Importance of Geometry in different fields

Geometry in Sports
Geometrical shapes are quite common in sports. We are all familiar with the rectangular football field that is divided by
parallel lines marking the 10 yard increments. A similar field is used in soccer, field hockey and lacrosse just to mention
a few. The basketball court is also a rectangle decorated with circles and arcs that each has a meaning within the game.
Of course, most sports also use a sphere that is called a ball. They vary in size, hardness, density and can be hurled or
hit at different speeds. These different types of spheres have a major impact in defining how the game is played.
However, I would like to spend some extra time pointing out the geometry of the American pastime, baseball. The
baseball diamond is in reality a square with the bases sitting on the four corners. First, second and third are padded
squares used for tagging up, tagging to force outs or touching as being passed. Home plate is a pentagon and the strike
zone is an imaginary rectangle above home plate that the pitcher tries to hit as the ball passes over the plate so that the
umpire will call a strike when the batter does not hit the ball. The pitcher delivers his throws from another small
rectangle called the pitchers mound. The rays defined by the home plate and either first base or third base also define
the area that is consider legal or fair territory.
The catcher plays behind the home plate pentagon while the batter stands in a rectangle on either side of home plate in
an area referred to as the batters box. The infield defense play in the infield lanes that are formed by the bases and an
arc that encloses the base running area. The outfield defense plays in the grassy area beyond the infield that is enclosed
by a wall that forms a bigger arc that is hundreds of feet from home plate where the batter is attempting to hit the
ball. The total area within this conical shape creates more space than can be easily covered by the defense allowing for
hits that are not home runs which is a hit over the far arcs walls.

Thus the playing field for the game of baseball is made up of pentagons, rectangles, squares, and arcs defined for the
play with special sphere, the baseball. The throwing, catching and hitting of that sphere, or ball, defines the skill that is
needed to play the game of baseball.
The Importance of Geometry in Architecture and Engineering
Geometry is an important curriculum in mathematics. High school students may not be able to realize its
importance but is has many practical applications, most especially in engineering and architecture.
Geometry is a subject in mathematics that deals with size, shape, and the relative position of figures and the
associated space. An object, as well as a spaces, property, such as volume and strength, is computed using the
principles of geometry. Much of what we see around us employs the use of geometry. The world around us is
composed much of geometric figures. This is most evident in architecture.
Most architectural designs are composed of a series of geometric figures. These designs were not made by accidence.
Complex computations were necessary to come up with the designs and some geometric figures were not only
designed for aesthetic purposes but served some functions as well. Even buildings themselves are a product of
geometric functions, as according to one geometry honor student from Boca Raton Community High School: if you
didnt have geometry you wouldnt be able to build a building (Jenkins, 2006).
Even ancient people have used principles of geometry to provide us with some of the most fascinating works. Stoneage people from Europe, for example, used advanced geometry to design and build the Stonehenge. Ancient
Egyptians could not have built the pyramids without proper knowledge of geometry. The Greeks Parthenon displays
the use of a Golden Rectangle, considered to be the perfect geometric figure.

If geometry is very useful in architecture, how much more use would it have in engineering? Even the simplest gears
used in machines were based on the principles of geometry. We may not be able to realize the importance of
geometry in itself, but when applied with concepts of higher mathematics, we see that it is an important foundation of
math, especially in the fields of architecture and engineering.

Art and Geometry

What is art? Well, everyone asked this question would have a different answer, because we all have different
likes and dislikes. Each and every culture in the world evaluates art and how it relates aesthetically to their
surroundings and/or beliefs. Aesthetic understanding of an artwork is the combination of the ability to see,
interpret, and evaluate it. Therefore, one person might have a different viewpoint of an artwork than someone
from another culture.
In history, the Greeks were believed to be the supreme culture. However, William M. Ivins, Jr. studied the art
of the Greeks and also their geometry. In his book, "Art and Geometry: A Study in Spatial Intuitions," Ivins
creates a controversial study to the above myth. According to Ivins, the Greeks were "tactile minded,"
meaning that they created works of art that were perceived through the sense of touch. The Greeks "tactile"
world view is visible in their art by the lack of motion, emotional and spiritual qualities.
Ivins goes on to say that the Greeks form of art was the result of not completely understanding the laws of
perspective. So, what is meant by "the laws of perspective?" Well, to put it simply, it means the proper
technique for representing a three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional surface.
Artists of the Renaissance period were the first to be successful in perspective. In 1636, a man named Girard
Desargues introduced his "perspective ladder." This was used by artists as a tool for bringing perspective to
their work.
o