BASIC ENGLISH LESSON

by Abd. Hannan Ichsan, S.Pd.

I.

Personal, Possessive dan Reflexive Pronouns

(Kata Ganti Orang, Kepunyaan dan Refleksif)
Subject

Object

I
You
We
They
You
He
She
It

me
you
us
them
you
him
her
it

Possessive
Adjectives
my
your
our
their
your
his
her
its

Possessive
Pronouns
mine
yours
ours
theirs
yours
his
hers
-

Reflexive
Pronouns
myself
yourself
ourselves
themselves
yourselves
himself
herself
itself

Dalam pemakaiannya sehari-hari kata ganti orang, kata ganti kepunyaan dan kata ganti refleksif saling berkaitan
satu sama lain, dan masing-masing mempunyai bentuk yang berbeda.
Contoh:
Personal Pronouns:
Subjects:
Objects:
I
have a new car.
Mariza gives me a book.
You
have a new car.
Mariza gives you a book.
We
have a new car.
Mariza gives us a book.
They have a new car.
Mariza gives them a book.
He
has a new car.
Mariza gives him a book.
She
has a new car.
Mariza gives her a book.
It
has a short tail.
Mariza gives it a carrot.
Sekarang bandingkanlah dengan bentuk kepunyaan di bawah ini:
Possessive Case:
Possessive Adjectives:
Possessive Pronouns:
This is my book.
This book is mine.
This is your book.
This book is yours.
This is our book.
This book is ours.
This is their book.
This book is theirs.
This is Tonos book.
This book is Tonos.
This is his book.
This book is his.
This is Rinas book.
This book is Rinas.
This is her book.
This book is hers.
This is schools book.
This book is schools.
Notes:
1. Possessive Adjectives adalah bentuk kata sifat yang menerangkan tentang kepunyaan.
Contoh: This is my book. Kata my menerangkan kata benda book. Bandingkan:
Mariza is a beautiful girl. Kata beautiful menerangkan kata benda girl.
Jadi kata my dan beautiful keduanya merupakan Kata Sifat (Adjectives).
2. This book is mine sebetulnya kalimat ini berasal dari kata This book is my book.
Untuk menghindari pemakaian kata yang sama secara berulang, maka kata my book digantikan dengan kata
mine. Jadi kata mine berfungsi sebagai Kata Ganti Benda (Pronouns). Karena kata mine juga
menunjukkan Kepunyaan maka disebut pula sebagai Kata Ganti Empunya atau Possessive
Pronouns.
Bandingkalah!
This car is my car.
menjadi
This car is mine. dapat disingkat (This is mine).
That pencil is her pencil.
menjadi
That pencil is hers. (That is hers).
3. This is Tonos book.
Bentuk kepunyaan dapat juga dinyatakan dengan menggunakan s (Apostrophe = Tanda koma di atas + s)
yang diletakkan di belakang pemilik bendanya. Tetapi jika pemilik benda kebetulan sudah berakhiran s
maka kita tinggal menambahkan Apostrophe = Tanda koma di atas saja.
Contoh:
- This is the book of Tono.
menjadi
This is Tonos book.
- That is the car of Mr. Idrus.
menjadi
That is Mr. Idrus car.
- These are the books of the students.
menjadi
These are the students books.
4. Reflexive Pronouns
Kata ganti Refleksif mempunyai tiga kegunaan utama, yakni:
1. Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mengenai diri sendiri (Reflexive Use).
Contoh:
- I look at myself in the mirror.
- He killed himself with a pistol.

- She likes to talk about herself.

- Etc.

2. Untuk mengeraskan arti, dengan menempatkan kata ganti reklesif langsung di belakang
pokok kalimat. (Emphatic Use).
Contoh:
- Mr. Susilo himself will open the meeting. (Pak Susilo sendiri akan membuka rapat itu).
- I myself have completed my work.
- They themselves do not know about this matter.
- Etc.
3. By ...self = alone
Kata self yang didahului oleh kata depan by mempunyai pengertian alone yang berarti
sendirian.
Contoh:
- I do not like to sleep alone.
(I do not like to sleep by myself).
- She lives alone in that big house.
(She lives by herself in that big house).
- Etc.
Exercises:
A. Use the right personal pronoun for the words in italics!
Example: - Romeo loves Juliet.
- He loves her.
1. Mr. and Mrs. Abdul came to the party.
2. Nobody likes to go with that man.
3. Tina went to a library yesterday.
4. I love my father and mother very much.
5. You and I have to study very hard.
B. Choose the correct word from those in the brackets!
Exempli gratia: - I like (he, him, his) very much.
- I like him very much.
1. We come here together with (she, her, hers).
2. I know (they, their, them) very well.
3. Go and see (he, his, him) right away!
4. There are some letters for you and (I, me).
5. (They, their, them) always come on time.
C. Change into possessive using apostrophe + s for the words in italics!
e.g.: - This is the book of Joko.
- This is Jokos book.
1. That is the father of Idris.
2. I am the nephew of Mr. Arifin.
3. The hair of my mother looks beautiful.
4. I really do not know that you are the son of Mr. Rais.
5. What is the name of your brother?
6. The dresses of those girls are nice.
7. The name of my brother-in-law is Wawan.
8. I am invited to the club of the women.
9. The hats of those women look beautiful.
10. The cover of my book is red.
D. Choose the correct possessive form from the words in the brackets!
e.g.: - This book is (I, me, my, mine).
- This book is mine.
1. It is none of (yours, you, your) business.
2. What is (she, her, hers) telephone number?
3. Take (her, hers, she) and give it to me!
4. One of (us, ours, our) friends is there.
5. (Our, ours, us) is better than (you, your, yours).
6. He is a friend of (I, me, my, mine).
7. Rini and all (hers, her, she) friends are beautiful.
8. You can use (me, mine, my) car and Ill use (she, her, hers).
9. You and I have to prepare (us, our, we, ours) lessons seriously.
10. (They, theirs, their, them) teacher will give an examination next week.
E. Translate into good English!

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Saya menyukai saran-saran mereka.

Mobil Tono lebih murah dari pada kepunyaanku.
Rini menggosok giginya setiap hari.
Itu kuda saya. Ekornya panjang.
Gadis itu memberikan alamatnya kepadaku.