos, Kabbour, Steve o big fan, Moxy, Natural Cut, Shadowjams, Joaquin008, E0steven, Misortie, Sesu Prime, , Illegal19,
Dougofborg, Spongefrog, Tonsdon, Lilsamuraikid3, FrescoBot, AdamWilliss, AlexDiged, SinX7, Failbooy333, Lovewarrior, Xoxodancrgurl, Lothar von Richthofen, Adam9389, StaticVision, Michael93555, Recognizance, Neptunekh2, Roccodog34, Charliekkendo, VI,
Wolverine-gulo-gulo, Vishnu2011, Sampharo, Soangry, BruceLee7201973, Wukatang, Sophophobe, Vizhu, Fahelium, Cheezo12, TheInniteMind, A little insignicant, Drew R. Smith, Civilizededucation, Nottingham-safari, Psychoguy157, ClickRick, Citation bot 1, PigFlu
Oink, Eva2009, Nyctc7, Moosecaca, PSPatel, StreetghterAkuma, Robozombieninja, I dream of horses, Momergil, Bon jovi 1, Dogfanatic2, Kiefer.Wolfowitz, Notedgrant, XIKxF0RNARAxIKx, Zachtheone, A Priority 1, Bruceleeenthusiast, Psp295, Apschoen, RedBot,
Mindcrm, Da master91, SpaceFlight89, Fixer88, Evenrd, Hovhannesk, MiloKral, Jamesinderbyshire, Rvcavinii, Squiderick, Dawesalm,
Troutfacebabycake, White Shadows, Utility Monster, ActivExpression, Arieldemi, Orenburg1, Mamajeme, Jobblow, TobeBot, Trappist
the monk, Scythre, Undefeatedcooler, Tibetan Prayer, A11nutty, Tommy 6000, Xiansho, Dantheplan2000, Aplac, Nixandi, Spidyironcap103, And Rew, Anthony Winward, PS6789, Benimation, Nataev, Allnuttj, WiseNinja1, Suusion of Yellow, Mr.soft88888, IRISZOOM, Tbhotch, Bruceleedotcom, EyeKnows, Mramz88, Jesse V., A08jemah, Keegscee, I4c, Smythm03, RjwilmsiBot, Luhar1997,
RepliCarter, Phylup j. fry, Grammar cowboy, Myymiao, Hoops gza, Alfenheim, Metallica999, Balph Eubank, Sinner563, Game Master
Joe, Gorrila24, CalicoCatLover, Saint.Halls, Mrsnitas5kids, Damo and mole, EmausBot, And we drown, John of Reading, RyanTauscher,
Singhsales, Gfoley4, Edlitz36, Fauxden, Tommy2010, N432138, Evanh2008, AvicBot, Kkm010, ZroBot, Illegitimate Barrister, Hitmanrock, Davykamanzi, Imperial Monarch, Goodman1145, Uqahr, H3llBot, Wiooiw, Clari 2010, Pl2241, Aikido Philippines, Gidtanner,
Filmested, Stevenprica, Demiurge1000, Rethliopuks, Brandmeister, Oh babe, L Kensington, KRAKARNAK, Supjet, Vtttmio, Insommia, Rudolfensis, Helpsome, Shaharris, ClueBot NG, Gothicartech, Niten Doraku, Akuindo, Warthomp, The Great Pancracio, Fashionster, Ponshivam, 7ames, Ryan Vesey, Neogeolegend, Miracle dream, Helpful Pixie Bot, Newyork1501, Mukhlis Putra, Diyairaniyanim,
Flix11, Huangdan2060, Stinkyegg, InferKNOX, Kendall-K1, Calvin Marquess, Snow Rise, Earth Wikipedian, Johnny Squeaky, United
States Man, Dman41689, MisterMorton, ThirthtonThithtertinton, Bonkers The Clown, TriNitroGlycerin, Ljkx, Biosthmors, Newlife512,
Hipposcrashed, HiDefRev, The Elixir Of Life, ZappaOMati, Daisijo, Redkiki, BrokenSun, Dexbot, Mr Morden76, Hmainsbot1, Oxycut, James1420, VIAFbot, Magellan Maestro, Britasians001, Cookie gang, WholphinLuver12, Forgot to put name, Epicgenius, ComputerGeek3000, CCGLASHAUS, UWHuskyFan, Lindenhurst Liberty, APPike, Cinerama Comment, Echirlin, MisterHungry, Mochamad
farhan, Liz, UnbiasedVictory, Prtksxna, Gfyd, Survivorfan1995, Thephil12312, Spiritclaymore, Falside, Spilia4, Monkbot, Landingdude13, HulkRider, Monkeyhaver44, JitsuFighter, Fraz2014, Boxwriter2008, Charliewolf79 and Anonymous: 2535
15.2
Images
15.3
Content license
17
15.3
Content license