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Laboratory Manual
For
16, Dec 2003 Rev 00 Chemical Engg. ISO 9000 Tech Document
FORWARD
Principal
This manual is intended for the Third year students of Chemical Engineering
branch in the subject of Mass Transfer Operation. This manual typically
contains practical/Lab Sessions related Mass Transfer Operation covering
various aspects related the subject to enhanced understanding.
We have made the efforts to cover various aspects of the subject covering Various
Mass transfer operations used in chemical industry will be complete in itself to make
it meaningful, elaborative understandable concepts and conceptual visualization.
Students are advised to thoroughly go though this manual rather than only topics
mentioned in the syllabus as practical aspects are the key to understanding and
conceptual visualization of theoretical aspects covered in the books.
SUBJECT INDEX
1.
2.
To determine time constant & study step response for Single level
liquid tank.
3.
To determine time constant & study step response for second order
system (Mercury Manometer).
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Submission
14.
1.
Do not enter the laboratory without wearing apron, preferably use shoes.
Submission related to whatever lab work has been completed should be done during the
next lab session.
Chemicals: Benzene
Apparatus: Silica
Theory:
Procedure: 1) Prepare a std. solvent in 100ml of Benzene by adding two three drops of alcohol.
2) Prepare Silica gel plate and dried in oven for 1 hr at 106 c.
3) Mark spot of Acetophenon & mixture on the plate. Then take plate and then place plate in
Iodine crystal in flask, wait for some time.
4) The some spots are observed mark those spots. & measure difference from solvent line
5) Measure distance travelled by each individual molecule measured.
Result:
Conclusion:
Chemicals: N/500
Apparatus:
Hcl, 10-3 m3 Salicylic Acid in N/500 Hcl &10-3 m3 ferrous ammonium in N/500 Hcl.
Theory:
Procedure: 1) The optimum Ph for the stability of complex is about 2.6 to 2.8. This is obtain using
solution of reactant in N/500 Hcl.
2) Mix the salicylic Acid solution in different proportions in properly stopperd glass bottles.
3) Measure the transmission or optical density for particular mixture using different filter.
4) Measure the transmission or optical density for each bottles.
Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
Result:
Conclusion:
Transmission (%)
Chemicals: Acetic
Apparatus: Conduct
Theory:
Procedure: 1) Prepare pipette out 5ml of Hcl solution & 5ml of Acetic Acid in beaker.
2) Add 40 ml distilled water to it. & dip conducting bridge fill the microburtte with steel NaoH
solution.
3) Titrate the Acid mixture solution conduct metrically and note down conductance value
Sr. No.
Observed conductance
Conclusion:
Chemicals: Acetic
Apparatus: Conduct
Theory:
Procedure: 1) Prepare pipette out 5ml of NaoH l solution & 5ml of Acetic Acid in beaker.
2) Add 40 ml distilled water to it. & dip conducting bridge fill the microburtte with steel NaoH
Solution.
3) Titrate the Acid mixture solution conduct metrically and note down conductance value
Sr. No.
Observed conductance
Conclusion:
Chemicals:
Apparatus: Resistance
Theory:
Observation Table:
Sr. No.
Result:
Conclusion:
Temperature in ()
Resistance R in ()
R/R0
Chemicals:
Apparatus: Thermister,
Theory:
Observation Table:
Sr. No.
Temperature in ()
Thermal Resistance
Conclusion:
Chemicals:
Apparatus: Thermocouple,
Theory:
Observation Table:
Sr. No.
Result:
Conclusion:
Temperature in ()
Resistance R in ()
R/R0
Chemicals:
Apparatus: U
Theory:
Procedure: 1) Check the U-tube manometer for atmospheric pressure acts on both limbs or nor.
2) observe the steady state height of U-tube manometer where no atmospheric pressure acts
On both either limbs.
3) Apply the pressure inputs to one of the limbs for a certain amount of time.
4) Note the displacement of manometric fluid from the steady state height and time of
oscillation.
Observations:
cm.
cm.
Observation Table:
Sr. No.
Calculations: plot
Conclusion:
Time t in (sec)
Theory:
Procedure:
1. Admit water into the tank at a known flow rate and wait for steady to be
achieved.
2. When the outlet flow rate will be such that height of liquid does not change.
3. Measure the steady state flow rate Q(s) and height H(s) of the tank.
4. Repeat the about step for different inlet flow rates.
Observations:
m2
Observation table:
Sr.No.
Time (sec.)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Calculations:
Area of tank = / 4 d2
For step change input, H (t) = A x R (1-e-t/)
Q(s) m3/sec
H(t) Theoretical(cm.)
Resistance R = 1/ slope.
= A.R
Graph:
Results:
The time constant for first order system of Single tank liquid level system is. sec
Conclusion:
Chemicals:
Apparatus:
Theory:
Procedure: 1) Fill the water bath completely and heat it till it boils.
2) Note down the thermometer reading Y(s) and insert it in to water bath.
3) Record the thermometer reading Y (t) after every 5 second for either positive.
Or negative step change.
Observation table:
Calculations: Time
Time t in (sec)
Y(t)
Y(t)/A
constant, = m c / h A
Conclusion:
Chemicals: Std.
Apparatus:
solution having pH of 4, 7, 9.
Theory: