407 Swift Interoperability in Depth

Tools
Swift Interoperability in Depth
Session 407
Doug Gregor
Engineer, Swift Compiler Team
2014 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Redistribution or public display not permitted without written permission from Apple.
#WWDC14
Introduction
Swift is a new language for Cocoa
Seamless interoperability with Objective-C
Focus on language-level interoperability
Roadmap
Working with Cocoa
How Objective-C APIs look and feel in Swift
id and AnyObject
Bridging Core Cocoa Types

Subclassing Objective-C Classes
CF Interoperability
Working with Cocoa
Swift View of Objective-C APIs

Swift provides seamless access to Objective-C APIs

Swift view of an Objective-C API is different from Objective-C

Swift view of an Objective-C API is different from Objective-C
Same Cocoa conventions and idioms
Our Example: UIDocument

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIDocumentSaveOperation) {
UIDocumentSaveForCreating,
UIDocumentSaveForOverwriting
};
!
@interface UIDocument : NSObject

!
@property NSDate *fileModificationDate;

!
- (instancetype)initWithFileURL:(NSURL *)url;
!
- (NSString *)fileNameExtensionForType:(NSString *)typeName

saveOperation:(UIDocumentSaveOperation)saveOperation;
!
@end
Properties
Objective-C
Properties
Objective-C
Swift
var fileModificationDate: NSDate!
Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals


A value of class type in Swift is never nil


Optional types generalize the notion of nil
Intermediate Swift
Presidio
Wednesday 2:00PM


Objective-C does not have a notion of a never-nil pointer
Intermediate Swift
Presidio
Wednesday 2:00PM


Objective-C does not have a notion of a never-nil pointer
! is an implicitly unwrapped optional
Can be tested explicitly for nil
Can directly access properties/methods of the underlying value
Can be implicitly converted to its underlying value (e.g., NSDate)
Intermediate Swift
Presidio
Wednesday 2:00PM
Mapping Objective-C Types to Swift

Objective-C
@property (readonly) NSString *fileType;
Mapping Objective-C Types to Swift

Objective-C
@property (readonly) NSString *fileType;
Swift
var fileType: String! { get }
Objective-C Types in Swift

Objective-C Type
Swift Equivalent
BOOL
Bool
NSInteger
Int
SEL
Selector
id
AnyObject!
Class
AnyClass!
NSString *
String!
NSArray *
AnyObject[]!
Methods
Objective-C
Methods
Objective-C
Swift
func fileNameExtensionForType(typeName: String!,
saveOperation: UIDocumentSaveOperation) -> String!
Methods
Argument labels
Objective-C
Swift
Methods
Argument labels in calls
Objective-C
Swift
Usage
let ext = document.fileNameExtensionForType("public.presentation",
saveOperation: UIDocumentSaveOperation.ForCreating)
Methods
Objective-C
- (void)saveToURL:(NSURL *)url
forSaveOperation:(UIDocumentSaveOperation)saveOperation
completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL success))completionHandler;
Methods
Objective-C
Swift
func saveToURL(url: NSURL!,
forSaveOperation saveOperation: UIDocumentSaveOperation,
completionHandler: ((success: Bool) -> Void)!)
Methods
Argument labels and internal parameter names
Objective-C
Swift
Methods
Argument labels and internal parameter names
Objective-C
Swift
Methods
Blocks and closures
Objective-C
Swift
Methods
Swift
Methods
Trailing closure syntax
Swift
Methods
Trailing closure syntax
Swift
Usage
document.saveToURL(documentURL,
saveOperation: UIDocumentSaveOperation.ForCreating) {
success in
if success { } else { }
Initializers
Objective-C
Initializers
Objective-C
Swift
init(fileURL url: NSURL!)
Initializers
Objective-C
Swift
Initializers
Objective-C
Swift
Initializers
Objective-C
Swift
Creating Objects
Objective-C
UIDocument *document = [[UIDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:documentURL];
Creating Objects
Objective-C
UIDocument *document = [[UIDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:documentURL];
Swift
let document = UIDocument(fileURL: documentURL)
Factory Methods
Objective-C
+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

blue:(CGFloat)blue alpha:(CGFloat)alpha;
Factory Methods
Objective-C

UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.67 blue:0.04 alpha:0];
Factory Methods
Objective-C

Swift
class func colorWithRed(red: CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat,
alpha: CGFloat) -> UIColor!
Factory Methods
Objective-C

Swift
class func colorWithRed(red: CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat,
alpha: CGFloat) -> UIColor!
let color = UIColor.colorWithRed(1, green: 0.67, blue: 0.04, alpha: 0)
Factory Methods as Initializers

Objective-C

Swift
init(red:
CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat, alpha: CGFloat)
Factory Methods as Initializers

Objective-C

Swift
init(red:
let
CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat, alpha: CGFloat)
color = UIColor(red: 1, green: 0.67, blue: 0.04, alpha: 0)
Enums
Objective-C

};
Enums
Objective-C

};
Enums
Objective-C
};
Swift
enum UIDocumentSaveOperation : Int {
case ForCreating
case ForOverwriting
Swift
case ForCreating
case ForOverwriting
Usage
saveOperation:
Using Enums
Swift
case ForCreating
case ForOverwriting
Usage
saveOperation: UIDocumentSaveOperation .ForCreating)
Using Enums
Swift
case ForCreating
case ForOverwriting
Usage
saveOperation: .ForCreating)
NSError
Objective-C
- (id)contentsForType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError;
NSError
Objective-C
Swift
func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!
Swift
Using NSError
Swift
Using NSError
Swift
Usage
var error: NSError?
if let contents = document.contentsForType("public.presentation",
error: &error) {
// use the contents
}
Using NSError
Swift
Usage
var error: NSError?
if let contents = document.contentsForType("public.presentation",
error: &error) {
// use the contents
} else if let actualError = error {
// handle error
}
Modernizing Your Objective-C

These rules apply to all Objective-C APIs imported into Swift
Swift benefits greatly from modern Objective-C:
Properties
instancetype
NS_ENUM / NS_OPTIONS
NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER

Properties
instancetype

Properties
instancetype
Whats New in LLVM
Marina
Wednesday 9:00AM
id and AnyObject
id in Objective-C
Upcasts
id object = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"http://developer.apple.com"];
object = view.superview;
id in Objective-C
Upcasts
Message sends
[object removeFromSuperview];
id in Objective-C
Upcasts
Message sends
Subscripting
id date = object[@"date"];
AnyObject: An Object of Any Type

Upcasts
Message sends
Subscripting

Upcasts
var object: AnyObject = NSURL(string: "http://developer.apple.com")
object = view.superview
Message sends
Subscripting

Upcasts
Message sends
object.removeFromSuperview()
Subscripting

Upcasts
Message sends
object.removeFromSuperview()
Subscripting
let date = object["date"]
respondsToSelector Idiom
Messaging id or AnyObject can result in unrecognized selector failures
respondsToSelector Idiom
Messaging id or AnyObject can result in unrecognized selector failures
respondsToSelector idiom to test the presence of a method

if ([object respondsToSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)]) {
}
Checking the Presence of a Method

A method of AnyObject is optional
object.removeFromSuperview ()
Checking the Presence of a Method

A method of AnyObject is optional
object.removeFromSuperview?
()
Chaining ? folds the respondsToSelector check into the call
Downcasting AnyObject
AnyObject does not implicitly downcast
let view: UIView = object
let view: UIView = object // error: AnyObject cannot be implicitly downcast
as operator forces the downcast

let view = object as UIView
as operator forces the downcast

let view = object as UIView
as? operator performs a conditional downcast
if let view = object as? UIView {
// view is a UIView
}
Protocols
Objective-C
@protocol UITableViewDataSource<NSObject>
@optional
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView;
@required
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView
numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section;
@end
Protocols
Objective-C
@optional
@required
@end
Swift
@objc protocol UITableViewDataSource : NSObjectProtocol {
func tableView(tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection: Int) -> Int
@optional func numberOfSectionsInTableView(tableView: UITableView) -> Int
}
Protocols
Objective-C
@optional
@required
@end
Swift
}
Protocols
Objective-C
@optional
@required
@end
Swift
}
Protocol Types
Objective-C
@property id <UITableViewDataSource> dataSource;
Protocol Types
Objective-C
Swift
var dataSource: UITableViewDataSource!
Testing Protocol Conformance

Downcast via as? to protocol type
if let dataSource = object as? UITableViewDataSource {
let rowsInFirstSection = dataSource.tableView(tableView,
numberOfRowsInSection: 0)
}
Protocol Types
Objective-C
@property
id <UINavigationControllerDelegate,
UIImagePickerControllerDelegate> delegate;
Swift
var dataSource: UITableViewDataSource!
var delegate: protocol<UINavigationControllerDelegate,
UIImagePickerControllerDelegate>
Number of Rows in the Last Section

var lastSection = 0
let numSections = dataSource.numberOfSectionsInTableView (tableView)
lastSection = numSections - 1
let rowsInLastSection = dataSource.tableView(tableView,

numberOfRowsInSection: lastSection)
Optional Methods in Protocols

var lastSection = 0


var lastSection = 0
// error: method is optional


Use the chaining ? operator
var lastSection = 0


var lastSection = 0
if let numSections = dataSource.numberOfSectionsInTableView?(tableView) {
}
}

var lastSection = 0
if let numSections = dataSource.numberOfSectionsInTableView?(tableView) {
}
}
Advanced Swift
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM
Optionals and Safety

AnyObject is Swifts equivalent to id
Similar functionality, more safe by default

AnyClass
is Swifts equivalent to Class

AnyObject is Swifts equivalent to id
Similar functionality, more safe by default

AnyClass
is Swifts equivalent to Class
Optionals used throughout the language to represent dynamic checks

as?
for safe downcasting, protocol conformance checking
Optionals when referring to methods that may not be available

if let
and chaining ? make optionals easy to use
Bridging Core Cocoa Types
Native Strings, Arrays, Dictionaries

One set of general-purpose native value types
Safe by default
Predictable performance
Typed collections support items of any type
!
Bridged to Cocoa NSString, NSArray, NSDictionary

!
Native String Type

String is an efficient, Unicode-compliant string type
Flexible, efficient, high-level APIs for string manipulation

Value semantics
Native String Type

String is an efficient, Unicode-compliant string type
Flexible, efficient, high-level APIs for string manipulation

Value semantics
var s1 = "Hello"
var s2 = s1
s1 += " Swift
println(s1)
Hello Swift
println(s2)
Hello
Characters
Iteration over a string produces characters
let dog = "Dog!"
for c in dog {
// c is inferred as Character
println(c)
}
Characters
Iteration over a string produces characters
let dog = "Dog!"
for c in dog {
// c is inferred as Character
println(c)
}
D
o
g
!
Characters and Code Points

Unicode characters cannot be efficiently encoded as fixed-width entities

Correct use of UTF-8 or UTF-16 requires deep knowledge of Unicode

Low-level operations (length, characterAtIndex) are not provided by String

countElements can be used to count the number of characters
let dog = "Dog!"

println("There are \(countElements(dog)) characters in `\(dog)")

countElements can be used to count the number of characters
let dog = "Dog!"

println("There are \(countElements(dog)) characters in `\(dog)")
// There are 5 characters in `Dog!
Code Points
UTF-16 is available via a property
for codePoint in dog.utf16 { // codePoint is inferred as UInt16
//
}
print("There are \(countElements(dog.utf16)) UTF-16 code points in `\(dog)")
Code Points
UTF-16 is available via a property
for codePoint in dog.utf16 { // codePoint is inferred as UInt16
//
}
print("There are \(countElements(dog.utf16)) UTF-16 code points in `\(dog)")

// There are 6 UTF-16 code points in `Dog!
String and NSString

Foundation NSString APIs are available on String
let fruits = "apple;banana;cherry".componentsSeparatedByString(";")
String and NSString

// inferred as String[]
String and NSString

Cast to NSString to access properties and methods on NSString categories

("Welcome to WWDC 2014" as NSString).myNSStringMethod()
String and NSString

Cast to NSString to access properties and methods on NSString categories

("Welcome to WWDC 2014" as NSString).myNSStringMethod()
Extend String with your method
extension String {
func myStringMethod() -> String { }
}
NSArray Bridges to Array of AnyObject

Objective-C
@property NSArray *toolbarItems;
NSArray Bridges to Array of AnyObject

Objective-C
@property NSArray *toolbarItems;
Swift
var toolbarItems: AnyObject[]!
Upcasting Arrays
An array T[] can be assigned to an AnyObject[]
let myToolbarItems: UIBarButtonItem[] = [item1, item2, item3]

controller.toolbarItems = myToolbarItems
Downcasting Arrays
Iteration over an AnyObject[] produces AnyObject values
for object: AnyObject in viewController.toolbarItems {

let item = object as UIBarButtonItem
//
}
Downcasting Arrays
Iteration over an AnyObject[] produces AnyObject values
for object: AnyObject in viewController.toolbarItems {
let item = object as UIBarButtonItem
//
}
Can downcast AnyObject[] to an array of a specific type

for item in viewController.toolbarItems as UIBarButtonItem[] {
//
}
Array BridgingUnder the Hood

Swift array has two representations
T[]

Native
T[]
length capacity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Native
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object

Native
T[]
Cocoa
Array methods manage the representation internally
NSArray object

Native
T[]
Cocoa
Array methods manage the representation internally
Bridging converts between NSArray and a Swift array
NSArray object
NSArray Swift Array Bridging

Returning an NSArray* from an Objective-C method to Swift
let items: AnyObject[] = viewController.toolbarItems

Native
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object

Native
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object
Calls copy() to ensure the array wont change underneath us

Native
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object
Calls copy() to ensure the array wont change underneath us

For immutable NSArrays, this operation is trivial
T[] NSArray Bridging

Passing a Swift array to an Objective-C method expecting an NSArray*
viewController.toolbarItems = myToolbarItems

Passing a T[] to an Objective-C method expecting an NSArray*
Native
isa
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object

Passing a T[] to an Objective-C method expecting an NSArray*
Native
isa length capacity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
T[]
Cocoa
NSArray object
Native array representation isa NSArray, optimized
Subclassing Objective-C Classes
Swift Objects Are Objective-C Objects

All Swift classes are id compatible
Same layout as an Objective-C class
Same basic infrastructure (retain/release/class/etc.)
Swift Objects Are Objective-C Objects

All Swift classes are id compatible
Same layout as an Objective-C class
Same basic infrastructure (retain/release/class/etc.)
Inherit from an Objective-C class to make your class directly visible in Objective-C
class MyDocument : UIDocument {
var items: String[] = []
}
Overriding Methods
override keyword required when overriding a method
override func handleError(error: NSError!, userInteractionPermitted: Bool) {
// customized behavior
super.handleError(error,
userInteractionPermitted: userInteractionPermitted)
}
Overriding Properties
Override the property itself, not the getter or setter
override var description: String {
}
return "MyDocument containing \(items)"
Overriding and NSError**

NSErrorPointer is Swifts version of NSError**
override func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer)
-> AnyObject! {
if cannotProduceContentsForType(typeName) {
if error {
error.memory = NSError(domain: domain, code: code, userInfo: [:])
}
return nil
}
//
}
Your Swift Class

Swift
class MyDocument : UIDocument {
var items: String[] = []
override func handleError(error: NSError, userInteractionPermitted: Bool)
override var description: String
override func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer)

-> AnyObject!
}
Your Swift Classin Objective-C

Objective-C
SWIFT_CLASS("_TtC5MyApp10MyDocument")
@interface MyDocument : UIDocument
@property (nonatomic) NSArray *items;
- (void)handleError:(NSError *)error
userInteractionPermitted:(BOOL)userInteractionPermitted;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *description;

@end

Objective-C

@end

Objective-C
// Swift: var
items: String[] = []

@end

Objective-C

@end

Objective-C
// usually written MyApp.MyDocument

@end
Limitations of Objective-C
Swift has advanced features that arent expressible in Objective-C
Tuples
Generics
Enums and structs
func
myGenericMethod<T>(x: T) -> (String, String) { }
Limitations of Objective-C
Swift has advanced features that arent expressible in Objective-C
Tuples
Generics
Enums and structs
@objc
func myGenericMethod<T>(x: T) -> (String, String) { }

// error: not expressible in Objective-C
objc attribute verifies that the declaration can be used in Objective-C
Controlling Objective-C Names

objc attribute can be used to change the name of an Objective-C method
var enabled: Bool {

get { }
set { }
}

var enabled: Bool {
// property is named enabled
get { }
// getter is named enabled
set { }
// setter is named setEnabled:

var enabled: Bool {
@objc(isEnabled) get { }
// getter is named isEnabled
set { }

var enabled: Bool {
@objc(isEnabled) get { }
// getter is named isEnabled
set { }
}
Or the name of a class

@objc(ABCMyDocument) class MyDocument : UIDocument {
//
}
CF Interoperability
CF in Objective-C
void drawGradientRect(CGContextRef context, CGColorRef startColor,
CGColorRef endColor, CGFloat width, CGFloat height) {
CF in Objective-C
CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
NSArray *colors = @[(__bridge id)startColor, (__bridge id)endColor];
CGFloat locations[2] = {0.0, 1.0};
CGGradientRef gradient = CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorSpace,
(CFArrayRef)colors, locations);
CF in Objective-C
Bridge casts
CF in Objective-C
Three kinds of arrays
CF in Objective-C
!
CGPoint startPoint = CGPointMake(width / 2, 0);

CGPoint endPoint = CGPointMake(width / 2, height);
CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient, startPoint, endPoint, 0);
!
CF in Objective-C
Manual memory management
!
CGPoint startPoint = CGPointMake(width / 2, 0);

CGPoint endPoint = CGPointMake(width / 2, height);
CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient, startPoint, endPoint, 0);
!
CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
CGGradientRelease(gradient);
CF in Swift
func drawGradientRect(context: CGContext, startColor: CGColor,
endColor: CGColor, width: CGFloat, height: CGFloat) {
Managed CF Objects
let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
Managed CF Objects
let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB() // inferred as CGColorSpace
Managed CF Objects
let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB() // inferred as CGColorSpace
// colorSpace automatically released
Toll-Free Bridging Conversions

let gradient = CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorSpace,
[startColor, endColor],
[0.0, 1.0])
C Interoperability

[0.0, 1.0])
Construction of C Structs
[0.0, 1.0])
let startPoint = CGPoint(x: width / 2, y: 0)

let endPoint = CGPoint(x: width / 2, y: height)
CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient, startPoint, endPoint, 0)
Explicitly Bridged APIs
Some CF APIs have not been audited for implicit bridging

CGColorRef CGColorGetRandomColor(void);
Explicitly Bridged APIs

Some CF APIs have not been audited for implicit bridging
Swift uses Unmanaged<T> when the ownership convention is unknown

func CGColorGetRandomColor() -> Unmanaged<CGColor>
Working with Unmanaged Objects

Unmanaged<T> enables manual memory management
struct Unmanaged<T: AnyObject> {
func takeUnretainedValue() -> T
func takeRetainedValue() -> T
// for +0 returns
// for +1 returns

// for +0 returns
// for +1 returns
Advanced Swift
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM

// for +0 returns
// for +1 returns
Use it to work with unaudited CF APIs

let color = CGColorGetRandomColor().takeUnretainedValue()
Advanced Swift
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM

// for +0 returns
// for +1 returns

// inferred as CGColor
Advanced Swift
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM

// for +0 returns
// for +1 returns
func retain() -> Unmanaged<T>

func release()
func autorelease() -> Unmanaged<T>

// inferred as CGColor
Advanced Swift
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM
Implicit Bridging
Audit CF APIs to ensure that conform to CF memory conventions

Implicit Bridging
CF_IMPLICIT_BRIDGING_ENABLED
CF_IMPLICIT_BRIDGING_DISABLED

Implicit Bridging
CF_IMPLICIT_BRIDGING_ENABLED
CF_IMPLICIT_BRIDGING_DISABLED
Implicit bridging eliminates Unmanaged<T>

func CGColorGetRandomColor() -> CGColor
Summary
Seamless interoperability between Swift and Objective-C
Let the tools help you understand the relationship
Bridging of Core Cocoa types

Prefer native strings, arrays, dictionaries
Automated CF memory management
More Information
Dave DeLong
Developer Tools Evangelist
delong@apple.com
Documentation
Using Swift with Cocoa and Objective-C
http://apple.com
Apple Developer Forums
http://devforums.apple.com
Related Sessions
Intermediate
Swift
Advanced
Swift
Integrating Swift with Objective-C
Presidio
Wednesday 9:00AM
Presidio
Wednesday 2:00PM
Presidio
Thursday 11:30AM
Labs
Swift
Swift
Swift
Swift
Tools Lab A
Thursday 9:00AM
Tools Lab A
Thursday 2:00PM
Tools Lab A
Friday 9:00AM
Tools Lab A
Friday 2:00PM

407 Swift Interoperability in Depth

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407 Swift Interoperability in Depth

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Tools

Swift Interoperability in Depth

Bridging Core Cocoa Types

Working with Cocoa

Swift View of Objective-C APIs

Swift View of Objective-C APIs

Swift View of Objective-C APIs

Our Example: UIDocument

@interface UIDocument : NSObject

@property NSDate *fileModificationDate;

- (NSString *)fileNameExtensionForType:(NSString *)typeName

@property NSDate *fileModificationDate;

@property NSDate *fileModificationDate;

Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals

Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals

A value of class type in Swift is never nil

Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals

A value of class type in Swift is never nil

Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals

A value of class type in Swift is never nil

Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals

A value of class type in Swift is never nil

Mapping Objective-C Types to Swift

@property (readonly) NSString *fileType;

Mapping Objective-C Types to Swift

@property (readonly) NSString *fileType;

Objective-C Types in Swift

init(fileURL url: NSURL!)

UIDocument *document = [[UIDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:documentURL];

UIDocument *document = [[UIDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:documentURL];

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.67 blue:0.04 alpha:0];

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.67 blue:0.04 alpha:0];

Factory Methods as Initializers

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.67 blue:0.04 alpha:0];

CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat, alpha: CGFloat)

Factory Methods as Initializers

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green

UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:1 green:0.67 blue:0.04 alpha:0];

CGFloat, green: CGFloat, blue: CGFloat, alpha: CGFloat)

color = UIColor(red: 1, green: 0.67, blue: 0.04, alpha: 0)

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIDocumentSaveOperation) {

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIDocumentSaveOperation) {

- (id)contentsForType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError;

- (id)contentsForType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError;

func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!

func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!

func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!

func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!

func contentsForType(typeName: String!, error: NSErrorPointer) -> AnyObject!

Modernizing Your Objective-C

Modernizing Your Objective-C

Modernizing Your Objective-C

Whats New in LLVM

AnyObject: An Object of Any Type

AnyObject: An Object of Any Type

AnyObject: An Object of Any Type

AnyObject: An Object of Any Type

respondsToSelector idiom to test the presence of a method

Checking the Presence of a Method

- (NSString )fileNameExtensionForType:(NSString )typeName