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CHAPTER 2
2.0 in.
P
1.5 in.
sx
P
2
2A
1.5 in.
3.0 in.2
42,000 lb
P
A
P 3.0 kNA
d 2
4
P
A
tmax
sx
P
2
2A
P
3.0 kN
or50 MPa
2A
d2
(2)
allow 50 MPa
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P = 3.0 kN
SECTION 2.6
Solution 2.6-3
123
8 in.
4 in.
2.5 in.
tmax
8 in.
4 in.
2.5 in.
sx
P
2
2A
P
orPmax 2Atult
2A
P
A
24,000 lb
tmax
d 2.42 mm
A
d2
4.60 mm2
4
allow 60 MPa
sx 1 T
B E(T )R
2
2 A
T
2tmax TA
tmax tallow
E
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124
CHAPTER 2
1
d
in.
16
A
tmax
d2
4
(Eq. 1)
10.6 106/F
E 15 106 psi
2tmax TA
tmax tallow
E
Substitute numerical values:
T
sx 1 T
B E(T )R
2
2 A
0.003068 in.2
T 60.2F
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d = 12 mm
P = 9.5 kN
SECTION 2.6
Solution 2.6-6
125
P = 9.5 kN
9,000
= 45
P 9.5 kN
9,000
9,000
9,000
9,000
P
9.5 kN
sx
84.0 MPa
A 4 (12 mm) 2
sx
42.0 MPa
2
2 in.
T
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126
CHAPTER 2
Solution 2.6-7
Tension test
2 in.
T
Strain: e
0.00120 in.
0.00060
L
2 in.
tmax
sx
9,000 psi
2
9,000
9,000
= 45
y
9,000
9,000
9,000
9,000
45
A
105
T 50C (Increase)
105
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5 MPa
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= 45
E 120 GPa
52.5
52.5
17.5 106/C
tmax
52.5
SECTION 2.6
Problem 2.6-9 A compression member in a bridge truss is fabricated from a wide-flange steel section (see figure). The
cross-sectional area A 7.5 in.2 and the axial load P 90 k.
P
Determine the normal and shear stresses acting on all faces of
stress elements located in the web of the beam and oriented at (a) an
angle 0, (b) an angle 30, and (c) an angle 45. In each
case, show the stresses on a sketch of a properly oriented element.
Solution 2.6-9
3.0
P
90 k
A
7.5 in.2
9.0
5.2
y
= 30
3.0
9.0
(a) 0
5.2
12.0 ksi
0
(c) 45
x cos2 (12.0 ksi)(cos 45)2 6.0 ksi
x sin cos (12.0 ksi)(sin 45) (cos 45)
(b) 30
6.0 ksi
6.0
6.0
9.0 ksi
x sin cos (12.0 ksi)(sin 30)(cos 30)
5.2 ksi
30 90 120
6.0
= 45
6.0
y
6.0
x
6.0
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127
128
CHAPTER 2
P = 170 N
100 mm
300 mm
Plastic bar
d = 30 mm
Solution 2.6-10
100 mm
300 mm
P = 170 N
Plastic bar
d = 30 mm
FREE-BODY DIAGRAM
340 kPa
141
P = 170 N
100 mm
340
300 mm
0
821
d = 30 mm
sx
141
(c) 45
F
680 N
2
A
4 (30 mm)
(a) 0
962 kPa
y
0
= 22.5
340
F 4P 4(170 N)680 N
821
962 kPa
0
481
(b) 22.5
481
481
y
481
= 45
x
481
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SECTION 2.6
Solution 2.6-11
q
Probs. 2.6-11 and 2.6-12
Temperature increase:
x
784
1150 1700
y
psi)(cos2)
1700 psi
0.6844
2484 psi
cos 0.8273
ANGLE TO PLANE pq
cos2
784 psi
0
1700
= 34.18
1150
784
34.18
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129
130
CHAPTER 2
Problem 2.6-12 A copper bar is held snugly (but without any initial
stress) between rigid supports (see figure). The allowable stresses on the
inclined plane pq, for which 55, are specified as 60 MPa in
compression and 30 MPa in shear.
(a) What is the maximum permissible temperature rise T if the
allowable stresses on plane pq are not to be exceeded? (Assume
17 106/C and E 120 GPa.)
(b) If the temperature increases by the maximum permissible amount,
what are the stresses on plane pq?
Solution 2.6-12
17 106/C
T 31.3C
E 120 GPa
Plane pq: 55
x 63.85 MPa
x 182.4 MPa
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p
q
SECTION 2.6
Solution 2.6-13
n
= 54
sx
6000 psi
sallow
2
cos u (cos 54) 2
17,370 psi
36
(3)
90 54
P 6000 lb
sx `
A
d2
4
3,000 psi
tallow
`
sin ucos u
(sin 54)(cos 54)
6,310 psi
(4)
ALLOWABLE STRESS
IN THE BRASS
131
x 6310 psi
DIAMETER OF BAR
sx
2
A
P
6000 lb
0.951 in.2
sx 6310 psi
A
d2
4A
4A
d2 dmin
4
B
x 2 allow
13,000 psi
(2)
Problem 2.6-14 Two boards are joined by gluing along a scarf joint,
as shown in the figure. For purposes of cutting and gluing, the angle
between the plane of the joint and the faces of the boards must be
between 10 and 40. Under a tensile load P, the normal stress in the
boards is 4.9 MPa.
(a) What are the normal and shear stresses acting on the glued
joint if 20?
(b) If the allowable shear stress on the joint is 2.25 MPa, what
is the largest permissible value of the angle ?
(c) For what angle will the shear stress on the glued joint be
numerically equal to twice the normal stress on the joint?
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P
132
CHAPTER 2
Solution 2.6-14
y
P
x
10 40
33.34 or
90
56.66 or
33.3
Note: If is between 10 and 33.3,
=
90 a
90 70
x cos2 (4.9 MPa)(cos 70)2
0.57 MPa
(c)
WHAT IS
if 2?
1
sin 2u
2
|| x cos2
tu
` 2
su
or
tan 2
63.43 90
a 26.6
NOTE: For 26.6 and 63.4, we find
0.98 MPa and 1.96 MPa.
Thus, `
tu
` 2 as required.
su
33.34
56.66
113.31
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SECTION 2.6
Problem 2.6-15 Acting on the sides of a stress element cut from a bar in
uniaxial stress are tensile stresses of 10,000 psi and 5,000 psi, as shown
in the figure.
5,000 psi
(a) Determine the angle and the shear stress and show all stresses
on a sketch of the element.
(b) Determine the maximum normal stress max and the maximum
shear stress max in the material.
10,000 psi
Solution 2.6-15
= 10,000 psi
5,000 psi
5,000 psi
sx 15,000 psi
10,000 psi
5,000
5,000 psi
10,000 psi
10,000 psi
su
cos2u
cos2u
(1)
7,070
10,000
5,000
sx sin2u
= 35.26
7,070
x cos2
sx
10,000
(2)
tmax
sx
7,500 psi
2
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133