Gao a AN ELEMENTARY TEXTBOOK NIGORA AZIMOVAUZBEK AN ELEMENTARY TEXTBOOK O’ZBEK TiLi Nigora Azimova© 2010 Georgetown University Press. Al rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. This textbook, as well as other language materials for Central Asian Languages produced by CeLCAR. is supported by a Title-VI grant from the Department of Education. Library of Congress Cataloging. in-Publication Data Azimova, Nigora. Uzbek : an elementary textbook / Nigora Azimova. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-58901-706-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Uzbek language—textbooks for foreign speakers-English. 2. Uzbek language-grammar. 3. Uzbek language~Spoken Uzbek. 4. Uzbek language--Sound recordings for English speakers. 1. Center for the Languages of the Central Asian region. I Title. PL56.1.A95 2010 494’ 32582421--de22 2010003705 ‘= This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the requirements of the American National ‘Standard for Permanence in Paper for Printed Library Materials. BUBRNW 98765432 First printing Printed in the United States of AmericaCONTENTS SCOPE AND SEQUEN ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PREFACI NOTE TO THE INSTRUCTOR NOTE TO THE STUDENT... AN INTRODUCTION TO UZBEK... c 3 blidectonon xix cuarter | O’ZBEK ALIFBOSI Uzbek Alphabet CHAPTER? YAXSHIMISIZ? Greetings and Farewell CHAPTER 3 ISMINGIZ NIMA? Introductions .. charrer+ BU KIM? U NIMA? Classroom Objects... chapters SHU ATROFDA MEHMONXONA BORMI? Commands and Requests ... 83 cuartens KUNDALIK ISHLAR Daily Routines... .. 103 cuarTeR?T OILANGIZ KATTAMI? Talking about the Family .. 133 cHapTER8 KIMGA O’XSHAYSIZ? Describing People and Things 155iv Contents Harter? KECHA NIMA QILDINGIZ? Talking about Age and Past Events .. 183 Harter }0 OLMA BORMI? NECHA PUL? Talking about Food.... 2u1 cuarter | RESTORANDA Ordering Food and Drinks 233 charter |2 XUSH KELIBSIZ, AZIZ MEHMON! Being a Host and Hosting a Guest cHvrrer 13 IQLIM VA FASL Talking about the Weather and Climate. cHapTER |¢ KIYIM-KECHAK Talking about Clothing. cuaprer '5 NIMA BEZOVTA QILYAPTI? Discussing Medical Matters ... CHAPTER 16 SAYOHAT Discussing Travel and Leisure... 359 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: TRANSCRIPTS 7 APPENDIXB:GRAMMATICALSUMMARY vse APPENDIXC:UZBEKCYRILLICREADER..... APPENDIXD:UZBEK-ENGLISHGLOSSARY wn. APPENDIXE:ENGLISH-UZBEKGLOSSARY. INDEX sn [26th Alb annnencSCOPE AND SEQUENCE = Information about the alphabet consonant and vowel Uzbek alphabet | sounds - Sounds with no English correspondence Stress in Uzbek - Greetings - Simple sentences Ps 4 -Leave-takings - Word order q - Personal pronouns Greetings - Personal predicate endings | - Interrogative particles -miand -< - Negation with emas 3. smingiz nima? _ - Introductions ~ Ablative case -dan —_|- Ethnic population of - mi - Telling where + Conjuctions: va, ham, | Uzbekistan you are from lekin, chunki - Uzbek dialects -Talkingabout | - Ending Salomat bo'f = Yoxshimisiz? bolting! xayr| Yaxshi, rahmnat. es sae Scrimiste? = Salom, Karimal - Salom, Lola, - Yaxshimisiz? - Yaxshi, rahmat. ~ Assalomu alaykum! - Vaalaykum assalom! ~ Mayli, xayr! - Xo'p, xayr! ~ Yaxshimisiz> ~ Yaxshi, rahmat. Xudoga shukur.Greetings and Farewells 21 2-mashq: “%y Using the vocabulary and pictures above, try to unscramble this dialogue, and Yaxshi, rahmat. then act it out with your classmate. | ___Ygalaykum assalom. — Yaxshimisiz? — Xayrl —— Assalomu ataykum. — Salomat bo'ting! Cultural Note When Clebek people Breet cach ohh oP ser shake harel, {uth he right han) when usually kiss each _ ed cee ee a ually $e om Seneh the 0 resins oa mee a renting ae 3-mashq: A. / Keeping in mind the cultural notes, write the greetings for the following situations. 41. You meet your friend's mother in the bazaar; greet 3. Your teacher asks if you are well; answer her: 4. You see a friend who is your age; greet him: 5. As you leave class, say goodbye to your Uzbek instructor:22. CHAPTER2 B. / Lookat the pictures of the people below. Assume you are going to greet them, Write the proper greeting for each, and tell how you will act when greeting them. Zt § Shs ‘C.J Compare your answers with a classmate. Did you come up with the same choices? If not, why might they differ?Grovtings and Farewells 23 Diggat, goida? | anguage Points! 1. Pronouns sen/siz (2nd-person singular)24 CHAPTER2 4-mashq: Use Uzbek pronouns while pointing out yourself, your instructor, and your classmates. Note: Before you start learning simple sentences in Uzbek, note that the Uzbek word order differs from that of English. The typical word order in an Uzbek sentence is subjecttobject+verb, whereas the typical word order in English is subject+verbtobject. ‘Men o’zbek tilini o’rganaman. lit: [ Uzbek language learn (I learn Uzbek). Sen talaba eding. lit: You student were (You were a student). (ee more on word order in Chapter 6) BR ea a scatac soretningaboue or st). This is best explained by studying the examples below. ae c Misollar - Examples Men kasalman. | am sick. Biz kasalmiz. We are sick. ‘Sen xursandsan. You are glad. Sizlar shifokorsizlar. You are doctors. Siz o'qituvchisiz. You are a teacher. _Ular kasallar. They are sick. U shifokor. She/he/it is a doctor. In contemporary (Jzbek, people use the Following words for'doctor’: the Russian loanword *vrach," the Tajik-Persian loanword “shifokor,” and the colloquial term “do'stir,” which is from the Russian loanword ‘doktor.Greetings and Farewells 25 Semashq: // Now that you recognize each ending, choose a word and say © something (it might be true or might not) about each of the pictures below. Namuna: Biz kasalmiz.6-mashg: Your Uzbek friend invites you and your friend to his house. His mother, who does not speak English, is talking to you. Respond to her. 1. You enter the house and see your friend’s mother. Greet her: 2. His mother asks if you are glad to be in Uzbekistan. Respond: 3. Your friend is sick and could not come, and your Uzbek friend’s mother ‘asks what happened to him. Respond: 4, When you are leaving, you see her and say: Note: In written Uzbek the suffix -dir is also added to a noun or an adjective that is being used as a predicate. The use of this suffix is very rare in spoken language. talabasan —_talabadirsan you are a student o'gituvchimiz o‘qituvchidirmiz we are teachers shifokorman — shifokordirman |. am a doctorGreetings and Farewells 27 3. The interrogative particles -mi and -chi You can turn a simple statement into a question by adding the suffix -mi. For men and biz, it is added after the personal endings. Biz baxtlimizmi? Are we happy? For sen, siz, sizlar, u and ular, -mi is added before the personal endings. Siz talabamisiz? Are you a student? (See below for more examples.) Remember that questions in Uzbek have either an interrogative pronoun (what, who, when, etc.) or the interrogative particle -mi. The suffix -chi is added to nouns and pronouns and forms an. abbreviated question. It is translated into English as what about? ‘Men talabaman, Siz-chi? / am a student. And what about you? Note that when you are asked a question and need to answer affirmatively, use the word Ha-Yes. For example: Kasalmisiz? Ha, kasalman. Are you sick? Yes, | am. When you need to answer negatively use the word Yo‘q-No. O'qituvchimisiz? Yo'q, o‘qituvchi emasman. Are you a teacher? No, | am not. ASS ar We ae Misollar: Kasalmisiz? Are you ill? Karima chiroylimi? 1s Karima pretty? Nozima va Alisher baxtlimi? Are Nozima and Alisher happy? Talabamisan? Are you a student? Xafamizmi? Are we sad? Ular xursandmi? Are they glad? O‘gituvchimanmi? ‘Am 1a teacher? 7-mashq: / » Next to each name write a short question using -mi and the words you learned. Follow the model. Namuna: Madonna: U chiroylimi? ‘Then work with your classmate and ask your questions. Listen to his/her answers. Albert Eynshtey Barak va Mishel Obama: Opra Vinfrey: Lens ArmstrongYou are not a student. Lola va Barno band emaslar. Lola and Barno are not busy. Laylo baxtti emas. Lalo isnot hapey. ‘Men o‘gituychi emasman. 1am not a teacher. We are not ill. 8-mashq: <2} Look at the pictures. Each person has the opposite quality of the one indicated. Describe them to your classmate.Cention oc i i Language in Use 9-mashq: “Sj Qandaysiz? Yaxshimisiz? Find out how everyone in your class is feeling today. Report to the class what you found. Follow the examples below: Ismi Lola = Lee90 CHAPTER2 Now summarize your survey. Who is feeling good? Who is feeling poorly? Model: Nik va Jek kasal. Anna band. 10-mashq: “Read the following conversations and fill in the blanks with sentences or words that you think are appropriate in this context. Talaba: Assalomu alaykum. Karime eS Talaba: Siz o‘qituvchimisiz? Karim: Mayli, xayr! Vaalaykum assalom. Aziz: | epee Erkak: Ha, men shifokorman. J1-mashq: / “5 With your classmate, make a conversation on the following scenarios, |. Your classmate looks ill. Ask if he/she is OK. 2. Student B looks tired. Ask your classmate about him. 4, Someone in your class is beautiful. Tell your classmate about him/her.Greetings and Farewells 31 1amashq: 7 Answer the following questions about the people you know. your grandmother: Kasalmi? your friends: Ular talabami? your boyfriend/girlfriend: _ Chiroylimi? your teacher: O’zbekmi? you: 13-mashq: \, >*Skim the following sentences that may appear in ads and decide in what situation you would most likely see or hear them. For each ad give a short title using the words and structures you have learned. sie nona oy avval Tosnntaing ‘runusobod manda “aoe” % restora Ishga tushirl. Bu Yyorda nafagee o'bek tata, alk Yevropa taomlart ham tayyorianad, Hozing acta vob, bu Toshkentaag ong yaxats redoranlardan bse ey vm Sana! teomlarcan bebremand Dollehn! itasang, “Bator” f resarenige masharat ging Newspapers, oumals, and other types of written media can be found in newspaper stands located at almost every bus stop.32. CHAPTER2 14-mashq: “Look at the pictures below. Make at least 2 statements for each photo using the adjectives you learned. Then present your ideas to your partner and listen to his/her description. ‘The following words can be useful while describing people. bu erkak- this man menimcha - in my opinion bu ayol - this woman sizningcha - in your opinion baquwvat - strong ‘yosh - young keksa - old hali ham - stillGreetings and Farewells 33 15-mashq: 6 Listen to the audio to find out how other people describe these pictures. Are there any similarities between your statements and the ones on the audio? Asl o‘zbekcha Uzbek Realia = 16-mashq: A. a First, watch the video without sound and note the. non-verbal behavior of the participants.34 CHAPTER2 ACTIONS ‘Man with traditional hat and man with necktie Man with traditional hat and man with furry hat Woman and man Women together BP Nos wretch again, this time with edtand) ard match the expressions on the left with the responses on the right. Xudoga shukur. Yaxshi, rahmat. ‘Assalomu alaykum. 1 2 Yaxshimisiz? Vaalayk.um assalom. 3 Bolalar yaxshimi? ~ 17-mashq: <9 With a partner, create a short dia’ ogue and then act it out eeeGreetings and Farewells 35 Additional Activities Work independently to complete the activities below. Pay attention to the use of new vocabulary and structures. Greetings and Farcudts 18-mashq: \/ Prepare for an exchange with an Uzbek person by writing out the common responses to the following 1. Yaxshimisiz? 2. Assalomu alaykum 3 - Vaalaykum assalom 4 Xay Personal pronouns and exdings (men) kasalman kasalmanmi? | kasal emasman (cen) o‘gituvchisan _o‘gituvchimisan? o'qituvehi emassan u shifokor emas xursand emassiz kasal emasmiz shifokor emassizlar kasal emaslar ushifokor ushifokormi? (siz) xursandsiz xursandmisiz? (biz) kasalmiz, Kasalmizmi? (sizlar) shifokorsizlar _ shifokormisizlar? Men va Lola Dilshod xursand. Usursand. Laylo va Aziz36 CHAPTER 2 20-mashq: —“_ Respond or ask questions about the scenarios below: 1. Someone looks ill; ask if he is OK. 2. Karim is not here today: ask if he is ill. 3. Youre about to eat a 500-calorie somsa; ask yourself if you're really hungry. 4, You want to talk to Nozim: ask if he is busy. \ 5. Lola and Bahodir seem unhappy; ask them about it. 6. Laylo is asking if you want some cookies: say you aren't hungry: “7. A woman at a passport checkpoint is asking if you are Russian: you say: "8. You were introduced to someone; respond: } 9. You can't make it to the party; give a reasor } 10. As you leave the class, you dohgiee instructor and say: 21-mashq: /” Tell or ask how people are feeling today by completing the following sentences. 1. Karima, yaxshi___? 2. Malika va Ali xursand______ 3. Men band emas, 3 4, Mahmud va Sanobar xafa: 5. Karim sog'lom_____. Yo'q, u 6. Kasal 2 Ha, men kasal 7. Xafa____? Yo'q, xafa emasmiz. 8. Sanobar kasal emas, u biroz —________. 20 qhular eee, 18-mashq: / . Read the following sentences. Using particles -mi and -chi, make questions. Follow the model. 1. Karima talaba. Karima talabamti? 2. Laylo o’qituvchi emas. 3. Ular shifokor. 4. Biz xursandmiz. 5, Sen xafasan._ 6. Men talabaman.Greetings and Farewells Social Interaction _Muomala odobi isten to these phrases. First wi tructor in class. pl . First, discuss them with your ins hen, using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. en, 5 : Salomlashuv - Greetings % Javob - Response Yaxshi yuribsizmiz Rahmat, yaxshi, How is it going? Fine, thanks. Abvollaringiz yaxshimi? | Yomon emas, rahmat, How is your health? Not bad, thanks, Tuzukmisiz? | Juda yaxshit Are you feeting well? Very welt. Sog*-salomatmisiz? O'zingiz yaxshi yuribsizmi? Are you healthy? Are you doing well yourself? O'qishlaringiz yaxshimi? | Tashakkur, o°zingiz-chi? How are your studies? Thank you, how about you? Uyichilar yaxshimi? How is your family? | Onangiz, otangiz yaxshi yurishibdimi? ee How are your parents? _ 2 Mayli, yaxshi qoling! Mayli, yaxshi boring! ea tern OTE Na Xo'p, xayr Salomat bo'ing oe | Oceana) Se ad ‘ Sog' bo'ling. Kelib turing! " Goodbye, be well. Keep in touch! Salom ayting! say hello! 0q yo'l! | Good luck! Telefon qilib turing! Keep in touch! i " Javob-Response -Farewells | Javob - Response Xayrlashuv38 CHAPTER 2 Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary ahi Assalomu alaykum! Hello (lit. in Arabic: sen you (informal) Peace be upon you!) i ‘you (formal) ayol ‘woman ‘And you? band busy sizlar ‘you (pl) baquvvat strong sizningcha in your opinion baxtli happy sog/lom healthy biz we talaba student Bolalar yaxshimi? How are the kids? a shefheft boy rich ular they emas negating particle Vaalaykum assalom! Hello (lit: in Ambic: erkak man ‘Peace be upon you too!) hali ham still xafa sad, upset kasal sick, ill xayr! Goodbye! keksa old (about a human Xudoga shukur. Thank God. being) xursand_ glad Ko'rishguncha xayr. See you later wa hang tbe mayli “okay, fine yaxshi well, good men I Yaxshimisiz? Are you well? menimcha in my opinion o’gituvehi teacher -mi question particle shifokor doctor ‘och hungry changagan thirsty Qandaysiz? How are you? charchagan tired rahmat thank you, thanks Tamshid: Ismim Jamshid. Lola: Talabamisiz? Tamshid: Ha, shu yerda o'giyman. Lola: Bu Feruza, dugonam. Janshidi "ages | Feruza: Men ham. Siz Toshkentdanmisiz? Jamshid:Yo'q, Andijondanman. ? Feruza: Men Buxorodanman, Lola Namangandan. Jamshid: Juda yaxshi. Lola: Kitob uchun katta rahmat! Tamshid: Arzimaydi. Mayli, bo'pti Lola va Feruza: Xo'p, rahmat. excuse me Is this your book? exclamation, surprise Thank you very much! Istudy here, at this place ‘my friend (girl) for you are welcome ‘Okay, good (usually when conversation ends, also means good)Introductions 49 14-mashq: / Using what you know about these people, write a short passage describing them. Make some generalizations and. use the conjunctions ham, va, lekin, and chunki. The first one is done for you. ‘Menimcha, ular yosh va xursand. = 15-mashq: “9 _ Use the vocabulary above to make your own dialogue. Then act it out with a partner. 16-mashg;: \, >* Skim this passage about ethnic groups in Uzbekistan. ‘You do not need to understand or translate each word. O'zbekistonda o’zbek, tojik, rus, qozoq, goragalpog, tatar va boshqa ko plab millat vakillari yashaydi. O’zbek tili davlat tili, lekin boshqa millat vakillari o’z ona tillarida bili oladilar va so’'zlashadilar. Masalan, odamlar Toshkentda o'zbek va rus tilida, Buxoro va Samarqandda tojik tilida, Qoraqalpog'istonda qoragalpog tilida ham gapiradilar.50 (CHAPTER 3 I7-mashq: A. / Look at the following statements about Uzbekistan, and based on the text, decide if they are true or false. 1. O’zbekiston ko'p millatli davlat. 2. O’zbek tili - O’zbekiston Respublikasining davlat tilidir. 3. Buxoroda odamlar qozoq tilida gapiradilar. 4. Toshkentda odamlar fransuz tilida gapiradilar. O’zbekiston Respublikasining davlat tilidi. 5. Qoragalpog til Yangi so‘zlar: sillat rationality davlat tik offical language ‘yashaydi(lar) they live ‘gapiradilar they speak many B. “SJ What about your country? Familiarize yourself with the following, dialogue. Then act out similar dialogues by substituting words in bold with the corresponding information about your state/country. Meri: Tom, siz qayerdansiz? Tom: Texasdanman, Meri: Texas chiroylimi? ‘Tom: Ha, menimeha, juda chiroyli. Meri: Texasda odamlar qaysi tillarda gapiradilar? ‘Tom: Ingliz tilida, ‘Meri: Ispan tilida-chi? ‘Tom: Ha, ispan tilida ham gapiradilar.Introductions 51 Aslo'zbekeha Uzbek Realia _ ee 18-mashq: A. BP Wosch tae ites once anc chee the Beegyttncie correct. answer. 6 3 ok cs . girl with her hair down 2. girl with ponytail 3. guy B. / Watch the video one more time and determine where the people are from. ©. Now watch the video for the last time and fill in the blanks with the information you learned from the video. Assalomu alaykum, qalaysizlar? Rahmat, o'zingiz yaxshimisiz? Si ee er > Men ham. Voy, qanday yaxshi! Men ham kin men Ee) | Sizniki-chi? + Meniki. Tanishganimdan xursandman. ‘Men ham, juda ham.52. CHAPTERS D. Did you notice how people pronounce the word men? How did they say it? What is the other Uzbek word for ism (name)? 19-mashq: “Using the dialogues given above, prepare your own introduction dialogues and act them out with a partner. 20-mashq: / How would you introduce the people in the pictures below? Make several statements about them, mention their name, location, profession, and the languages they speak.Introductions 53 According to some statistics, the population of Uzbekistan consists of 80% Uzbeks, 5.5% Russians, 5% Tajiks, 3% Kazakhs, .5% Karakalpaks, 1.5% Tatars, and 2.5% other ethnicities. Uzbek is the official language; however, the representatives of ‘other nationalities also speak their national languages.In chapters throughout this textbook, you will find short e-mail messages between Tom and Sherzod. These e-mails include the grammar and vocabulary that you learned in previous chapters. Also, each e-mail will give you information about Uzbekistan, its peoples and cultures. “compos " FRA RE ~ . 1 senedgorerwz SHEE Sun, 28 June 204 10:21:37 +0500 (UT) Hurmatli Sherzod, Yaxshimisiz? Mening ismim Tom. Men amerikalikman. Indiana universitetida talabaman. Ingliz, rus va o'zbek tillarida gapiraman. Bu mening do’stim Anna. U ham talaba. Anna ingliz va ispan tillarini biladi. Iojingiz bo‘lsa, menga xat yozib yuboring, Javobingizni katib qolaman, Salom bilan, Tom 21-mashq: / Decide if the following statements are to’g’ri (correct) or noto‘g’ri (incorrect). 1. Tom Angliyadan, u ingliz. 2. Tom o’zbek tilini biladi 3. Tom yapon va rus tillarini biladi. 4. Anna talaba. 5. Anna va Tom kanadaliklar.Introductions 55 Additional Activities Work independently to complete the activities below. Pay attention to the use of new vocabulary and structures. Vatroductions 22-mashq: Match the sentences in the first and second column as is appropriate. Assalomu alaykum. Xayr. Ismim Nodira. ‘Yaxshimisiz? Samarqanddanman. Ismingiz nima? Vaalaykum assalom. Qayerdansiz? Tanishganimdan xursandman. Tanishing, bu Farida. Yo"q, shifokorman. NQuf WNPHR a b ic d e f & Yaxshi, rahmat. Talabamisiz? Salomat bo'ling! Case ending ‘-dan' 23-mashq: _/ Where are these people from? Write down your answers. Namuna: Your friend: U Alabamadan. Lyou 2. your grandmother 3. your roommate 4.a person sitting next to you 5. your Uzbek instructor 6. you and your siblings 7. your best friend 8. your favorite actor/actress56 CHAPTERS 24-mashq: & Here is a conversation between a teacher and a student who are getting acquainted. Listen carefully to the audio and number the lines below to indicate the order in which they are spoken. The first one is done for you. ——~ Men ham. AL Assalomu alaykum, siz Farida opamisiz? —— Ismim Dilshod. — Ha, shu yerda o’giyman. ——~ Talabamisiz? \— Juda yaxshi. Tanishganimdan xursandman. — Qayerdansiz? — Samarganddanman. —— Vaalaykum assalom. Ha, men Faridaman, Ismingiz nima? 25-mashq: \ >» Skim the following text and answer the questions. Bizning sinf > 3 Sinfimiz katta . Sinfimizda talabalar ko'p. Anvar va Lola o'zbek. Natasha rus, u Rossiyadan. Anya polyak, u Polshadan. Ali Ozarbayjondan. Fotima va Laylo Turkiyadan. Tom va Joanna ingliz. Xuan ispan va Salma Portugaliyadan. Parvina Tojikistondan va Aliya Qozog‘istondan. O'gituvchimiz, Zamira opa, Turkmanistondan. Savollarga javob bering Note: In response to the question Qayerdan? the name of the country is given. In response to the question Kim? one’s ethnicity is given. 1. Anvar qayerdan? 2. Natasha kim? 7. Xuan gayerdan? 3. Anya qayerdan? 8, Parvina qirg’izmi? 9. Aliya kim? 5. Fotima va Laylo-chi? 10. Zamira turkmi?Introductions 57 Corauctions 27-mashq:~_/ Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks using the words va, lekin, or ham. Bu Nosir. U talaba, Farida talaba. Nosir Farida andijonliklar, ular Toshkentda yashaydilar. Mening ismim Hyos. Toshkentdanman, Nyu-Yorkda yashayman. Nyu-York universitetida o’giyman. Do’stim Rustam _— talaba, u Farg/onadan, —__ hozir u ham Nyu-Yorkda yashaydi. 28-mashq: “ . Familiarize yourself with the following dialogue. Then write dialogues by substituting words from the reference list below for those in bold. Use the conjunctions va, lekin, or ham if needed. Jamila: Assalomu alaykum! Karim: Vaalaykum assalom! Jamila: Mening ismim Jamila. Sizniki-chi? Karim: Karim. Jamila: Tanishganimdan xursandman. Jamila: Karim, siz talabamisiz? Karim: Yo’q, talaba emasman, O’gituvchiman. Siz-chi? Jamila: Men shifokorman. Shu yerda ishlayman. Karim: Qayerdansiz? Jamila: Buxorodan. Siz-chi? Karim: Men Namangandanman, lekin hozir Toshkentda yashayman. a. Person 1: Meri, shifokor, Medison. Person 2: Tom, shifokor, Nyu-York, Chikago b, Person 1: Salim Ibragimov, aktyor, O’sh Person 2: Farida Alimova, tarjimon, Xiva, Toshkent c. Person 1: Anna Braun, o’gituvchi, Merilend Person 2: Umida Salimova, talaba, Samargand, Merilend 28-mashq: / Imagine you are traveling to Uzbekistan as an exchange student and are assigned to a host family in Andijan. Write them a short note about yourself.ss CHAPTERS Social Interaction 6@ Listen to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in clase, Then, using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. Tanishuy- Introductions | Javeb-Response ae ae bo‘ladilar? Bu kishi Nozim aka, o‘gituvchimiz. aioe s person? This person is Nozim, our teacher. imni tanishtirishga ruxsat eting! —Ismim Jamshid. Let me introduce myself. My name is Jamshid. Se (otingiz) nima? Alimov. Men Rayshan akaning o'g‘liman. is is yourinamer ‘My family name is Alimov. Familiyangiz nima? 1am Ravshan’s son. What is your family name? : Usbek names Usbele names originate rom Ara female names end in the vane i the following Uzbek names ans SS : eres one Ne stand for (a) = "Arabeha ~ Arabic (£2) isgiven in brad i re ee (Persian-Talld: (ob) ‘abekcha (Vzbel/TH! emia, an Taticlanguages cane ind male namesend in a ‘consonant, Lookat wings with your instructor. YO thes meanings mn Yo en ofthe i Asal (a.) - asaldek shirin, sevimli. Azamat (a)- ulug’, qudratli. Farida (a.) - yakka, yagona, tengsiz. Alisher (a.-f.t.)- sherdek qudratli, jasur. Go'zal (0'zb.) - zebo, chiroyli. Bobur (0'2b.)- yo'lbars. Hulkar (0'2b.)- yulduzdek yorug* yuzli. Botir(o‘zb.) - mard, dovyurak, jasur. Kumush (o'2b.) - Kumushdek bebaho, qadrli, _Elbek (o'zb.) - elning sardori, yo'lboshchisi. Nodira (a.) - tengsiz, bebaho. Erkin (o'zb-) - erkin, ozod. ‘Oygul (0'zb) - oydek chiroyli. Farrux (f.t.) - ko'rkam. Sevara (0'zb.) - sevimli, yogimli. Otabek (0'zb.) - beklarning boshlig', sardori. Yulduz (o'zb.) - yulduzdek yorug' yuzli.. - Qahramon (f.t.) - dovyurak, jasur, qudratli. Lola (f.t.) - loladek nafosatli, go‘zal. Rustam (f.t.) - kuch-qudratli, botir. Gulchehra (f-t.) - gulyuzli, chiroyli. Ulug'bek (o'zb.) - ulug’, kuch-qudratli Feruza (f.t.) - iqboli baland zebo qiz. Sherzod (f.t.) - sherdek dovyurak.Introductions Writing letters in Uzbek ‘ou have already seen some expressions used in the e-mail message that ‘Tom sent to Sherzod. Here are some other words and phrases that you may find helpful in writing letters in Uzbek. You can use the following greetings in your message: Hurmatli Lolaxon - Respected Lola Qadrli Alisher - Dear Alisher Follow it with phrases such as: ‘Yaxshimisiz? How are you? Are you well? Ighlaringiz yaxshimi? Is your work going well? Ishlar bilan charchamasdan yuribsizmi? ‘Are you doing well (with your work)? Uyichilaringiz yaxshi yurishibdimi? How is your family? Finish your letter using phrases such as: “Javobingizni kutib qolaman. Looking forward C0 your response. Xat yozib turing. Keep in touch. -ga salomlarimni yetkazing, Say hello ¢0.-- Hurmat ila/bilan - Respectfully ... Salom ila/bilan - Best regards (lit: Peace) 59Amerikadanman, Amerikalikman. AQShdanman. arzimaydi biladi bizning sinf -dan davlat tilt do‘stim dugonam fransuz fransuz tili gapiradilar gruzin ham hozir ilojingiz bo‘lsa ingliz ingliz tli Ismim Laylo. Otim Laylo. Ismingiz nima? Otingiz nima? Kanada juda katta katta rahmat kechirasiz kim, ko'p kutubxona lel ‘mayli, bo‘ pti ‘Men ham, Lam from America, Tam an American. Tam from the USA. you are welcome She/he knorws. our classroom ‘from (ablative case ending) official language my friend my friend (a woman) French French language they speak Georgian also ‘now, nowadays ‘if you can English English language ‘My name is Laylo What is your name? Canada very big thank you very much excuse me who many library but, however ‘ok, good (usually when conversation ends, also ‘means goodbye) Me too. ‘Meniki Dilshod. mo’gul nemis odamlar ‘ozarbayjon Qalaysizlar? Qanday yaxshit gayerdan Qayerdansiz? Qayerliksiz? qoz0q rus sinfimiz Sizniki-chi? Tanishganimdan xursandman, Tanishing, bu professor Alimov. tojik turmush o‘rtog’im uchun va voy xat yashaydi yashaydilar yashayman_ yosh o’giyman o’zbek o’zbek tili O‘zingiz yaxshimisiz? shu yerda chunki ‘Mine is Dilshod (My name is Dilshod). ‘Mongolian German people Azeri, Azerbaijani How are you all? (coll) How nice! where from Where are you from? Where are you from? Kazakh Russian cour classroom And yours (your name)? Lam glad to meet you. Please meet professor Alimoo. Tajik amy wifefusband for and ‘exclamation, surprise letter she/he lives they live Tie young Istudy Uzbek Usbek language How are you? here, at this place becauseTO’RTINCHI DARS CHAPTER FOUR Bu kim? U nima? CLASSROOM OBJECTS IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! (evs Get started Classroom objects, describing people and things * Diqgat, qoida! Language Ponts Demonstrative pronouns, adjectives, plurality of nouns, numbers 0-10, locative case (ending -da), expressing existence * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! (anguage in Use Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Lrbe reaia Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashdlar Adcitional Activities Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers” daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary Vocabulary used in this chapter cial Interaction@ cuarters i fiz# Let's Get Started T-mashi & ‘A. O’qing va tinglang! Follow along with the audio to hear how the following words are pronounced, Bu kim? Bu nima?, Bu talaba. S22 Bu qanday talaba? Bu yaxshi talaba. meee Bu qanday daftar? Bu yangi daftar. B. Working with a classmate, read the names of the classroom items below. eshikClassroom Objects 63 2-mashq: Answer the questions with the correct word(s) in Uzbek. 1. Open this to get into the classroom. 2. When you want to read, you need this. 3. You use them to write. } 4. Do you know where Uzbekistan is located? Find it on this. 5. If it gets really hot, we can open this. 6. Write on this. 7. You put your books in this. 8. You can erase with this. 9. This person teaches you. In most (lebek schools, children are required to wear school uniforms. Boys wear white shirts and black pants, while gids wear white blouses and black skirts. Unlike the LInited States, the student's Family has to buy most of the textbooks instead of borrowing them from the school only a few books can be obtained in the school library.64 CHAPTERS 3-mashq: _/ List the objects you see in your own classroom. Say them and then write them down. 4-mashq: Your teacher will point to some objects in the room. See how quickly you can identify those objects in Uzbek! aS —_Classroom Objects 65 _ bein the new gramar poin and complete the grammar-related activities. 1. Question words and demonstrative pronouns kim who - is used for human beings only. Bu kim? Bu talaba. nima what - is used for animate nouns and inanimate nouns. Bu nima? Bu kitob. What is this? This is a book. Bu nima? Bu mushuk. What is this? This is a cat. bu this - is used for something or somebody close by. u that - is used for something or somebody further away. (remember u is also the personal pronoun denoting he, she, and it). anau that, over there. (the object is further away than u) manabu this, over here. (the object is located closer than bu) shu this one - is used for something or somebody close by. It usually refers to the object or the human which is specific to the speaker. In Uzbek, question words are placed in the sentence where the word they replace would go. For example: Bu kim? Bu talaba. Who is this? This is a student. Bu nima? Bu ruchka. What is this? This is a pen. Whenever question words are used, the particle “Nel used. Geese) Be 5-mashq: (y Point to things in the classroom and ask your classmate about them. Ask questions such as: Bu nima? Mana bu nima? at 2. Adjectives: Qanday? What kind of? In Uzbek, adjectives come before the nouns they describe. If an adjective follows a noun, it functions as the predicate of the sentence. For example: katta kitob - a big book (katta = adjective) Kitob kata. The book is big. (katta = predicate) —— ————s es66 CHAPTERS Look at the adjectives below and describe the classroom items you see in your class. katta eae fo ore =| kichik Ss 7 3 yangi 6-mashq: “SJ Point to a classroom object and ask your classmate to describe it. Possible questions you can use: Bu qanday kitob? Bu qanday talaba?(Classroom Objects Write numerals under the corresponding Uzbek number ~ words and vice versa. o68 CHAPTERS Looking at the pictures, can you guess how plurals are formed in Uzbel Can you spot two things that happen when a number precedes a plural noun? uchta galam 7 : ; — ha qalamlar 4, Plural Nouns The plurality of nouns is expressed by adding the suffix -lar to the noun, However, the plural suffix is not used when the noun is modified by number. Also, when the noun is modified by a number, a suffix -ta is added to the stem of the number. For example: ikkita qalam-two pencils. But, if the noun which is talked about is a human being (i.e. nouns indicating human beings, such as talaba-student, o‘qituychi- teacher) the suffix -ta can be dropped. ikki iz (or ikkita iz) - two girls ikki talaba (or ikkita talaba) - two students Note: 1. The suffix -ta is not used when we talk about time or money. ikki soat-two hours uch kun-three days olti dollar-six dollars 2. When the suffix -ta is added to the word bir, it becomes bitta. Bu xonada bitta taxta va ikkita televizor bor. There is a chalkboard and two TVs in this room. sie nek pee WeClassroom Objects 69 9-mashq: ~/ Using the language point above, create plural nouns using “the words and numbers given below. kitob 2 talaba 3 dollar 9 galam 7 kun 10 ayol 8 10-mashq: This is from a notebook of someone in an Uzbek class. Check whether the student got everything to’g’ri or noto’g’ri. ikkita soat uchta so‘m uchta kun besh qalam 5. Locative case (ending -da ~ at, in, on) -da is used after a noun or pronoun to indicate its location. universitet universitetda at the university Toshkent Toshkentda in Tashkent stol stolda on the table ‘When asking about the location of an object, the question word gayerda is used. Kitob qayerda? Where is the book? Kitob stolda. The book is on the table. The case ending -da precedes the personal predicate endings. ‘Men uydaman. | am at home. Ishxonadamisiz? Are you at work? The negation is formed with emas: Biz maktabda emasmiz. We are not at school. ‘Nodes of transportation are expressed in Uzbek with the ending -da. avtobusda-on the bus (by bus). Toshkentga avtobusda bordik. We went to Tashkent by bus. eo Bi70 CHAPTERS M-mashq: Answer the following questions, following the model. Model: Daftar qayerda? Daftar stolda. 1. Talabalar qayerda? 2. O'gituvchi qayerda? 3. Ruchka qayerda? (SS ee 4. Toshkent qayerda? = 5. Kitoy qayerda? (Osiyo) 6. Nyu-York qayerda? > Read the following text about the classroom and answer the questions that follow. 4. Laylo opa ee 6. Bu sinfda nechta eshik va nechta eee bor? Sizning sinfingiz qanday? - How is your classroom? Using the text above as a model, describe your classroom. TST. = ae a EEE74 CHAPTER Aslo‘zbekcha Uzbek Realia_ ‘The main unit of currency in Uzbekistan is the so’m. Look at the photos of it and complete the exercises below. 19-mashq: <2; See if you can read the serial numbers aloud. Tey it with a classmate. Slassasz2 200(Classroom Objects 75 Thx912975 Féxrz1929 20-mashq: EQ tisten for the differences in the serial numbers given above and the ones on the audio, Cultural note Ubekistan’s official currency is the soim. | he money is predominantly in bill form, coming in ee ane of 190, 200, $00, and 1,000 soms. id in general coins are not widely use: they are often used in transportation, especially in the metro. There are many exchange shops in (Jzbekistan where you can exchange foreign currency for soms. ;Work independently to complete the activities below. Pay attention to the use of new vocabulary and structures. Classroom objects and. numbers 21-mashq: Match each word on the left with the word on the right that it most closely goes with. a deraza b ogituvehi devo dsl 22-mashq:\_/ Write sentences in Uzbek to describe the things you see in this picture. ‘Model: Bu sinf. U katta va shinam.Classroom Objects 77 23-mashq: // Nechta? How many things/people are there in your classroom? Write 5 sentences about the objects in your classroom. Model: Bitta taxta The first one is done for you. (Note the suffix ta.) 2 Ws What school applies do-you need for this semester? Make a listin Uzbek. Model: To'rtta daftar Bitta ruchka 25-mashg: ©“ How much do school supplies cost in your country? Put the approximate Price for the supplies given below. Bitta rucka ~ ikki dollar 1. daftar 2.qalam 3. chizg'ich 4. xarita Now calculate the total cost of your supplies.78 CHAPTERS Bor aud yo'g. and ordinal numbers 26-mashq; A. 2) Do you remember the game “Where is Waldo?” Lola runs around so quickly that one moment she is here and the next she is gone. Work with your classmate and ask each other about Lola. Follow the model. Use all the new words given in the drawing above. Lola qayerda? -U hammomda. - Yo’q, u hammomda emas. U oshxonada. B. A, Describe what you see in each room. Follow the model. ‘Namuna: Oshxonada bitta stol bor. 27-mashq:! 6 Listen to the description of the classroom on the audio. For each item ‘mentioned, fill in the correct number on the lists below. talaba ___ kompyutor —_ daftar ogituvchi televizor taxta deraza kitob eshikClassroom Objects 79 Muomala odobi $°<'e! !nteraction [Steamed ecaysperch i 4 a 6 Listen to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in class. Then, using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. Biror narsa so'rash -Requests “Javob- Response Ortiqcha ruchkangiz bormi? Ha, bor, Do you have a spare pen? Yes, I do have it (lit: yes, there isa Kalit sizdami? spare pen with me). Do you have the key? Yo'a, ortiqchasi yo'a, kechirasiz. Telefon raqamingiz necha? No, | don’t have one, sorry (lit: no, What is your telephone number? there is no spare one with me). Dialogues: iz bormi? stiqcha qalamingiz ; | jo: Yorq, ortigcha qalam yo", lekin ee, oa | eed: Yo'g, rahmat. Menga qalam kerak edi. pavron: Laylo, telefon rageming'2 echo? Se pe ebeeteton sn lane | pilshod: Laylo. oF ~ ae80 CHAPTERS Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary anau that (that one over there) qalam pencil ayiruv minus ganday what kind, how ayol woman gayerda where at balkon balcony giz girl besh ‘five qo’shuv plus bor there isfare ruchka pen bog’ ‘garden so'm som (Uzbek currency) bo'r chalk soat clock, watch, time, hour bu this stol table -da at, in, on (locative case) stul chair daftar notebook taxta blackboard daraxt tree televizor v deraza window turk Turkish devor wall u that (also, she, he, it) divan sofa, couch uy house eshik door xalta bag eski old (thing) xarita map garaj garage Xitoy China gazplita ‘gas stove yangi new gilam carpet yotoq bedroom kichik small yo’q there is not/there are not kim who zal living room kitob book o’chirg‘ich eraser Kompyuter computer o’gituvchi teacher krovat aH o’rtacha medium, average (coll: karavat) O’zbek so’mi Uzbek som (currency) kun days shinam cozy, comfortable lampa lamp shu this one lar plural suffix charger ier mana bu this (this one over here) nechta hhow many nima what? Nyw-York New York oshxona kitchenClassroom Objects 8BESHINCHI DARS CHAPTER FIVE BORMI? COMMANDS and REQUESTS IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! (ers Get stared Commands and requests, classroom expressions * Diqgat, qoida! Languece Points Imperative, dative case (ending -ga), accusative case (ending -ni) * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! (anguage in Use Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Lrbex eaiia Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Accitional Activities Extra activites to reinforce new structures and voonbulary * Muomala odobi Social interaction Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so’Zlar vocabulary Vocabulary used in this chapterYangi darsni boshlaymiz? | =| titinos, fi Bu nia degani? So 2-mashq: / What do you say when you -.-want to interrupt the teacher? -want the teacher to repeat something? .don’t understand something? - want to thank someone? ..-can't hear what's being said? 3-mashq; «j Practice the expressions above both with a classmate and with the instructor,Commands and Requests 85 Language Points! o'tiring ayting to‘xtang For your information only: Let him. Let's. erste ea eerie en ela eet make short commands? Model: musiga (music): Tinglang!86 CHAPTERS For your information orlly: yozma gapirma —_gapirmang _ tinglama —_tinglamang Semashq: “What would you say in these situations? Make commands using the language points above. 2. Your friend is about to sit on a chair that has a broken leg. ‘Ye apy Mee tives fo “roe at some ting’ BE 3. You see a teenager writing graffiti on the wall of your house. You say: 4, It is hot in the room, but your roommate keeps closing the window. ‘You sajCommands and Requests 87 6-mashq: / Match each command to the situation where you would ‘most likely see or hear it, Some of the vocabulary notes are given below. Professor talking to a student Tourist board poster | ae On the road | Sign at a gas station O’zbekistonga keling! To’xtang! Yangi so’zlar Indefinite Definite Choy iching! - Drink some tea! Choyni ichingl - Drink the tea! Kitob o’ging! - Read a book! Kitobni o’qing! ~ Read the book! Xat yozing! - Write a letter! Xatni yozing! - Write the letter!88 CHAPTERS 3. Dative case: ending -ga (to, into, for, towards) The suffix -ga added to a noun indicates motion to or into as well as ~ an action performed to or for somebody/something: maktab maktabga to school ‘Amerika Amerikaga to Amerika sizga to you, for you When it is added to a noun ending in -k, the consonant in the t Suffix changes to -k, and the ending -ka is used both in spelling and writing. eshikka-to the door; Nyu-Yorkka-to New York. _ When added to a noun ending in -q or -g', the ending -ga changes to -qa. qishlog - qishloqga-to the village; bog‘- boqqa-to the garden. Kitobni Karimaga bering. Give the book to Karima. Kinoga bilet sotib oling. Buy a ticket to a movie. Nyu-Yorkka keling. Come to New York. Gee FL. T-mashq: “ Look at the interests of the following people and suggest where they should go on vacation. TemurCommands and Resuests 89 Note: ‘Verbs and Cases. In chapters 4 and 5 you have learned about the grammatical cases used in Uzbek. The following notes will help you understand their use in more detail. ‘As you already know, cases are noun endings that indicate how the noun functions grammatically in a sentence— indicating its use as a subject, direct object, indirect object, location, movement from, etc. So far you have learned the ablative, locative, dative, and accusative cases. ‘Since verbs usually determine the case of nouns, learning about verbs can help you determine which case ending to use, An important aspect to know about verbs is transitivity, Ifa verb takes an objec, itis said to be transitive; if it does not, then it is intransitive. The following are examples of transitive and intransitive verbs in English. John threw the ball. (ball is an object: What did John throw? ) John entered the room. (the room is not an object, it indicates the place and not the thing: Where did John enter?) Knowing if the verb is transitive will help you to decide whether it will take certain case endings. For example, since intransitive verbs do not take objects, you know that a noun being used with this kind of verb will never take the accusative case ending -ni, which is only used with objects. Karima, kitobni oling! Karima, please take the book. Karima, xonaga kiring! Karima, please enter the room. (with kirmog, xonani (or xona) is not an option) Also, note that, in Uzbek, the subject of the sentence does not take any case ending. Karima Salimni sevadi. Karima loves Salim. (Siz) kitobni o’qing, (You) read the book! Telefon jiringladi. The phone rang. 8-mashq: /. Here are the verbs actively used in this chapter. Based on the notes you read above, circle the verbs that can take objects, and then make commands. Follow the model. ‘Namuna: Olmog - Tom, kitobni oling! ottirmog o'gimoq —_aytmog_ochmoq bormod yopmoq tinglamoq90 CHAPTERS Note: ‘Verbs and Cases (cont’d). In general, the meaning of case endings in Uzbek is quite consistent; once you know its meaning you can use it intuitively. As you make a sentence you have to determine the function of the noun (is it the object? is it describing direction, location, or movement?), and then give it an appropriate case ending. However, the use of these case endings may sometimes sound counterintuitive to an English speaker. Some of these differences are presented below. (+ga) yozmoq - to write (location, to write on something) Mashqni daftarga yozing, Write this exercise on the notebook. (lit: to the notebook) Ismingizni kitobga yozmang! Do not write your name on the book (lit: to the book) (da) yozmoq - to worite instrumental, to write with) Bu mashqni ruchkada yozing, Write this exercise with the pen. (+dan) turmog - fo stand (starting point of the movement) Stuldan turing! Please stand up from the chair. (da) turmog ~ fo siay, to stand (location) ‘Uyda turing, hech qayerga chiqmang! Pease stay in the house, don't go anyuuhere. Mana bu yerda turing, Stay/stand here, please. (+ga) o'tirmog - to sit down (the movement towards the chair, floor, etc.) Stulga o'tiring. Sit down in this chair, please. (lit: to the chair) Yerga o’tirmang. Do rot sit on the floor, please. (lit: to the floor) (da) o'tirmog - to sit, to remain (location, place) Shu sinfda o'tiring. Sit (down) in this room or Stay in this room. Note that two and three case endings can be used in a single sentence. The following sentences illustrate this point. ‘Uydan maktabga mashinada boring. From: home to school go by car! ‘Samarqanddan Toshkentga taksida keling, From Samarkand to Tashkent come by cab! g-mashq: Practice the use of the case endings -da,-ga, and -dan. ‘A. Imagine you are in charge of your Uzbek class. Make some rules. 1. Only Uzbek should be used in the classroom. Sinfda o‘zbekcha gapirin, 2. English should not be spoken in the classroom. 3. Students should write the excercises with pencils. 4, Students should not write on their books. 5, Students should not sit on the floor, $$$ 6. Teacher should write the new words on the board.Commands and Requests 91 B. How would you go to these places? Make a route and tell how you can get there (specify mode of transportation) Toshkent-Samargand-mashina. Toshkentdan Samargandga mashinada boring. 1, Nyu-York - Indiana - avtobus 2. Parij - London - poyezd 3. Florida - Tokio - samolyot 4, Toshkent - Moskva-(your choice) 5, Pekin - Frankfurt-(your choice) 6. Chikago -(your choice) 7.{your choice)- Mexiko Note: ‘Verbs and Cases (cont'd). In English sentences such as the following, the Prepositions (for and to) are used with pronouns and proper names. These flowers are for you, and those are for Jane. She gave the book to me. Similarly, Uzbek case endings can be attached to pronouns and proper names to show the direction, location, and movement away and from. The following examples illustrate this point. Ruchkani Alisherga bering. Give the pen to Alisher. Ruchkani menga bering. Give the pen to me. Kitobni Faridadan oling. Take the book from Farida, Ruchkani Alisherdan oling va Faridaga bering. Take the pen from Alisher and give it to Farida. Note that for the pronoun w a filler letter -n is inserted between the pronoun and case endings -ga, -dan, -ni, and -da. Kitobni undan oling, Take the book from her. ‘The word order used in the examples above is without any emphasis, but the word order can vary to give emphasis to particular words. For details, see Chapter 6 and Appendix B. 10-mashq: A.“ Choose a logical follow-up for the sentence in column A from column B. 1. Eshikni oching va mashqni yozing. 3. Kitobni oching va 4, Samarqandga boring va tekstni o‘qing.2 CHAPTERS B. (>> Read these commands and try to follow them. See if you understand all of them correctly. Kitobni yoping va daftarni oching. O'qituvchidan ruchkani oling. Ruchkani stoldan oling va yerga qo‘ying. C. 33 Now work in small groups and practice giving commands and requests. Try to combine several endings in your requests. Namuna: Meri, ruchkani mendan oling va Tomga bering. Jon, eshikni oching va kitobni yoping. 11-mashq: A. “9 Get together with a classmate. Tell him/her about the places in your town. What are some places your classmate should visit? What means of transportation should the person take to get there? Then switch roles. B. > Extended task: Pretend you are writing a travel guide about Uzbekistan. What sites would you recommend? Explore Uzbekistan on the Internet; using the language points you learned, give recommendations to prospective tourists. Where should they go? What means of transportation would you recommend?Commands and Requests 98 Keling, suhbatlashaylild |anguage in Usel__ 12-mashq: 6 Put the sentences in order to form a meaningful dialogue. Then listen to the audio and determine whether or not you completed the task correctly. __ Texnika Universiteti Kechirasiz, shu atrofda universitet bormi? Ha, u Beruniy ko‘chasida joylashgan. Rahmat! Qaysi universitet? Toshkentda universitetlar ko‘p. ko‘cha - street joylashgan - is located shu atrofda - around here 13mashg: /, Make your own dialogue using the above dialogue as a model.94 CHAPTERS 14-mashq: A. \, =* Study the words and phrases given below. chap - left chapga - to the left, chap tomonda (chap qo‘lda) - on the left o'ng - right o‘ngga - fo the right, o'ng tomonda (o‘ng qo‘lda) - on the right, o‘ngga buriting - take a right to'g'ri - straight to'g'riga yuring - go straight (-ga) burilmog - to turn chapga buriling - take a left (-dan) o'tmoq - to cross, ko‘chadan o'ting - cross the street to pass maktabdan o'ting - walk past the school tomon - towards maktab tomon yuring - go towards the school metr - meter 5 metr - 5 meters ‘Chorrahadan o'tib, 5 metrcha yuring. Cross the intersection and continue for about 5 meters. (-dan) chiqmog - to do‘kondan chiqing - get out of the store (leave leave, to get out of the store) botylab - along Navoiy ko‘chasi bo‘ylab yuring. Walk along Navoiy Street. chorraha - intersection _chorrahaga yetmasdan chapga buriling -take a left before the intersection. yer - place O‘sha yerda nima bor? What is there (in that place)? B, \, > Now answer these questions by using the above phrases. 1. Maktab qayerda? (Go straight and take a left.) . Do‘kon qayerda? (Go towards the school and take a right.) v 3. Supermarket qayerda? (Walk past the school and turn right.)Commands and Requests 95 15-mashq: A. Look at the map below. Using the vocabulary given in 14-mashq, make a short dialogue. Use the example as a model. ta Namuna: = Kechirasiz, masjid gayerda? — Bobur ko‘chasida. — Bobur ko'chasi qayerda? — Metrodan chiging va to'g'riga yuring.96 (CHAPTERS B. Now skim the sentences below and follow the directions they give on the map on the previous page. Answer the questions. (You will notice the following, structure used in this text: Eshikni ochib, xonaga kiring. In this case -ib is used instead of va. Thus, the sentence is understood as Open the door and enter the room.) 1. Do‘kondasiz. Do’kondan chi Navoiy ko'chasi tomon yuring. Navoiy ko'chasi bo'ylab 10 metrcha yuring. Chorrahaga yetmasdan o'ngga buriling. O’sha yerda nima bor? 2. Masjiddasiz. Masjiddan chigib, Bobur ko'chasidan o'ting. Qoshg’ariy kochasi bo'ylab to’g'riga yuring. Maktab, kutubxona va maydondan o'tib, 5 metrcha yuring. Chap qo‘lda nima bor? O’ng qo'lda-chi? 3, Maktabdasiz. Maktabdan chiging. Qodiriy ko'chasi bo’ylab maydon tomon yuring, So'ng chapga, Qoshg’ariy ko'chasiga buriling. Qoshg’ariy ko'chasi bo‘ylab to’g’riga yuring, Bobur ko’chasidan o’ting. O’sha yerda nima bor? 4, Metrodasiz. Metrodan chigib, maydon tomon yuring va o'ngga buriling. Ko’cha bo‘ylab 10 metrcha yuring. Chap tomonda kutubxona bor. O’ng tomonda-chi? 5. Maydondasiz. Metro tomon yuring. Chorrahada chapga buriling. 10 metrcha yuring. Chap qo'lda nima bor? 16-mashg: 6 Now listen to the audio and follow the map given below. * Where will you end up if you follow the directions? 17-mashq: <3 Pair work. Use the city map or one of the maps given above. Give directions to your classmate and then check if she/he understood you. Then switch roles.Commanisand Requests 97 Aslo‘zbekcha Uzbek Realia 18-mashq: BP. A check allthe words that you hear in the video. metro Pushkin tramvay Amir Temur to'g‘riga ~rahmat _ metr tomon yigit avtobus ofngga ko‘cha chapga talaba kechirasiz dotkon o‘gituvchi salom aayerga yo'q yaxshi PP 5. watch the video again. What are the women looking for? 1. Pushkin ko'shasi 3. universitet 2. Amir Temur ko‘chasi 4. Amir Temur parki GPC raich te vice nenin. Classe the anaver at iran n= directions given in the video. | 1. Metro tomon yuring, so’ng chapga buriling. 2. Metro tomon yuring, so'ng o'ngga buriling. 3. Metrodan o'ngga burilib, Pushkin ko‘chasi tomon yuring. 4, Chorrahadan chapga burilib, 200 (ikki yuz) metr yuring.Additional Activities ‘Work independently to complete the activities below. Pay attention to the use of new vocabulary and structures. Glassroom expressions 19-mashq:~ / Mary, a learner of Uzbek, mixed up the sentences in the following activity. Based on the context, fix these sentences. 1. Eshikni yozing! 2. Stulni o’ging! 3. Stolni yoping! 4, Daftarga turing! 5. Kitobga o'tiring! Commands and regueste 20-mashq: /, Imagine you are a director at a secondary school in Uzbekistan. Make some rules using the situations given below. 1. You don’t want students running in the corridor (yugur-) Korridorda yugurmang! 2. You don’t like when students write in the textbooks. 3. You don’t want students eating in the classroom. (yemoq) 4. You believe students shouldn't be late. 5. You think teachers shouldn't sit on the table. So 21-mashq: \>* / Your Uzbek friend gave you some advice about spending time in Uzbekistan. Read it and then give her some advice about traveling to three locations in the United States. Mention means of transportation. Nyu-Yorkdan Toshkentga samolyotda keling. So’ng Toshkentdan ‘Samarqandga boring. U yerda qadimgi masjid va madrasalarni ziyorat giling. Registon maydoniga, so’ng Samarqand bozorlariga boring. Samarganddan Toshkentga avtobusda yok! poyezdda qayting. Toshkentda muzeylarga, parklarga va bozorlarga boring.Commanis and Requests 99 Coubination 0 case endings 22-mashq: _,’ Take words from the boxes below and make commands. In every ‘sentence use more than two words. Follow the model: kitob, Laylo, bering. Kitobni Layloga bering. objects | _ verbs Names, people and places ruchka, galam, ol, ber-, yop, Ali, Feruza, Laylo, talaba, Kitob, eshik, daftar, } ochmoq-, yoz-, o'qituvchi, Samarqand, avtobus, mashina ogi Toshkent, Nyu-York, Parij ao 23-mashq: ©@ Read the following dialogue between a teacher and a student and fll in the blanks with the endings ni, da, ga, and dan. Then listen to the audio and check your answers. O'gituvchi: Laylo, xarita gayerda? L: Men bilmayman. 0% Farrux, siz bilasizmi? F: Ha, xarita shkaf. 0’ Farrux, xarita... shkaf... oling va Laylo... bering. F: Mana xarita. O: Xarita...men...emas, Laylo... bering. F: Kechirasiz, Laylo, marhamat, xarita... ling Yangi so’zlar L: Rahmat. | shkaf - closet topmog - find ' Laylo, marhamat, xarita... Florida... toping, Giving directions 24-mashq: You are visiting Samargand. Gah ies Unfortunately, this is a very busy season, and it is es See etingor crowded everywhere you go. You can’thear the guide _echiresiz bu sma?’ well, so ask him questions. G: Mana bu bozor. Siz: G: Bu Registon maydoni. Siz: G: O'ng tomonda Al-Buxoriy maqbarasi bor. Siz: G: Bu yerda restoran bor. Siz:100 CHAPTERS ‘Muomala j-Sac }edobi Social Interaction 69 Listen to these phrases. Fi Listen fo these phrases, Fist discuss them with your eee eee Sees e a dialogue. Javob - Response Metro. gayerda dedingiz? | Kechirasiz, men bilmayman. Where did you say the metro was? Sorry, | do not know. Xaritadan ko'rsatib yuboring, iltimos. | Ha, albatta. Qayerg@ bormoachisiz? Would you show it on the ‘map? ‘Yes, sure. Where would you like to go? Kechirasiz, nima dedingiz? Taksi (metro, avtobus)da boring. am sorry, what did you say? \ Take a cab (metro, bus). Sekinrog gapiring, tushunmayapman. Please, speak stowly, | do not \ understand you.aloga bo'limi arzimaydi -Katta rahmat! -Arzimaydi. aytmoq, barakalla Bu nima degani? burilmog bo'ylab dars diktant do‘kon dorixona “sa (-B'a, aa) Sapirmoq post office You are welcome. Thank you very much. You are welcome. tosay well done give to. go ‘marketplace What does this mean? fo turn along class, lesson dictation store pharmacy to, into, for, towards (dative case ending) to speak newspaper bathroom to drink fo answer please (while requesting) Repeat it, please. is located hospital to be late excuse me to come street library dictionary ‘madrasa maktab marhamat maqbara mashina masjid maydon mehmonxona Men tushunmadim. metr metro muzey ni ochmog olmog park poyezd gadimgi gayerga qaysi gaytmoq qishlog Registon maydoni restoran samolyot savol bermoq sigaret teatr tinglamoq to'grri Commands and Requests 101 Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary religious educational institution school please (while offering) mausoleum car mosque plaza, public square hotel Ido not understand. meter metro museum accusative case ending foopen to take park train old, ancient ‘where to which to return village Registan square restaurant plane to ask a question cigarette theater to listen correct, straight102 CHAPTERS to’xtamoq tomon topmoq tramvay turmoq universitet ‘Yana ayting, iltimos. yemoq yer yigit yopmoq, yozmoq yugurmoq yurmoq ong o’ng tomonda o’ng qo'lda to stop towards; side to find tram to stand, to stand up university Say it again, please! to eat place, floor ‘young man, guy to close fowrite to run to walk right on the right on the right o’gimog o'tirmoq ‘o’tmoq. osha o’sha yerda shkaf shu atrofda chap chap tomonda chap qo'lda chekmoq chiqmoq xonadan chiging angie avtobusga chiging, choy chorraha to read to sit, to sit down to pass, to cross that, that one at that place closet around here left on the left on the left to smoke togoout Go out ofthis room. Gocutside. Get on the bus. tea intersection, road crossingOLTINCHI DARS CHAPTER SIX KUNDALIK ISHLAR DAILY ROUTINES IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! ‘ers Get started Daily routine, likes and dislikes, expressing the date * Diqqat, qoida! ‘anguage Points Present-future tense, adverbs of time, intonation * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! ‘anguace in Use Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Uzbex reali Authentic video clips * Sizga xat keldi Email Exchange Letters about Uzbek culture and people * Qo’shimcha mashdlar Additional Activities Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi so> / * Gaplamni o/qing, Put Ha or Yo’g in the space provided. ‘Check your answers with your classmates and see if you have the same likes and dislikes. - Futbolni yaxshi ko‘raman. . Tennisni yomon ko‘raman. . Mumtoz (klassik) musiqani yomon ko‘raman. . Sushini yomon ko‘raman. . Italyancha ovgatlarni yaxshi ko‘raman. . Bayramlarni yaxshi ko‘raman. . Kinolarni yomon ko‘raman. . Matematikani yaxshi ko'raman. ). Siyosatni yomon ko‘raman. 10. Rep musiqasini yaxshi ko‘raman. Senweesepe 19-mashq: “ Mustaqil ishlang, Discuss the days of the week and months of the year you like and dislike. Give a short reason.16 CHAPTER 6 20-mashq: “. Matnlarni o'gib, savollarga javob bering. Read the texts and answer the questions below. das a { Ismim Ulug'bek. Gulistonda, kichik qishlogda yashayman. Maktabda o'gituvchi bo'lib ishlayman. Oilam > bilan katta hovlida yashaymiz. Futboini, shahmatni va o’zbek mumtoz musigasini yaxshi ko'raman. ‘An’anaviy o‘2bek uylari. Odatda bir gavatli bino va hovlidan iborat bo'ladi.. Bunday uylar hovli deb ataladi. Ismim Gulnora. Asli andijonlikman. Hozir Toshkentda yashayman. Bu yerda oilam bilan uch xon. kvartirada turaman. Bankda ishlayman. Hind kinolarini yaxshi ko'raman. Sportni, ayniqsa futboini yomon ko’raman. ‘Toshkentda joylashgan ko'p w—— gavatli binolar, kvartiralar. 1. Ulug'bek qayerlik? U qayerda yashaydi? 2. U qayerda ishlaydi? 3. Ulug'bek nimalarni yaxshi ko‘radi? 4, Gulnora gayerda yashaydi? 5. Qanday kvartirada turadi? Kim bilan?Daily Routines 117 xona room hovli courtyard; house kvartira apartment gimmat expensive qishloq village bozor marketplace comfortable 21-mashq: 6 Tinglang. Now listen to this interview with Rano and. Furgat, and see if you can answer the following questions. 4. Ra’no qayerlik? Ugayerda yashaydi? 3. U bozorga boradimi? Nima uchun? 5. Furgat aka qayerda yashaydi? 22-mashq: Yozing. Using what you know about Uzbeks, write a short passage about average Americans and present it to the class. 23-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Now compare average students in Uzbekistan and in your country. A. Answer the questions about students in the USA. 1. Amerikalik talabalar barvaqt uyg‘onadilarmi? 2. Darsga har kuni boradilarmi? 3. Uy vazifalarini doim kompyuterda yozadilarmi: 4, Har kuni televizor ko'radilarmi? 5, Doim “Makdonalds”da tushlik qiladilarmi? 6. Ko'p kitob 0 int? 7. O'zbek tilini o‘rganadilarmi? 8. Shanba kunlari ham universitetga boradilarmi?118 CHAPTER 6 B.S/ Compare your opinion with that of one of your classmates. Is there anything you answered the same? Anything you put differently? Discuss. 24-mash: 6) Tinglang, How about Uzbek students? Listen to Nodira describing her weekly schedule. Take notes and fill out her schedule below. Boyarere) assistDaily Routines 119 25-mashq: Mustaqil ishlang. Using the information that you heard about Nodira, write your assumptions about Uzbek students. Present them to the class. . ’ » a 26-mashq: “9 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Look at the following words. How often do you think your Uzbek instructor does these activities? Interview a classmate to find out how often he/she thinks your instructor does them. Use one of the adverbs you learned. Add any other questions you would like to know! kofe/choy _chekmoq ovgat mashina ichmoq pishirmoq haydamoq musiqa kompyuterda +tinglamoq oyin o'ynamog Misol: televizor ko'rmog -— 1-talaba "Televizor ko'radimi? 2-talaba Ha, menimcha, har kuni televizor ko'radi.120 CHAPTER 6 1. Ayolning ismi nima? Gulbahor Gulira’no Gulnisa Zebuniso 2. Erkakning ismi nima? Raim aka Rahmon aka Rayshan aka Rasul aka 3. Konsert qachon bo'ladi? ertaga shanbada bugun yakshanbada 4, Ular qayerda uchrashadilar? “Xalglar do'stligi” saroyida__—_“Xalqlar do’stligi” metrosida “Pushkin” metrosida Konsertda 5. Ular soat nechada uchrashadilar? oltida yettida sakkizda_ olti yarimdaDaily Routines 121 28-mashq: / Watch the first part of the video one more time and match the man’s greetings to the woman’s responses. 1. Assalomu alaykum, a. Yaxshi, rahmat, xudoga shukur. Gulnisani mumkinmi? Yuribmiz. Ishlaringiz yaxshimi? 2. Ey, Gulnisa o‘zingizmisiz? " b. Ha, yaxshi, rahmat. Ha, Rahmon Yaxshimisiz? aka! Assalomu alaykum, yaxshimisiz? 3. Ha, men yaxshi yuribman. c.Ha,menGulnisaman. O'zingiz yaxshimisiz? Ishlaringiz yaxshimi? Uyichilar tinchmi? 4, Ha, sekin-sekin yuribman. d. Assalomu alaykum. 29-mashq: “9 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Get together with your classmate. Make a similar dialogue and act it out.122 CHAFTER6 24TH Thursday, 20 March 01:54:37 +0500 (UZT) SUBUEOT_Navro’z bayramil Salom Tom. Islaringiz yaxshimi? Xatingiz uchun katta rahmat. Men ham talabaman, Toshkent Davlat Texnika universitetida o'giyman. Kechquruniari “Tilar ‘markazida”inglztlini otganaman. Mening ham do'starim ko’, ular bilan, odatda, har juma yoki shanba kunlari uchrashaman. Men sportni, aynigsa futbolni yaxshi ko'raman. Aylgancha, ertaga biz Navro’z bayramini nishonlaymiz. O'zbekistonda bu bayram keng nishonianadi. Navro'z bayramida odamlar har xil milly taomlar pishirishadi, sayillarga chigishadl ‘Tom, Amerikada mart va aprel oylarida qanday bayramiar bor? Bu bayramlarni qanday nishonlaysiziar? Javobingizni kutib qolaman Hurmat ila, Sherzod Mustaqil ishlang. Decide whether the following answers are to’g’ri or noto’g’ri. 1 Sherzod universitetda o’qiydi. 2, Sherzod ingliz tilini o’raganadi. 3, Sherzod sportni yomon ko'radi. 4, Bugun Navro‘z bayrami, 5. Navro‘zda odamlar sayillarga chigadilar.Daily Routines 123 £J Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. What are some questions you would like to ask your classmate about his/her favorite holiday? Create at least three questions and ask your classmate. 32-mashq: ~ / Mustaqil ishlang. Write a short message to Sherzod describing your favorite holiday. Below is the Pobl ets | te official lebekistan, vated in ji gil - pe tion of | 7 19'Xotirava gadrach Ny Y a lemory an Mustag ai RctPect Bc ay, hau eet holy, Remason Cadel Fitd and une army A¢ ha), are also of, bon hayiti ebrstedin(faecee Healy‘Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so‘slar va grammatik qoidalarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering. Present-Future Tense 33-mashq: / » You are an exchange student and are going to live with a host family in Uzbekistan. Your host family called you and told you about themselves; however, the connection was so bad that you did not understand everything clearly. Write down the questions you would need to ask to find out the information you missed. Namuna: Mening ismim. Siz: Kechirasiz, ismingiz nima? 1. Biz yashaymiz. Siz: 2. Men. ishlayman. Siz: 3, Men har kuni soat: uyg’onaman. Siz: 4, Soat 8:30da ketaman. Siz: 5.Soat uyga qaytaman. Siz: 34-mashq: / Ularertalablari nima qiladilar? 1. Sting 2. Vladimir Putin 3. Madonna —Daily Routines 125 35-mashq: / Youarrived in Uzbekistan. Unfortunately, there was a mistake in your accommodations, and you were put ina house with ten other exchange students. There is only one bathroom and one kitchen, so you all decided to make a list of things you do daily. Write how often and at what time you do the activities below. Namuna: yuvinmog ~ Men ertalab soat yettida yuvinman. 1. Nonushta il - 2. Ovgat pishir - 3. Televizor ko'r - 4. Chek - 5. Kofe ich - 6. Tushlik qil- 36-mashq: / Look at the names of the holidays below. For each of them, write one sentence describing what people usually do on this day. 1. 4iyul, Mustagillik kuni: 2. 14-fevral, Valentin kuni: 3. Avliyo Patrik* kuni: 4. Yangi yil bayrami: 5, Shukronalik kuni: 6. Mehnat* kuni: “Avliyo Patrik kuni - St.Patrick’s day “Mehnat kuni - Labor day126 CHAPTER 6 37-mashq: © //One of the students in your house decided to go to Samargand. She forgot her calendar and is now calling you in order to confirm her schedule for next week. Read it carefully and then answer her questions. Qachon? Dushanba_—Seshanba_—Chorshanba__Payshanba Juma Renn aati 9:00- 2:00-bozor, Soat 7:00-8:00 o'tirish Dine Ge universitet Laylobilan O’zbek tili__ Alisher bilan Model: Chorshanba kuni soat ikkida kinoga boramanmi? Yo'q, chorshanba kuni soat ikkida bozorga borasiz. 1, Seshanba kuni nima qilaman? 2. O'zbek tilini qachon o'rganaman?. 3. Laylo bilan qayerga boraman? Qachon?. 4, Universitetga seshanba kuni soat nechada boraman?. 5. O tirishga qachon boraman? Soat nechada? Kim bilan? 38-mashq: “Correct the mismatches in the following sentences. Follow the model | 1. O'gituvchi barda ishlaydi. Yo'g, o’gitwochi barda ishlamaydi. U maktabda ishlaydi. 2. Professor do’konda ishlaydi. = . 3, Jurnalist bozorda ishlaydi. 4, Aktyor shifoxonada ishlaydi. 5, Sportchi choyxonada ishlaydi. 6. Shifokor stadionda ishlaydi. 7. Sotuvchi universitetda ishlaydi.Daily Routines 127 yasshé ho rmog and yomon ho 'rmog - to like aud disike 39-mashq: / What are some things that your host brother/sister from Uzbekistan likes to do? Ask him/her about it and then answer these questions yourself too Model: _ovgat - Siz qanday ovqatlarni yaxshi ko'rasiz? Men italyancha ovgatlarni yaxshi ko'raman. 1. sport ino 3, fan (matematika, geometriya, tarix), musiga (pop, rok) kitob 40-mashq: / How would you introduce the people in the pictures below? Choose one of them and make several statements, mention their name, location, profession, and the languages they speak. Also (using the new vocabulary and structures) describe their daily routine, future plans, likes and dislikes.128 CHAPTER 6 ‘at-mashq: 6@) You are in Tashkent and want to go out for dinner, but you are not sure where to go. Suddenly this short commercial about a newly opened restaurant played on the radio you were listening to. You are really interested about the days they are open and the food they serve. Listen to the audio and answer the questions below. 1, What is the name of the restau- rant? a. Bahor b. O’zbekiston c, Toshkent d. Bahor 2. What city is it in? a. Toshkent b. Farg‘ona ¢.Qo'gon d. Buxoro 3. What days do they serve European dishes? a. Tuesday and Wednesday b. Monday and Tuesday c. Monday and Wednesday d. Tuesday and Friday 4, What street is it on? a. Bobur b. Navoiy c. Zulfuya d. Abay 42-mashq: The following is a monthly pass for various types of public transportation. Skim the text and answer the questions, You do not need to understand each word. a. Who can use this pass? b. For what month is it issued? c. What types of transportation is it valid for? d. How do you say “monthly pass” in Uzbek? Vin pf te US me 014822 car 2003 VIL yup ex: WVULDaily Routines 129 Social Interaction ‘Muomala odobi Social !nieraction lass. is irst, discuss them with your instructor in cl Tear fe Dee Wa wih is eae Tra ‘Telefonda gaplashish- ) ~—Speaking onthe phone | art | Labbay! Hello? | Hello, Kechirasiz, Lola shu yerdamilar? | Eshitaman! 's Lola there? | Hello. (lit: 1 hear you) Lolani mumkinmi2 | Ha, hozir, May | speak to Lola? | Just a moment, please. lofi bo'tsa, Lolani chaqirib bering. Hozir chaqiraman, May | speak to Lola, please? VU call her now. ‘Menga Lola kerak edi, | Lola yo'q edi. Kechrog telefon giling, lit: | needed Lota, | Sorry, but Lota is not here, | | Please call tater, | Kechirasiz, kim bo‘lasiz? | Excuse me, who is talking? Nima deb qo‘yay? Can | take a message? _Albatta aytaman, | Sure, Pll let him/her know. | Mayli, xo'p, | Ok, bye. subbat___— - Allo! N ESA: Satimovlar xonadonimi ~ Vaalaykum assalom, ha, Salimovlar xonadoni. ta , ha, ji. U uydami? bek kerak edi. Us i Meg ecrras, kim bo'lasiz? - Ha, uyda. ridaman. Men Foret ehadiraman.130 CHAPTER 6 Yangi solar Vocabulay asli ayniqsa aytgancha ba‘zan bank barvagt bayram bemalol bilmoq birhaftadan keyin bo'lib ishlamoq bormog bozor dars qilmoq davom ettirmog doim ertaga ertalab fan hafta har kuni har xil hech kim hech qachon hech qayer hovli hozir ichmoq indinga ish ishlamoq originally especially, particularly by the way sometimes bank early holiday ‘fluently, easily to know in a week toworkas, to be employed as togo marketplace to study (the homework assignment, for the exam) to continue, to carry on always tomorrow in the morning subject (math, physics) ‘week every day various, different nobody never nowhere Ucbek style homes, courtyard now, nowadays to drink the day after tomorrow work to work kamdan-kam kech kechki ovqat kechqurun kelajakda kelasi yil kelmoq keng ketmog keyin kino ko'p ko'rmog kofe/qahva konsert kun kundalik kunduz kvartira maktab mashina mashina haydamoq ay mumtoz musiga Mustagillik Kuni Navro’z nishonlamoq nonushta qilmoq odatda ‘ovgat pishirmog rarely late, p.m. dinner evening in the future next year to come wide, widely to leave after movie ‘much, many, a lot to watch, to see coffee concert day daily, routine day apartment school car, automobile to drive a car national classical music independence day Navruz, Central Asian new year celebration to celebrate fo have breakfast usually to cook a mealDaily Routines 131 peshin gachon gaytmoq gilmoq gimmat fanaffusga chigmoq ‘animoq faxminan tertez tinglamoq, ‘turmoq tushlik qilmoq hxonali noon when to come back, to return todo expensive village comfortable, convenient palace to go for a picnic to love politics at what time fo buy sport then; after break, recess to have a break to be acquainted, to know ‘approximately, around frequently to listen to end, to finish night to stay, to live, to get up tohave lunch (apartment, house) with three rooms fo meet to sleep 0 go to bed to wake up homework assignment room to like toeat yomon ko‘rmog to dislike yuvinmog fo wash oneself o’qimoq to read, to study o'rganmoq fo learn o'tirish party o’ynamoq to play o'yin game O‘zingizmisiz? Is that you? shahmat chess chekmoq to smoke Days of the week Dushanba ‘Monday Seshanba Tuesday Chorshanba Wednesday Payshanba Thursday Juma Friday Shanba Saturday Yakshanba Sunday Names of months Yanvar January Fevral February Mart ‘March Aprel April May May Iyun June yal July Avgust August Sentabr September Oktabr October Noyabr November Dekabr DecemberYETTINCHI DARS CHAPTER SEVEN OILANGIZ KATTAMI? TALKING ABOUT THE FAMILY IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Family and kinship terms * Diqqat, qoida! Possessive suffixes, genitive case, more on accusative case * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary ¢ Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter14 CHAPTER? 1-mashq; ()@ O’qing va tinglang! Follow along with the words and listen to how they are pronounced on the audio. o'gtil ona va farzand ota va farzand 6 q >» ‘ I; sin me uka buva- grandfather tog’a - maternal uncle amma - paternal aunt buvi- grandmother xola- maternal aunt —_jiyan - nephew/niece nabira - grandchild amaki - paternal uncleTalking about the Family 135 2mashq: A. “ Mustaqil ishlang. Divide the vocabulary given on the previous page into the following categories. AYOL ERKAK Jamolxon Dilshod B. /. Choose at least two people from the family tree above and describe their relationship to the other members of their family. Example: Farhod — ota, er iName: | = Relationship 2Name: Relationship 3Name: ——_sRRelationship136 CHAPTER? 3-mashq: ’ Mustagil ishlang. Zoir, a friend of Dilshod, has written a description of his family. Read it and draw his family tree using the family tree above as a guide.Talking about the Family 137 Diqgat, goidat! = | Learn ther new arti pots and complete the grammar-telated activities. it ae > 1. Possessive: first person singular The first person singular possessive (my form) in Uzbek is expressed by adding the genitive case ending -ning to the noun indicating the Possessor, and the possessive ending -m to the noun indicating the Possession. For example: mening otam - my father mening o‘gituvchim - my teacher If a noun ends in a consonant, the filler vowel -i is added. For example: mening kitobim - my book mening galamim - my pencil In spoken Uzbek, the pronoun is usually dropped, as otam already means my father. Furthermore, you can easily change a statement to a question by adding -mi to the stem of the word. Bu mening daftarim. This is my notebook. Bu mening daftarimmi? Is it my notebook? ES tee OS Sn NE Note: ‘The Uzbek words bola and farzand are synonyms that mean child. Mening ikkita farzandim bor. Mening ikkita bolam bor. Thave two children. ‘The word rafiqa-wife is frequently used in introductions. For example: Tanishing, bu mening rafiqam, Zilola. Vd like you to meet my wife, Zilola, The word oila-fimily is frequently used to refer to xotin-wife. (for more information, see Cultural Notes of Chapter 9) 4-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang, With the grammar points you just learned, go back to the family tree above. Pretending you are one of the members of the family, describe the family tree. Follow the model: If you choose Feruza: Mening ismim Feruza, bu mening akam Jamolxon, and so on. Describe all the members of the family.138 CHAPTER? ‘Note: Use bor and yoq for saying that you either have or don’t have someone. You don’t have to change anything else. Examples: (Mening) ukam bor. Ihave a younger brother. (Mening) otam yoq. I don’t have a father. 5-mashq: © Gaplarni o’ging. Ular siz uchun to’g‘rimi yoki noto’g’ri? 1. Oilam katta emas 2. Oilam o'n kishidan iborat. 3. Mening opam bor. 4. Mening ukam yo'q. 5, Mening singlim bor. 6. Buvam va buvim bor. 7. Akam bor. 8, Oilada yolg‘iz farzandman. 6-mashq; :j Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Using the vocabulary you learned tell your classmate about your immediate family. When describing. your family, try to answer the following questions: Oilangiz kattami? Oilangiz necha kishidan iborat? Qayerda yashaysTalking about the Family 139 F \ 2. Possessive: second and t first person plural ‘These forms are illustrated in the table below. Sees (ening) onang your mother (ening) kitobing your book (sizning) onangiz your mother (resp) _(sizning) kitobingiz your book (resp) person, and (uning) onasi hhisther mother _(uning) kitobt his/her book (bizning) onamiz our mother (Gizning) kitobimiz our book (sizlarning) onangiz your mother (sizlarning) kitobinglz your book their mother (larning) kitobi thelr book (ularning) onasi Note that the suffix -lar is added to the possession when this noun isin plural form. For example: ularning kitobi - their book } ularning kitoblari - their books Consonantal voicing: Some consonants change when they occur in the final position; -k changes to -g and -q changes to -g'. ko‘ylak+im - ko‘ylagim-my shirt goshiq + ing - qoshig‘ing-your spoon Fleeting vowels: Sometimes the vowel sound in the middle of the | word is dropped when the possessive ending is added to the word. |The list of these words is given below: o'g‘il-son: o’g'lim, o’g'ling, o'g‘lingiz, o'g‘li shahar-city: shahrim, shahringiz, shahri burun-nose: burnim, burning, burningiz, burni 0g'iz-mouth: og'zim, og'zing, og‘zingiz, og'zi singil-sister: singlim, singling, singlingiz, singlisi | (notice that in singil -si is added to the 3rd person singular form) However, the vowel is not dropped in the plural. o‘g‘illarim-my sons; shaharlaringiz-your cities; singillarimiz-our sisters, ularning o‘g‘illari-their sons, sizning ofg‘illaringiz-your sons. —_ — 7-mashq: 2 Suhbatlashing. Point to some items in the classroom and ask your classmate who those items belong to. Switch roles. Model: Bu sizning ruchkangizmi?CHAPTER? 8-mashq: / Xatosini toping. Read this sample of a student's writing. There are sor mistakes in the use of case and possessive suffixes. Find and correct (Check the language points 1 and 2) 1. Akam Nyu-Yorkga ketadi. 2. Sening singiling yoki ukang bormi? 3. Uning o‘g‘ili maktabda o‘qimaydi. 4, Mening daftarimiz yangi. 5. Farruxning buruni katta. 6. Bizning shaharimiz uncha toza emas. 7. Uning singli yoq. 8, Sizning daftari eski. 9. Uning qishloqi Toshkentga yaqin. 10. Ularning onamizning yangi mashinasi bor. 9-mashg: / Mustagil ishlang! Working with flashcards, take several index cards and write a pronoun on one side; leave the other side blank. Then find a picture and attach it to the other index card. Make two piles of index cards ~ one with pronouns and the other with pictures. ‘Take one from each pile and form the possessive following the model. Bizning qizimiz You can add the nouns that you have learned in previous chapters. Don’t write the word under the picture, so that you will be practicing both the possessives and the nouns!Talking about the Family 3. Accusative case -ni In Chapter 5, it was mentioned that the accusative case ending -ni marks direct objects which are considered to be specific, such ‘as Men kitobni o‘qidim. | read the book. Accusative case marking is also obligatorily used in the following cases: a. when the direct object is a proper noun (Jamila, Karim, Anna, Toshkent, Boston). b. when the direct object is referred to using a personal or "question pronoun, such as: ‘Siz Ahmadni sevasz, You love Ahmad, ‘mad loves you ‘Ahmade!ko'edingtzmi? Kimmo ko'rdingl2? | Did you see Ahmad? Who(m) did you see? | Alisher Lolani tanimaydi. Alisher uni tanimaydi. Alisher doesn't know Lola. Alisher doesn’t know her. . when the direct object is modified by a demonstrative pronoun. Men kitob o'qidim. ‘Men bu kitobni ogidim. sn Me d. when the direct object has a possessive ending. Ussizning kitobingizni olbkeldi. She brought your book Ertaga mashinamoi yuvaman. 'll wash my car tomorrow. Xolasniyaxshibilaman. | know his aunt very wel. ui"iy waysily (CHAPTER? | FAMILY TREE “2Talking about the Family 143 10-mashq: “ Mening oilam. What are some kinship terms in Uzbek? Using the family tree on the previous page and the following text, learn more about kinship terms. 1, Alisher Dilshodning buvasi. 2. Farida Dilshodning buvisi, Dilshod Alisher va Faridaning nabirasi. 3. Akbar Dilshodning amakisi, Dilshod Akbarning jiyani. 4, Akrom va Shahlo Dilshodning amakivachchalari. 5. Ziyoda Dilshodning ammasi, Ali Ziyodaning eri, Farrux ularning Farrux Dilshodning ammavachchasi. 6. Munisa Dilshodning ______ u turmushga chiqmagan, 7. Nosir Dilshodning 8. Zuhra Nosimning va Dilshodning Dilshod Nosir va Zuhraning 9. Ozod va Guli Dilshodning 10. Laylo Dilshodning 11. Aziza Dilshodning xolasi. Aziza beva. Hasan va Husan Azizaning Ular egizak. Hasan va Husan Dilshodning xolavachchalari, Dilshod Azizaning 12. Sherzod Dilshodning tog‘asi, u uylanmagan. Dilshod Sherzodning S 13. Guli Faridaning kelini va Farida Gulining qaynonasi. 14, Nosir Ozodning gaynotasi va Ozod Nosimning kuyovi.14 CHAPTER7 11-mashq: “, Savollarga javob bering. Read the questions and answer them using the extended family tree above. Follow the model. Model: Ziyoda [smoilning ammasimi? Yo'g, Ziyoda Ismoilning onasi. 2. Akbar Alisherning qaynotasimi: 3. Ozod Layloning otasimi? 12-mashq: /_ Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Now make up three questions of your own and ask a classmate 13-mashq: _” Savollarga javob bering, Follow the model. Namu: tangizning xotini kim? Otamning xotini mening onam. 1, Singlingizning ukasi kim? 2. Xolangizning o'g'li kim?Talking about the Family 145 14-mashq: O’qing va savollarga javob bering. Read the following puzzles. Can you solve them? ‘a, Mening opam yo'g, mening akam yo'g, ‘mening singlim yo'g, mening ukam yo'q. Lekin bu rasmdagi yigit mening otamning va. ‘onamning o'g\li, U kim? b. Onamning opasining uch o'g)li va to'rt gizi bor. Onamning ukasining tort qi: ‘o'glli bor. Otamning opasining uch qi gli bor, otamning akasining to'rt o' ‘Mening necha amakim, ammam, xolam va tog’am bor? ‘Mening necha amakivachcham, ammavachcham, xolavachcham va togavachcham bor? 5 sasha: O@) SM rTinelang va saycllnren |aveb becinette eter describe his family, then look at the picture and answer the following questions. 1, Farida kimning rafiqasi? 2. Laylo Faridaning qizimi? 3. Ziyod kimning o'g'li? 4. Qahramon kim? 5. Ravshan va Zilola kimning farzandlari? BN = Surat ele lati chapea fain. Qahramon, Farida, Jasur, Alisher, Ra'no. Bolalar, o'ngdan chapga: Zilola, Ziyod, Laylo ve Ravehan,146 CHAPTERT ‘16-mashq: A. «>» Matnni o’ging. Farruxning oilasi. Read the text and try to match the name with the picture. bee on io alicia tS CTE said on the audio. Make a list of all the differences.Talking about the Family 147 wenashe GOP GJ Nuatatar o'rniga kerakli so‘alami go'yib, matnni to‘ldiring, Read the text and fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. ‘Then watch the first video clip again to check your answers. Oilamiz uncha emas. Oilada mening otam, onam vaikkita_ bor. Mana bu mening onam, Buesa to'ngiich opam. Bu mening ikkinchi opam. Men oilada kenja farzandman. To'nglich opam - Ularning ikkita farzandlari bor. Ikkinchi opam hali turmushga chigmaganlar. Shu mening Biz Toshkentda a8- mash: PG Watch the second video clip and anewentiuse questions. Discuss your answers with a classmate. Then watch the clip one more time and check your answers. Uning oilasi kattami? Ular qayerda yashaydilar? ¥ Otasining kasbi nima? Onasining kasbi nima?148 CHAPTERTalking about the Family 149 ‘Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va ‘grammatik qoidalarning ishlatlishiga ahamiyat bering. Ularning 19mashq: ~ /’_ Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive endings. Bu men_— ila —. Oila_—_ katta emas. Oilada ota-ona____, opa___, uka____va singlim bor. Opa_— turmushga chiqqan. Opa —— en univeristetda o’gituvchi bo'lib ishlaydi. U— ikki farzand_—_ bor. Laylo to‘rt yoshda va Nozim bir yoshda, Uka_—_va singli_—_ maktabda o’qiydilar. Men talabaman. 20-mashq: ~ / Your host family called you again and as usual the connection was really bad, Write down the questions you would need to ask to find out the missing pieces of information. ‘Namuna: O’g’limning ismi.. Kechirasiz, o’g'lingizning ismi nima? 1. Oilamiz. Siz: 2. Rafigam ——_ bo'lib ishlaydi. Siz: 3. og'lim bor. Siz: 4. To'ng’ich o’g'limning ismi —_—.. Siz: 5. Farida mening —_______ Siz:150. CHAPTER 7 2i-mashq: Use the words given to make sentences (words connected by a hyphen indicate “possessor-possession”). The first one is done for you. 1. men-daftar, eski SADE AOE 2. Ibrohim-mashina, yangi 3. o'qituvchi-ism, Farida 4. sen-kitob, qayerda? 5. wota, kim? 6, Ismoil-giz, chiroyli 7. biz-universitet, kata 8. ular-sinf, yangi 9, siz-buvi, kasal 22-mashq: \,/'. Now that you know some things about your host family, write a short letter to them. Tell them about yourself, your family members, their names, and where they live.Talking about the Family 151 is described here. Number the : / Lookat the following family tree. Describe it as if it were your family. Name the people, say where they live, and what they do. Mention all the kinship terms, Nosir Zahra152 CHAPTER7 isten to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in class. ‘ith your instru: To using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dial Sa ue. “Tabriklash - Congratulations | Javob - Response Bayramingiz muborak bo'lsin! | Rahmat. Happy holidays! Thank you! Tug‘ilgan kuningiz bilan tabriklayman! _Sizning ham bayramingiz muborak Happy birthday! bottsin. Yangi yilingiz qutlug* bo'tsin! Happy holidays to you, too. Happy New Year! | Sizga ham shu niyatlarni tilayman. Sizga sihat-salomatlik tilayman. | Twish you all the best, too. | wish you health! Tabrigingiz uchun rahmat. Umringiz uzoq bo'sint Thank you for the well wishes. lit: May you live long! Baxt-saodat, omad va uzoq umr tilaymant wish you happiness, luck and long life! Farida, tu » tugtilgan ku; Sizga sihat-: iningiz bilan raha a l0matlkthayman, > Ulug'bek aka, eres bayramingiz m sing ham bayraming oa *Isin, briklayman,Talking about the Family 153 divorced older brother uncle (paternal) cousin (child of amaki) ‘aunt (paternal) cousin (child of amma) widow child nose grandfather grandmother feoin Iusband and, as for child accountant surgeon nephew/niece great grandfather great grandmother daughter-in-law; bride son-in-law; groom nice, kind grandchild mother older sister father mother-in-law father-in-law village singil to'ngtich tog’a tog/avachcha turmushga chiqmagan turmushga chiqqan Uto'rt yoshda uylangan uylanmagan vafot etgan vafot etmoq xola xolavachcha xotin yaqin yolgiiz yuvmoq o'giil o’ynamoq daughter; girl wife picture, drawing younger sister to be acquainted, to know eldest uncle (maternal) cousin (child of tog’a) lean single, unmarried (for women) ‘married (for women) He is 4 years old. younger brother not so, not very ‘married (for men) single, unmarried (for men) passed away to pass away ‘aunt (maternal) cousin (child of xola) ‘wife, woman close only, lonely to wash son to play citySAKKIZINCHI DARS CHAPTER EIGHT DESCRIBING PEOPLE AND THINGS AY IN THIS CHAPTER » * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Describing people and things, colors in Uzbek * Diqqat, qoida! Adjectives, postpositions, present continuous tense * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to reinforce grammar and vocabulary * Asl o’zbekcha Practicing skills using an authentic video * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Reinforce new structures and vocabulary by completing extra activities * Muomala odobi Study phrases used in native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so’zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter156 CHAPTERS I-mashq: @ (O/qing va tinglang! Follow along with the words and listen to how they are pronounced on the audio. kichik. So‘zlar soch hair xunuk ugly gora black burun nose ozg‘in skinny ko'k blue qosh eyebrow semiz fat yashil green quloq ear chiroyli pretty jigarrang brown ko‘z eye kuchsiz weak oq white yosh young baquwvat strong qizil red keksa old kambag‘alDescribing People and Things 157 Match each word on the left to the word on the right with the opposite meaning. ‘Matnni oging va quyidagi savollarga javob bering. Based on the text and the drawing, answer the questions below.158 CHAPTERS 4-mashq: O’gituvchingiz bilan ishlang. Your instructor will describe one of the people in the drawing. Listen carefully and try to figure out who is being described. 5-mashq: «Sy Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Look at the physical characteristics of your classmates. Describe one of them to another classmate and see if he/she can figure out who you are describing. Switch roles. Diqaqat, qoida' “Reve then garmin pots and complete the grammar-related activities. 1, Adjectives: comparative and superlative degrees In order to make comparative adjectives in Uzbek, the suffix -Foq is added to the stem of the adjective. To make the superlative eng is placed before the adjective. atta rattaroq eng katta ichik ——Kichikrog eng kichie chiroyli __chiroytirog eng chiroyt The English word than is expressed in Uzbek with the ablative case. For example: ‘Azim Nodirdan yoshrog. Azim is younger than Nodir. (lit: Azim from Nodir is younger. ) The word qaraganda can be used when comparing things. Nodirga qaraganda Azim yoshroq. Compared to Nodir, Azim is younger. Adverbs such as juda-very and nihoyatda-extremely can also be used with adjectives. nihoyatda baland-extremely tall juda qimmat-very expensive , Ne asple and Things 159 Note: The words baland-high and past-low are antonyms; baland and past can be used with the word bo‘y-lieight to mean tall and short. For example: ‘Uning bo’yi baland. He is tall. (lit: His height is high). Sening bo'ying past. You are short (lit: Your height is low). Farida baland bo‘yli ayol. Farida is a tall woman. (lit: Farida is a woman with a high height.) ‘Ana u past bo’yli yigit sizning ukangizmi? Is that shor! young man your younger brother? (it: Is that young man with low height your younger brother?) To describe the length of an object kalta-short and uzun-long are used. Uning sochi kalta. He has short hair. Faridaning sochi uzun. Farida’s hair is long. Note: ‘The word ko’k-blue is translated as green when used with the following words. ko’k choy - green tea ko’kat - greens (cilantro, dill, etc.) Ko'k choy ichasizmi? Do you drink green tea? Yo’q, qora (pamil) choy olib keling. No, bring black tea. (pamil choy used in colloquial speech.) Qishda ko‘katlar qimmat bo'ladi. Greens are expensive in winter: In other cases, the word yashil-green is used. Yashil ko’ylakdagi yigit ingliz tilida yaxshi gapiradi. The young man in the blue shirt speaks good English. Yashil sviter va ko‘k jinsi sotib olamiz. We'll buy green sweater and blue jeans. Uning ko‘zlari yashil, peshonasida esa g’alati chandig’i bor. He has green eyes, and a strange scar on his forehend.160 CHAPTERS Alisher 6mashq: “Alisher, Guli va Lola hagida yozing, Follow the model. 7-mashq: “3 Sinfdoshlaringiz bilan ishlang. Describe the physical characteristics of a famous person and let your classmates figure ‘out who you are describing. At first, give only two sentences; then let your classmates ask you questions about the person.Describing People and Things 161 2. Postpositions | In English sentences, like those below, the words such as behind and between are prepositions. There is a huge lake behind this forest. There is no secret between us. ‘Other English prepositions include words such as for, among, with, toward and others. Notice that these words precede the noun or the pronoun they modify (between us, behind this forest) In Uzbek, similar words are called postpositions, because they always follow the noun or the pronoun they modify. In Uzbek, there are two types of postpositions. a. true postpositions: keyin, avval, orgali (see Chapters 9 and 15) b. postpositions derived from nouns, such as: ich - inside tag - under ust - top o‘rta - middle yon - side ‘old - front orga - back _ora- among The second type of postpositions behave differently than any of the English prepositions. These postpositions stay in the possessor- possessed relationship with the nouns or pronouns they follow. These ouns or pronouns receive the genitive case -ning and the postpositions receive the appropriate possessive suffix (-(i)m, -(i)ngiz, -(i)miz). Also, depending on the context, case endings -da, -ga or -dan are attached after the possessive suffix. This can be best demonstrated by the following examples: tuyning ichida - inside the house (notice the agreement between uy and ich’) bizning oramizda - among us (notice the agreement between biz and orarniz) ‘mening oldimda - in front of me (notice the agreement between men and old) Karima, kitobingizni xaltaning ichidan oling. Karima, please take your book out (from) of your bag. Itimos, mana shu daftarni stolning ustiga qo‘ying. Please, place this notebook on (top of) the table. Note: Once you are comfortable using this structure, you can drop the genitive ending -ning in phrases where the possessor is expressed by a ‘common noun: xalta ichidan, stol ustiga. Shahar markazida, katta minora yonida kasalxona bor. In the center of the city, next to the large tower, there is a hospital. ered Na1682 CHAPTER 8. Note: ‘There are some cases when the suffix -ning can be dropped: 1. When the possessor is expressed by a common noun. For example: shaharning markazi - shahar markazi the center of the city stolning tagida - stol tagida ~ under the table 2. With geographical names, -ning is not used. Orol dengizi - Aral Sea Alp tog'lari - Alpine mountains 3. With proper names, when expressing possession, the suffix -ning is not dropped. With proper names, when translating the term named after, the suffix -ning is dropped. Compare the sentences below. Layloning kitobi - Laylo’s book, and Navoiy muzeyi - muscum named after Navoiy. Alining mashinasi - Ali's car, and Ford mashinasi - a Ford (a car with this brand name.) 8-mashq: _/ Savollarga javob bering. Look at the drawings on the first page of this chapter and answer the questions below. 1. Qizning chap tomonida kim bor? 2. Cholning o'ng tomonida kim bor? 3. Ayol qayerda? 4, Bolaning buvasi qayerda? 5. Qizning o‘ng tomonida nima bor? 6. It qayerda? 7. Yigitning o‘ng tomonida kim bor? 9-mashq: O’gituvchingiz bilan ishlang. Answer your instructor's questions about the students and objects in your classroom. ‘Model: O': Kitob qayerda? T: Kitob stolning ustida. O*: Ruchka kitobning o'ng tomonidami? T: Yo‘q, chap tomonida. 10-mashgq: “9 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. In pairs, gather several classroom objects; each of you should have the same number of items. Sit back- to-back. Choose an item to place and describe. As you place the item, give instructions so that your classmate may place his same items in the same position. For example, say: Daftarni stol ustiga qo’ying. Kitobni daftarning ustiga qo‘ying. Put the notebook on the table. Place the book on top of the notebook. After you finish, check if you understood each other correctly. The items should be placed similarly. Switch roles.Describing People and Things 163 I1-mashq: _,/ Savollarga javob bering. Look at the map given in 15-mashq_ of Chapter 5 and answer the questions below. 11. Masjidning chap tomonida nima bor? 2. Navoiy ko'chasining o'ng tomonida qaysi bino bor? 3, Kutubxonaning to’g’risida nima bor? 4, Metro bekati qaysi ko’chaga yaqin? 12-mashq; (2) Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Think of five questions about a specific location in your city and have your classmate give you answers. You can also use words such as janub-south, shimol-north, sharq-east, g/arb-west in your sentences. They function the same as the words ust and yon to express a specific location. Afg’oniston O’zbekiston janubida joylashgan. Afganistan is located to the south of Uzbekistan.164 CHAPTERS 3. Present continuous tense The present continuous tense is used to express an action which is taking place at the present moment. It follows the following pattern: verb stem + yap + personal predicate ending Men yozyapman - iam writing Biz ishlayapmiz - We are working | ‘Sen ko'ryapsan - You are seeing Stzlar yuguryapsiziar - You are running Siz gapiryapsiz - You are speaking | | U kutyapti - She/he is waiting (for) _Ular yuguryaptilar - They are running In colloquial speech, for the 3rd person plural, the ending -(i)shyapti is very common. Ular yozyaptilar. or Ular yozishyapti. They are writing Negative form To make the negative form of this tense add -ma before the tense suffix -yap. ‘Men gapirmayapman. | am not talking. | U kulmayapti. He is not laughing. Note: When the verbs turmog-to stay, to stand, yotmoq-to lie down, yurmog-to walk and o'tirmog-to sit are used in the present continuous tense, they convey the process of doing these actions, such as: Parda tushirilib, odamlar o‘rinlaridan turishyapti. The curtains are going down and the audience is getting up. To convey a more durative meaning, these verbs need to be used in a different form. In this case, the ending -ib is added and followed by the personal endings (this form is used only in affirmative and question forms, the negative form is used with -yap). Qabulxonada bir erkak o'tiribdi. A man is sitting in the reception room. Hozir qayerda turibsiziar? Where are you staying now? Yo'a, ular dasturxon atrofida o'tirishmayapti. No, they are not sitting ‘around the table. Note: In literary Uzbek, a form with the suffix -moqda is used to express the actions in progress. It is common to use this form in mass media. Maktab bitiruychilari imtihonga tayyorlanmogdalar. School graduates are preparing for exams. Prezident nutq so‘zlamoqda. The President is delivering a speech. Neaeman \ — ReDescribing Peopleand Things 165 13-mashq: A.” Mustagil ishlang. Read the text and fill in the spaces with the appropriate words. B. 6 Tinglang. Once you are done, listen to the audio to check your answers. 14-mashq:”. Mustagil ishlang. Quyidagi gaplar siz.uchun to'g' imi yoki noto’g'ri? 1. Hozirgi vaqtda o'zbek tilini o'rganyapman. 2. O'zbek tilini O'rta Osiyoda o’rganyapman. 3. Bugun sinfdoshlarim faqat o'zbek tilida gaplashyaptilar. 4. Bu semestrda o’zbek tilidan tashqari, yana ikkita dars olyapman. 5, Sinfdoshlarimdan biri telefonda gaplashyapti. 6,Sinfdoshlarimdan biri o'zbek tilidan tashgari, turk tilini ham o'rganyapti.165 CHAPTERS 15-mashq: “ Fargini aytib bering. Compare the drawing below with the drawing on the first page of this chapter and make a list. Compare your list with that of your classmates.Describing People and Things 167 Note: Verb o'xshamog: The object of the verb takes the case ending -ga. (Men) onamga o‘xshayman. | look like my mother. Ukam otamga o‘xshaydi. My brother looks like my father. ‘o'xshamog is usually used with: bir-biri - each other har xil - various, different Bu qiz sizning singlingizmi? Bir-biringizga umuman o‘xshamas ekansizlar! Is this your sister? You do not look like each other at all. The verb o‘xshamog is also used in constructions that correspond to English seems like and looks like. Karim yaxshi odamga o‘xshaydi. Karim looks like a good person. Kun sovuqaa o'xshaydi. /¢ looks cold (lit: the day looks cold). Kino qiziqga o'xshaydi. The movie seems interesting. Karim bandga o'xshaydi. Karim seems busy. 16-mashg: “2 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Mark the following statements as to’g‘ri or noto‘g’ri for you and your family. Then get together with a classmate and discuss each of them. 1. Aka-uka va opa-singillarimga o’xshayman. 2. Otamga o’xshayman. 3. Akam va men bir-birimizga o'xshaymiz. 4. Ukam menga o’xshamaydi. 5. Singlim onamga o’xshaydi. 6. Oilada yolg’iz farzandman. 7. Otam buvamga o'xshaydi. 8. Onam buvimga o'xshaydi.168 CHAPTER 8 17-mashg: «> Caine va suhbatlashing. Read the text and discuss it in class. Bu bola Ziyoda va Nozimning o‘g'li. ‘g‘tim menga o'xshaydi. Ayniqsa, ko‘zlari va qoshlari xuddi menikidek” — deydi. Nozim esa do‘stlariga: “O'g'tim menga o'xshaydi”— deydi. Qaynota va qaynonalar bu fikrga qo‘shilmaydilar. Ziyodaning onasi hammaga: “Nabiram menga o*xshaydi”—deydi. Nozimning otasi esa: “Nabiram xotinimga o‘xshaydi. deydi. Shavkatga esa baribir. 18-mashq: / Mustagil ishlang. Look at the photo of Gulnisa and her daughter. Using the text above and the adjectives you've learned, describe them. Uning ismi Shavkat. Ziyoda hammaga:Describing People and Things 169) Do‘stalaringiz ko‘pmi? Ular orasida eng faol kishi kim? Do'stlarimning barchasi yaxshi, lekin ularning orasida, menimcha, Karim eng faol odam. U o'rta maktabda o‘qituvchi bo'lib ishlaydi. Fizika va matematikadan dars beradi. Karim juda faol kishi. U sport bilan shug‘ullanadi, musiqaga qizigadi, doira va dutor chaladi. O‘quychilarini har oyda bir marta muzeylarga olib boradi.170 CHAPTERS 20-mashq: Sizning do‘stlaringiz-chi? Savollarga javob bering. | 1. Do‘stlaringiz orasida eng faol kishi kim? | 2. Do'stlaringiz orasida eng tirishgoq kishi kim? | 3. Ishyogmas do‘stlaringiz bormi? 4, Qaysi rangni yaxshi ko'rasiz? 5. Mushugingiz yoki itingiz bormi? Ularni tasvirlab bering. 2z1-mashq; 69 Tinglang. Look at the pictures below of Zebo and her family Listen to her description of one of the two photos. First answer the questions below, then try to figure out which picture she is describing. 22-mashq: © /, Savollarga javob bering. | 1. Zeboning akasi bormi? 2. Zebo qayerda yashaydi? | 3. Uning birinchi opasining ismi nima? 4. Zeboning ikkinchi opasi kim? Uning farzandlari bormi? | 5. Zeboning otasi qayerda ishlaydi? 6. Zebo kim?Describing Peopleand Things 471 23-mashq: «>. Bu qaysi davlat? Read the following text about various countries and try to figure out which country is being described. 1, Bu davlat O'rta Osiyoning shimoli-sharqida joylashgan. Bu davlat g’arbda O’zbekiston, sharqda Xitoy va shimolda Qozog ‘iston bilan chegaradosh. Bu davlatning poytaxti Bishkek shahri. Bu qaysi davlat? 2. Bu davlat O'rta Osiyoning janubi-g’arbida joylashgan. Bu davlat janubi- sharqda Afg’oniston va janubda Eron bilan chegaradosh. Bu daviatning poytaxti Ashgabat shahri. Bu qaysi davlat? 3. Bu davlat O’rta Osiyoning janubi-shargida joylashgan. U g/arbda O’zbekiston, shimolda Qirg'iziston va sharqda Afg’oniston bilan chegaradosh. Bu davlat maydonining 90 foizi tog’lardan iborat. Bu davlatning poytaxti Dushanbe shahri. Bu gaysi davlat? 24-mashq: Sinfdoshlaringiz bilan ishlang. Using the previous activity as a model, create your own puzzles, Present them to the class, and see if any of your classmates can figure out which country you are describing. 25-mashq: A. \, >» O’gituchingiz bilan ishlang. Skim the short pieces taken from Abdulla Qodiriy’s work O’tkan kunlar - Bygone Days. Reading the words in bold, can you match the pictures to the descriptions? 1. Og‘ tabiatlik, ulug' gavdalik, ko'rkam va og yuzlik, kelishgan, qora ko'zlik, mutanosib qora goshlik va endigina mo‘ylabi sabza urgan bir yigit. 0.0... bu yigit Toshkandning mashhur a'yonlaridan bo lean Yasufbek hojining oi — Otabek. (O'tkan kunlar, 11-bet) Cee172 CHAPTERS ~-- uzun bo Slik, qora cho tir yuk, chag ir ko slik chuvog sogol, ‘tz besh yoshlarda bo Igan bir kishi edi cs “Hlomid xotinbox” deb shuhratlangan (O'tkan kunlar, 12-bet) ae -gora kamon, o'tib ketgan nafis, giyig* goshlari chimirilganda, nimadir bir nafasdan cho'chigan kabi, to'lgan oydek g'uborsiz og yuzi bir oz qizilliqga aylanganda, kimdandir uyalgan pee .0q nozik qoari bilan latif burnining o'ng tomonida gora xolini qashidi.... Bu giz suratida ko'ringan malak, qutidorning gizi - Kumushbibi edi. (O'tkan kunlar, 33-bet) e ee Sinfdoshlaringiz bilan ishlang. Describe your favorite celebrity or famous person using all of the adjectives and nouns you have learned up to now. Without telling the name, describe the person to the class. See if your classmates can guess who you are describing.73 Describing People and Things 1 ee The age of 12 is also important People believe that at this a ea ld becomes an adult. The child's Patents try to sacrifice alamb org chicken, oF at least dive chatity to € poor. aT The next and the last imPortant age is 63, The Prophet Muhammad is lieved to have died at 89¢ 65. Sosome Uebeks celebrate their 63rd birthday Y Organizing a party called sap Paya amb, = a ik-cradle, Learn beshik-cradle. In the cultural note above you read about : inthe 2 v 26-mashq: ; x174 CHAPTERS ‘Mustagilishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so'zlar va grammatik qoidalarning ishlatlishiga ahamiyat bering. td jectives 27-mashq: Categorize the words below. Some words may belong to multiple categories. (0g, soch, xunuk, baquuvat, jigarrang, burun, semiz, ambag‘al, ko'k, gosh, yashil, ‘ozg‘in, qulog, qizil, ko'z, qora, chiroyli, malla. Colors Appearance ] Human body 28-mashq: / Based on what they do, describe what you think these people are like. 1, Jamol basketbolchi. U har kuni basketbol o’ynaydi. Minch. Janel 2, Feruza aktrisa, u hozir teatrda Kleopatra rolini o’ynayapti. 3. Ali oshpaz, u restoranda ishlaydi. 4, Lola talaba, u yotoqxonada yashaydi. Sportni yomon ko’ radi. 5, Farida uy bekasi, uning ikkita o'g'li bor. Farida juda faol. 29-mashq: _/ Write down the description of a well-known family. Then present it to your classmate. See if he/she can figure out which family you are describing. Bu oila.....Describing Peopleand Things 175 30-mashg: “Complete the following sentences. Temur Faridadan boyrog. Temur is richer than Farida. Lola Nasibadan yoshroq, Lola is younger than Nasiba. 1. Nyu York Parijdan 2. Buyuk Britaniya Amerikadan 3. Amerika Hindistondan 4. Rossiya Amerkadan__va 5. Irlandiya Meksikadan _va 6. Singapur Berlindan lekin 7. Avstraliya O’zbekistondan Iekin 8, O’zbekiston Ispaniyadan lekin 31-mashq: Decide if the following are to’g’ri or noto’g’ri 1. Toshkentga qaraganda Samargand chiroyliroq. ___ 2. Boston Nyu-Yorkdan kattaroq 3. Katta shaharlarga qaraganda kichik shaharlar tozarog. —— 4. Qish fasliga qaraganda bahor fasli chiroylirog. —— 5. Charli Chaplinning bo'yi Maykl Jordanning bo’ yidan pastroq. elt tsi 32-mashq: {Below read the description of a photograph. Then try to draw the people as they are described Bu bir oilaning surati, Suratda tort kishi bor. Bir erkak suratning chap tomonida turibdi Uozgiin, lekin juda kelishgan. Uning bo'yi baland. Uning chap ida bir ayol turibdi Ayolning sochi qora va uzun. Uning bo'yi past, lekin u juda chiroyli, Bu suratda bir giz ham bor, u suratning o'ng tomonida turibdi. Uning sochi jigarrang. Suratda bir o'g'il bola ham bor. U gizning oldida o'tiribdi.176 CHAPTERS 33-mashq: Describe the picture above. Consider the following questions. O’quvchilar qayerda? Sizningcha, ular nima haqida suhbatlashyaptilar? Devordagi rasm haqida nima deya olasiz*? + twhat can you say about the picture on the toallDescribing People and Things 177 Present Continuous Tense 34-mashq: 6 Listen to the following messages that were left for Begzod and fill in the tables appropriately. 1. Kim telefon qilyapti? 3, Kim telefon qilyapti? Uhozir qayerda? Nima qilyapti? U hozir qayerda? Nima qilyapti? Nima uchun telefon gilyapti? Nima uchun telefon qilyapti? 2. Kim telefon ilyapti? im telefon gilyapti? U hozir qayerda? Nima qilyapti? U hozir qayerda? Nima ailyapti? Nima uchun telefon gilyapti? Nima uchun telefon gilyapti? 35-mashq: “Read each sentence. Then rewrite them using the present continous tense, using the form of the verb and the adverbs accordingly. Use the model. Men doim o‘zbek tilida gapiraman - Men hozir o'zbek tilida gapiryapman. 1, Men O'zbekistonda yashayman. 2.U doim uyimiz yonida o’tiradi. 3. Mana bu it har kuni stolning tagida yotadi. 4,Salima ba’zan uyg’urcha ovgatlar pishiradi. 5. Ukam har kuni bitta qiz bilan telefonda gaplashadi,18 CHAPTERS Verb 0 sshamog 36mashq; Read the following text and fill in the blanks with the appropriateDescribing Peopleand Things 179 Listen to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in class, Then using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. Maqtash-To Compliment | _—_Javob-Response | Chiroyli ekan! | Rahmat. | It’s pretty! Thank you! Yogimtoy ekan! | Tashakkur! It’s cute! Thank you! Zo'r ekan! pei It's awesome! Buyursin! | Aytganingiz kelsin! May it serve you well! elena lit: Let your wishes come true! Lola: Dilshod, ana u sening mashinangmi? Dilshod: Ha, meniki- s Voy, zo'r ekan. Yangimi? ested Ha, o'tgan haftada sotib oldim. set 4 4 Rangi ham chiroyli ekan| 2 niceaas ae Kul rang o‘zimga juda yoaadh.180 CHAPTERS adashmoq to confuse, to mistake hozirgi vaqtda currently, nowadays aktrisa actress ich inside aqlli smart, intelligent ‘aig erates lazy baland high, tall it ae barcha all, every janub south baribir janubi-g’arb southwest ungabaribir He does not care. janubi-sharq southeast menga baribir I do not care. jigarrang, brown birxil ete jihozlangan equipped bir-biri each other kealta short (for inanimate ~gao’xshaydi they look like each other objects) ~dan farq qiladi they differ from each other kambag’al poor bitirmoq to graduate kelishgan good looking (for men) re height kishi person, someone, man burun nose ko’k blue; green -dantashgari —_besides, in addition ko'z eye dars bermog ‘0 teach korxona enterprise, business davlat country, state kuchsiz, weak demoq tosay kun bo'yi throughout the day doira tambourine marta times 7 iutor, the national bir oydaikkt twice a month stringed instrument ey csslishtts Bee a maydon territory Geol eres menikidek like mine fool sensor mo’ylab mustache fikega to agre, to agree with re - go'shilmng etait nihoyatda extremely a — nozik delicate, fine fete et odat habit globus globe old front ~ ae olib bormoq, to take hamma everybody, everyone ai = harxil various, different ora amongDescribing People and Things 181 back cook, chef thin, skinny low, short capital city winter red to be interested in Tam interested in history. arm, hand neighbor black eyebrow convenient ear color to play a role, to star fat, overweight hair healthy beard picture, photo under outside to describe hardworking tog’ ust uzun velosiped xuddi xunuk yashil yon yotoqxona yor yuvosh o’quvchi o’rindiq, o'rta o’rta maktab O'rta Osiyo o’rta yosh o'xshamog (-ga~) o’yingaroq g/arb sharq shimol shimoli-sharg shovgin-suron shug’ullanmog (bilan ~) U karate bilan shug’ullanadi. mountain outside long bicycle exactly, just like, nearly ugly green side bedroom, dormitory summer gentle, tame (animal) school children bench middle secondary school Central Asia middle aged to Took like, to resemble playful west east north northeast noise, clamor to do, to practice She practices karate,TO‘QQIZINCHI DARS - CHAPTER NINE -KECHA NIMA CADINGITT TALKING ABOUT AGE AND PAST EVENTS INTHIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Talking about age and past events * Diqqat, qoida! Definite past tense, adverbs, numbers beyond 10, postpositions * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Sizga xat keldi Letters about Uzbek culture and people * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter =Is) CHAPTER ‘-mashq: 6 O’qing va tinglang! Follow along with the words and listen to how they are pronounced on the audio. Kecha Sherzod soat sokkizda uyg‘ondi ‘Mashinasi ustaxonada edi, shuning uchun ishga avtobusda ketdi We Sherzod soat o'n ikkida U soat Heshdal tuyga qaytdi. stushlik qi Kech soat o'n ikkida uyga qaytdi Soat yettida do'stlar bilan uchrashi, (Ch gael on Ular bilan birga kafega bordi.‘Talking about Age and Past Events 185 2-mashq;: O’gituvchingiz bilan ishlang. Look at the drawings of Sherzod. As your instructor describes each one, give the number of the drawing. 3-mashq: /“ Mustagil ishlang. Look again at the pictures of Sherzod and read the following statements about him. Is each statement to’g‘ri or noto’g’ri? ri or oto’ oa 1. Sherzod kecha ishga kechikdi. 2. Sherzod kecha nonushta qildi, lekin tushlik qilmadi. 3. Sherzod kecha ishga mashinasida bordi. 4, Sherzod do’stlari bilan uchrashdi. 5, Kecha bank direktori Sherzodni maqtadi. 6, Sherzod kecha ingliz tilini o‘rganmadi. 4-mashq: Mustagil ishlang. Review Sherzod’s daily routine described in Chapter 6, and answer the questions below. 1. Sherzod har kuni soat nechada uygonadi? U kecha soat nechada uyg‘ondi? rzod nonushta qiladimi? Soat nec! 3. Sherzod qayerda ishlaydi? 4, Shahar transportidan foydalanadimi? & 5, Sherzod kechqurunlari ingliz tilini o’rganadimi? Do’stlari bilan uchrashib, kinoga yoki kafega boradimi? 5-mashq: & Tinglang. Listen to a dialogue and answer the questions that follow. 1. Dilshod nima uchun xafa? 2. U kecha nima qildi? 3. Uyiga soat nechada qaytdi? aicoatnectadatrer orl185 CHAPTERS 6-mashq: 4, >> Mustaqil ishlang. Matnni o'qing. bu Azizbek, Azizbek oilada to'ng‘ich farzand. Uning ikkita kasi va bitta singlisi bor. Azizbek 1976-yilda ‘Andijonda tug‘ildi, shu yerdagi maktabga bordi. Maktabni pitirib, Toshkent Texnika Sniversitetiga o'ishga kirdi va shu universitetda to'rt yil o'gidi. 1999 yilda Texas Davlat Universitetiga o'qishga kirdi. 7001 -yilda universitetni bitirib, O*zbekistonga gaytib keldi. 2002-yitda Muhabbatga uylandi. 2005-yilda qizi Dilafruz tug*ildi. Hozirgi vaqtda Azizbek katta bir tashkilotda ishlaydi. Muhabbat universitetda o'qituvchi bo'lib ishlaydi, Dilafruz 4 yoshda, u bolatar bog'chasiga boradi. Ular Toshkentda yashaydilar. 7-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Decide if the follow’ a the following statements are hh 1. Azizbek oilada birinchi farzand. ‘ 2. Azizbek Toshkentda tug’ildi. 3. Muhabbat Azizbekning singlisi. 4. Azizbek AQShda o'gidi. 5. Azizbek 2001-yilda O’zbekistonga ga 6. Uning ikkita farzandi bor. 8-mashgq: O’qituvchingiz bilan ish! swer you s ms b giz bilan is i : lang, Answer your instructor’s questions Model: O’qituvchingiz: lel: O’qituvchingiz: Azizbek qachon Texasga keldi? Siz: 1999- yilda.Talking about Age and Past Events 187 70 - yetmish 80 - sakson 7,000 - yeti ming 90 - to‘qson 10,000 - on ming 100 - (bir) yuz 1,000,000 - (bir) million 500 - besh yuz 125 - bir yuz yigirma besh 471 - to'rt yuz yetmish bir 2018-ikki ming o'n sakkiz. 9-mashq: 6) Tinglang! Listen to the audio and repeat the numbers in Uzbek. 10-mashq: A._/ Mustaqil ishlang. Write these numbers in Uzbek. B. 49 First read the dialogue. Then make a dialogue in which you call the following places and have your partner say that you have reached a wrong number. ~ Allo! Bu universitetmi? ~ Yo'g, bu universitet emas. ~ Bu 162-85-10 (bir yuz oltmish ikki - sakson besh - o'n)mi? -Yo'q. ~ Kechirasiz! aeroport: (178-16-79), kutubxona: (456-02-33), do‘kon: (277-18-54), muzey: (345-19-00)188 CHAPTERS Ii-mashg: /_ Savollarga javob bering. Read the passport below and answer the questions. s hE MINISTRY oF INTERNAL AFFAIR! * cece . pevanmasovaceZeeo 90g28611334i4tt 0022009286 37060022 02025035) cece eaReeeennenesesse™ 1. Bu kimning pasporti? 2. U qayerda yashaydi? 3. Unecha yoshda? 4. Pasport raqami necha? Note: In Uzbek, there are several ways to express age: number + yosh + da + personal predicate ending. Necha yoshdasiz? How old are you? Men yigirma yoshdaman. I amr 20 years old. Siz qirq besh yoshdasiz. You are 45 years old. Jiyanim o'n besh yoshda. My cousin is 15 years old. yosh + possessive ending + number + -da. For example: Yoshingiz nechada? How old are you? Yoshim yigirmada. I am 20 years old. (lit: My age is at 20). Ukasining yoshi qirq beshda. His brother is 40 years old. For ages less than a year old, the word oylik - month old is used. Bir haftadan keyin o’g'limiz ikki oylik bo'ladi. Ina week, our son will be ttv0 months old.Talking about Age and Past Events 189 12-mashq: Savollarga javob bering. Bu kishilar necha yoshda? PY o'spirin yosh giz o'rta yosh P git katta yoshdagi (yigit) erkak/ayol Werke geeiya) 13-mashq: _/. Mustagil ishlang. Use the vocabulary from the activity above to complete the sentences below. Farrux 27 yoshda. | U yosh yigit. Nosir 34 yoshda. 14-mashq: / Savollarga javob bering. Bu kishilar necha yoshda? Farida necha yoshda? Farida 18 yoshda. Nargiza 1940-yil, 4-fevral. ‘Aziz 1972-yil, 12-oktabr. “Alisher Navoly 1441-yil. Dilshod 1985-yil, 16-apr190 CHAPTERS 2. Definite past tense This tense is used to express things that happened at a specific moment in the past. Note that this tense is not used for past actions that are habitual or repeated. The definite past in Uzbek is formed in the following way: verb stem + di + possessive ending. Men ketdim. | left. Biz ko‘rdik. We saw. Siz uxladingiz. You slept. Sizlar o‘qidingiz. You (pl) read. ‘Sen aytding. You said. Ular ketdilar. They left. U gapirdi. He/she/it spoke. For the form ular-they, in colloquial speech most of the time the, following ending is used: after consonant -ishdi after vowel -shdi Ular Toshkentdan kelishdi. __Kutubxonada kitob o‘qishdi. They came back from Tashkent. They read a book in the library. Negative and interrogative ‘As before, add -ma for the negative and -mi for the interrogative. ‘Men uni ko‘rmadim. | didn’t see him. Siz uni ko'rdingizmi? Did you see him? U gapirmadi. She didn’t speak. Lola uyga ketdimi? Did Lola leave? Adverbs you can use with the past tense: kecha- yesterday _...yil oldin/avval - ... years ago ‘o'tgan yil- last year ...kun oldin/avval - ...days ago Kecha kitob sotib oldim. ! bought a book yesterday. tgan kuni bozorda Salimni ko‘rdik. oO | The day before yesterday, we saw Salim at the marketplace. aes ——— + ‘5-mashq: A. «> Dialogni o’ging. G‘ofur: Eh, juda charchadim. Karim: Nimaga? G'ofur: Kecha Salim bilan choyxonaga bordik. Karim: Palov pishirdingizmi? G‘ofur: Ha, palov pishirib, narda o'ynadik. Karim: Soat nechada uyga qaytdingiz? Grofur: Kech soat o'n ikkida.Talking about Age and Past Events 191 OP ringlang. Mahmud aka kecha nima qildi? Karim aka-chi? Listen to the audio and answer the questions about Mahmud and Karim. Mahmud aka kecha nima qildi? 16-mashq: _/. “S¥ Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Ask each other about recent past (yesterday, a week ago, last Monday). Follow the model. ~Tom, kecha nima qildingiz? ~ Kutubxonaga bordim. ~ Tom, shanba kuni futbol ko’rdingizmi? -Uyerda nima qildingiz? - Yo'q, ko'rmadim. - Kitob o'gidim, keyin dars qildim. -Rostdanmi? Nimaga? Vaqtingiz bo‘lmadimi? - Qaynonamning tug'ilgan kuniga bordik. Uyga juda kech qaytdik. ~ Meri, shanba kuni nima qildingiz? ~ Do’stlarim bilan kinoga bordim. Sherlok Xolms filmini ko'rdik. - Voy, men ham shanba kuni shu filmni ko'rdim. Menga film juda yoqdi. Sizga-chi, sizga yoqdimi? - Menga uncha yogmadi, lekin do'stlarimning barchasiga film nihoyatda yoqdi.192 CHAPTERS 17-mashq: 5 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Student A gives commands and Student B does them. After completing the requested thing Student B uses Definite Past Tense to describe what he did. Namuna: A: Eshikni oching! B: Eshikni ochdim. Note: In chapter 6, you learned how to express likes and dislikes with verbs yaxshi ko‘rmog and yomon ko‘rmog. You can also use the following constructions to express these feelings. (nix) yoatirmog ~ to like Men matematikani uncha yogtirmayman. I do not like math much. Alisher Karimani yoqtiradi. Alisher likes Karima, yoqmog - fo like, o please Menga kino yoqmadi. I did not like the movie (it: The movie was not to my liking.) (O‘qituvchiga Karimning muomalasi yoqmadi. The teacher did not like Karim’s attitude. (it: Karim’s attitude was not pleasing to the teacher.) Kambag'al edik. We were poor. Sizlar yosh edingiz. You were young. Ular boy editar. They were rich.Talking about Age and Past Events 193 18-mashq: “ Mustaqil ishlang? What do you know about these people? Consider the following questions: Kim edi? Qayerda tug’ildi? Qayerda yashadi? Nima qildi? . Kleopatra . Stalin . Vashington . Neyl Armstrong . Chingiz Xon . Eynshteyn eae oe 19-mashq: (=) Game: Kim edim? Your instructor will attach a tag with the name of a famous person on your back so that you can’t see it. Walk around and ask your ‘classmates questions about the person on your tag. Answer the other students’ questions about their tags but don’t give direct answers. The first one to figure out the name on his/her own tag is the winner. 20-mashq: ” Matnni davom ettiring, First read the text, then look at the pictures and continue the story. LU t96t-yilda maktabga bordl va ‘Azim aka 1954-yilda Toshkentda tug'ildi 4971-yilda maktabnt bitirdi. 1972 -yil 1976-yil194 CHAPTERS 2i-mashq: ,’ O’zingiz haqingizda yozing. Write your biography and share it in the class. ATheSaik-d au The suffix -gi (-ki, -qi) is added to nouns to form possessive adjectives indicating time and location. ertalab-morning, ertalabki-pertaining to morning ertablabki choy - morning tea tun-night, tungi-related to night, tungi smena-night shift ich-inside, ichki-internal, ichki organlar-internal organs The suffix -gi is added to adverbs to create possessive adjectives indicating location. Samarqandda-in Samarqand, Samarqanddagi-which is Samargand The word receiving the ending -gi (-ki, -qi) always precedes the noun it modifies. Samarqanddagi Ragiston maydonini ko'rdik. We saw the Registan square (which is) in Samarqand. ‘Amerikadagi do‘stim bilan gaplashdim. I talked to a friend (who is) in America. oa eee NS 22-mashq: ©) Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Get together with your classmates and discuss the following questions. 1. Siz qaysi shahardansiz? 2. Shahringizda chiroyli binolar bormi? Shahringizdagi eng chiroyli bino qaysi? _3. Shahringizdagi eng yaxshi universitet yoki maktab qaysi? 4, Shahringizda sportning qaysi turi eng ommabop? 5, Shahringizdagi eng mashhur ‘Unnima qiladi? 6. Shahringizdagi eng yaxshi restoranning nomi nima? U qayerda joylashgan? 7. Shahringizdagi parklar orasida qaysi biri eng chiroyli va toza?Talking about Age and Past Events 195 im =a) 5. Postpositions II In chapter 8, you learned about the nouns which can be used as postpositions, such as: ust - stolning ustida - on top of the table tag - stulning tagida - under the chair Below are the postpositions that require the noun or the pronoun preceding them to have an ablative case ending, i.e., -dan. A. awval (synonyms: burun, oldin) - before Toshkentdan avval Samarqandga boramiz. Before Tashkent, we will go to Samarqand. Ulardan avval sizni ko'rdik. We saw you before them. Note that without an ablative case ending, based on the context, avval can be translated as ago or first. Ikki kun avval Buxoroga ko‘chib ketishdi. They moved to Bukhara two days ago. Karima avval Salimga telefon qildi, so‘ng Davronga xat yozdi. Karima first phoned Salim, then wrote a letter to Davron. B. keyin and so‘ng - after undan keyin - after him nonushtadan so‘ng - after breakfast Palovdan keyin ko‘k choy ichdik. We had green tea after pilaf. ( oS NL 23-mashq:~_ / Mustaqil ishlang. Decide if the following is to‘g'ri or noto’g’ri. 1. Imtihondan avval ikki krujka kofe ichaman. 2. Qo'rginchli kinodan keyin uxlamayman. 3. Kechki ovqatdan keyin ko’k choy ichaman. 4, Kechki ovgatdan avval dars qilmayman. 5, Har kuni nonushtadan keyin radio tinglayman. 24-mashq: , Mustagil ishlang. Complete the sentences. 1. Kecha kinodan keyin: 2. Har kuni o‘zbek tili darsidan avval 3. Imtihondan keyin 4. Yangi yil bayramidan keyin 5. Ta’tildan awval196 CHAPTER re the note below) a ‘os| * fea ec voshdasiz you might a - ‘onally. ‘le i Year were you born situs ‘lgansize” (What Forms of Address In Uzbek, when referring to a person of an older age or a higher status, the plural form is used even though a single person is described. For example: Otam shifokorlar. My father is a doctor (plural ending). Karim aka shu yerda ishlaydilar. Karim works here (not ishlaydi, but ishlaydilar). ‘Moreover, in spoken Uzbek, people usually avoid using a person's first name, or using words such as xotinim, erim. Instead, the following words are used: ‘A. When a husband talks about his wife: kelinoyingiz - your sister-in-law (lis tener is younger than the speaker); keliningiz - your daughter-in-law (listener is older than the speaker); B. When a wife talks about her husband: akangiz - your older brother, ukangiz ~ your younger brother, u kishi - that gentleman. In order to say I have a husband/wife, people usually say Oilaliman. Similarly, people who inquire about somebody’s wife or husband say Oilangiz/ Uydagilar yaxshi yurishibdimi? Is your lnusbandfvife/family doing well?Talking about Age and Past Events 197 25-mashq: \=* / Matnni o’qib, savollarga javob bering. Read the text and answer the questions that follow. ‘Muhammad Tarag'ay Ulug'bek (1394 - 1449). Amir Temutning nabirasi Ulugbek 1394— yilda trogning Sulaymoniya shabrida tug'ildi Ulug’bek 15 yoshida Samarqandni, 17 yoshida ‘Movaraunnahni boshgardi. U yoshligidan fanga, aynigsa, matematika va astranomiyaga qiziqdi. U1428-yilda Samarqandda rasadxona qutditdi Rasadxonani kerakli asboblar bilan jihozladi. 1437-yilda yulduzlar jadvalini tuzdi. Bu jadvalda 1018ta yulduzning koordinatasini aniq belgiladi. Bundan tashgari, Ulug’bek madrasalar qurdirdi’ va astronomiyaga oid asarlar yord!. Uning asatlart aval lotin, so’ng boshqa Yevtopa tillariga tarjima gilind Ulug’bek 1449-yilda qatl etildi. O'n tkki yildan keyin esa uning rasadxonasi buzib tashlandi. P Ulugbek rasadxonasi eb Bee Ceeee clei XX asrda Gee Ulugbek nom Clugbekrasadxonasining universitet, metro stansiyasi goldiqlar topild. kotchalor'va maktablar bor. 1. Ulug'bek nechanchi yilda tug‘ildi? —_ 2. U kimning nabirasi edi? — 3. Ulug'bek 1437-yilda nima qildi? 4. U nechanchi yilda vafot etdi?198 CHAPTER 9 26-mashq: A. \, >» Matnni o’ging. Zulfiya Zalfiya 1915-yilning 1-martida Toshkentda tug‘ildi. O’ra maktabdan so‘ng pedagogika institutida va aspiranturada o'gidi. 1938 - 1948-yillarda ‘Bolalar nashriyoti’da muharrir, paclt O'zbekiston Davlat Nashryotida bo'lim boshlig’i, 1950-yildan boshlab *Saodat’ jurnalida ishladi. Zulfiya ko'plab she'rlar yozdi, uning birinchi she'tiy to'plami 1952-yilda ashe qilnd Zalfiya 1935-yilda shoir Hamid Olimjonga turmushga chiddi. Eiaietd Oltreuiningatetean keyinske'plab mach she'rlar youdi. Umrining oxirlarida, Zalfiya tar{imonltk bilan ham shug'ullandi. V Pushkin, Nekrasov, Ukrainka va Inber asarlarini o'zbek. tiliga tarjima qildi. VU 1996-yilda vafot etdi. B. / Matn asosida savollarga javob bering. 1. Zulfiya qayerda tug‘ildi? 2. Qayerda o'qidi? oh 3. Qayerda ishladi? Kim bo'lib ishladi? 4. Zulfiyaning turmush o'rtog‘i kim edi? - Qachon vafot etdi? c.” / Each sentence describes a main event in the text. Place them in the order they ___ Pedagogika institutida o'gidi, | Asarlarni tarjima qildi. ___._Toshkentda tug‘ildi ___Turmushga chiqdi. Vafot etdi.Talking about Age and Past Events 199 27-mashq : 6 Tinglang va savollarga javob bering. Listen to the audio to find out more about the outstanding people in the history of Central Asia and Uzbekistan. UCU ee end Kim edi? _qayerda tug‘ildi? foc Cer li ec 28-mashq: / Mustagil ishlang. Choose one outstanding person from the history of your country and write his/her biography. Present it to the class.200 CHAPTER 9 29-mashq: A. “s** Matnni o’qing. i rida Umarova Nafisa, 1978-yil 4-yanvarda Toshkent shahrida creme ‘tam - Umarov Karim shifokortar. Onam - Umarova Jamila asilar. Singlim universitetda o‘qiydi. j uy dekas at 4. 1994-yillarda o'rta maktabda, 1994-1998-yillarda Toshkent moliya institutida o‘qidim. Hozirgi vaqtda “Ipak Yo"l ida bo'lim boshlig‘i bo'lib ishtayman. bankice dabiyotni yaxshi Ko'raman. Aynigsa, Hemenguey, Tolstoy, Gogol asarlarini, shuningdek, hozirgi zamon o‘zbek adabiyoti killarining asarlarini ko‘p o‘giyman. rant seein int rangim - oq. Sportni, ayniqsa, tennisni yaxshi ko‘raman. B. / Quyidagilardan qaysi biri to’g’ri? ____Nafisa akasining oilasi bilan yashaydi. ____Nafisa oilada yolg‘iz farzand. _____Uning oilasi to‘rt kishidan iborat. ___Onasi hozirgi vaqtda uy bekasi. ____Singlisi turmushga chiqgan. ___Otasi fermer bo‘lib ishlaydi. Singlisi aspirant. C. Where in the text do the following sentences fit logically? 4. Hozirgi vaqtda Gabriel Garsia Markesning “Yolg‘izlikning yuz yili” kitobini o‘qiyapman. 2. Aynigsa, bahor va kuz fasllarini yoatiraman. 3. O'qish davomida nemis va ingliz tillarini ham o'rgandim. 30-mashq: “SY Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Savollarga javob bering va sinfdoshingizning javoblarini tinglang. Ikkita qo'shimcha savol tuzing. a. Adabiyotni yaxshi ko'rasizmi? . Qanday asarlami sevib o'qiysiz? (fantastika, drama, tarixiy roman) ¢. Qanday kinolarni yaxshi ko‘rasiz? (komediya, jangari, fantastika) d. Sevimli rangingiz qaysi? e. aTalking about Age and Past Events 201 Asl o‘zbekcha Cet TT ee ds Tl oY) i tig rom 31-mashq: / Before you watch: 1, How you would say your age and your place of origin? 2. How would you say when you were born’ 32-mashq: While watching: 1. Videont ko‘rib, quyidagi savollarga javob bering. ol Ozoda Peer Lochin Vali 2. Sirojiddin va Nafisa hagidagi savollarga javob bering. Qayerdan? _Qachon tug‘ilgan? Sirojiddin Nafisa 33-mashq: After the video: [L1- Sirojiddin va Nafisa necha yoshda? =7 SL - ~ ‘po Sherzod@ovez.uz ‘ars Thursday, 19 March 01:54:37 +0500 (UZT) *Sbukronalikkuni* Hurmatli Sherzod, yaxshimisiz? Ota-onangiz va singlingiz yaxshi yurishibdimi? Xatingiz va oilangiz surati uchun katta rahmat. Men ham sizga bir surat yuboryapman. Bu oilamning surati. Mening oilam besh kishidan iborat. Oilada ota-onam, buvam va opam bor. Ota-onam Floridada yashaydilar, otam tadbirkorlar, onam shifoxonada hamshira bo'lib ishlaydilar. Opam turmushga chiqgan. U eri va o'g'l bilan Chikagoda yashaydi. Bu suratni o'n to't yil avval olganmiz. Men bu suratda o'n besh yoshdaman. O'sha vaqtlarda men ota-onam bilan Floridada yashar edim. Opam universitetda talaba edi, men esa maktabda o’gir edim. Hozirgi vaqtda men Indiana shtatining Blumington shahrida yashayman. Shu yerda universitetda o'giyman. Ota-onam, opam va buvamni fagat "Shukronalik kunida’ ko'raman, Biz bu bayramni noyabr oyining to'rtinchi haftasida nishonlaymiz. Odatda qovoali yoki olmali pirog va kurka pishiramiz. Sherzod, siz yozgi ta'tlda nima qilasiz? Umuman, O'zbekistonda talabalar yoz oylarida nimalar bilan mashg'ul bo'ladilar? Universitetda o'qiydilarmi yoki biror yerda ishlaydilarmi? Javobingizni kutib golaman. Salom ila, TomTalking about Age and Past Events 208 34-mashq: “ Mustagil ishlang. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering, 1. Tomning oilasi kattami? 2. Oilasi necha kishidan iborat? 3. Ota-onasi qayerda yashaydi? 4. Tomning yoshi nechada? 5. Tom qayerda yashaydi? 6. Bu suratda Tom oilasi bilan gaysi bayramni nishonlayapti? 35-mashq: “i Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Savollarga javob bering, 1. Siz qayerda tug’ildingiz? 2. Qayerda katta bo'ldingiz? 3. Qayerda yashadingiz? 4, Ota-onangiz bilan yashadingizmi? 5. Qay 6. Qachon (necha yoshingizda) maktabga bordingiz? 7. Do'stlaringiz ko’p edimi? i tillarni o'rgandingiz?208 CHAPTER 9 Qo‘shimcha mashglar eae ae) ‘Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va ‘grammatik qoidalarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering. Hambers above 10 36-mashq: Try to solve the following puzzles and write down the solutions in Uzbek. Hh) 1. Farida bir ming to'qgiz yuz yetmish sakkizinchi yilda tug’ilgan. Uning ikki singlisi va bir uukasi bor. Birinchi singlisi, Lola, bir ming to'qqiz. yuz saksoninchi yilda tug’ilgan, ikkinchi singlisi, Nargiza, birinchi singlisidan uch yil keyin tug'ilgan. Ukasi ‘Qahramon esa Loladan bir yil i keyin va Nargizadan ikki yil avval i tug‘ilgan. Nargiza nechanchi yilda tug/ilgan? Qahramon-chi? 2. Thom buvaning qo’ ylari nihoyatda ko’p. Uning ikki yuzta qo’yi Parkentda, uch yuz yigirma beshta qo'yi Grazalkentda va bir yuz oltmish beshtasi Toshkentda turadi. Thom buvaning yana otlari ham bor. Otlar soni qo’ylar sonining yarmiga teng, Ihom buvaning nechta qo’yi va otlari bor? > Ey anasher OM (eter 05 Ue Nites Pepe eth ree perenne ey ee them down as you listen. Ismi nima? hom Telefon raqami... 135-16-43,Talking about Age and Past Events 208 38mashq: Read these texts about Uzbek poets and writers of the twentieth century. 3%mashq: A.” Read the text and fill in the blanks with the words given in parentheses. Put the verbs in correct tense and form. Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy 1889-yilda Qo’gon shahrida (to be born) - Ueski maktabda, madrasada va yangi rus maktabida (to study) Hamza 1910-yilda Toshkentda, 1911-yilda Qo’qonda, 1914- yilda Marg’ilonda yangi “usuli jadi maktablarda (fo work) maktablarini (to open) —________. Bu —— va talabalarga dars berdi. Hamza dramaturg va shoir (to be) - U1918-yilda dramtruppa (to Bu truppa uchun dramalar (fo wrife) —______ form) Hamza Xitoy, Hindiston, Afg‘oniston, Eron, Turkiya va Arab mamlakatlariga safar gildi, 1920-yilda Qo‘qonga (to return) ________ va maktabda (fo work) —_—_.. Hamza ko'plab she'rlar va dramalar (to write) U 1929-yil 18-martda (to die; pass away) —______. B. % Once you are done, listen to the audio and check if you completed it correctly.206 CHAPTER 40-mashq: \/ Put these sentences in order (put numbers 1 through 6) to make a ‘meaningful text about Uzbek writer Cho‘lpon. —— 1920-yilda eng mashhur kitobi “Kecha va kunduz”ni yozdi. Cho'Ipon 1887-yilda Andijonda tug’ildi. 4 Cho'lpon 1938-yilda vafot etdi. Bu yerda u arab, fors va turk tillarini o'rgandi. ——— U Toshkent va Andijon madrasalarida o’gidi. So'ng rus maktabiga bordi va rus tilini o'rgandi, 41-mashq: “Answer the following questions based on the texts you read in this chapter. Ozbek yozuvchi va shoirlaridan kimlarni bilasiz? Alisher Navoiy kim edi? Uning asarlari hagida nimalarni bilasiz? Hamza va Oybek qaysi tillarni bilganlar? (O’zbek yozuvchi va shoirlar orasida qaysi biri tarjimon edi? U qanday asarlarni tarjima qildi? “Kecha va kunduz” asarini kim yozdi? -g6 (-é, -gé) 42-mashq: /. Imagine that you are being interviewed by a journalist from Uzbekistan. She would like to know more about the USA and asks you the following questions. How do you answer? Jurnalist: AQShdagi eng katta kutubxona hagida nimalarni bilasiz? Siz: Kongress kutubxonasi Amerikadagi eng katta kutubxona hisoblanadi U Vashington Kolumbiya okrugida joylashgan. Kutubxona 1800-yilda tashkil topgan. 1. Amerikadagi eng katta daryoning nomi nima? Bu daryo haqida nimalarni bilasiz’ 2. Amerikadagi eng baland tog‘ning nomi nima? U qaysi shtatda joylashgan? 3, Amerikalik talabalar bahorgi ta’tilda nima qiladilar? Qishki ta'tilda-chi? 4, Odatda lar kechki ovgatni uyda, oilalari bilan birga yeydilarmi yoki restoranlarga boradilarmi?Talking about Age and Past Events 207 Listen to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in class. Then, using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. -Kechirim stash -Apologzing | Javob-Response Secon Seah hs! Kechirasiz! | Mayli, hechaisi yo‘q! 1am sorry! | It is ok. It doesn’t matter. Kech qolganim uchun kechirasiz! _ Hechaisi yo'q! 1am sorry, | am late. That is fine. Uzr, bilmabman! Mayli, zarari yo‘q! Sorry, | didn’t know, | It is ok, it doesn’t matter. Uzr so‘rayman! Mayli, qo'yavering! | 1 apologize. It is ok, do not worry. | Xafa qilgan bo‘lsam, kechiring! Please excuse me if | offended you.adabiyot literature go’dak baby afsuski unfortunately hamshira nurse asar toritten work, novel haykal monument aspirant graduate student hech narsa nothing aspirantura post-graduate study hozirgizamon contemporary, current awal(-dan~) before Ipak Yo'li Silk Road ayniqsa especially ishlamog to work, to be employed belgilamoq to indicate, to mark jahl anger Biss building ~(pos.) chiqmog 10 get mind, tobe angry EEC). agree Jahlim chiqdi. I got angry. Ikki hafta We graduated from Jahlingiz Anyang? avval maktabni school tuo weeks ago. Enigysptiml? bee jihozlamog toequip Maktabni bitirib, After graduating jurnal journal Toshkentga ketdi. fram cole if or ‘a nasooed ashkent katta yoshdagiayol old woman bo'lim boshligi ead ofthe department a voshdagi ald man bolalar bog’chasi kindergarten Pian ae re kecha yesterday bugundan boshlab starting today kechikmog tobe late boshqa other kerakli necessary boshgarmoq to direct, to govern keyin¢dan~) after bundan tashqari besides, in addition keyinchalik later buzib tashlanmoq _pass.of buzib ko’plab many to des i Resadttie tisibe — : 7 krujka mug, cup tashlandi. ae keurka turkey destroyed. mamlakat country, state -dayasharedim used to live in ata amas Sehq cy Ferm era mashhur popular, well-known direktor director = aa mazhun sad, gloomy anatny PeLOng! mashg/ul bo'lmoq__ to be occupied ean sa ama moliya instituti financial institute om lanmoq to use, to make use of a eatin gi suffix, forms adjectivesTalking about Age and Past Events 209 narda rashr gilinmoq nashriyot olma erie. «atl etilmog U1449-yilda qatl atildi. gaysi gilinmoq, Kitob tarjima ailindi. qo'rqinchli qo'y goldiq qurdirmoq Urasadxona qurdirdi, rasadxona safar gilmoq, sevib o’qimoq sevimli son sotib olmoq ta'til yozgi ta’til tarjima qilmoq farjimon tashkilot feng backgammon to be printed, to be published publishing house apple popular, of masses pumpkin horse end, last part pilaf (a rice dish) old man/old woman pass. of qatl etmog - io execute He was executed in 1449. which pass. of qilmog - fo do ‘The book was translated, scary sheep remnant emus. of qurmog -to build He built (made someone build) an observatory. observatory to travel to enjoy reading favorite number to buy break summer break to translate translator organization equal tez topilmog tug’ilmoq tur Sportning qaysi turi mashhur? tuzmoq uchrashmoq, (bilan ~) Do‘stlarim bilan uchrashaman, umr ustaxona “usuli jadid” maktablari uy bekasi vafot vafot etmog vakil yana yarim yolg‘izlik yoqmog (-ga~) Menga bu bozor yoqadi. yoqtirmog (-ni~) Karimni yoqtiraman. yosh bola yosh qiz yosh yigit yoshligidan yubormog fast, quickly pass. of topmog- to find to be born sort, kind What type of sport is popular? to form, to organize to meet I'll meet with my friends. life repair shop “New method” schools opened by intellectual reformists of 19th century. housewife death to pass away, to die representative also, more half solitude, loneliness to like, to be pleased like this bazaar. to like [like Karim, child, kid young woman young man from his childhood to send210 CHAPTERS o’gish davomida o‘qishga kirmoq o'rta yosh ayol o’rta yosh erkak o’spirin shahar transporti during the studies to enroll (at the university) middle-aged woman middle-aged man teenager public transport she'r poem she’riy to‘plam collection of poems Shukronalik kuni Thanksgiving day chagaloq baby charchamoq tobe tired choyxona teahouseO‘NINCHI DARS CHAPTER TEN OLMA BORMI? NECHA PUL? TALKING ABOUT FOOD: IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Names of food, buying food at an Uzbek marketplace * Diqqat, qoida! Terms of quantity, expressing availability with bor/yo'q, and necessity with kerak, compound verbs * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o'zbekcha Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter212 CHAPTER 10 (O‘qing va tinglang! Follow along with the words and listen to how they are pronounced on the audio. pomidor -_- torvuz %~ i eS olma @e kartoshka tuxum makaron pishlog sabzi ‘-mashq: 6 uzum guruchTalking about Food 213 Oziq-ovgat piramidasi: Kundaliktste'mol Sut mahsulotlari Sabzavetlar > Z Wee << Don mahsulotlari 2-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Sort the food on the previous page into categories according to the food pyramid. Don mahsulotlari | Sut 3-mashq: /. Mustaqil ishlang, Choose at least two dishes given below and make a list of ingredients you would need to prepare them. a, Mevali salat b. Vegeteriancha salat c. Kabob d. Amerikacha nonushta214 CHAPTER 10 4-mashq: A.“ “Sd Sinfdoshlaringiz bilan ishlang. Qaysi mahsulotlarni yomon ko'rasiz? Qaysi mahsulotlarni yaxshi ko'rasiz? Sinfdoshlaringiz-chi? Ular bilan suhbatlashing. Namuna: Siz: Anna, siz sut ichasizmi? Anna: Ha, men har kuni sut ichaman. Siz: Qovun yeysizmi? Anna: Ha, men ba’zan govun yeyman. Siz: Karam-chi? Karam yeysizmi? Anna: Yo'g, karamni uncha yogtirmayman, Uni kamdan-kam yeyman. B. / Now makea summary. Are there any foods which everyone prefers or that no one likes? Namuna: Anna har kunt sut ichadi, Jek har kuni olma yeydi, Tekin karamni uncha yoqtirmaydi 5-mashq: / Bingo! Prepare for the game by filling in the table with the names of food items you just learned. Then play the game by listening to your instructor call out the names of various foods. If one of your items was mentioned, cross it off from your list. The first student to cross out an entire row wins!Talking about Food 215 | earn the new graimar pon and complete the grammar-telated activities. 1. Expressing quantity a. When talking about food in general, food items are used in singular form. Kecha bozordan kartoshka sotib oldim. | bought potatoes (lit: potato) yesterday from the marketplace. Bu pirogni pishirish uchun qulupnay kerak bo'ladi. I need strawberries (lit: strawberry) to make this pie. b. When partitives (units of measure: kilogramm, qop) are used, the suffix -ta (see chapter 4) is omitted. Menga ikki kilogramm olma kerak. | need 2 kilos of apples. . With uncountable items, -ta is not used. Instead, quantity is expressed with partitives. bir banka qatiq - a jar of yogurt; ikki litr sut - two liters of milk; d. The partitive dona - a whole is used with countable nouns: ikki dona olma. However, when translating into English you just say - two apples. . Question words such as nechta, qancha and necha are used when asking about quantity. nechta-how many is used with countable items: Nechta olma kerak? How many apples do you need? necha-how many is used with quantity words: Necha kilo olma kerak? How many kilos of apples do you need? gancha-how much is used with both countable and uncountable items Qancha guruch kerak? How much rice do you need? Bir yarim|kilogramm. One and a half kilos. ox— or8 —, banka op iN ee216 CHAPTER 10 DD kite quiupray uchictolnet Sc os G bir gop olma uch kilo qulupnay ikki banka asal Some examples of uncountable nouns: asal-honey _pishloq gatiq - yogurt suv go'sht guruch you’ sariyog” qaymog ~ cream 6-mashg: // Mustagil ishlang. Complete the activity by answering the questions and making questions. Follow the model. Namuna: Karim kecha ikki kilo olma sotib oldi. Karim necha kilo olma sotib oldi? 1. Dilshod uch dona gul olib keldi. - Siz uch kilo makaron sotib oldingiz, . Farhod bir qoshiq asal yedi- |. Bir kunda qancha suv ichasiz? . Qahvangizga qancha shakar solasiz? . Bir kunda nechta olma yeysiz? oa so NTalking about Food — 217 2. bor and yo'q You have already seen the use of bor and yo‘q in Chapter 4. You can also use bor and yo‘ to indicate whether or not a person has a specific object with him/her. In this case, the noun or pronoun representing the person takes the ending -da. ‘Menda mashina bor. / have a car (available). Bizda mashina yo‘q. We do not have a car. (available) ‘Sizda ruchka bormi? Do you have a pen (here, with you)? Nodirada velosiped bormi? Does Nodira have a bike (with her)? The structure -da bor/yo‘q is used generally to indicate whether or not you have something with you, but it doesn’t necessarily mean you own the item. Note that if you own the item and it belongs to you, then bor/yo'q is used as follows: ‘Mening mashinam bor. / have a car (I own it). Also the above form is used when talking about family members. Uning o'g'li bor. She has a son. Mening singlim yo'g. I do not have a younger sister. (Cars Ge NS 7-mashq:2j Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Bozorda nima bor? Work with a classmate. Use the words you learned and make short dialogues. Follow the model. Namuna: Siz: Bozorda olma bormi? Sinfdoshingiz: Ha, bor. 8-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang, First look at these products, their prices, and quantities. Then answer the questions that follow. 1. qaymog: bir litr bir ming som bir bankada bir itr qaymoq bor 2. olma: bir kilogramm olma olti yuz som _bir kiloda oltita olma bor 3.karam: bir kilogramm karam ikki yuz som —_bitta karam bir yarim kilo 4,tarvuz: bir kilogramm tarvuz ikki yuz so'm — bitta tarvuz ikki yarim kilo 5.guruch bir kilogramm guruch besh yuz so'm qop ichida ellik kilo guruch bor 1. Yarim gop guruch necha pul? 2, Ikkita olma necha pul? 3. Ikki kilogramm karam qimmatmi yoki bitta tarvuz? 4. Bir yarim banka qaymoq necha pul? 5. Ikki kilogramm olma va yarim kilogramm karam necha pul?218 CHAPTER 10 9-mashq: (> Read the following joke. Can you understand the Uzbek humor? 3. Expressing necessity ‘To express necessity, the subject takes the dative case ending -ga, and the word kerak is added after the object of the sentence. ‘Menga non kerak. / need bread. Senga olma kerak. You need apples. Unga ikki kilo un kerak. He needs two kilos of flour. The negative is formed with emas. ‘Menga non kerak emas. | do not need bread. Unga guruch kerak emas. She doesn’t need rice. The interrogative is formed with the suffix -mi, which is added to the end of kerak. Sizga olma kerakmi? Do you need apples? Bizlarga kartoshka kerakmi? Do we need potatoes? Karimaga un kerakmi? Does Karima need flour?, 10-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Create a shopping list to make the following dishes, and think of various ways to say what you need and to ask the seller about the ingredients, salat kabob cme, @GaaiowTalking about Food 219 11-mashq; (23 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang, You are in Uzbekistan and unfortunately out of money. Your paycheck should come in a week, but right now you need to buy something to eat. Negotiate with a classmate and choose only two items to buy from the following list, explaining to the class why you chose them. 4. Emphatic Particles and Interjections In chapter 2, you learned about the question particles -mi and -chi that are added to a word or a sentence to make it into a question. In Uzbek, there are a number of other particles that can add various shades of meaning to the word they are attached to. Some of these include: -a (ya) indicates a question used to ask for confirmation or indicate surprise. Bugun kinoga boramiz-a? We will go to a movie today, won't we? Qo‘g'irchog ekan. Bolaga o'xshaydi-ya?! Evidently, it is a doll. It looks like a child, doesn’t it? -ku is used to intensify and emphasize. Voy, qimmat-ku! Oh, but it is so expensive! U olmagan-ku, nega uni ayblayapsizlar? But he did not take it, why are you blaming him? -da (coll: -de) is used to confirm, emphasize and explain. Kasal edi-da, shuning uchun uncha ko‘p gapirmadi. Well, she was sick; that is why she did not talk much. Interjections are words that express emotion. The most common interjections used in Uzbek include the following: Voy (voy-bo'y, voy xudo) - Oh! Oh, my God! Voy, muncha qimmat? Oh, why so expensive? Voydod! - Help! Voydod, odamlar, qutqaringlar! Help, please help! Uf! is used to express a feeling of exhaustion: Uf, o‘gishdan charchadim. Ta’til tezroq boshlansa edi! 1am sickand tired of my classes. If only break would start already. aeons, . ~~“ —s220 CHAPTER 10 5. Compound Verbs _& Compound verbs are much more expressive in Uzbek than in English, especially when combining one verb with another. These verb combinations add special meaning to the verbs and are not always easily translated into English. Ina compound verb construction, the main verb ‘ends in -ib and is combined with an auxiliary verb, which is conjugated. Here are some common examples: +ib turmog indicates that the action continues regularly or repeatedly. Examples: Kelib turing! Come again (when somebody leaves). Telefon qilib turing. Keep in touch (lit: call us) +ib ko‘rmog adds the meaning of tasting or trying something. ‘Mana bu olmani yeb ko‘ring! Try this apple! Choydan ichib ko'ring. Try this tea. Some compound verbs are simply two-word equivalents in Uzbek of one- word verbs in English. sotib olmog - to buy | Bozordan ikki kilo guruch sotib oldim. I bought two kilos of rice at the bazaar. olib kelmog - to bring Senga Gulistondan qovun olib keldim. I brought a meton for you from Guliston. olib ketmog - to take away Uni Toshkentdan Namanganga olib ketishdi. They took him away from Tashkent to Namangan. tortib bermoq - to weigh Uch kilo go'sht tortib bering. Give me (after weighing it) two kilos of meat. ees se SS Res 12-mashq: Savollarga javob bering. Using the compound verbs, provide the responses. 1. You just found a note your Uzbek friend left for you. His handwriting is quite difficult to understand. You turn to your friend and say: 2. You made cookies, offer some to your Uzbek friends: 3. You are leaving Uzbekistan, but would like to keep in touch with your friends, you say: 4, You made a special cocktail, offer some to your friend: 5. Your classmate asks if you have an extra pen, you have one but are not sure if it writes, you say:Talking about Food 221 ee tenottasienytiict RES ys 5 = a 13-mashq: ‘SS Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Savollarga javob bering. Amerikadagi dehqon bozorlari haqida nimalarni bilasiz? O’zbekistondagi bozorlar haqida-chi? O’zbek va Amerika bozorlarini solishtiring (compare). 14-mashgq: A. (>> Matnni o’qing. Skim the passages. You do not need to understand each word. Try to find answers to the questions that follow. Eski Jo’va (Chorsts) bozoti tarixi Eski Jo'va bozori Toshkent shahridagi eng katta va eng qadimgi bozorlardan biridir. Bozor o’n bir asedan ko'prog tarixga ega. U Toshkentning Shayxontohur jahasida, Ko’kaldosh madrasasining yonida joylashgan. Tadgiqotchilarning fikricha, uning bozor sifatida shakllanishi VII-VIIL ee to'g'ri keladi Bazi tarixiy manbalarga ko’ra, astlar davomida bozor turli nomlar bilan italgan. U dastlab Registon nomi bilan yuritilgan, keyinchalik esa xalg orasida horsu nomi bilan atala boshlangan. Sho’rolar davrida Eski Jo'va mahallasi hududida Kalinin haykali o’matilib, maydon va bozor nomi Oktyabr deb atala boshlangan. Ammo mahalliy aholi bozorni Chorsu yoki Eski Jo'va nomlari bilan ayvergan. Hozirgi vaqtda ham mahalliy aholi orasida bozor Chorsu deb ataladi. Chorsu bozori hagida suhbat Assalomu alaykum, adtli tinglovehilar! Bozorlar hagidagl suhbatimizni Toshkent shahrining eng katta bozorlaridan bin bo'lmish - Chorsu bozoridan davom ettiramiz. Biz hozir Chorsu bozorining ziravolar gismidamiz. Rastalar turli xil ziravolar bilan to‘la. Bozor esa xaridorlar bilan gavjum. Xaridor va sotuvchilar bilan suhbatlashamiz. Xaridorlardan biri, Nasiba opa shunday deydi: - “Menimcha, Chorsu bozori Toshkentdagi eng yaxshi bozor. Men doim shu yerda bozor qilaman, chunki, birinchidan, bozor nihoyatda qulay yerda Joylashgan. Ikkinchidan, bozordagi sotuvchilar juda xushmuomala. Eng asosiysi, ‘mahsulotlarning narxi boshqa bozorlardagi narxlarga qaraganda ancha arzon. Shuningdek, bu yerda mahsulotlarning barcha turlari mavjud.” Sotuvchilardan biti Nuriddin: - “Menimcha, Chorsu bozori juda fayzli bozor. Xaridorlar juda ko’p. Bozorga Toshkentdan, viloyatlardan va qo’shni respublikalardan ham xaridorlar kelishadi. Umuman, bozor yomon emas,"- deydi.222 CHAPTER 10 B. / Mustagil ishlang. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering, 1. Chorsu bozori qaysi shaharda joylashgan? 2. Nasiba opa kim? 3, Nasiba opa Chorsu bozori haqida nima deydi? 4, Nuriddin kim? Unga Chorsu bozori yoqadimi? Nima uchun? _/ Mustagil ishlang. Matn asosida mashqni bajaring. LEN 1. Chorsu Toshkentdagi eng katta bozor. 2. Nasiba opa Chorsu bozorida non sotadi. 3. Nasiba opa doim Chorsu bozoriga keladi. 4. Chorsu bozorida faqat toshkentliklar bozor qiladilar. 5. Nuriddinga bu bozor umuman yoqmaydi. 15-mashq: A. O‘qituvchingiz bilan ishlang. With the help of your instructor, divide these phrases into the following categories. 1. Keling, arzonrogga beraman. 2. Tushiring! 3. Narxi shu. 4, Juda qimmat! 5. Necha pul? 6. Yo'q, bu juda arzon. Yana qo’shing. 7. Yeb ko'ring! 8, 500 so'm beraman. 9. Tortib bering. 10. Qanchadan?Talking about Food 223 B.~ / First study the following dialogues. (In case you need more information on how to use the new phrases, check “Muomala odobi on page 230.) Then make your own dialogues. Xaridor: Tovug sotasizmi? Sotuvchi: Ha, mana. Oling! Xaridor: Necha pul? ‘Sotuvchi: Bir kilosi ikki ming so‘m, xola. Xaridor: Voy, muncha gimmat?! Sotuvchi: Kami bor. Xaridor: Kami qancha? Sotuvchi: Necha pul berasiz? Siz ayting. Xaridor: Bir yarim ming beraman, bo'ladimi? Sotuvchi: Bir ming sakkiz. yuz bering. Xaridor: Ha, bo'pti. Torting, Keling, yangi kartoshka bor. Qanchadan? : Besh yuz so’m. Voy-bo'y, qimmat-ku?! Yangi kartoshka-de, aka! : Bo'lmaydi. To'rt yuzga berasizmi? To'rt yuz sakson so'm bering. : Bo'lmaydi. Sotuvchi: Singlim keling, issiq non oling. Xaridor: Qanchadan? Sotuvchi: Bir yuz ellik so’m. Xaridor: To’rttasini besh yuz so'mga berasizmi? Sotuvchi: Ellik som qo'shing. 7 Xaridor: Xo'p, o'rab bering. 7. Sotuvehi: Mana, oling, Xaridor: Rahmat, bozoringizni bersin Sotuvehi: Sizga ham rahmat.224 CHAPTER10 16-mashq: &@ Dialoglarni tinglang. A. _/ Birinchi suhbat asosida savollarga javob bering, 2. Bir dona somsa necha pul? 1, Sotuvchi qanday somsa sotyapti? piyozli | 200so'm | Pee 150 so'm _| a 20so'm =| | 3. Nima uchun somsa 4, Xaridor nechta somsa arzonroq bo'lmaydi? sotib oldi? chunkijuda yaxshisomsa | |_| uchta ‘chunki eng arzon somsa ikkita chunki hozir go'sht qimmat | bitta Suhbatni tinglang. Nugtalar o'rniga kerakli so’zlarni qo’yib, suhbatni to‘Idiring, necha pul? so’m, Oling, juda yaxshi asal, ekan-ku?! asal. Mana, Xaridor: Ha, juda mazali. Arzonrog berasizmi? Sotuochi: Qancha olasiz? Xaridi beraman, bo'ladimi? Bo‘Imaydi. 1850 so’mga ola goling. ee beramnan.Talking about Food 225 17-mashq: _/ Mustaqil ishlang. Find the following food items in the crossword below. shaftoli yog’ olma karam zum — bedring Moa shakar a -sabzi— un ARBSaCUSl. Ge eRebaledeP. | Tt HOSHSNS OS RTezoneu | | OP RA inele: (eo ante O mame errant | 1 ESE Kee a aH KEK oe Ve DSP AS [Ze fie] oo Nf esd rade aK Vv | Ro] A RESIS ORT Ea Mira On| eZule Af SUG lr Nis ala eee OREDEIER: | Nee | A We SGtajsOs|-Zea) U5) 2 | SUStaM Price you are willing to pa allot of fun, and good language practice too!226 CHAPTER 10 18-mashq: BPFH, Watch the video and answer the questions below. 1. Quyidagi mahsulotlar necha pul turadi? pomidor bodring gizil sabzi sarig sabzi piyoz 2. Xaridorga nima kerak? 3. Xaridorga kerak bo‘lgan mahsulot necha pul turadi? 4, Bu mahsulot uchun xaridor ul to‘ladi? 19-mashq: /, -23 Role play. Make a shopping list and go buy your items from a classmate.Talking about Food 227 ‘Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan mashqlarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va ‘grammatik qoidalarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering. Expressing guautity 20-mashq: / What are some quantity words that can be used with each of these products? Write them down. The first one is done for you. olma - ikki dona olma, ikki kilo olma, ikkita olma. gaymoq suv tarvuz guruch ae asal karam x aly a ree ee enc Z1-mashq: Which question word do you use for the underlined words? Follow the model and make questions. ‘A: Menga bir kilogramm guruch kerak. B: Sizga necha kilogramm guruch kerak? 1. Faridaga uchta shaftoli kerak. 2. Kabob uchun yarim kilogramm qo’y go‘shti kerak. 3. Bugun palov pishiramiz, shuning uchun bizga sabzi kerak. 11 O'zbekiston Respublikasi davlat 2. Bu shahar O’zbekistonda joylashgan. 3. Bu sabzavotni o’zbeklar asosan palov tayyorlash uchun ishlatadilar. 4, Bu mahsulot non pishirish uchun* kerak. 5. Kabob uchun kerak. a. sabzi b. go’sht ©. Samargand d. o'zbek tili e.un “pishirish uchun - for preparing; cooking228 CHAPTER10 esate Rede cn 23-mashq: /. Respond to these sentences, but don’t translate them. 1. Your brother wants to borrow your car; say that you need it today. 2. You want to cook vegetarian food: write down the ingredients that you need. 3. Ask your classmate if he needs an Uzbek dictionary. 4. The librarian is saying that they have a Kazakh dictionary; say that you do not need it. 5. A shopper in Tashkent is telling you that he has inexpensive meat. Say that you do not need inexpensive meat; you need fresh meat. 6. You need a red pen. Ask your classmate if he/she has one. 7. You want to buy a carpet in Bukhara; ask the seller if he has one, 8. You want to buy a car; ask the dealership if they have one. 10. Your brother asks if you have money; tell him that you don’t. 11. You need an Uzbek dictionary; ask the library if they have one.Talking about Food — 229 imac: 69 Aziz went toa market in Tashkent: Ashe ts to finda beter deal and bargain he asks many questions. Listen to the following responses given by the shoppers. Based on the answers, can you figure out his questions? Write them down. a. L-sotuvchi: 2 bidssotvehie a a neh ee? 25-mashq: 6 How much does it cost? Listen and write down how much the following items cost. a.qulupnay:—____________ d.uzum: b. kitoh: e. televizor: ¢.non: f. yangi passport: Compound verbs 26-mashq: /. Read the sentences; based on the context complete them with an appropriate compound verb, yeb ko’rmoq, ichib ko'rmoq, telefon qilib turmog, kelib tur- ‘moq, sotib olmogq, olib kelmog, tortib bermog. 1. Keling, mana bu nondan Hozir do‘kondan olib keldik. 2. Bu gullarni qayerdan 2 Juda chiroyli ekan! 3. Feruza, mana bu choyni 4, Mana bu tarvuz necha kilo? -Bilmayman. Bering, 5, Xayr, Jamila, Bizga St230 CHAPTER 10 69 Listen to these phrases. First, discuss them with your instructor in class. Then using the phrases, work with your classmate to create a dialogue. Savdolashish - Bargaining / Sotuvchi: | Xaridor: Bo'lishi shu. Kami bormi? This is the minimum price. Will you sell it for less? Narxi shu, Arzonrogqa berasizmi? This is the price. | Will you sell it for a cheaper price? Qancha berasiz? Arzonrog bo‘ladimi? | How much are you willing to pay? ‘s cheaper possible? Kami bor, Semel kd jucvonteeciecs Jam willing to sell it for less. | peljll pay 200 som. Rozimisiz? Do you agree? Ikki kilosi necha pul bo‘ladi? How much for two kilos? | Rahmat, bozoringizni bersin. Thank you, good luck! | (lit: blessings for selling your Products, have a good profit).Talking about Food — 231 inexpensive, cheap honey jar cucumber to shop to say grain whole Old City (a part of Tashkent) the name of the central market place in Tashkent only charming, delightful crowded meat chicken lamb potato needed, necessary kilogram liter product pasta aoailable, present tasty fruit muncha (coll) Muncha qimmat? narx Necha pul? non olib kelmoq olib ketmog olma pishloq piyoz pomidor rasta gadimgi gancha Qanchadan? gatiq gaymoq qimmat qism go’shmoq qo’shni qop qoshiq qovun qulupnay sabzavot sabzi salat sariyog’ solmoq sotib olmoq sotmoq 0, $0 much Why so expensive? price How much? bread to bring fo take away apple cheese onion tomato row of shops; counter ancient, old how much How much? yogurt (plain) cream expensive part toad neighbor ‘sack spoon melon strawberry vegetable carrot salad butter to put, to place fo buy to sell252 CHAPTER 10 sotuvehi suhbatlashmoq sut suv tarvuz tortib bermoq seller to talk, to converse milk water ‘watermelon to weigh fo lower 38. salt fopay full, filled (with) in general ‘flour grapes viloyat xaridor xushmuomala yemoq you’ o’simlik yog’i yoqmog (-ga~) Menga bu bozor yoqadi. ziravor shaftoli shakar region buyer, customer polite to eat oil fat vegetable oil fo like, to please like this bazaar (lt: this bazaar pleases me)O‘NBIRINCHIDARS * CHAPTER ELEVEN RESTORANDA ORDERING FOOD AND DRINKS IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Uzbek cuisine, ordering food and drinks * Diqgqat, qoida! Adjectives, bor/yog and kerak in the past and future, expressing ability * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activites to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter234 CHAPTERII ) 1-mashq: 6} O’qing va tinglang! Follow along with the words and listen to how they are pronounced on the audio. *Necha porsiya?" “Necha pul bo'ladi?" / Menga biroz suv lb kelsangiz. £ << Osh bots Bu it Sho'rva sovib qgolibdi. The soup is cold. ‘Men bo'lka non buyurgandim. But I ordered a roll. Bitta yopgan non olib keling. Bring a flat bread, please. Go'shtsiz taomlar ham bormi? Do you have anything vegetarian? Rosa mazali bo'libdi. It is so delicious.Ordering Food and Drinks 235 sho'rva - soup bir shisha vino/pivo - a bottle of wine/beer chuchvara - meat dumplings bir stakan suv - a glass of water boiled in beef broth bir choynak choy - a kettle of tea manti - steamed meat dumplings _ ikki porsiya palov ~ two servings of pilaf lag'mon ~ noodle soup achchig - spicy somsa - meat pastry sho'r - salty kabob (shashlik) - kebabs mazali - tasty palov (osh) - a rice dish with meat, _ shirin - sweet carrots and spices nordon - sour choy murabbo - jam kofe/qahva muz-qaymog - ice cream koka-kola tort - cake sharbat = juice pirog - pie ayron - a drink made of yoghurt and water 2-mashq: | / Mustaqil ishlang. Look at the phrases given in 1-mashq. Which of these phrases are usually used by waiters (ofitsiant) and which by customers (xo’randa)? Can you think of any phrases that are not given there? 3-mashq: &, =» Dialogni oqing. Ofitsiant: Keling, o'tiring. Nima olib kelay? Xo'randa: Go'shitlitaomlardan nima bor? Ofitsiant: Manti, sho‘rva, palov bor. Xo'randa: Kabob bormi? Ofitsiant: Ha, bor. Xo‘randa: Yaxshi, uch six kabob bilan ikkita yopgan non olib keling. Ofitsiant: Xo’p. Nima ichasiz? Choy olib kelaymi? Xo‘randa: Choydan tashgari yana nima bor? Ofitsiant: Sovugqina ayron bor. Koka-kola, sprayt va shunga o’xshash gazli ichimliklar ham bor. Xo‘randa: Yaxshi, menga bir choynak pamil choy olib keling. Ofitsiant: Har xil shirinliklarimiz, ham bor. Ozgina olib kelaymi? Xo'randa: Yo'g, rahmat, kerak emas,236 CHAPTER11 4-mashq: (Sy Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Get together with a classmate and make a dialogue using the new vocabulary and phrases given in 1-3-mashq. 5-mashq: /, Mustagil ishlang. Nima buyurasiz? Nima yeysiz? 1. Ertalab qahvaxonaga kirdingiz: ish uchun turkcha restoranga kirdingiz: 3. Meksikacha restorandasiz: 4, Do'stlaringiz bilan barda o'tiribsiz: 5. Do‘stlaringiz bilan kinoteatrdasiz: 6. Muhim imtihondan awal: 6mashq: |“, Mustaqil ishlang. Quyidagilar to’g‘rimi yoki noto‘g'ri? 1. Chuchvara pishirishni bilmayman. 2. Kabobni uncha yoqtirmayman. 3. Koka-kola ichmayman. 4, Har kuni ertalab ko'k choy ichaman. 5. Nordon mevalarni yaxshi ko'raman. 6. Har kuni o'zbek milliy taomlarini tayyorlayman. 7. Olmali pirogni yomon ko'raman. 7-mashq: “3 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Quyida berilgan matnlarni o’gib, savollarga javob bering. a. Toshkentdan uchib ketyapsiz, samolyotdasiz. Stuardessa sizga paloy olib keladi, lekin siz go'sht yemaysiz, vegeteriansiz. Vaziyatni tushuntiring. b. Farg‘onadagi kichik bir restoranga kirdingiz. Somsa va salat buyurdingiz. Ofitsiant somsa va sho‘rva olib keldi. Ofitsiantga nima deysiz? Vaziyatni qanday tushuntirasiz? c. Buxorodagi eng yaxshi restoranlarning birida o'tiribsiz. Ofitsiant bir shisha vino alib keladi va bexosdan uni sizning yangi oq sviteringizga to‘kib yuboradi. Nima qilasiz? Nima deysiz?COndering Food and Drinks 237 Diqgat, qoida! eon ae 1. Adjective-forming suffixes The English adjectives famous, thirsty, girlish are formed from nouns by adding adjectival suffixes such as -ous, -y, and -ish. Similar to English, Uzbek adjectives can also be formed from nouns. Some of the suffixes that form adjectives include: a. -li__ this suffix is attached to nouns to convey belonging, containing, and having the characteristics expressed in the meaning of the noun. olma - apple, olmali - with apple, olmali pirog - apple pie go‘sht - meat, go‘shtli - with meat, go‘shtli somsa - meat somosas aql - intellect, aqlli - intelligent, aqlli talaba - intelligent student baxt - happiness, baxtli - happy, baxtli olla - happy family. b. -siz this suffix is attached to nouns to convey lack of characteristics expressed in the meaning of the noun. kuch - strength, kuchsiz - weak, kuchsiz dalil - weak evidence Ikkita go'shtli somsa bering. Give me two meat somsas. Shakarli choy ichmang. Do not drink tea with sugar. U sutli choy ichishni yoqtiradi. She likes drinking tea with milk. Aalli yigitga o'xshaydi. He seems to be a smart guy. c. -gina this suffix is added to an adjective to convey a meaning of diminutiveness and/or affection. ozgina - very few, very tiny shiringina - very sweet, cute The ending is added to adverbs to add the meaning of ‘recentness’. Hozirgina Karimni ko‘rdim. Yugursangiz, yetib olasiz. 1 just now saw Karim, if you run you can catch him. Kechagina tuzuk edingiz, bugun nima qildi? You were healthy only yesterday, what happened to you? aa ESN.238 CHAPTER 11 Smash: Mustaqil ishlang, Describe these words in Uzbek. The first one is done for you. = shakarli | ichida shaker bor - agi . mazali }. odobsiz giz bilan ishlang. Look at the following Uzbek proverbs and discuss them with a classmate. Present your translation to the class. Then discuss it with your instructor. | mein Lis Agli aglsizdan o'rgan. 2. Past and future forms of bor and yo‘ The past tense of bor and yo‘g is formed with the help of the defective verb emog in the simple past tense. Examples: Sinfimizda eski televizor bor edi. There was an old TV in our classroom. Bu xonada kompyuter yo‘q edi. There was no computer in this room. To express the existence/non-existence in the future, the verb bo'lmog-to be, to become is used. Examples: Kelasi yil bahorda sabzavotlar ko‘p bo'ladi. There will be a lot of vegetables next spring. Ertaga bayram, dars bo‘lmaydi. Tomorrow is a holiday, there won't be any class. Note that the future form of the sentences constructed with the personal predicate endings are also formed with the help of the verb bo'lmog. Ertaga ertalab soat beshda Qo‘qonda bo‘laman. 1 will be in Kokand tomorrow at 5 am. Universitetni bitirib, do‘xtir bo‘lasiz. After graduating from the University, you will become a doctor. eS SeOrdering Food and Drinks 239 10-mashq: /_ Savollarga javob bering. Read the following statements and indicate whether they are to’g’ri or noto’g’ri. 1. 17-astda Yevropada avtomobillar bor edi. 2, 1910-yilda Toshkent O'zbekiston poytaxti edi 3, 1860-yilda AQSh ellikta shtatdan iborat edi di-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Imagine you are working in a Chinese restaurant in Tashkent. The owner asked you to write some sentences to go inside the fortune cookies. Using the construction bor/ yo'q in the future tense, write at least five fortunes. 3. Past and future forms of kerak Now that you know how to make bor and yo'g in the past and future, you can use kerak in these tenses easily, since kerak is formed almost the same as bor and yo'q. For the past tense, add edi after kerak. Examples: Unga qovog kerak edi, lekin bahorda qovoqni qayerdan topasiz? She needed a pumpkin, but where would you find one in the spring? The negative is formed by adding emas edi. Alisherga sizning maslahatingiz kerak emas edi. Alisher didn’t need your advice. To form the future tense, add bo‘ladi or bo‘Imaydi after kerak. Menimcha, sizga qizil ruchka kerak bo‘ladi. 1 think you will need a red pen. Issiq kiyimlaringizni olib kelmang, ular sizga kerak bo‘Imaydi. May oyida Toshkentda havo issiq bo‘ladi. Do not bring your warm clothes, you will not need them. In May it is warm in Tashkent. ES ee Ne240 CHAPTER 11 12-mashq: ‘ Mustaqil ishlang. Furgat went to a folbin (fortune/palm reader). Here are some things that she predicted about his future. In what order do you think these things are going to happen to Furgat? (hint: oy nomlariga ahamiyat bering!) Bir oy shifoxonada yot la ko‘p dori kerak bo‘ladi. Fevralda yangi uy va mashina sotib oladi. Iyunda shu qizga uylanadi. Martda mashinasida halokatga uchraydi. ~ Mayda do‘sti uylanadi. Ikki yildan keyin farzandli bo‘ladi. Do‘stining nikoh to‘yida bir qizni uchratadi va uni sevib qoladi. Yanvarda Toshkentdan Buxoroga ko‘chadi.. 13-mashq: “© Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Discuss these questions with your classmate. Bir yildan keyin nima qilasiz? Qayerda ishlaysiz? O'n yildan keyin qayerda yashaysiz? Oilangiz, farzandlaringiz bo'ladimi?‘Ordering Food and Drinks 241 4. Expressing ability In general, the English modal auxiliary verb can is used to express possibility and ability. In Uzbek, similar meaning is expressed with a compound verb construction. Recall from Chapter 10 that compound verbs in Uzbek are formed by ‘combining the main verb (in past gerund form) with the auxiliary verb. To express ability, the main verb is used in the present gerund form and then followed by an auxiliary verb olmoq. The present gerund is formed by: adding -y to the stem of a verb ending with a vowel: o'gimog-o'aiy ‘adding -a to the stem of a verb ending with a consonant: ketmoq-keta The verbs in present gerund form are combined with the verb colmog. In this case, the main verbs in the present gerund form remain unchanged and only the auxiliary verb is conjugated to indicate tense, person, and number. U o'zbek tilida gapira oladi. He can speak Uzbek. ‘Siz mashina tuzata olasiz. You can fix cars. Karim sizga telefon gila ol madi. Karim could not call you. Biz konsertga bora olmaymiz. We can’t go to the concert. Note that in colloquial speech (especially in Tashkent dialect) the main verb and olmoq are pronounced together as one word. Sizga telefon qilolmadim. | was not able to call you. Xitoy tilida gaplasholadimi? Can she speak Chinese? Ce etme re ee 14-mashq: Savollarga javob bering. Answer the following questions. 4. Mashina hayday olasizmi? 2. Pianino chala olasizmi? Sinfdoshingiz-chi? 3. Yapon tilida gaplasha olasizmi? 4, Turli taomlarni bematol tayyorlay olasizmi? 5. Do'stingiz chang‘i ucha oladimi?242 CHAPTERI1 15-mashq: A. \,>* Matnlarni o’ging. Match the person who best fits the job requirements in the ads below. “Sayohat” firmasi “Diyor” restorani o‘zbek tarjimonlarni ishga milliy taomlarini mahorat tallif qiladi. bilan tayyorlay oladigan tel: 108-77-86 malakall oshpagiarnt ishga taklif giladi! ‘Telefonlarimiz: 1198-00-56 1485-17-89 Toshkent markazida ertalab soat 9:00dan kech soat 6:00gacha joylashgan “Urumchi” restorani tajribali oshpaz va ofitsiantlarni ishga taklif giladi. { tel: 135-67-98 \ Ismimn Ra’no, malakali oshpazman. ‘Teshkentdagi “Bahor’ restoranida ishlayman. O'zbek va uyg'ur milliy taomlarini tayyorlay olaman. Ismim Nozim. Toshkent Davlat Universitetida o'giyman. O'zbek, rus, ingliz va fransuz tillarida Semalol gaplasha olaman, Undan tashgari, kompyuterda ishlay olaman, O'zbekiston tarixi, ayniqsa, Samargand, Buxoro, Xiva va Toshkent Y shaharlari tarixini yaxshi bilaman. eel(Ordering Food and Drinks 243 Ismim Farhod. Malakali ospazman. “O'zbekiston”” mehmonxonasining restoranida ishlayman. Bu yerda, ‘asosan, o'zbek milliy taomlarini tayyorlayman. i Ismim Nargiza, Toshkent Davlat Pedagogika institurida 0 ‘giyman. O'zbek, rus va nemis sillarida bemalol gaplasha olaman. Ismim Jamila, oshpazman. Toshkent Davlat ‘Shargshunoslikinsttutining ashxonasida ishlayman. O'zbek milliy taomlari va turli ‘xl shirinliklarni tayyorlay olaman, xm ee B._/ Savollarga javob bering. 1. Ra’no malakali oshpazmi? Nima uchun shunday deb o*ylaysiz? 2. Farhod-chi? Jamila hagida nima deb o‘ylaysiz? 3. “Diyor” restorani kimni ishga yollashi kerak"? Nima uchun? 4, “Urumchi” restorani kimni ishga yollashi kerak? 5. Sizningcha, “Sayohat” firmasi kimni ishga yollashi kerak?- ‘kimni ishga yollashi kerak? Who should they hire?ee eee 16-mashq: A. «>» Mustaqil ishlang. O’zbek milliy taomlari haqidagi matnni sinfda, o Gituvchingiz bilan birga o'qib, savollarga javob bering. O'’zbek milly taomlari O'zbek milliy taomlari haqida nimalarni bilasiz? Ularni tayyorlay olasizmi? O'zbek oshxonasi Shargda xilma-xilligi bilan mashhur, O’zbek taomlarining ayrimlari ko'p asrlik tarixga ega. Palov (yoki osh) ~ o'zbek milliy taomlarining shohi bo'lib, ham kundalik ham bayramona taom hisoblanadi. Toly, o'tirish va tug’ilgan kunlar ushbu milliy taomsiz o'tmaydi. Osh tayyorlash uchun guruch, go’sht, yoq’, sabzi va piyoz kabi mahsulotlardan foydalaniladi. O'zbek milliy taomlari orasida sho'tva asosiy o’rinnt egallaydi. Ushbu taom_ sabzi, piyoz, kartoshla labi sabzabotlardan tayyorlanadi. Shakarob (yoki achchiq-chuchuk) - O’zbekistonda eng ko’p tayyorlanadigan salat. U vitaminlarga boy va {uda mazalidir. Shakarob tayyorlash uchun sizga piyoz, pomidor, bodring va tuz kerak bo'ladi, xolos! Salat yoz va kuz oylarida, bozorlar sabzavot va ko'atlarga mo'l bo'lgan vaqtlarda tayyorlanadi Non - o’zbek milliy taomlati orasida alohida o'rinni egallaydi. Nonning ikki ‘turi mavjud: yopgan non va patir non. Yopgan non suvga qoriladi. Patir non esa sutga gorilgan yog'l xamitdan tayyorlanadi ‘Somsa - qatlam xamirli milly pishiriq bo'lib, odatda tandirda yopiladi. Somsa go'shtli, kartoshlali yoki qovoqli bo adi. Bahor oylarida esa ko’k somsa tayyorlanadi. Bunday somsa ko'k piyoz va ismaloq kabi ko‘katlardan tayyorlanadi. B. | /. Using the text above, label the following dishes. To make it easy for you the ingredients are also given. +1 kilo guruch + yarim kilogramm go'sht +2 dona piyoz +1 kilogramm sabzi -bitta piyoz +350 gramm yog + tuz -ziraOniering Food and Drinks 245 1 Yani kilogram su : oe gramm piyor 00 gram go'sht (kartoshka yoki govoq) + murch *tuz + 200 gramm pomidor + 200 gramm bodring + bir dona piyoz + tuz 400 gramm o'shti “ikkita kartoshka bir dona sai = bir dona piyo2 “ikki dona pomnidor + bir kilogramm un + bir piyola sut + bir piyola yoo’ + tuz + achitgi246 CHAPTER 11 emashq: © gq: ¢ S Suhl i BSsu ane) O‘zbek milliy taomlari hi lease lle taomlari hagida mina er aa oa Ee lente ‘your favorit te pian At oe rite styles of food and Raa meksikacha xitoycha yaponcha 18-mashg: «>» Matnni o'gi ter) ‘qing. O'zbek milli o’qing. Matnda beri illiy taomi “Jarkop” : viakpeneeeed ees er esl ae =e mo 6) Be ARALASHTIRMOQ QowRM: a peices mal wog ek ie whee eer : Jarkop Jarkop yor kunlarida, cabvavot va ko tale mol organ vaatlardatayyorianad | Mp taom ua Sizee PIVOT BY ysht, pomidor, 11) gabzi, kartostka, 0 sell yyor'i va har xil Ko “katlar kerak yaxshilab qo'vuring, S08 * bo'ladi- \ pomidor, eta ge \ pera tz. qos, ng cians Bi adi. Ko'katlardan soliby sabzi va karte: ‘gaynating Se soatdan keyin jarkop ‘tayyor bo'l | Gasturxonga torting! lotlar ro'yxati btta pivee aukitn sabzi oa yarn Kilogram yori, bir yo liegt 1°” 300 gram go’ sity im kartoshkt bir choy | Kerakli maltst to'rtta pomidor, birozgina o's gosh tuOrdering Food and Drinks 247 | 19-mashq: _/ “# Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Write a recipe to describe the way you cook a dish, but don’t give its name; let your classmates figure out which dish you are describing. 20-mashq: “ O’qituvchingiz bilan ishlang, First with the help of your instructor, read the scenarios, Then create short exchanges with a classmate, ‘A. Qirg‘zistonda, O'sh shahrida yashaysiz. Shut shahardagi universitetda o‘sbek rlini o'rganasiz. Uyingizni, uyda qilinadigan ovgatlarni juda sog’indingiz. Olmali prog ilishni basi, hozirging bozorga borib, olma, ingiz ishni unutibsiz. sotib oldingiz. Afiuski, shakar sotib olishni gale (bir keksa ayo, inglizchani umuman bilmayd) ikki piyola shakar so'vang. xem ae statement B. Do stlaringiz bilan saylea chigmogchisiz. Burchmuullo gishlog'iga borib ishlog baland tog Tar orasida joylashgan), o'sha yerda ikki kun dam olmogchisiz. Do'stingiz bilan saylni rejalashtiring. U yerga ganday borish, nima olib borish hagida suhbatlashing. Sizga nima kerak bo Tadi? Nima erak bo'Imaydi?248 CHAPTER 11 2-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Read the following menu. Add the necessary information, For the dishes that you don’t know, consult with your instructor. Add two more dishes (that you like) and their descriptions. “Bahar” reste vaniqa Kh helibsig! Acorspaloomiar! ms Est nillin icomlart = = Pelow ea Go'sht (qo’y yoki mol), yog’, sabzi va guruch. 1000 so'm. i Ichtmolikler 1. Choy (kok yoki qora) 100 so'm 2 Sharbat (qulupnay, olma, apelsin) 3. Koka-kola Shove = 5. “J Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Role play. Now that you have your menu ready, pretend you are an ofitsiant and ask/ recommend food to your classmate. Your classmate will be xo’randa and ask questions, order and/or complain about your food. Use the following situations: 1, Siz palov buyurasiz, sizga sho'rva olib keladilar. 2. Stol juda kir. 3, Do'stingiz mast. 4, Ofitsiant sizni unuta i, yoningizga kelmaydi. 5. Sizga yana (ovqat, suv, choy) kerak. 6. Bir do'stingiz kech keladi, sizga yana bitta stul kerak.Ordering Food and Drinks 249 23-mashq: BP». tHe video you are about to watch was filmed in Tashkent. When people order food they use words such as, irinchisi or ikkinchisi. What do you think these two words B. /. Watch the video and fill in the table below with the menu items you hear. Birinchisiga __Ikkinchisiga Salatlar Sharbatlar Cc. / What did each person order? Jamshid (ko‘k ko'ylakda) Elianora (kul rang bluzkada) Dildora (qizil ko‘ylakda) Sardor (oq ko‘ylakda) Qanday salat va qanday sharbat buyurdilar? Qanday shirinliklar buyurdilar?Food plays an important part in Uzbek life; all the cultural events are marked with food of different kinds. Palov is the main dish for Uzbeks, More often than any other kind of food, this one is offered to new guests ‘Also there isa ceremony called “nahorgi osh’ - morning palov. It fs held during weddings or funerals. Before the event the “sabzi to’g'rar’. “slicing the carrot’ ceremony takes place. It is usually visited by neighbors and close relatives, who come to help cut up the vegetables for palov. A day later, for the “nahorgi osh,” friends, relatives, there are alot o and neighbors are j invited. Morr ee right afer the eae s #7 ae Sree ea a ae tha Gwell-wishing), ey Serve bread, te oT age Ys + ol lasts for a lea oe Gan! ited performers Play tradition; E hone fmen and sing songs alge “hotpon le Busts ae given ai usually ~ fees nal men’s robes. se a Sememorition Palov (paloy $uests read ‘com f Tat pon who poe a 5 ° nae ue ae ee i thvited into the 5 feet, ri et ied. Instead £ *food stands” On the streets rt pe Food: The dishes where you of be posted at the entrance: wil eri foritand order everywhere, 30 9nce YOu S won'tneeda ment: Prices and types o 24-mashq: A. What kind of food do people serve in this restaurant? A In this chapter you learned about the tandir - clay oven, which Uzbeks use to make non, somsa and other national dishes. Watch a short video to learn more about a tandir and the process of baking Uzbek non.Ordering Food and Drinks 251 ‘Mustagilishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va ‘grammatik qoidalarning ishlatlishiga ahamiyat bering. Formation of adjectives 25-mashq: _,/ Choose the option that best completes the sentence. Go'shtl somsa uchun menga Rerak. 3, Sutsiz kofe uchun kerale emas. ‘a. go’sht a. kofe b, sabzi b.suv c.kartoshka c.sut 2.Restoranda taomlarni pishiradi. 4. Vegeteriancha sho'rva uchun Rerak emas, a. xo'randa a. go’sht b.ofitsiant b. Kartoshka c. oshpaz ©. piyoz Past and. Gatare forms of bor aud yo'g 26-mashq: / Quyidagi gaplar siz uchun to’g’rimi yoki noto’gri? Statement 1. Onyil avval elektron pochtam (email) bor edi. 2. Uch yil avval o'zbek tli lug/atim bor edi. 3. O'nyildan keyin farzandlarim bo'ladi. 4. Bir yildan keyin xitoy tilida bemalol gaplashaman. 5, Ikki yildan keyin O'zbekistonga boraman. 6. Besh yildan keyin oilali bo'laman. 27-mashq: _/ Imagine that during your stay in Tashkent sombody breaks into your apartment and steals several things. Below are the things that you had before the break-in. Write a short report about it. Make sure to indicate where each item was located. Follow the model. Kompyuter: Kecha mana shu xonada, stolning ustida kompyuter bor edi, bugun esa yo'q.22. CHAPTER TI Expressiug ability 28-mashq: /” Quyidagi gaplar siz uchun to‘g'rimi yoki noto' ‘ri? 1, Ispan tilida bemalol gaplasha olaman. | T2| an 2. Ovgat pishira olmayman. 3. Matematikani yaxshi ko'raman, qiyin masalalamni* yecha olaman’, 4, Velosiped hayday olmayman. 5. *Pianino chala olaman. 29-mashq: _/ Whatare these people able or unable to do? List at least two things for each. a. Klark Kent b. Jeyms Bond: c. Indiana Jons: 30-mashq: Compose sentences as in the model. Namuna: do‘stim Anna, fransuzcha, gaplashmoq Do’stim Anna fransuzcha gaplasha oladi, men esa fransuzcha gaplasha olmayman. Ibrohim, mashina, tuzatmog (to repair) —_Laylo, chang'i uchmog (to ski) Zamira, italyancha ovget, tayyorlameg —_o'shnim Dilshod, dutor (Uzbek musical instrument) chalmoq* *chalmoq - fo play (musical instruments)Ordering Food and Drinks 253 31-mashq: A.“ / First read the text and fill in the blanks with the correct form of words in brackets. ing eri Milliy Universitetda (to work) Karima esa vagtinchalik (unemployed Maktabda o’gituychi Ingliz tilida (can speak) la (can work) Ikkinchi ayolning ismi Nodis h lodira. U endigina 19 Yoshda. Bu yil may oyida maktabni (to graduate) ——— Ozbek va rus tllarida (can speak) — pyuterda (can work) Biror firmada kotiba bo'ibishlashni xohlaydi, Kutayotgan odamlar orasida o'rta yosh erkak bor. Uning ismi Shavk, ey at. Asli f : __horirgi vaqtda Toshkentda (to ie eee B, 68 Now listen to the audio to check your answers. C. /. Write three brief dialogues that can happen between an employment agent and each of the people mentioned in the text above.251 CHAPTER 4 with your instructor in class. is to these phrases. First, discuss them witl rasa the phrases, werk with your classmate to create a dialogue. Taklif gilish - Invitations | Javob - Response ] Men sizni ... (o‘tirishga, tug‘ilgan Qarshi emasman! Mayli. kunga) taklif qilaman. _ [don’t mind. Let’s go. | would like to invite you toa... (party; birthday party). | Bizning uyimizga keling, Come to our house. Rahmat. Albatta, kelaman. Thank you, I'll surely come. Mayli, yo'q demayman, | Sure, I don’t mind. Sizni ... ga taklif qilsam bo‘ladimi? | Afsuski, bora olmayman. May | invite you toa... ? Unfortunately, | can’t come. Kinoga boraylik. llojim yo‘q, kechirasiz. Let’s g0 toa movie! It is not possible, | am sorry. Qarshi bo‘Imasangiz, parkka borsak. | Qarshi emasman, Jf you do not mind, may we go | 1 don’t mind. to a park? Yuring, ... ga borib kelamiz, | Let’s go to... Suibat —————— ; Gulchehra copa, uring, pore porib: kelamiz. Mesh Mayli, qaysi bozorga? “ene rn ea Soat oltilarda, bo‘ladimi? erOntering Food and Drinks 255 bexos(dan) biroz bo'tim bo'tka non (coll) buyurmoq, dimlamoq dori endi firma foydalanmog taal ichimliklar halokatga uchramoq imtihon ishga yollamoq ishlagan (v) abi ir lo‘chib kelmoq, ko'chmog, ko'kat kotiba ‘kutayotgan_ odamlar lag’mon spicy orange tostir ‘main, fundamental mainly, basically a drink made of yoghurt and water unintentionally alittle, afew branch roll, loaf of bread to order to steam medicine just now; from now on ‘company, business to make use of ‘cabonated drinks to get into an accident drinks exam tohire he/she has worked such as, like dirty to move in to move greens secretary (female) people who are waiting noodle soup mahalla mahorat malakali masala mast mavjud mazali mo‘ mozor muhim murabbo murch muz-qaymoq, Necha porsiya? Necha pul bo'ladi? Nima olib kelay? nordon ochilmoq, ofitsiant osh bo'lsin palov/osh patir non pirog. pivo piyola pishirig rosa qahvaxona qalampir qovoq qovurmog rejalashtirmog neighborhood expertise skilled, experienced problem, question drunk available, existing tasty bountiful, abundant graveyard important jam black pepper ice cream How many servings? How much is it going to cost? What should I bring? sour pass. of ochmog ~ to open ‘waiter bon appétit arrice dish (fancy raised tandoor bread pie beer cup pastry very, really coffeeshop red hot pepper pumpkin tory to plansomsa stakan_ sviter tajribali tajribasiz taklif etmoq taklif qilmog tandirda yopmoq tavsiya qilmoq tayyor bo‘lmoq tayyorlamoq to’g‘ramoq to’kib yubormoq, toy to‘yimli tort turli tug‘ilgan kun unutmog (-ni ~) ismini unutdim. ushbu vagtinchalik vaziyat to fall in love skewer to ask for to miss I missed my home. I missed my mom. to put ‘meat pastry glass sweater experienced inexperienced to offer to invite to bake in a tandoor oven (clay oven) to recommend to be ready to prepare to.cut, to slice to spill ‘wedding filling, substantial cake various types birthday to forget Lforgot his name. this (very), those (very) temporarily situation vino xamir xilma-xil xo'randa xohlamoq xolos yaxshilab yangi ochilgan Yaxshi pishmabdi. yechmoq yordam yopgan non zira o'tirish shakarob (achchig- chuchuk) sharbat sharqshunoslik shirin. shirinlik shoh sho'rva shubhasiz chalmoq, chang‘i uchmog, Chilonzor tumani_ chuchvara wine dough various, all kinds customer (at the restaurant) to want just, only nicely recently opened Itis not cooked well. to solve help ‘flat (Uzbek) bread cumin party name of the traditional summer salad juice oriental studies sweet sweets, dessert king soup beyond doubt, no doubt to play (musical instrument) to ski Chilonzor district of Tashkent boiled dumplingsO’'N IKKINCHI DARS _ KUSH KELIBSIZ, AZIZ -MEHMON! BEING A GUEST AND HOSTING A GUEST ry CHAPTER TWELVE IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Uzbek table etiquette, expressing opinion and giving advice * Diqqat, qoida! Adverbs, verbal nouns, expressing necessity, obligation and possibility * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Sizga xat keldi &mail Exchange Letters about Uzbek culture and people * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech ¢ Yangi so’zlar Vocabulary used in this chapterI-mashq Goa va tinglan; yw with the words and listen jing, ig! Follow along r to how they are pronounced on the audio. Dasturxon, bir lagan meva - a fruit platter ikki piyola choy - two cups of tea bir choynak choy ~ a kettle of tea ch kosa sho'rva - three bowls of soup bir burda non ~ a piece of bread pichag bilan kesmoq - to cut with a knife Tuzni uzatib yuboring, - Would you please pass the salt? Choy quyib bering. - Would you please pour me some tea? hoy juda achchig ekan. - The tea is very stonB: ling, yeb o'tiring. - Please, help yourself, Rahnat, juda mazali bolibdi.- Thank you: itis very delicious. Tolydim, rahmat. - Tam full, thanks:Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest 259 Karima opa: Keling, mehmon. Karima opa: Anna, yeb o'tiring. Xush kelibsiz! ‘Mana bu ko'k somsadan oling. Laylo: Rahmat. ‘Anna: Rahmat. Kechirasiz, qanday Karima opa: Mana bu yerga somsa dedingiz? o'tiring. Choydan iching, nondan Karima opa: Ko'k somsa. Bunday ‘ling, hozirgina tandirdan uzib oldik. somsa asosan ko'katlardan Laylo: Rahmat, juda mazali bo‘libai. tayyorlanadi. Go‘sht solinmaydi. Oting, yeb ko‘ring. | Anna: Juda mazali ekan, rahmat. Karima opa: Osh bo‘lsin. 2-mashq; “5 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Yuqorida berilgan yangi so’z va jumlalardan foydalanib sinfdoshingiz bilan suhbat tuzing. Using the above phrases, create a dialogue with your classmate. 3-mashq: / Savollarga javob bering. What kind of things are there on the table? Answer the questions using the drawing. 1, Dasturxonda qanday mevalar bor? 2. Choynak qayerda turibdi? 3. Dasturxonda non bormi? 6. Sizningcha, dasturxon atrofida necha kishi o'tiribdi? Nima uchun shunday deb o'ylaysiz?260 CHAPTER 12 4-mashg: {>> Matnni ogi i si it if ‘qing. Matnni sinfd: gi tarjima qilishga harakat qiling. pe ce ae Mehmondorchilik, ya'ni, mehmon kutish va kuzatish odati dumyodagt kop malar 20s, xusustyat. O'zbek xaqi uchun ham mehmon uteh ve-kuzatish odatlan juda muhim hisoblanadi. Mana shunday odatlarga ko’ra: 2 OTe mezbonga albatta birot sovg'a olib borishi kerak. O'zbeklar ‘odatda non olib boradilar. Undan tashqari, har xil mevalar yoki tansiq ovqat ham olib borish mumkin. Mehmonga olib boriladigan nonning son! It err aht kerk AlkogolIchimliklar yok! achchiq t2omlarolib borish mumkin ‘emas. Odatda mezbon mehmonni uyning to'riga ‘o'tkazishi kerak. 5-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlan, i i g- Quyidagi gaplar to’g'rimi : and ease eee Sere s a0 11. Mezbonga sovg'a olib borish shart emas. 2. Mehmon to’rda o’tirishi kerak. 3. Mezbon achchiq ovgat olib borish kerak. 4. Arog yoki pivo olib borish mumkin emas. 6-mashq: (3) O’qituvchingiz bilan ishl: i cae eee Discuss the following proverbs in ‘Mehmondorchilik haqida maqollar:Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest 261 7-mashq: / Quyidagi taomlami yeyish uchun sizga nima kerak? Model: Bifshteks - bifshteks yeyish uchun menga pichog va vilka kerak. 1.Chuchvara 4. Meva (olma, banan) _ 8-mashq: / Quyidagi gaplar tog'rimi yoki noto' ri? 1. Maktabda algebra va geometriyani o'rganish juda muhim. 2. Xorijiy tillarni o'rganish qiyin emas. 3. Italyancha ovgatlamni tayyorlash nihoyatda qiyin. 4, Mototsikl haydash juda xavili. 5. Shahmat qoidalarini tushunish oson emas.CHAPTER 12 2. Expressing possibility, obligation and necessity When a verbal noun is used with a word such as mumkin, kerak, or shart, it is equivalent to the modal constructions in English (/ may go; You need to learn; We must leave). In Uzbek, the possessive ending is added to the verbal noun to indicate the original subject of the verb. ‘The word kerak, mumkin, or shart does not change. kerak indicates necessity and need: ‘Somsa pishirishim kerak. | need to cook some somsas. Uyga barvaat qaytishingiz kerak. You need to return home early. shart indicates obligation: ‘Maktabga borishingiz shart. You must go to school. Nazira magolani o‘qishi shart. Nazira must read the article. mumkin indicates possibility. Ketishingiz mumkin. You may leave. U sizga sirini aytishi mumkin. He may reveal his secret to you. Notice that when no possessive ending is added to the end of the verbal noun, the sentence is translated as one needs to, one should, or ‘one may. ‘Mezbonga sovg'a olib borish kerak. One needs to bring a gift for the host. O*zbek tilini yaxshiroq o‘rganish uchun ko‘prog mashq qilish kerak. In order to learn Uzbek better, one needs to/should practice more. The negative of these constructions is formed by placing the negative word emas after the word mumkin, shart or kerak. Shanba kuni kelishingiz shart emas. You do not need to come on Saturday. Achchiq mahsulotlar olib borish mumkin emas. One should not (not allowed to) bring spicy products. Note that the negative of shart has the meaning not necessary, so it is less obligatory than English mustn’t. Whereas the Uzbek mumkin- possible, in the negative form is more obligatory than English may and translated as should not or not allowed. eeeBeing a Guest and Hosting a Guest 263 9-mashq: A. /, Mustaqil ishlang. Quyidagi gaplar to’g’rimi yoki noto’g’ri? 1. O'zbek tilini mukammal o'rganish uchun shu tilda ko' prog o'gish kerak. 2. Sho’rvani vilka bilan yeyish kerak. 3. Mazali taom tayyorlash uchun oshpaz bo'lish kerak. 4, Olimpiada o'yinlarida qatnashish uchun sportchi bo'lish shart. 5. Sog’lom bo'lish uchun sport bilan shug(ullanish kerak. 6, Tarjimon bo'lib ishlash uchun ikkita tilni mukammal bilish kerak. B. Now write at least two sentences of your own and discuss them with a classmate. 10-mashq: ~_/ Mustaqil ishlang. Read the situations and based on the text given in 5-mashq, respond using kerak, shart, or mumkin. 1. O’zbekistonlik do’stlaringizdan biri sizni mehmonga | taklif qildi. Mezbonga nima olib borasiz? Nima uchun? 2. Amerikalik do'stingiz o’zbek oilasining uyiga mehmonga ketyapti. U bozordan mezbon uchun vino sotib old. Siz nima deysiz? 3, Amerikalik do'stingiz mezbon uchun uchta non sotib oldi. Bu o’zbek udumlariga to’g‘ri keladimi? Nima uchun? U nechta non sotib olishi kerak?264 CHAPTER12 T-mash Mustaqil ishlang. Compare Uzbek traditions of hosting a guest and being a guest with those of your own customs Savollar O'zbek Sizning madaniyati __madaniyatingiz 1. Nima olib borish mumkin emas? 2. Nima olib borish kerak? 3. Mehmon qayerda o‘tirishi kerak? / O’qituvchingiz bilan ishlang. Below are some Uzbek superstitions, Work with your instructor and try to match each superstition which appears in the left column to its explanation in the right. 12-mashq: CChorshanba Kuni chuchvara pishirish kerak. 2. Kechqurun qo'shniga tuz berish mumkin emas. 3. Uy ichida hushtak chalish mumkin emas. Uydan baraka ketadi Uydan omad va pul ketadi. ‘Muammotaringiz bo‘Imaydi. 13-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Write about at least two superstitions in your culture and discuss them in class.Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest 265 3. Adverbs at In Uzbek, an adverb of manner is placed just before the verb it modifies. Some examples of adverbs of manner are: jtez - quickly, fast —_sekin - slowly kam - few, little ko‘p- much Ali juda tez gapiradi. Ali speaks very fast. Similar to adjectives, adverbs can be used in comparative and superlative degrees. simple comparative superlative tez tezroq eng tez (juda tez) fast faster the fastest Kamroq gapirib, ko‘proq ishlang. ‘Speak less, work more. Tezrog yuring, kechikyapmiz. Please walk faster, we are (ate! In Uzbek, there are many suffixes that when added to a noun create an adverb. For example, suffixes -dek and -day can be attached to nouns to indicate the similarity or likeness. gul - flower guldek - like a flower dehgon - farmer dehqondek - like a farmer Turmush o‘rtog‘ining vafotidan so‘ng, guldek solidi. After the death of her husband, she faded like a flower. Shaharlik odamsiz, dehgonlardek ishlay olmaysiz. You are a city person; you cannot work like farmers. Note that -ay and -dek have the same meaning, they can be used eee Mis) ~~ NA ——s266 CHAPTER 12 14-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Read the following sentences and give an explanation for the underlined words. What do they mean? How would you paraphrase them? 1, Bu talaba o‘zbek tilida o'zbeklardek gapiradi. 2. Onam xitoy ovgatlarini xitoylardek pishiradi. 3. Men baliadek suzaman. Review the Uzbek names given in Chapter 3's Asl o'zbekcha. With your instructor work on the phrases where -dek and -day are used. 4. Constructions with deb In Uzbek, the particle deb (the past gerund form of demog-to say) is used for constructions such as / said that, I heard that, | thought that, | know that, etc., The word deb is translated into English as that, because, as. It is used with verbs such as aytmoq-to tell, eshitmoq-to hear, bilmoq-to know, so‘ramoq- to ask, etc. Hali ham Amerikada yashayapti deb eshitdim. I heard that he still lives in America. Ertaga havo fssiq bo'ladi deb eshitdik. We heard that it will be hot tomorrow. Bu ish oson bo'ladi deb aytmadim. I didn’t say that this work will be easy. Uni saxiy kishi deb bilaman. I know him as a generous person. Salimaga ko‘prog dam olishingiz kerak deb aytdim. 1 told Salima that she needs to rest more. (lit:) | told Satima, “You need to rest more.” ee Sy Ee UES aeBeing a Guest and Hosting a Guest 267 15-mashq: /’ Mustagil ishlang. Review the 12-mashq in Chapter 11. Find and write down at least five sentences using deb. Namuna: Folbin Furgatga uylanasiz deb aytdi. The fortune teller told Furqat that he will get married. (lit: Fortune teller told Furgat: “You will get married.” 16-mashq; (y Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Get together with a classmate and discuss the following questions. Bolalar maktabda xorijiy tillarni o‘rganishlari kerakmi? Nima uchun? Ular qaysi tillarni o‘rganishlari kerak? Nima uchun shunday deb o‘ylaysiz? 17-mashg:" Mustagil ishlang. What are some things that people say about celebrities? Make at least three sentences about famous people you know of using the deb structure. Madonna mart oyida yangi konsert bo lmayda deb aytal,268 «© CHAPTER 12 [ee ts Say yr Wenn lw ei = | “ae 18-mashq: >» M Read the following two letters about youth , latnni o’ging. Read 7 the 1g two that readers wrote to a newspaper in Uzbekistan, then do the activities , then ivities that follow. fe | | Noila buvi: ismii i: Ismim Testes haya boc esa ales o'g'tim Oizlaring ndlarim ham oitat o'gtti turmushga chiqgan,_ | O's" uylangan kita gan, vam ber. Ular hali juda = Hozirgi zamon Noila buvi: Salbiy fikrdaman, Albatta! Yoshlarning tarbiyast jaxshi emas. Ko'pchiligi o'zbek Yirt-odatlariga rioya qilmayai. Ba’zilari kata kishilarga ham catom bermaydi. Yoshlarga o"2bek tirf-odatlarini o'rgatish kerak- Kactalarni hurmat qilishni o‘rgatish Kerak, Afsuski, ota-onatar bunday terealarga ahamiyat berishmayd. Farzandlarining tarbiyasi bilan fiddly shug'ullantshmaydt. Farzand Jaxshi inson bo'\ib yetishishi uchun | Thaktab yetarti deb o'ylashadi. ae al | yoshlari hagida aanday fikrd Ismi i ingiz nima? Oilangiz bormi? Farida: Ismii : Ismim Farid. | Xivadanman. ikkita ovg't | Bor. Mans on ee 10 yoshda va | rota 3 yoshda. Ikkalasi | maktabga boradi. jasiz? Farida: Hozirgi zamon yoshlarint juda talabchan, tirishaoa va faol deb hisoblayman. Masalan, (ening ikkita ofg'lim bor, ikkalast ham juda faol. Maktabdan tashqari vaatlarida ingliz titint va kompyuterda ishlashnt Orrganishadi. Undan tashaari, har Suma karate bilan shug‘ullanishach- Parzandlarimdan faxrlanaman. Ft ast yoshlari shunday, ya’ni ham Zalan, ham jismonan mukammal o'lishi kerak deb o'ylayman.Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest 269 19-mashq: A. Mustaqil ishlang: Quyidagi gaplar to'g'rimi yoki noto’g’ri? Matn asosida javob bering. 1. Noila buvining farzandlari hali juda yosh. 2. Noila buvining nabiralari o’zbek urf-odatlarini bilishmaydi. 3. Farida hozirgi zamon yoshlari haqida juda ijobiy fikrda. 4, Farida 21-asr yoshlari faol bo'lishlari kerak deb o'ylaydi. B. Savollarga javob bering. 1, Noila buvining fikrlariga qo'shi see ae ae 3. Siz hozirgi zamon yoshlari haqida nima deb o'ylaysiz? Ular hagida salbiy fikrdamisiz. yoki ijobiy? 20-mashq. / Shikoyat qiling! Read the following scenario and provide a short complaint letter. Tell what these people should and should not do. Faraz qiling, Toshkentdasi. Shahar markazida joylashgan yan! hevartirada ‘yashaysiz. Keartiungizdan juda mamnunsiz, Ammo qo‘shnilaringizn! i irish gilib, baland ovozda rirmaysiz. Ular har kuni o'trish gil i ead ‘Kec sot bir yoki bir yarimgacha musigatngla rage ae padi. Buning natijasda siz uxlay olmaysiz. Qo'shnilaringlzdan shikoy qiling.27) CHAPTER 12 21-mashq. >> Mustagil ishlang. Matnlarni o'qib, javob bering u Tom Toshkentda yashaydi. ‘Miliy Universitet talabasi. U kecha do'stlari bilan Farg’ ‘onage be o'sha yerda passportini yo'qot go'ydi. Tom nima qilishi ‘kerak? nema Bu ayolning ismi Karima. U maktabda geografiya o'gituvchisi = bo lib ishlaydi. Ertaga bolalar bilan AQSh hagida suhbat o'tkazadi. U sinfga nima olib borishi kerak? ment Kelli amerikalit talaba. U hozirgi vagtda Namangandagi til markazida o'zbek tilini o'rganadi. Shu yerda bir o‘zbek oilasining xonadonida yashaydi. Kelli go'shtli taomlar Jemaydi, tuxum va sutga allergiyasi bor. U nima qilishi kerak? einen Farida asli Buxorolik, hozirgi vagtda turmush o'rtog't va ikki farzandi bilan Toshkentda yashaydi. O'rta maktabda botanika o'gituvchisi bo lib ishlaydi. Bo'sh vagtlarida turli xil taomlar pishiradi. Kecha televizorda ‘pitstsa’ hagida bir ko rsatuvni ko rib goldi. Afuuski, retseptni yozib olishga vagti bo'tmadi. Bu taomni tayyorlash uchun unga qanday maksulottar kerak bo ladi? Faridaga maslahat bering. a a a gy, omAslo‘zbekcha What are some traditions of hosting a guest in Uzbekistan? What this video and find out. 22-mashq: gf GH, After watching the video, put the following actions in order. 1. Uchinchi kelin choy quydi. 2. Birinchi kelin dasturxon yozdi. 3. Ikkinchi kelin shirinliklar va non olib keldi. 4. Birinchi kelin choy olib keldi. 23-mashq: Waich the video again and see if you can answer the following questions, 1. What are some non-verbal actions you noticed in this video? 2. Who do you think is the youngest daughter-in-law in this family. Why? 3. Who do you think is the most respected guest of the two women? 4. Why do you think so?272 CHAPTER 12 24-mashq: (Watch again and find out who says the following sentences. Xush kelibsizlar! Yangi yilni yaxshi o‘tkazib oldingizmi? Mevalardan ham olib kelinglar. prmade % Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang, Using the information you jound out from the video, make a dialogue with a classmate where on of you is the host and the other a guest. Use some of the non-verbal \ actions you learned. Present your dialogue to the class. Typically the Most respect Pero” entitled Below are some Uzbek superstitions mentioned in this chapter: Uzbeks do not throw bread away, as it is considered sacred in Uzbek culture. According to another superstition, one hould not whistle indoors, as this [might bring bad luck, -On Wednesdays, some people cook chuchvara” (dumplings) as itis believed that it might help to solve their problems. -A\so, you should never lend saltto anyone in the evening, a you might lose all the *baraka’ (blessings and luck).Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest 273 Sizga xat keld > Salom Tom, yaxshimisiz? Ishlar bilan bo'lib, sizga anchadan beri xat yoza olmadim. Yaxshi yuribsizmi? Ishlaringiz, o'gishlaringiz yaxshimi? O'zimdan So'rasangiz, men yaxshi yuribman. 29-aprelda singlimning to'yi bo'ldi. O'sha kuni o'zbek udumiariga ko'ra, ertalab soat yettida mahallaga osh berdik. Kech soat oltida esa nikoh to'yi boshlandi. To'y kichik, lekin juda shinam bir restoranda o'tdi. (Ozbek udumlariga ko'ra, kelin oilasidagi erkaklar bazmga borishmaydi. Shuning uchun, otam, ukalarim, tog’a va amakilarim bilan uyda qoldik. Onam to'y juda yaxshi o'tdi deb aytdilar. Singlim endi turmush o'rtog'i, qaynona va qaynotasi bilan Ko'kcha mahallasida yashaydi. Uning uyiga shu haftada mehmonga boramiz. Bu ham o'zbek udumilaridan bir. ‘Tom, Amerikada nikoh to'yi bilan bog'liq udumlar bormi? Vaatingiz bo'lsa, ‘menga ular hagida yozib yuboring. Hurmat ila, Sherzod 26-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Savollarga javob bering. 1. Sherzod singlisining nikoh to’yiga bordimi? Nima uchun? 2. Sherzodning onasi to'y hagida nima dedi? 3. Sherzodning singlisi hozir qayerda yashaydi? U kim bilan yashaydi? 4, Sizning madaniyatingizda nikoh to’yi bilan bog'liq qanday udumlar bor? 5, Bu udumlar hagida gapirib bering.274 CHAPTER 12 ‘Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va grammatik qoidalarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering. Uerbal wouns with herak, shart and mumbia 27-mashq: Match the phrases in Column A to the ones in Column B. A B 1. Chet tilida bemalol gapirish uchun a. sog'liq uchun zarar. 2. Mazali taom pishirish uchun b, salomatlik garovidir. 3. Chekish. ¢. shu tilda ko‘ prog o’qish kerak. 4. Universitetga oqishga kirish uchun | d. oshpaz bo'lish shart emas 5. port bilan shug’ullanish e, uchta fandan imtihon topshirish kerak 28-mashq: “Compose sentences as in the model. Choose either kerak, shart or mumkin. Follow your sentence with an explanation. Namuna: Men, begun, ovqat pishirmog Bugun ovgat pishirishim kerak, chunki kechqurun uyimizga mehmon keladi. Laylo, ertaga, imtihonga tayyorlanmog (to prepare for) biz, doko, bormog va mahsulotlar sotib olmoq siz, kasalxona, bormoq do’stim Kamol, Xitoy, bormoq ular, sport bilan, shug’ullanmoq *salomatlik garovidir - is a guarantee of good healthBeing a Guest and Hosting a Guest 275 29-mashq: _/ Rewrite the sentences. Follow the model given below: Men buvimning uyiga kam boraman. ~ Buvining uyiga ko'prog borishim kerak. 1. Karim yaxshi o'qimaydi. 2. O'tirishga vino olib bormaymiz. 3. Karim xonasini tozalamaydi. 4, Salim ovgat pishirishni bilmaydi 5. Laylo ertalablari nonushta gilmayei. 6. Farhod mashinasini nihoyatda tez haydaydi 7. Zamira har kuni darsga kechikadi. 8, Barno mashina haydashni bilmaydi. 30-mashq: _’_ Using the structures with kerak, shart, mumkin (and their negative forms) give advice or suggest a solution. Model: Televizorimiz juda eski. Yangi televizor sotib olishingiz kerak, Kelasi yil Lola malaka oshirish uchun Yaponiyaga ketadi. 2. Indinga matematikadan imtihon topshiramiz. 3. Malika ispan tilini o’rganyapti.. 4. Qahramon imtihondan yomon baho oldi, 5. Zilola har kuni darsga kechikadi.27 CHAPTER 12 31-mashq: on Dane ishlang, Matnni o'qib, savollarga javob bering Laylo a eT may Ee fabtabn! Mera o'eahin davom ettirishni xohlaydi. Uning orzusi - Toshkent Davlat Milliy universitetining filologiya fakultetiga oqishga kirishdir. Bu universitetga kirish oson bir ish emas. U avval barcha - hujjatlarini tayyorlashi va tibbiy ko'rikdan o'tishi kerak. So'ng universitetga borishi va murojaat blankasini to'Idirishi kerak. Kerakli ma‘lumotlarni aniq va xatolarsiz yozishi shart. Blankaga to’rtta rangli surat yopishtirishi kerak. Blankani faqat gora siyohli ruchka bilan " to’ldirishi kerak. Qalam yoki boshqa rangli ruchka bilan yozish mumkin, ‘mas. Shundan keyin blankani topshirishi mumkin. Bu ishlardan keyin, 1-avgustda, uchta fandan imtihon topshirishi kerak. Imtihonlar oson emas, shuning uchun ularga cane bilan 1. Laylo qaysi universitetda o’qishni xohlaydi? 2. Murojaat blankasini qanday to'ldirish kerak? 3. Blankani qanday ruchka bilan to'ldirishi kerak? 4, Layloga nechta surat kerak? 5, Suratlar qanday bo'lishi kerak? 6. Laylo imtihonlami gachon topshiradi? murojaat blankasi application form siyoh ink hujjat documents qunt bilan diligently tibbiy ko'rik medical check-up tayyorlanmog ——_to prepare for o'tmoq. topass shaxsan_ in person to'ldirmoq, fo fill out (application) | qatnamoq to commute ma‘lumot, information jahon world aniq clear, exact topshirmoq to submit yopishtirmog fo altach, to glue gabul admissionBeing @ Guest and Hosting a Guest 277 32mashq: A.” _/ Match the speakers’ questions and responses to make meaningful dialogue. Qabul bo‘limi Admissions office /aalaykum assalom. Ha, ha, eshitaman, Yigit: Ayol: Qabul 1-iyunda boshlangan. 20-iyulgacha hujjat qabul qilamiz. Yigit: Ayol: Olti dona fotosurat, tibbiy ‘ma'lumotnoma va pasportingizni olib kelishingiz. kerak. Ayol: Pasportni shaxsan ko'rsatasiz, Iekin topshirmaysiz. Yigit: Ayol: Akmal Ikromov tumanidagi Reshetov ko'chasini bilasizmi? Yigit: Ayol: Paxtakor metro stantsiyasidan 35-avtobus qatnaydi. Yigit: Ayol: Ha, shanba va yakshanbadan tashqari har kuni shu yerdamiz. Yigit: Ayol: Salomat bo'ling. Yigit: Abituriyent Applicant a. Hujjatlarni qayerga olib borish kerak? b. Xo’p, rahmat. ¢. Kechirasiz, universitetga qabul gachon boshlanadi? d. Alo, assalomu alaykum, bu Jahon Tillari Universitetimi? e. Katta rahmat. £. Pasportni ham topshirish kerakmi? g. Yo‘g, u taraflarni, umuman, shaharni yaxshi bilmayman. h, Qanday hujatlar topshirish kerak? i, Ertaga ishlaysiziarmi? B. 6 Now listen and check if you completed the activity correctly. 33-mashq: Using the vocabulary from the text above, write a short passage about applying for university (driving license, visa, etc.) in your country. Haydovehilik guvohnomasini olish uchun nima gilish kerak? Viza olish uchun-chi? Fotosurat topshirish kerakmi? Tibbiy ko’rikdan o'tish shartmi?278 CHAPTER 12 deb - obractane 34mashq:~_/ Answer the questions using deb constructions. Follow the model. Dilshodga nima bo‘ldi? U kasal bo‘lib qoldi deb eshitdim, 1. Nosir ingliz tilini biladimi? 2. Karim uylandimi? 3, Feruza yangi uy sotib oldimi? | 4. Laylo Angliyada o'qiydimi? 5. Salimning o’g'li armiyadan qaytdimi? 6. Farida yaxshi talabami? 7. Ertaga dars bo'ladimi? mito 35-mashq: / Compose sentences about Zamira using deb constructions. Follow the model. Based on the given words use either bilmog, eshitmog, or o’ylamog. o’qishga kirmog ~- Zamira o'qishga kirdi deb eshitdim. ispan tilini, o'rganmoq Ispaniyaga, ketmog ~ mumkin maktabda, ishlamoq Alisherni, yomon ko‘rmoq aqlli va mehribon29 Being a Guest and Hosting a Guest bq ith your instructor in class. 6@ Lister hhrases. First, discuss them wi in class © Fon using thelphrases, work with your classmate to create a dialog Ruxsat so'rash - Asking permission | Javob - Response Mumkinmi? | Mayli, xo'p. May I? Yes, please, Kirish mumkinmi? Bemalol. May | come in? Sure (come in; leave) ++ Ba ruxsat bersangiz. Kiring, marhamat. Allow me..... Please, come in. --- ga ijozat bersangiz, Ixtiyor o'zingizda. Allow me... . Do as you wish, Kirsam maylimi? Ixtiyoringiz, Do as you please. Xo‘p, bemalol. Sure. May | come in?280 CHAPTER 12 CE tnyet nti ahamiyat bermoq alkogol allergiya anchadan beri aniq aglan arog (araq) baho baho olmoq baraka bazm biror bog'liq (-ga ~); (bilan ~) burda bir burda non dunyo ekan faol faraz qilmoq faxrlanmoq, -gako'ra garov hisoblanmoq to pay attention alcohol allergies {for along time clear, exact intellectually vodka, hard liquor grade to receive a grade blessing banquet some connected with, related to, dependent on piece slice of bread kettle like, similar (an adverbial suffix) to set a table the past gerund form of demoq like similar (an adverbial suffix) world tobe seemingly, apparently active to imagine to be proud of someone according to ‘guarantee to be considered hujjat hushtak chalmoq ijaraga olmoq ijobiy ikkalasi irim jiddiy jismonan juft kechikmoq kesmoq ko‘pchilik ko’rsatuv kosa kumush kuzatmoq Jagan likopcha ma‘lumot madaniyat malaka oshirish mamnun mehmon mehmondor- chilik mezbon mis mototsikl ‘muammo mukammal murojaat blankasi documents to whistle to rent positive both of them superstition seriously physically even number to be late tocut majority, most TV program bowl silver to see off platter plate information culture practicum pleased, grateful guest hospitality host copper motorbike problem perfect, complete ‘application formBeing a Guest and Hosting a Guest 281 natija sikoh nikoh to’yi odat alib boriladigan oltin omad ovoz passiv pes pichog pitstsa piyola gatnamoq, gatnashmoq aiyin qoida golmoq qoshiq qunt (bilan) ragsga fushmoq retsept sbiy salom bermoq saxiy siyoh sochiq sovg'a stakan falabchan fandirdan wib olmoq fansiq ovqat tarbiya result, consequences marriage wedding party habit, custom which is taken to sold, golden luck voice, sound passive wretch, worm knife pizza cup to commute to participate difficult, hard rules to stay spoon diligently to dance recipe negative to greet generous ink towel, napkin sift, present glass demanding to take it out of the tandoor oven delicacy raising, upbringing tayyorlamoq tayyorlanmog tibbiy ko‘rik tirishqoq to'ldirmog to’r to’y to‘ymoq to’g’ri kelmoq topshirmoq tor udum ulug’ urf-odat vaqtingiz bo'lsa vilka xalq xos xususiyat Xush kelibsiz! ya'ni yetarli yo‘qotib go‘ymog yopishtirmoq yozib olmog zarar o’rgatmoq o'tirish o‘tmoq. o’zim shaxsan shikoyat shug/ullanmoq to prepare to prepare oneself for medical check-up hardworking to fill out a place of honor wedding party to be full, to have enough to fit, to be appropriate to submit narrow, tight custom great customs, traditions if you have time fork nation specific peculiarity Welcome! in other words, that is to say enough, sufficient to lose to glue to write down, to jot down harm, harmful to teach party to pass myself in person complaint to be engaged in; to work onO’N UCHINCHI DARS CHAPTER THIRTEEN IQLIM VA FASL TALKING ABOUT THE WEATHER AND CLIMATE IN THIS CHAPTER *Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Weather and the seasons *Diqqat, qoida! Conditional mood, telling time, compound verbs * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing + Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so’zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter284 CHAPTER 13 ‘-mashq: & So’zlarni o’ging, tinglang va eslab qoling. qish bahor yoz kuz zilzila gor ko'chishi ilig - mild salgin - cool ram - humid, dom alt yamair/shamal ~ ‘trong rain/wind suy toshginiTalking about the Weather and Climate 285 2-mashq: "Bu qaysi fas!? 1, Bu fasida tabiat uyg‘onadi. Daraxtlar gullaydi. Havo iliq bo'ladi, ko‘p yomg*ir yog'ib, chaqmoq chaqadi. 2. Bu nihoyatda sovug fasl. Qor va yomg‘ir yog‘adi. Havo sovuq bo'ladi. Kuchli shamol esadi. 3. Mevalar va sabzavotlar ko‘p bo‘ladi va odatda, havo juda issiq bo‘ladi. Talabalar va o‘quvchilar ta’tilga chigadilar. 4. Bu fasida yomg‘ir ko‘p yog‘adi, kuchli shamol esadi. barglari to‘kiladi. 3-mashq: “What verbs are used with the following words? Use the text above as a reference. yomg‘ir chaqmoq issiq. shamol 4-mashq: / Quyidagi gaplar to'g’ri deb o'ylaysizmi? 1. Afrikada gor kam yog’adi. 2. Hindistonda yomg’ir yog’maydi. 3. Qishda Rossiyada havo sovuq bo'ladi. 4. Yozda O'zbekistonda havo issiq bo'ladi. 5. Afrika Osiyodan sovugrog. 6. Antarktikada yozda ham qishda ham havo issiq bo'ladi.280 CHAPTERS 5-mashq: “Which natural disaster (tabiiy ofat) is described below? 1. Shahar va qishloglar suv tagida qoladi. 2. Yer qimirlaydi, uylar buzila 3. Qor yog’adi, tog’larda gor ko’chadi. 4, Suv bo'Imaydi, odamlar va hayvonlar suvsiz qoladi. 5. Kuchli shamol esadi, daraxtlar si ib, uylar buziladi. 6-mashq: / Quyidagi savollarga javob bering, so'ng fasllar hagida suhbat o'tkazing, 1. Qaysi fasini yaxshi ko’rasiz? Nima uchun? 2. Qaysi fasini yomon ko’ rasiz? Nima uchun?Talking about the Weather and Climate 287 Clegnt. guidat new gra grarninar pons ad complete the grammar acts. 1. Conditional mood You can easily spot the use of the conditional in Uzbek from the suffix -sa added to the verb stem. To form sentences in the conditional mood, add -sa to the stem of the verb and then the personal predicate ending, The word agar-if may or may not be used since the suffix -sa already has the meaning of if. uu yerga borsam - if | go there uyda golsa - If he stays xonaga kirsang - If you enter the room _uyga ketsak - If we leave Uni ko'rsangtz - If you see him ‘ovgat yesangizlar - If you eat uni ko‘rsalar (ko‘rishsa) - If they see it A conditional phrase is a dependent clause, therefore, an independent clause is required to form a complete sentence. In Uzbek, with this form of the conditional, for the second part of the sentence you can use the present-future tense or the imperative. Examples: Qor yog'sa, parkka bormaymiz. If it snows, we won't go to the park. Yer qimirlasa, tashqariga chiqing! If an earthquake happens, get out of your house. To form the negative, add the suffix -ma before -sa and the personal predicate endings. u yerga bormasam - If | don’t go uyda qolmasa - If he doesn’t stay there xonaga kirmasang - If you don’t enter _uyga ketmasak - If we don't leave the room uni ko‘rmasangiz - /f you don’t see him ovqat yemasangizlar - If you don’t eat uni ko‘rmasalar (ko‘rishmasa)- If they don’t see it288 CHAPTER 13, 7-mashq: /. Mustaqil ishlang. Gaplami tugallang, 1. Agar gor yog‘sa, (SS 2. Ishga kechiksam, 3. O'zbekistonga borsam, /4. Agar bo'ron bo'lsa, 5. Mashinam buzilsa, 6. Darsni tushunmasam, 8-mashq: /. Mustaqil ishlang. Read the conversation and summarize the advice with conditional sentences using kerak, shart or mumkin. Namuna: A: Yo faslini uncha yogtirmayman. Havo nihoyatda issiq bo'lsa, kasal bob qotishim mumkin. B: O'zbekistonda bahor va kuz oylarida havo issiq bo'lmaydi. Javobingiz: Agar issiq havoni uncha yoqtirmasangiz, O'zbekistonga bahorda yoki kuzda borishingiz kerak, chunki bu fasllarda iurvo uncha issig bo'lmaydi. 1. A: Qish faslini yaxshi ko‘raman. Ee B: Alyaskada shtatida havo sovug bo‘ladi, qish fasli uzoq davom etadi.. 2. A: Tarixga giziqaman, qadimiy binolarni, muzeylarni ko‘rishni xohlayman. B: Buxoro, Samarqand va Xiva shaharlarida qadimiy binolar ko'p. 3. A: O'zbek milliy taomlarini yaxshi ko‘raman. B: Shahrimizda o‘zbekcha restoran bor. 4. A: Tom o'zbek mumtoz musigasini yaxshi ko’ B: Mart oyida Toshkentda Munojat Yo'lchiyevaning konserti bo‘ladi. 5. A: Anna avtobus va taksida yurishni yomon ko‘radi. B: Toshkentda metro bor.‘Talking about the Weather and Climate 289 kasalman-! am sick kasalsan-you are sick talabastz-you are a student _talaba bo'lsangiz - if you are a student utalaba-he/she is astudent _u talaba bo'lsa-if he/she is a student xursandmiz-we are glad ‘xursand bo'lsak-if we are glad ular boy-they are rich boy bo'lishsa-if they are rich . (TRS Uyida iti bo'tsa, nima qilasan? If she has a dog in her house, what are you going to do? Puling bo‘Imasa, bu yerga nega kelding? if you do not have money, why did you come here? 9-mashq: _/ Maslahat bering! Imagine your Uzbek friend is visiting your home town. Based on how your friend feels, give her some advice. What places should she visit? What places she should not visit?290 CHAPTER 13, 10-mashq: |. Ko'chaga chiqmang! Give some advice to a person who is planning to visit your country. What does she/he need to do if the specified natural disaster occurs? bo'ron __| Agar bo‘ron bo‘lsa, ko‘chaga chiqmang! suy toshqini zilzila bo‘ron qurg‘ogchilik ‘11-mashq: (Sj Nima qilasiz? Work with a partner. One of you is going ‘to organize an outdoor activity. The other sees all the problems that might arise. Give your solutions. Yomg'‘ir yog‘sa nima qilamiz? Note: In Uzbek, a verb in conditional mood can be used in combination with words such as bo‘ladi, ham and kerak. a. It is used with the word kerak - needed, necessary to denote probability, doubt, and indefiniteness. Yomg’ir yog’sa kerak. If might rain. Dilshod ertaga kelmasa kerak. Dilshod will probably not show tomorrow. b. Itis used with bo’Imog to indicate permission. Endi lug/atingizni ishlatsangiz bo‘ladi. And now you can use your dictionary. Note the difference of this structure and the one that is used to express ability. Siz gapira olasiz. You can speak (You are physically able to speak). Gapirsangiz bo'ladi. You can speak (You have permission to speak).Talking about the Weather and Climate 291 ¢. Its used with the conjunction ham to signify an action that happened in spite of the fact, and translated into English as the conjunction alihough or even though. Faridani tanisa ham, u bilan salomlashmadi. Even though he knew Farida, he did not greet her. Tilni yaxshi bilsa ham, kinoni uncha yaxshi tushunmadi. Although she knew the language well, she did not understand the movie. ‘12-mashq: Match the phrase or clause in column A to the one in column B. A B I. Nozim yosh bo‘lsa ham, a. deb o'yladi. 2. Zamirani sevmasa ham, b. hali baquvvat. 3. Yomg‘ir yog‘sa kerak c. ko‘p narsani biladi. 4. Buvisi keksa bo'lsa ham, . unga uylandi. 3. Compound Verbs II In Chapter 10, you were introduced to two auxiliary verbs that are used in forming compound verbs, such as kelib turmog, ta’tib ko‘rmog and others. Here are two auxiliary verbs that are also used in forming compound verbs. The structure formed with the auxiliary verb yubormog indicates that the action (expressed in the main verb) occurs rapidly and unexpectedly. Nazira yig'ladi. Nazira cried. Nazira yig‘lab yubordi. Nazira burst into tears (She unexpectedly started crying). U gichgirdi. He screamed. U gichqirib yubordi. She suddenly screamed. Yomg‘ir yog'di. /t rained. Yomg‘ir yog‘ib yubordi. Suddenly, it started raining. ‘The structure formed with the verb golmoq also indicates that the action takes place unexpectedly. Kecha Jamilani ko‘rdim. | saw Jamila yesterday. Kecha Jamilani ko‘rib qoldim. ! ran into Jamila yesterday. Kecha shu magolani o‘qidim. / read this article yesterday. Kecha shu magolani o‘qib qoldim. Iran across this article yesterday and read it. Although both constructions are used to convey a similar meaning, they cannot be used interchangeably with just any verb. The combination of golmoq or yubormog with certain verbs might not be possible, or might Indicate a different meaning te ey ~— eet ee2m CHAPTER 13 4. Telling time in Uzbek To tell the time, place the word soat before the numeral. Soat o‘n ikki, Soat 12. It is twelve o’clock. Soat besh. Soat 5. It is five o'clock. To tell the minutes past the hour, use the word o‘tmog-to pass in the definite past tense. Also, add -dan to the end of the numeral indicating the hour. Soat oltidan 25 minut o‘tdi. /t is 20 minutes past six. Soat sakkizdan 10 minut o‘tdi. It is 10 minutes past eight. Use the word kam to express the number of minutes before the hour. Soat 20 minuti kam besh. It is 20 minutes to five. (4:40) Soat 5 minuti kam olti. /t is 5 minutes to six. (5:55) In colloquial speech, people use a shorter version. In this case, the word minuti is dropped, and instead, the suffix -ta is added to the number of the hour. Soat o‘nta kam besh. It is five to five. (4:55) Also, the word yarim is used to indicate half past or 30 minutes past. Soat yetti yarim. It is half past seven. Note telling time in Uzbek from the examples given below. Soat necha (bo'tdi)? Soat nechada? (Qachon) What time is it? At what time? When? Soat olti (6:00) Soat oltida Ikkidan o'n minut o'tdi. (2:10) ikkidan o'n minut o'tganda ‘O'n bir yarim (11:30) o'n bir yarimda Jachon qaytasiz? Soat o‘ndan yigirma minut o‘tganda. When will you be back? At twenty after ten. Kino qachon boshlanadi? Beshta kam uchda. What time\does the movie start? At five minutes to three. Soat necha bo‘ldi? Ikki yarim. What time is it? It is half past two. J! SS ee eS 13-mashq;: | //. Savollarga javob bering 1. O'zbek tili darsingiz soat nechada boshlanadi? 2, O'zbek titi darsingiz soat nechada tugaydi? _ 3. Soat nechada tushlik qilasiz? 4, Uy vazifangizni soat nechada qilasiz?Talking about the Weather and Climate 298 14-mashq: A. Mustagil ishlang. If the hands of the clock are given, write time in words. If the time is given in words, draw the hands on the clock. Soat yigirma minuti kam to‘qqiz. Soat yigirma minuti Soat on ikkidan uch | kam yetti. minut o'tdi.294 CHAPTER 13, B. 2) Mustaqil ishlang. Listen to the audio. Try to jot down as many of the times told as you can. 15-mashq: risen to Karima answering questions about her daily schedule to complete the activity below: 1. Karima soat nechada uyg’onadi? 2. Universitetga nechanchi avtobusda boradi? Roy 3. Darslar soat nechada boshlanadi? 4, Soat nechada tushlik giladi? 5. Uyga soat nechada qaytadi? 3 , 16-mashq: / Soat necha bo‘ldi? What time is it? Take turns with another student reading and writing the following in Uzbek. As one reads, the other should listen carefully and write down the correct time. Then, add three of your own. - Soat necha bo‘ldi? - Ikkidan o‘n minut o‘tdi. Student A E | student B . 12:55 E : = 8:10 eh a Cis bee eee 5:50 iOS 6:40 |Talking about the Weather and Climate 295 17-mashq: A. Mustaqil ishlang. Put the following sentences in order to create a meaningful dialogue. The first line is done for you. 1, Ravshan: Karim aka, ertaga Muzaffarning to'yiga borasizmi? Dilmurod: Mayli, xayr. Karim: Ha, uyda bo'laman. Dilmurod: Yaxshi, uyingizga soat sakkizdan o'n besh ‘minut o'tganda otaman. Bo'ladimi? Dilmurod: Ha, mashinamda, nimaga edi? Dilmurod: Soat sakkiz yarimlarda, Karim: Yaxshi. Dilmurod, siz mashinangizda borasizmi? Ravshan: Xo’p, unday bo‘lsa, ertaga to’yda ko’rishamiz. Karim: Ha, alabatta boraman. Siz soat nechada borasiz? Ravshan: Men esa kechroq, soat to'qqizlarda boraman. Ertaga jiyanimning tug’ilgan kuni, u yerga ham borishim Karim: Ha veri, rahmat. Karim: Mashinam ustaxonada edi. Siz bilan borsam, nima deysiz? Karim: Xo'p, xayr. Dilmurod: Albatta. Uyingizdan olib ketish kerakmi yoki B. 6 Listen to the audio to check your answers. 18-mashq: “(york with a classmate and make a similar dialogue296 CHAPTER 13, Keling, suhbatlashaylik? 19-mashq: A. \, >» Matnni o’ging. Uni ingliz tiliga tarjima qilmasdan ig: A. ‘ging. gliz tiliga tarjima qi tushunishga harakat giling, O'gituvchingiz yordamidan foydalaning. O'zbekiston geografiyasi va iqlimi. O’zbekiston Markaziy Osiyoning o'rta va shimoliy qismida joylashgan. U Markaziy Osiyoning barcha mamlakatlari bilan chegaradosh. U shimoli- sharqda Qirg‘iziston, shimol va shimoli-g'arbda Qozog'iston, janubi-g'arbda Turkmaniston, {anubi-sharqda Tojikiston Respublikalari bilan, janubda qisman Afg/oniston bilan chegaradosh. O’zbekistonning maydoni 444700 kvadrat kilometr va u Kaliforniya shtatidan biroz kattarog. O'zbekiston maydonining ko'p qismi tekislik, oz gismi tog’ va adirlardan borat. O'zbekiston hududidan Markaziy Osiyoning eng katta daryolari — Amudaryo va Sitdatyo ogib o'tadi. Bu ikki daryo orasidagi hudud "Turon pasttekisligi” deb ataladi. Bu tekislikning ko’p qismi Qizilqumdan iborat. Respublikaning sharqi va janubi-sharqiy qismida Tyanshan, Oloy, Turkiston, Zarafshon va Hisor tog'lari bor. Bu tog'lar orasida vodiylar joylashgan. Abolining asosty qismi vodiylarda yashaydi. O’zbekistonning iqlimi kontinental. Bu yerda odatda qishda sovug va yozda issiq bo'ladi. Bahor va kuz oylarida tez-tez yomg ‘ir yog‘adi va havo iliq bo'ladi. O‘zbekistonda har xil tabily ofatlar bo'lib turadi. Masalan, 1966-yilda Toshkentda fuda kuchli zilzila bo'lib o'tdi. Zilzila natijasida Toshkentning gadimiy binolati vayron bo'ldi. Zilziladan keyin Toshkentda yangi va zamonaviy binolar qurildi. : 7 — Ovzhekistonda togilar, cholllerva vodiylar bor.Talking about the Weather and Climate 297 Zilziladan keyin Toshkentda yangiva zamonevig Biplarg arid Toshkentdag’ « Jasorat” haykali Troshkent xiztasidan keyin shaharni qayta qurgen Kishilargs bagishlangan. Haykaldagi soatga qarang Bu alala boshlangan vaqt Savol Toshkentda zkila soat nechada boshlangan? B.\, > Mustaqil ishlang. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering. 1. O’zbekiston qayerda joylashgan? 2. O'zbekistonning janubi-shargida qaysi davl 3. Afg’oniston O'zbekistonning qaysi qismida joylashgan? _ 7. Toshkentda zamonaviy binolar gachon qurilgan?298 CHAPTER 13, CC. > Mastaqil ishlang. Matn asosida O’zbekiston viloyatlari yoki shaharlari haqida gaplar tuzing. Yangi so'z va grammatik qoidalardan, shuningdek quyida berilgan xarita va namunadan foydalaning ‘Namuna: Xorazm viloyati O'zbekiston hududining shimolida joylashgan. U yerda tog'lar bo'lmasa kerak, chunki matnga ko'ra, tog'lar asosan O’zbekistonning shargida joylashgan. Viloyat Orol dengiziga yaqin. D. > Mastagil ishlang. Matndan va mashglardan foydalanib biror shtat vyoki davlat hagida gapirib bering. Quyidagi savollardan foydalaning, 1. Bu davlat yoki shtat qayerda joylashgan? 2. Qaysi daviatlar bilan chegaradosh? 3. Geografiyasi va iglimi qanday? 4, Baland tog'lar, daryolar yoki dengizlar bormi? 5, Tabiiy ofatlar bo'lib turadimi?‘Talking about the Weather and Climete 299 TIS. Temperatures in winter average 32°F. ations can take the temperature generally very dry. However, extreme fluctu: quite low. The clirmate is 20-mashq: (» “A: Matnni o’qing. You do not need to understand each word. Answer the questions that follow. ‘Hurmatli xonimlar va janoblar! Aziz qizingizni, bo'lg’usi keliningizni yoki sevgilingizni harir to'y libosida ko'rishni istasangiz, “Nozima” do'koniga marhamat qiling! Bu yerda dunyoning turli mamlakatlaridan keltirilgan to’y liboslarini arzon narxlarda sotib olishingiz. mumkin, Do‘konimizda o’zbek, tojik va qozoq milliy to'y lari ham mavjud. Bu turdagi liboslarni kelishilgan narxlarda ijaraga olishingiz mumkin. Do'konimizga marhamat! ‘Telefonimiz: 181-17-53 Manzilimiz: Chilonzor, Cho'fpon-ota ko'chasi, 22-uy 1, Matn nima hagida? narxlar uncha gimmat emas milliy to‘y liboslarini faqat ijaraga olishingiz mumkir liboslar dunyoning turli mamlakatlaridan keltirilgan va ozoq milliy to'y libostarini sotib olishingiz mumkin / Mustaqil ishlang. Write three sentences about “Nozima do'koni” using the repeated conjunctions. Follow the model. Namuna: Nozima do‘konidan ham milliy ham zamonaviy to'y liboslarini xarid gilishingiz mumkin,Talking out Clothing 317 10-mashq: _/. Mustagil ishlang. Quyidagi gaplar to’g'rimi yoki noto'’ti? 1, Ertalablari barvaqt uyg’onishni yaxshi ko'raman. 2. O'zbek tilida bemalo! gapirishni xohlayman. jas] 3, Suzishni bilmayman. 4, Shahmat o’ynashni bilaman, 5. O'zbekcha taomlarni tayyorlashni bilaman. 6. Futbol o‘ynashni yaxshi ko'raman. 7. Ertalablari darsga borishni yoqtirmayman. 8. Universitetni bitirib, yaxshi ish topishni xohlayman. T-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Savollarga javob bering, 1. Shanba va yakshanba kunlari nima qilishni yaxshi ko'rasiz? 2. Musiga tinglashni yaxshi ko'rasizmi? Musiqaning qaysi turini sevib tinglaysiz?_ "3. Futbol, voleybol yoki basketbol o'ynashni yaxshi ko'rasizmi318 CHAPTER 14 ‘12-mashq: A. Mustaqil ishlang. Ghayrat is talking about the things that he likes and dislikes doing. Look at the pictures below, and tell what you think Zamira and Zafar like to do. Ismim G'ayrat, 48 yoshdaman. Toshkentda syashayman. Tuli xl taomlarni tayyorlashni yaxshi yo 'raman. O'zbekcha, uygr‘turcha va ruscha taonalarni pishira olaman. Sportn, aynigs, futbol o'ynashni yaxshi zko‘raman. Bu qizning ismi Zamira, Sizningcha, Zamira nima gilishni yaxshi ko radi? Nima qilishni yomon ko'radi? : ‘Musiga tinglashni yaxshi ko'radimi? z Sportni yaxshi ko radi deb o'ylaysizmi? Bu o'spirinning ismi Zafar. ‘ Zafar nima gilishni yaxshi ko'radi? ‘Nima qilishni yomon ko'radi? Sportni yaxshi ko'radi deb o'ylaysizmi? ncemcemicaie acecminaonsetinsctnnnn ities Cnn B. Gj Tinglang! Now listen to Zamira and Zafar discussing their likes and dislikes. Did you guess right? 13-mashq: “SY Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Siz nima qilishni yaxshi ko’rasiz? Nimalarni yomon ko‘rasiz? Discuss your likes and dislikes with a classmate. rea Seu -~-yaxshi ko‘raman -yaxshi ko‘radi yomon ko‘ramanTalking about Clothing 319 14-mashg: “© Sinfdoshlaringiz bilan ishlang. Discuss the following ad in class. Make a similar ad, and present it to the class. ‘Answer your classmates’ questions about your product! ‘Toshkent va Samarqandda joylashgan do‘konlarimizga taldif etamiz! ‘Zamonaviy va sifetli poyabzallarni arzon narxlarda sotib olishni xohlaysizmi? Unday bo'lsa, “Humo” firmasining do‘konlariga marhamat ailing! “Humo” firmasi sizga xorijiy texnclogiyalar asoeida tayyorlangan mahsulotlarni taklif etadi. Do‘konlarimizdan ayollar, erkaklar va bolalar ‘uchun har xil poyabzallarni sotib olishingiz mumkin. ‘Manzilimiz: ‘Toshkentda: Samar gandda: Mirobod k-si oa. “Mustagilile lest 6 uy, Tek: 160-0 Tek 95-19-88 “Humo” firmasi — sifat va ishonch garovidir!20. CHAPTER 14 15-mashq: ~ Mustaqil ishlang. A. First, read the answers provided by an Uzbek student. Then answer these questions based on your own culture. © baviatingizda maktab o‘quvchilari ganday kiyinadilar? ‘zbekistonli ing javobi: O' ib o'quvchilari forma (abekistonlik talabaning javobi: O‘zbekistonda makeal our Oeil bolalarodada 10g ko'ylak wa gora shim, giz bolalar esa og bluzka va qora ‘yubka kiyadilar a —— ) Universitetiarda-chi? Talabalar ham forma kiyadilarmi? O'zbekistonlik talabaning javobi: ¥o'g. Universterlarda talabalar forma aydilar, Talal ste Be a balar xohlagan kivinalaring kvislari mumkin, ees emir EE | Sli ee ee ee a Sane } ©) daviatingizda odamlar qanday kiyinadilar? O*zbekistonlik talabaning javobi: Ba‘ kishilar zamonaviy,ba’zilar esa miliy Hiyinadilar Katta shaharlanda odaralar asosan zamonaviy kiyinadiar. Milly kiyimlarni har xil an‘anaviy marosimlarga kiyadilar, Masalan, nikoh to‘ylarida kelinni atlas ko aka va kuyovnto'nda ko riskingiz mumkin, Sizning javobingiz: ‘Hak kiygan ayollarni ko rishingi pace 7 Mak kiygan ayollari ko rshingizni mumkir ses er mil 1s kivimlarin kivadilar, masatan, hayit kuntar ke chy ‘ anni uchratishingiz mumbkin, aca Sizning javobingiz: eae ann (TESS a RSA ey‘Talking about Clothing 321 ©) siz qanday kiyinasiz? Qanday kiyimlarni kiyishni yaxshi ko‘rasiz? O*zbekistonlik talabaning javobi: Men, | i: Men juda oddiy kiyinaman. Odatda futbolka va jinsi juraman. Krossovka yok 1 ji Slzning ja ‘qulay poyabzal kiyishni yaxshi ko'raman, Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Get together with your classmate and compare your answers. 16-mashq: » Matnni o’qing. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering. An/anaviy o'zbek milliy kiyimlari rang-barang, jozibador va xilma-xildir. O'zbek milliy ktyimlarining matosi odatda ipakdan yoki paxtadan to‘qiladi. Erkaklarning milliy kiyimlari to’n, do‘ppi va qiyiqchadan iborat. Ayollarning milly kiyimlari esa atlas ko'ylak, lozim, ro’mol va do’ppidan iborat. (O’zbekiston tarixida bo'lgan vogealar odamlarning yashash tarziga va albatta, kiyimlariga katta ta'sit ko'rsatdi. An‘anaviy kiyimlar o‘rini zamonaviy kiyimlar egalladi. Shunday bo'lsada, hozirgi vaqtda ham ko'pgina an‘anaviy marosimlar milliy kiyimlarsiz o’tmaydi. Bozor va do‘konlarda an‘anaviy o’zbek milly kiyimlarining har xil turlari sotiladi. * Agllr dopps Tetaller 2oPFY Atlas kodak O'zbekistonga sayohat qilsangiz, albatta Toshkentdagi “San‘at muzeyiga” boring. Bu muzeyda an’anaviy o'zbek milliy kiyimlatining xilma-xil tarlarini ko'tishingiz mumkin. Muzeyda ayollar kiyadigan rang-barang “atlas” matosi haqida afsonalar eshitishingiz va uning to’gilish jarayonini kuzatishingiz mumkin.Talking about Clothing 323 19-mashq: A. / Savollarga javob bering. Quyidagi gaplar to’g'rimi yoki noto’g’ri? Matn asosida javob bering. a 1. Bu matn o’zbek milliy kiyimlari haqida. 2. O’zbek milliy kiyimlari ipakdan yoki paxtadan to'qiladi. 3, Do'ppi- ayollar kiyadigan milliy ko'ylak. 4. Atlas - ora rangli mato. 5. Toshkentdagi “San‘at muzeyi” da o'zbek milliy taomlari haqida afsonalar eshitishingiz mumkin. © Mustagil ishlang. With all you know about Uzbek traditional clothing, provide answers to the questions below. 1. O’zbek madaniyati va tarixini yaxshirog o'rganish uchun masjidga borishni xohlaysiz. U yerga borish uchun ganday kiyinishingiz kerak? 2. O'zbekistonda yashaysiz. Universitetda o'zbek tilini o’rganasiz. Kecha universitet professorlaridan birining vafoti hagida eshitib goldingiz. Bu professorni yaxshi tanir edingiz, shuning uchun uning uyiga borishni va oilasiga ta’ ziya bildirishni xohlaysiz. Qanday kiyinishingiz kerak? Nima uchun? 3. Toshkentda yashaysiz. Do’stlaringizdan biri, Lola, sizni nikoh to'yiga taklif qildi. Qanday kiyinasiz? C. / Extended task. Choose one of the following questions and do some research. What do you think these people wore? Compare their clothing with what they wear nowadays. Write a short essay and present it to the class. 1. 19-asrda Yevropada odamlar qanday kiyinganlar? 2. 17-asrda Xitoyda odamlar qanday kiyinganlar? 3. 18-asrda O'rta Osiyoda ayollar qanday kiyinganlar?324 CHAPTER 14 | one ele le 20-mashq: A. Before you watch the video, look at the picture below, describe it and guess what the video is about. B. @™ © watch the video once and describe itin a few sentences. Get together with a classmate and discuss what you saw. You can use the statements below to start the discussion. 1. Bu video ....... haqida deb o‘ylayman. 2. Siz nima deb o‘ylaysiz? 3. Menimcha, bu bola ....... yoshda. 4. Bu bola maktab o‘quychisi bo‘lsa kerak. C. / Watch the video again, and answer the questions below. 1. Bolaning ismi nima? Avazov Alisherxon Ahror o’g'li Ahrorov Alisherxon Avaz o'g'li Alisherov Avazxon Ahtor o’g'li Ahrorov Avazxon Alisher o'g'li‘Talking about Clothing 325 2. 1 Quyidagi gaplar to'g'rimi yoki noto’g’ri? a. U1991-yilda tug’ilgan. b, Uydan 25-avgustda chigib ketgan. c. Kech soat 20:00da uydan chigib ketgan. d. Peshonasida 5 yoki 6 santimetrlik chandig'i bor. e. Futbolkasi kul rang. £. Shortigi jigarrang. g. Rezina shippagi bo‘lgan. 3. Bolani ko'rgan kishilar nima qilishlari kerak? " Hech narsa gilishlari kerak emas. Bolaning ota-onasiga xat yozishlari kerak. 2i-mashg: / Sd Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. First fill out the following form. Then role-play: Imagine you lost someone in a Tashkent bazaar; talk to a police officer (your classmate) and describe the person. Tell when and where you last saw them, what they look like, and what they are wearing ‘TOSHKENT SHAHAR CHILONZOR TUMANI ICHKI ISHLAR BO‘LIME 'YO'QOLGAN FUQAROLARNI. RO'YXATGA OLISH VARAG'T vice Rea Telefon raqamingiz (shahiar kodini ham yoring) ‘Yo’qolgan shaxsning ismi ‘Yo‘golgan shaxsni tasvirlab bering (bo'yi, sochining rangi, aloha belgitari) ‘Varaga to'ldirilgan sana (kin, oy, vil ImzoMustagilishlang. Quyida berilgan mashglarni bajaring. Yangi so’zlar va ‘grammatik qoidalarning ishlatlishiga ahamiyat bering. 22-mashq: Quyida berilgan so’zlarni alohida kategoriyalarga ajrating, ko’ylak, kostyum, shippak, ro'mol, shortik, palto, etik, do‘ppi, shim, qalpoq, yubka, sviter. E as ina - / Dilshod, Zuhra va Azizning rejalari hagida o'qing. Ular borayotgan cae ganday kiyimlarini olib borishlari kerak? Nima uchun? Maslahat bering. Be a sckeadoeisecaissiniac! Lctoeasch ioe np ihenata yoshi va Toshkent Davlat Igtisod universitetida o'qiydi. Ikki oy avval u AQShning Atlanta shahridagi universitetga qabul gilindi. U bir haftadan keyin Atlantaga ketadi va o'sha yerdagi universitetda d ofqishini davvom ettiradi. Bu ayolning ismi Zuhra. U Samarqandda yashaydi. “Samargand Daviat Tarix va Me’morchilik*” muzeyida kurator bo’lib ishlaydi Zuhra noyabr oyida Londonga boradi va o’sha yerda o'tkaziladigan konferensiyada qatnashadi*. 4. Bu kishining ismi Aziz. U asli farg‘onalik, lekin hozirgi vaqtda Buxoroda yashaydi va xususiy* biznes bilan shug’ullanadi. Oilali, xotini va ikkita farzandi bor. Aziz iyulda oilasi bilan Turkiyaga OS _, s2yohat gilishni rejalashtiryapti. “yususly - private ‘sme’ morchilik - architecture srejalashtirmoq.- lo plan *o’sha yerda o'tKaziladigan konferensiyada qatnashadi - she will participate ina conference organized there“Talking about Clothing 327 Indefinite Past Tense 24-mashq: / Quyidagi gaplar siz uchun to’g’rimi yoki noto‘g'ri? 1. O’zbekistonda bo‘lmaganman. 2. Hech qachon chang’i uchmaganman, 3, Misrda bo'lganman, qadimgi yodgorliklarni ko'rganman. —__ ~ 4, Turk tilini o'rganganman. } "5. Sport bilan shug‘ullanganman, musobaqalarda* qatnashganman. r 2 ei 25-mashq:~_/ Har bir ustundan bitta so’z tanlab, peplar tuzing. Yangi grammatik qoidalardan foydalanishnt unutmang! ‘men, biz, Alisher va Lola, bir necha yil avval, talabalarning barchasi, hech qachon, bir marta, mehmonlar, o'gituvchilar, nechanchi asrda, qachon, ‘odamiar, do'stlarim, ottgan asrda, zililadan toshkentliklar. fReyin ‘musobaga - contest928 CHAPTER 14 26-mashq: <> Mustagil ishlang. Matnni o‘gib, savollarga javob bering, Diggat qidiruv! ‘Toshkent shahar, Chilonzor tumanida yashovchi ‘Umarov Laziz qidirilmoqda. U 2006-yil, 15-martda uydan chigib ketgan. Alohida belgilari: bo'yi 175 santimetr, sochi qora va ko'zlari jigarrang, peshonasida 5-7 santimetrlik chandig‘i bor. O'sha kuni jinsi shim, qora sviter kiygan. Oyog‘ida qora etik bo'lgan. Lazizni oxirgi marta Amir Temur xiyobonida ko'rishgan. Laziz haqida bilgan yoki uni ko'rgan kishilarni miltsiyaga murojaat qilishlarini so‘raymiz. ed a 1. Qidirilayotgan* kishining ismi nima? 2. Uydan qachon chigib ketgan? 3. Bo’yi necha santimetr? 4. Qanday alohida belgilari bor? 5. Uni oxirgi marta qayerda ko'rishgan? 6. Agar siz Lazizni ko'rsangiz, nima qilishingiz kerak? Further Application of Verbal Houns 27-mashq: Quyidagi gaplar siz. uchun to’grimi yoki noto'g'ri 1, Suzishni bilaman. 2. Piyoda yurishni yaxshi ko'raman, 3. Qo’rqinchli* kinolarni yomon ko‘raman. 4, Turli xil davlatlarga safar qilishni xohlayman. 5. O’zbekcha taomlarni pishira olaman. 6. Qo’shiq aytishni yaxshi ko'raman. 7. Yangi kiyimlar va taqinchoglar sotib olishni yoqtiraman. ‘qo'rqinchli- scary *qidislayotgan - the one whois missing28-mashq: ‘Talking about Clothing 329 //- You've ust arrived in the Tashkent airport and cannot find your luggage. When you contact the “lost and found,” they ask you some questions, Answer them. Ayol: Assalomu alaykum, keling. Siz: Ayol: Ismingiz nima? Qayerdan kelyapsiz? Passportingiz bormi? Siz: Ayol: Xo‘sh xizmat? Nima bo'ldi? Siz: Ayol: Yaxshi. Chemodaningizning rangi ganday edi? Siz: Ayol: Tushunarli. Ichida nima bor edi? Siz: Ayok: Yaxshi. Sizga ertaga telefon gilamiz. Toshkentda bo'lasizmi? Qaysi melmonxonada turasiz? Siz: Ayol: Yaxshi. Mayli, yaxshi boring. Siz:Gaplarni tinglang. : act Sinfda o'gituvchingiz bilan ishlang, gaplarni o‘qib, ularning ma‘nosini tushunishga harakat qiling. So‘ng sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlab, suhbat tuzing. _ Maqtov- Compliment Ga iavenn tenes Voy-bo'y, rosa chiroyli ekan! Rahmat. Wow, this is so pretty! Thank you. Kiyimingiz rosa yarashibdil Tashakkur! It suits you very much! | Thank you. Ochilib ketibsiz! Aytganingiz kelsin! You look so pretty! lit: Let your wishes come true! (Yangi mashinangiz/uyingiz) buyursin! May it (a new car/house) serveTalking bout Clothing 391 afsona an‘anaviy atlas. ayrilmas ma belgi berilmog, bir marta birnecha bluzka bosh kiyim boshlamog, diggat do‘ppi tik forma futbolka sijim salstuk po'zallik saloni harir hassa hisobli imzo ipak ishonch ishonmoq, janob jarayon jinsi shim jozibador legend traditional brightly-colored satin ‘material, used in women’s traditional dresses inseparable mourning sign to be given once several blouse headwear to start attention Uzbek skulleap boots uniform tshirt wrinkled tie beauty salon delicate fabric, fine cane responsible, accountable signature silk trust to trust, to believe gentleman process jeans attractive, alluring kalta kamar katakli keng kiyim-kechak kiymoq ko‘rinish ko’ylak ko'zoynak kostyum krossovka kul rang kuzatmoq libos lozim manzil manzur Marhamat qiling! marosim maslahat mato mafqul me’morchilik militsiya milliy murojaat qilmoq musobaqa och rangli odamlarning yashash tarzi short belt checked wide clothing and such to wear ‘appearance shirt, dress eyeglasses men's suit jogging shoes; sneakers gray to observe apparel, clothing women's pyjama-style drawers, usually made of atlas address liked, admired Welcome! Be our guest! ceremony advice cloth, material acceptable, reasonable architecture militia, police national to speak to; to appeal, fo turn to competition light-colored people’s lifestyle382 CHAPTER 4 oddiy orzu palto pardoz paxta paypoq peshana poyabzal gabul qilinmoq gadimgi galpoq qidirilmoq qidiruy qiyiqcha go‘lqop rang-barang razmer/ o’lcham rezina ro'mol san‘at sevgili sifatli soat sotilmoq suzmoq sviter ta’sir ko’rsatmoq ta’ziya bildirmoq taklif etmoq taqinchoq taqmoq zirak taqmoq simple dream winter coat make-up, cosmetics cotton socks forchead ‘footwear, shoes to be accepted ancient winter hat to be searched search sash glove, mitten varicolored, brightly colored size rubber headscarf, scarf art loved, beloved quality ‘wristwatch to be sold to swim sweater to influence, to impact to express condolences or sympathy tooffer jewelry conversation to wear, to pin, to affix tasvirlamoq to’n to’q rangli to’qilmoq ‘topmoq tufli (coll) uzuk uzun varaga vogea xalat xizmat qilmoq xohlamog xolli xonim xususiy yo'L-yo'l yo’golgan shaxs yodgorlik yordam bermog yubka zamonaviy zirak zontiky soyabon o’ramoq. ro’mol o’ramoq o’tmoq shim shippak shortik chandiq chemodan (chamadon) shikoyat to describe Uzbek traditional robe dark-colored to be weaved, to be knitted to find shoes ring long sheet, slip event robe to serve to want spotted lady, madam private striped, with stripes missing person monument, relic to help skirt modern earring(s) umbrella to wrap to wear a headscarf to pass, to happen pants, trousers sandals, flip-flops shorts scar suitcase complaint‘N BESHINCHI DARS CHAPTER FIFTEEN NIMA BEZOVTA QILYAPTI? a DISCUSSING MEDICAL MATTERS IN THIS CHAPTER * Yangi darsni boshlaymiz! Describing illnesses and talking about health * Diqqat, qoida! Future tense of intention, subordinate clause of time, adverbs * Keling, suhbatlashaylik! Activities to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing * Asl o’zbekcha Authentic video clips * Sizga xat keldi_ mai Exchange Letters about Uzbek culture and people * Qo’shimcha mashqlar Extra activities to reinforce new structures and vocabulary * Muomala odobi Native speakers’ daily speech * Yangi so‘zlar Vocabulary used in this chapter334 CHAPTER 15 Yangi darsniboshlaymizi eee ee L-mashq: 6) So’zlarni o’qing, tinglang va eslab qoling. Fw A ra Bu dorini bir boshim og'riyapti tishim og‘riyapti gornim og'riyapti isitmam bor FA FA aksiryapman yo" talyapman iq Tt hurts a lot. Qo'lim singanga o'xshaydi. T think (lit: it seems like) I broke my arm, Yigilib tushdim. T fell. Ko'nglim ayniyapti. I am feeling nauseous. Tkki kundan beri kasalman. T have been sick for two days. Mazam bo'lmayapti. Tam not feeling well Og'rib ketyapti. It hurts a lot (lit: the pain is not stopping) Shifokor: Nima bezovta qilyapti? What seems to be the problem? Tinchlikmi? What is wrong? Are you okay? Qon bosimingiz juda past. Your blood pressure is very low. Shamollagansiz. You have a cold, Bu yugumli kasal. This is a contagious disease. Ukol olishingiz kerak. You need a shot. Rentgen gilish kerak. It needs an X-ray. Tez yordam chagirdingizmi? Did you call in an emergency?Discussing Medical Matters 335 2-mashq: A. (i So’zlami tinglang, Listen to the audio and practice these words, B.“&9 Now using these words play "Simon says” in Uzbek with a classmate.336 CHAPTER15 3-mashq: \, >» Mustaqil ishlang. Suhbatlarni o’ging. Yangi so'zlarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering Bemor: Assalomu alaykum. Mumkinmi? Shifokor: Marhamat, keling. Nima bezovta qilyapti? Bemor: Mazam bo‘lmayapti, boshim qattiq og‘riyapti. Shifokor: Qani, on bosimingizni tekshirib ko'raylik-chi! Og'riq qachon boshlandi? Bemor: Ikki kun avval, shekilli. Ha, to‘g‘ri, chorshanbadan beri tinmay og'riyapti. Shifokor: Qon bosimingiz birozgina baland. Mana bu dorini bir kunda ikki marta ichasiz. Bemor: Ovgatdan avvalmi? Shifokor: Yo'q, ovqatdan keyin iching. Undan tashqari, iloji bo'tsa, bir-ikki kun dam oling. Yog'ti ovgatlardan kamroq yeng. Xo‘p. Bu dorini qayerdan sotib olsam bo‘ladi? Dorixonadan. Hozir retsept yozib beraman. Rahmat. Salomat bo'ling. Bir-ikki kundan keyin o'zgarish bo‘lmasa, yana keling. Bemor: Xo‘p, rahmat. Bemor: Shifokor Bemor: Shifokor: Shifokor: Keling, uka. Nima bo'ldi, tinchlikmi? Bemor: Daraxtga chigib olma terayotgan edim, yiqilib tushdim. Qo‘lim gattiq og'riyapti. Shifokor: Qani, mana bu yerga o'tiring-chi. Qachon yiqilib tushdingiz? Bemor: Kecha kunduzi. Avval qo‘limning eti uzildi deb o'yladim, og'riq kuchayib ketganidan keyin, keliningiz do‘xtirga boring deb qo‘ymadi. Shifokor: Ko‘nglingiz ayniyaptimi? Bemor: Ha, biroz. Shifokor: Qo'lingizning mana bu yeri og'riyaptimi? Bemor: (bemor gichgirib yuboradi) Voy, sekinrog, yomon og‘rib ketyapti! Shifokor: Qo‘lingiz singanga o‘xshaydi. Rentgen qilish kerak. 4-mashq: 3 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Birinchi sahifada berilgan so’zlardan va yugorida berilgan suhbatlardan foydalanib suhbat tuzingDiqaat, qoida! = SSeS amma 1, Subordinate Clause of Time Subordinating conjunctions, such as when, are not widely used in Uzbek to create relative clauses (such as, | saw Jim when J was in New York). To express similar meaning, the following construction is used. verb stem + -gan + possessive ending kel- + -gan + personal possessive ending + -da uyga kelganimda - when I come home uyga kelganingizda - when you come home when she/he comes home when we come home when you (pl) come home This form is a dependent clause, therefore, an independent clause is required to form a complete sentence. Notice that only the verb in the independent clause takes suffixes that show tense, Person, and number. O‘zbekistonga borganimda, albatta Samarqandga boraman. When I go to Uzbekistan, I will definitely go to Samarkand. ‘Men xafa bo'lganimda, onam ham xafa bo'ladilar. When | am sad, my mother is sad, too. Toshkentda yashaganimda, bozorga ko‘p borganman. When I lived in Tashkent, | went to the bazaar a lot. Kasal bo‘lganida, shifokorga bormadi. When he was sick, he didn’t go to the doctor. | _ Notice the use of this form with a postposition keyin-after: } Parhez (diyeta) qilganimdan keyin, ancha ozdim. | __ After staying on a healthy diet, I lost a lot of weight. ‘Armiyadan kelganidan keyin, Nozimaga uylandi. After he came back from the army, he married Nozima. Bu xabarni eshitganimdan keyin, darhol onamga telefon qildim. Upon hearing this news, | immediately called my aon AY338 CHAPTER 15 S-mashq: / Mustaqil ishlang. Combine the following pairs of sentences using the language point you read above. Make other changes as necessary. 1. Kelasi yil O‘zbekistonga boraman. U yerda Registon maydonini ko‘raman. Ctechistonga lorganinda Teegiston maydonint ke raman. 2. Feruza AQShda yashagan. U AQSh universitetlarining birida tahsil olgan. 3, Dilshod ustaxonada mashina tuzatadi. U musiqa tinglashni yaxshi ko'radi. 4, Karimning qon bosimi ko‘tarilib turadi. Shunday vaqtlarda u ukol oladi. 5, Jeyms Toshkentda yashagan. U universitetda o‘zbek titini o'rgangan. 6. Azizaning boshi qattiq og‘riydi. Shunday vagtlarda qo'li ishga bormaydi. 6-mashq: /, Mustagil ishlang. Quyida berilgan vaziyatlarda nima qilasiz? 1. Charchaganingizda nima qilasiz? 2Asabiylashganingizdach? 3. Yomon baho olganingizda nima gilasiz? 4, Darsni tushunmaganingizda-chi? 5. Do‘stingiz siz haqingizda 6. Boshingiz o'g‘riganida nima qilasiz? 7. Ishga yoki darsga kechikkaningizda nima qilasiz? 8. Yomon tush ko‘rganingizda-chi?Discussing Medical Matters 339 eo 2. Postpositions beri, buyon Similar to postpositions keyin and avval mentioned in Chapter 9, the postposition beri-since, for requires the preceding noun or pronoun to have an ablative case ending -dan. Apreldan beri kasalman. | have been ill since April. 1967-yildan beri Toshkentda yashaymiz. We have been living in Tashkent since 1967. Ikki haftadan beri kasalman. I have been ill for two weeks. Mana shu zavodda uch yildan beri ishlayman. I have been working in this plant for three years. The word buyon is mostly used in written Uzbek. Kechadan buyun qo‘ng‘irog‘ingizni kutamiz. We have been waiting for your call since yesterday. 3. Adverbial suffix -gacha The suffix -gacha is attached to nouns, adjectives, and pronouns to create adverbs. The adverbs with this suffix can be translated ‘into English with the preposition til or until. Farg‘onada yanvargacha turamiz. We will stay in Ferghana until January. Kitobni oxirigacha o'gidingizmi? Did you read the book up to the end? Bugun soat beshdan to'qqizgacha ishxonada bo'laman. Iwill be in the office from 5pm to 9pm. 7-mashg: / Mustagil ishlang. Gaplarni o’ging, ular siz. uchun to’g'rimi yoki noto’g'ri? TN 1. Ikki yildan beri universitetda o’giyman. 2. Uch oydan beri o'zbek tilini o'rganyapman 3. Ikki kundan beri kasalman. 4, Ertalabdan beri yomg’ir yog'yapti. 5. Kechadan beri boshim og’riyapti. 6. Bir haftadan beri imtihon topshiryapman.340 CHAPTER 15 8-mashq: Sy Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Chekasizmi? Qachondan beri? What are some habits you have? First put down at least two of them and then ask your classmate if he/she has the same ones. 9-mashq: 2j Mustaqil ishlang. Using the suffixes -dan and -gacha, make sentences, Follow the model. Namuna: Televizor - Har kuni sont sakkizdan o‘ngacha televizor ko'raman.Discussing Medical Matters 341 10-mashq: “& Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Savollarga javob bering, 1. Bir kunda necha marta ovgatlanasiz? 2. Bir haftada necha soat o’zbek tilini o’rganasiz? 3. Bir haftada necha marta universitetga borasiz? Shifokor qabulxonasida to‘rt kishi o'tiribdi. Ular shiforkorni kutishyapti. Feruza: Voy, qo‘lingizni qayerda sindirdingiz? Nosir: Kecha, narvondan yiqilib tushdim. Feruza: Rostdanmi? Eh, yomon bo‘libdi! Nosir: Ha. (bir necha soniyadan keyin) Bolangiz kasalmi? Feruza: Ha, ikki kundan beri yo'talyapti-ya. Diyor: Ukam, kel, mana bu yerga o'tir. Nosir: Yo'q, o'tiravering. Sizning ham tishingiz og‘riyapti, shekilli? Diyor: Eh, gapirma! Na uxlay olaman, na ishlay olaman. Bir ish qilish qiyin. Nizom aka: Ha, men ham shunday. Diyor: Sizning ham tishingiz og‘riyaptimi? Nizom aka: Yo'q, boshim og‘riydi. Shifokor gon bosimingiz baland deb aytdi.. Har xil dorilar yozib berdi. Ta’sir qilmayapti. Feruza: Parhez qilishingiz kerak. Yog‘li ovgatlarni kamrog yeyishingiz kerak. Nizom aka: Parhez... (Hamshira eshikni ochadi.) Hamshira: Mahkamova shu yerdami? Feruza: Ha, shu yerdaman! Hamshira: Keling, kiring. 12-mashq: “SY Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Now that you know about the people and their symptoms, make dialogues between each of these people and the doctor.342 CHAPTER 15 3. Future tense of intention In Uzbek, when talking about the things that we intend to do in the future, we use the future tense of intention. It is translated into English as: want to, intend to, going to, would like to. verb in infinitive form (ex: bormog) + -chi + personal predicate ending | Toshkentga bormogchiman. / intend to go to Tashkent. | Bozorga bormoqchisiz. You want to go to the market. | U ketmogcht. He would like to leave. | Sizlar kelmogchisiz. You would like to come. Biz gilam sotib olmoqchimiz. We want to buy a carpet. Ular kino ko'rmogchilar (or Ular kino ko'rishmogchi).. { They want to watch a movie. The interrogative form: As usual, a statement is changed to a question by adding -mi. As before, note that for men and biz you need to add this suffix after the personal predicate endings. U yerga bormogchimizmi? Are we going to go there? For sen, siz, sizlar, u, and ular you need to attach -mi before the personal predicate endings. ‘O'zbekistonga bormoqchimisiz? Are you going to visit Uzbekistan? The negative sentences are formed with the help of emas. The personal predicate endings are edded to emas. U ketmogchi emas. He doesn’t intend to leave. Yozmogchi emassan. You do not want to write. In colloquial speech, emas and the verb are pronounced as one word. In this case the initial e of emas is dropped. To use it in the past tense, simply add - edi and add the possessive ending to it. Kitob sotib olmogchi edim. | was going to buy a book. ‘Ovgat pishirmoqchi eding. You wanted to cook. U sho‘rva pishirmoqchi edi. He was going to cook soup. | EN ag oeDiscussing Medical Matters 343 13-mashq: \, >» Mustaqil ishlang. Matnlarni o’qing. anim Lochin, Urganch shahridanman. Maktabda o'giyman. Maktabni bitirganimdan eeyin, Jahon Igtisodi va Diplomatiyas! Universitetiga o'ishga Rirmogchiman. Hozirgi vagtda imeihonlarga qunt bilan tayyorlanyapman. Ismim Nafisa, hozirgi vagtda Jahon Tillari Universitetining rarjimonlik fakeultetida o'giyman. Universiterning ikkinchi kurs talabasiman. Kelasi semestrda nemistilini o'rganishni boshlamogchiman, Universitetn bitirib, biror xorijty firmada tarjimon bo ib ishlashni xohlayman, Ismim Karima Mo ‘minova. Toshkent Tibbiyor e Pediatriya Instituti shifoxonasida jarroh bo'lib ishlayman, Rejalarim ko'p. Xususiy shifoxoma ‘ochmogchiman, Shifoxonani zamonaviy jihozlar bilan 1a'minlab, O'zbekistondagi tajribali, yosh va tirishqog | shifokorlarni ishga taklif qilmogchiman. od 14-mashq: “9 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Matnlar asosida quyidagi savollarga javob bering. 1. Universitetni bitirganingizdan keyin, nima qilmogchisiz? 2. O'zbek tilidan tashgari yana qaysi xorijiy tilni o‘rganmoqchisiz? 3. Boshqa daviatlarga sayohat qilmoqchimisiz?344 CHAPTER 15 rt si RANT ee 5-mashq: eer Pere ee a a ae cena wing problems. Working with a partn your roles and make short dialogues using the apenas. 1. Toshkent markaida oylashgan yangiRvartiradaturbsz loki ki undan beri na sig suvingi, na sovug suvingiz bor. Kvartiraning easig (a landlord) telefon gil, ‘muammolaringizni tushuntiring. +. Kecha do singe szga metro yonida, sat ikki yarimda uchrashamic deb aye. ‘Dostingizni meio yonida soat ikki yarimdan beri kutyapsiz. HosirSoat besh ‘minuti kam uch, do'stingiz hali kelmadi. Unga telefon ging, 43, Kasalsiz. Boshingiz va tomog ‘ingiz og riyapti. ‘Shifokor sizga bir nechta dorilarnt soni olishn va bir kunda ikki mahal icishni maslahat beri. Bu dorilant ichdingiz, Jetin ruaalmadingiz. Shifokorga telefon qilib, aziyatn tushuntiring 4 Kasalsiz, boshingi og‘rivapt,lekin bugun unduci imtihon topshirshingie erate O'aituvchingizga telefon gilt, vaziyatn tushuntiing. 16-mashq: A. > Matnni o’ging. Ibn Sino kim bo'lgan? U qayerda tug’ilgan? Qayerda yashagan? Quyidagi matnni o'qib, sinfda Ibn Sino hagida suhbat o'tkazing. Abu All Ibn Sino Abu All ibn Sino 980-yilda Buxoro yaginidagi Afshona qishlog‘ida tug’ildi. 5-10 yoshlarida maktabda ‘o’gidi. Maktabni bitirib, ustozi Abu Abdullohdan mantiq, +tibbiyot, falsafa va figh ilmlarini o’rgandi. 16 yoshidan boshlab Sharq va G’atb olimlarining ilmiy asarlarini mustaqil o'rgandi. U Gippokrat, Golen, Aristotel, Abu Bakr ar-Roziyning asarlarini puxta o'rgandi. Ibn Sino 17 yoshida taniqli olim bo'lib yetishdi. UV Xivada, Mashhadda va Tehronda yashadi. O’sha yerlarda xon saroylarida tabiblik va vazirlik gildi. 1037-yilda Xamadonda vafot etd Ibn Sino arab va fors tillarida falsafa va Bee bo’yicha 300dan ortiq asarlar yozgan. “Tib qonunlan'” - ibn Sino (Avicenna) ular orasidagi eng mashhur asardir. Bu asar {1-asrda lotin, tiliga tarjima gilingan va 17-astning o'rtalarigacha Yevropa universitetlarida darslik sifatida hie ilgan. Ibn Sinoning davolash usullari fal ham mashhur. O’zbekistonda asosan tabiblar bu usullardan foydalanadilar.346 CHAPTER 15 19-mashq: A. \, >» Mustai shlang. Matnni o’ging, Tabiblar Tabiblar haqida eshitganmisiz? Vlar haqida nimalarni bilasiz? Tabiblar bu an’anaviy tibbiyot bilan shug‘ullanuveht kishilardir. Tabiblar odatda kichik shahar yoki qishloglarda yashaydilar. Ular odamlarnt tut xl tabity mahsulotlar, asosan, o’simliklar yordamida davolaydilar. /. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering. 1, Tabiblar kim? 2. Ular qayerlarda yashaydilar? 3. Kishilarni davolash uchun tabiblar nimalardan foydalanadilar? c. Tabib haqidagi videoni ko’rib, savollarga javob bering. Bemorni nima bezovia gilyapti? Tabib bemorga qanday yordam berdi? D. “SJ Suhbatlashing. Quyidagi savollar asosida, sinfda suhbat o’tkazing. 1. Tabiblar kishilar uchun foydali deb o'ylaysizmi? Nima uchun shunday deb o'ylaysiz? 2. Agar yashayotgan shahringizda yoki qishlog’ingizda shifokor bo'lmasa, tabibga borasizmi?Discussing Metical Matters 347 20-mashq:

Matnni o’qing. Yangi so’z va iboralarga ahamiyat bering. Xorijiy davlatlarga sayohat qilish ancha tayyorgatlikni talab qiladi. Masalan, xorifiy davlatga sayohat qilish uchun, odatda, viza olish kerak. Buning uchun rasmga tushish, hujjatlamni to‘ldirish va ularni xorijiy davlat elchixonasiga topshirish kerak. Viza olganingizdan keyin, aviachipta sottb olishingiz va borayotgan joyingiz haqida ko’ prog ma'lumot to’plashingiz kerak. Kerak bo'lsa, tibbly ko'rikdan o'tishingiz va ukol olishingiz kerak. So’ng, kerakli kiyim va narsalaringizni chemodanga joylashishingiz kerak. Undan tashar, har ehtimolga qarshi, siz sayohat gilishni rejalashtirayotgan davlatda yashaydigan kishilarning madaniyati va tilini o'rganishingiz kerak. B.\ >> Matn asosida savollarga javob bering 1. Viza olish uchun hujjat topshirganmisiz? Qaysi davlatga sayohat qilish uuchun viza olgansiz? Konsullik xizmatidan foydalanganingizda, biror giziq yoki bexush vogea sodir bo'lganmi? Gapirib bering 2. Odatda biror joyga sayohat qilsangiz, aviachiptani qayerdan sotib olasiz? 3. Biror daviatga sayohat qilishdan aval, shu davlat haqida malumot to'plash lozim deb o'ylaysizmi? Shu daviatda yashaydigan kishilarning tli va urf- odatlarini o'rganish kerak deb o'ylaysizmi? Nima uchun? 5-mashq: (23 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Birinchi sahifada berilgan yangi so’zlardan foydalanib, suhbat tuzing. Quyida berilgan misoldan foydalaning. - ‘Anna: Tomas, sharq davlatlarida bo‘lganmisiz? Tomas: Ha, bir necha davlatlarga sayohat qilganman. Anna: Qaysi daviatlarda bo‘lgansiz? ‘Tomas: Misr, Marokash va Turkiyada bo'lganman. Anna: Misrda bo‘lganingizda, qayerlarga borgansiz? ‘Tomas: Asosan kata shaharlarda bo‘lganman. Anna: Tuya yoki ot minib, biror joyga borganmisiz? Tomas: Afsuski, yo'q. Asosan taksida yurganman.Discussing Travel and Leisure 363 Diqaqat, qoida! [en ee grinned complete the grammar-telated activities. Sap ae In general, participles derive from verbs and act as adjectives. In Uzbek, participles also function as relative clauses. Arelative clause is a clause that modifies a noun. For example, in the English sentence below, the noun man, is modified by the relative clause who called. The man, who called, knows me well. In English, relative clauses are introduced by relative pronouns, such as that, which, who, whom, and whose. However, in Uzbek, relative clauses are introduced with the help of participles. There are three types of participles in Uzbek. 1. Participles Past participle is formed by adding the suffix -gan to the stem of the verb. The use of this participle implies that the action is completed. ‘ishlamog - to work __ishlagan - worked, one who worked Telefon qilgan erkak meni yaxshi taniydi. The man, who called, knows me well. O‘zbekistondan kelgan professorni ko‘rdingizmi? Did you see the professor who came from Uzbekistan? Note that a word ending with -gan is used as an adjective (or relative clause), and modifies the noun that follows it. In order not to mix it up with the verb, always check the place of the participle; it usually comes before the noun it modifies. On the other hand, the verb (which is in the 3" person singular form of indefinite past tense) comes at the end of the sentence. Uyga kirgan yigit meni chaqirdi. Aman who came in the house called me. U 1985-yllda universttetga kirgan. He entered (was enrolled) into the university in 1985. Present participle is formed by adding the suffix -yotgan to the stem of the verb. The use of this participle implies that the action is in process. ishlamoq - to work ishlayotgan - working, one who is working Telefon gilayotgan erkak meni yaxshi taniydi. The man, who is calling, knows me well. Dutor chalayotgan qiz qaysi maktabda o‘qiydi? What schdol does the girl who is playing the dutor go to? ———_—' a ee ——.364 (CHAPTER 16 i The negative of both present and past participles are formed by adding -ma to the verb stem. Imtthonga kelmagan talabalarga telefon ailishimtz kerak. to call the students who did not come to the exam. Ragsga tushmayotgan talaban| yaxshi taniyman. I know the student who is not dancing. Future participle is formed by adding the suffix atdigan to verb stems that end in consonants, and y+digan to verb stems that end in vowels. ket+a+digan - ketadigan - one who will leave yasha+y+digan - yashaydigan - one who will live The use of this participle denotes an action that will take place in the future or can also be used to describe a habitual action. Telefon qiladigan erkak meni yaxshi taniydi. The man, who will call, knows me well. en bilan bir sinfda o‘aiydigan iz choy olib keldi. The girl, who studies with me in the same class, brought tea. The negative form of the future participle is formed by adding a suffix -ma to the verb stem. O*zbekistonga safar qilmaydigan talabalar kecha insho zishdi. The students, who are not going to visit Uzbekistan, wrote an essay yesterday. In general, participles are used very consistently in Uzbek. In a single sentence, several participles can be used to modify nouns. Therefore, Uzbek sentences might seem long and incoherent to an English speaker. Do not translate such sentence word by word. In these cases, the rule of thumb is to find the subject and the verb of the sentence, and then look for anything else. Consider the sentence above. There, talabalar insho yozishdi are the most important parts of the sentence. Once you figure this out, look for other clues, such as participles. You know rticiples generally modify the noun, this should give you a clue about safar qilmeydigan. Finally, Look for other parts of speech, such as the adverbs O'zbekistonga and kecha. — ———_s6-mashq: A. Discussing Travel and Leisure 365 Matnlarni o’qing. Skim the following passages taken from different sources. You do not need to understand every word or translate it; just circle all the participles and the nouns they modify, and underline the verbs. Rude shahrida qadimly dazmollarni yig'adigan kishilar bir klub tashikil ‘ilgenlar. Klub a’zorlari mingdan ortiq dazmol turlari va ular haqida yozilgan ma‘lumotlarni to'plaganlar. “Qaysi dazmol qachon paydo bo‘lgan?” - degan savolga ham shu yerdan bemalol javob topishingiz mumkin. Masalan, 4 ‘ko'mir bilan ishlaydigan dazmollar 9 XVII asrda paydo bo'igan. Ungacha esa odamlar yonayotgan ko'mir solingan idishdan foydalanishgan. Hlektr dazmollar 1913-yilda o'ylab topilgan. } = Navro‘z - O'rta Osiyo xalglarining eng qadimiy bayramlaridan biridin. “Navro‘2" forscha so’z bo'lib “yangi kun” degan ma’noni anglatadi. 21-mart, kecha va kunduz tenglashgan kun, ‘Navro‘z bayrami sifatida O'rta Ostyo xalglari tomonidan keng nishonlanadi. Navro'z munosabati bilan o'ziga xos turli taomlar, shirinliklar tayyorlanib, bayram dasturxoni bezatiladi, Navro'z dasturxoni uchun sumalak, halim, ko'k somsa va ko'k chuchvara asosty taomlar hisoblanadi. 7-mashq: /. Mustagil ishlang. Quyidagi gaplar to’g’rimi yoki noto’g'ri? a. Turistlar kam boradigan yerlarga sayohat qilishni yaxshi ko'raman. b, Xitoy tilida gapirmaydigan tanishlarim yo'q. c. Odamlar bilan gavjum bo'Igan joylarda dars qilishni yogtirmayman. d. O’zbek tilida gapiradigan do’stlarim ko’p. e. Kelasi yil O’zbekistonga safar qiladigan talabani taniyman. £. Tatar tilida bemalol gapiradigan do’stlarim ko’. g. Turk tilini o’rganayotgan yigitni bilaman. h. Qo'l telefon ishlatmaydigan odamlarni bilmayman. ot Bg I B.cZj Discuss your findings in the classroom with your instructor.366 CHAPTER 16 8-mashq: * Matnni o’qing. Toshkentga safar qilganmisiz? Toshkent shahri haqida nimalarni bilasiz? Quyida berilgan, Toshkent haqidagi matnni o'qib, savollarga javob bering. Toshkent Toshkent ~ Markaziy Osiyodagi eng qadimgi shaharlardan biri. Shahar 5-9 astlarda ‘Choch, Shosh, Binkat va Tarkand deb atalgan. Shahar 6-asrda Turk xogonligi tarkibiga kirgan, O'sha davrda shaharkuichli mudofaa devori bilan o'ralgan, Shahar atrofida bir necha «sear ham qurilgan. Osha davilarda Buyuk Ipak yo lining bir tarmog(i shahar orgali ogan va shaharning rivojlanishida muhim rol o'ynagan, ‘8-ast boshlarida arablar Toshkentni bosib olib, uni vayron gilganlar. 9-asrda shahar awalgi o'rnidan biroz uzogrogda qayta barpo bo'lgan va Binkat deb atalgan. 10-astlarda Binkat yirik savdo markaziga aylangan. Ba'zi tarixiy manbalarga ko'ra, bu shahar f1-asrdan boshlab Toshkent deb atalgan. Toshkent 13-asrda Mo‘g(ul go’shinlariga qarshi bo'lgan urushda yoqib yuborilgan. 44-asr oxirlarida esa Amir Temursaltanatining shargidagi muhim strategik shaharga aylangan. 19-asr o'rfalarida Toshkent Rossiya bilan savdo qiladigan eng yirik savdo markaziga aylangan. 1865-yil tyun oyida Toshkentni Rossiya qo’shinlari bosib olganlar. 1867-yilda Toshkent Turkiston general-gubematorligining markazi bolgan. 1905-yilda Orenburg- Toshkent temir yo'll qurilgan. Shundan so’ng, ko’plab sanoat korxonalari barpo etilgan. Shuning hisobiga, Toshkent aholisining soni ham tez o'sgan, 1917-yil noyabrda Toshkentda Sovet hokimiyati o'matilgan. 1918-yilning aprelidan boshlab Toshkent Turkiston ASSR poytaxt, 1950-yilda exa O'zbekiston SSR poytaxt! bolgan. 1941-45 yillarda Toshkent sanoati frontga xzmat qilgan. Urushdan keyin shahar tez ‘o'sgan. 1966 yilda bo'lgan zilziladan keyin ko'plab yangi binolar va metropoliten qurilgan. 1991-yil 1-sentyabrdan Toshkent mustaqil O’zbekiston Respublikasining poytaxtiDiscussing Travel and Leisure 373 17-mashq: " Mustaqil ishlang. Matn asosida savollarga javob bering Matnga mos sarlavhani belgilang. a. Bolalik xotiralarim, b, Toshkent - non shahri. ¢. Toshkent tarixi. 4. Zamonaviy Toshkent 5 — 9-asrlarda shahar rivojlanishiga nima sababchi bo'lgan? ing huj i ilinishi arablarning hujumi va shaharning vayron qi mudofaa devorlari va qasrlarning buzib tashlanishi Buyuk Ipak Yolining hissasi | shaharning Choch deb atalishi J cece LLL Toshkentda birinchi temir yo'l qachon qurilgan? ose a a. zilziladan keyin b. ruslar bosqinidan keyin cc. Ikkkinchi Jahon Urushi vaqtida d. Sovet hokimiyati o’ratilganidan keyin 18-mashq; Savollarga javob bering. Each sentence describes a main event in the text. Place them in the order in which they occurred. __ Shahar yoqib yuborildi.. ___ Toshkent sanoati frontga xizmat qildi. Shaharda zilzila bo'ldi.. __ Turk xogonligi tarkibiga kirdi. ___ Yangi va zamonaviy uylar qurildi. Toshkent strategik markazga aylandi. __ Mustagil davlat poytaxtiga aylandi. Temir yo'l qurildi. Shahar Toshkent deb atala boshlandi. ‘ Savollarga javob bering. Quyidagilar to’g’rimi yoki noto’g’ri? Matn asosida javob bering. 1, Shaharning nomi doim Toshkent bo'lgan. 2. Buyuk Ipak yo'li Toshkent orgali o'tgan. 3, Amir Temur hukomronligi davrida Toshkent muhim shaharga aylangan. 4, Temir yo'l qurilganidan keyin, Toshkent aholisining soni kamaygan. 5, Toshkent Rossiya imperiyasining poytaxti bo‘lgan. 6. Toshkent metropoliteni zilziladan keyin qurilgan.374 CHAPTER 16 Aslocbekecha 20-mashq: The video you are about to watch is about renting an apartment. Check the phrases and words that you think might be used in this video. ijara xaqi dahtiz sayohat taksi 0 siz nima tavstya qilasiz? D) Achchiq ekan! 3 shxona C1 yotoq () ron a Kyartirangizning balkoni bormi? 0 o ko‘cha 0 {idish-tovog C : Sabzavot sotmaymiz! Ikki kilo shakar kerak edi. © gimmat_ 0 muzlatgich O 21-mashq: A. OP */, Mustaqil ishlang. Videoni ko'rib, savollarga javob bering 1. Yigitga qanday kvartira (xonadon) kerak? 2. Oshxonada nimalar bor? 3. Ayol hammom haqida nima dedi? 4. Yigitga kvartira yoqdimi?Discussing Travel and Leisure 375 5. Yigit kvartirani qancha muddatga ijaraga olmoqchi? 6, Yigit bir oyga necha pul to‘lashga rozi bo‘ldi? B. Videoni yana bir marta ko'rib, suhbatni to'Idiring. Yigit: ‘a. Mayli, kelishdik. Ayol: Ha, bor. Men ijaraga xonadon topshiraman. Yigi 'b. Men bu shaharga o'qish uchun Ayol: Albatta, marhamat. Keling, marhamat: kelganman, uch oy muddatga uy Mana bu ~ dahliz, Uyda kerakti barcha jihozlar } olmogchiman. ‘mazjud. Bu yer ~ oshxona. Oshexonada barcha idish-tovoglar bor. Mana bu yerda~ | c, Men ertaga sizga qo'ngiroq qilib, muzlatgich. Keling, bu yer - ayvon. Bemalol keladigan kunimni aytaman. ko'rishingiz mumkin. Se d. Keng, yorug’, xonalari yaxshi ekan. “Ayol: Albatta bo‘ladi,keling. Mana bu ~ Yotog’ingiz qayerda? ‘miehmonxona. Uy sizga ma‘qulmi? ee e. Menga u ma‘qul bo'ldi. Endi ‘Ayol: Yuring, yotoq mana bu yerda. Mana aracoqi elishib olsak bo'lar edi. tu yotog. Marhamat, ko'rishingiz mumkin. Hamma kerakli narsalar bor. F Menga ahlit Feng maeateatwtct bod prigit: —_ alohida yotog’i bor bir uy kerak edi. Uni Ayol: Xursandman, Mana bu yerda hammom, | o‘rishning iloji bormi? Ko'rib turganingizde, juda shinam. igi ___ g. Bir yuz ellik ming so'm bersam Ayol: Albatta, yuring. Uyni gancha muddatg: | ho’iadimi? ijaraga olmogchisiz? Brigit see easels ‘Ayok: Oyiga ikki yuz ell ming so'm to‘lashingiz kerak bo'ladi. Yigit: Ayol: Yo'g, bir yuz ellik ming so'm juda kam. Ikki yuz ming so'm bera goling. pfigit: —____ Ps Kechirasizlar, mana shu uyda ijaraga Ayol: Demak, uyning narxiga kelishdik. ‘opshiriladigan xonadon born? Qachon kelasiz? Ricig ae oe ‘k. Xayr, yaxshi qoling. Ayol: Yaxshi, xayr. Yigit: +h. Yaxshi, ko'rinishi yomon emas. Menga ‘uy ma’qul. i. Yaxshi, boshqa xonalarni ko‘rsak bo'ladimi? 22-mashq; <3 Sinfdoshingiz bilan ishlang. Pretend you are leasing an apartment. Your classmate would like to rent it. Make a dialogue and act it out.375 CHAPTER 16 Mustagilishlang. Quyida berilgan mashqlarni bajaring. Yangi so'zlar va grammatik qoidalarning ishlatilishiga ahamiyat bering. Participles 23-mashq: —_/ Fill in the blanks with a correct participle in an appropriate form. sotib olmoq, gapirmog, bilmog, o‘ynamog, turmoq, javob bermoq, o’gimog, ko'rmoq 1. utbol yigitni juda yaxshi taniyman. U sinfdoshimning ukasi. 2. Kechagina Kitobimni yo'gotib qo'ydim. 3. Onam ikki yildan be teleserial kecha tugadi. 4. Toshkentda yigitning ismi nima? 5. Ispan tilini kishilarni taniysizmi? Bizga tarjimon kerak edi. 6. Telefonda giz sizning singlingizmi? 7. Kechirasiz, garajda mashina siznikimi? 8. Kecha men telefon qilganimda ayol kim? 24mashq: =, Quyidagi shaharlarga safar qilgan kishilar qayerlarga borishlari va nimalarni ko'rishlari kerak? Maslahat bering. Namunadan foydalaning, ‘Namuna: Samargand - Samarqandga safar qilgan kishilar, Registon maydonini ko'rishlari kerak. a. Nyu-York: b. Parij: c. San-Fransisko: d. Istanbul: e. London: £. Pekin:Discussing Travel and Leisure 377 25-mashq: “ Savollarga javob bering. ‘Namuna: Siz o'rgangan tillar orasida eng qiyin til qaysi? Men ispan, xitoy va o’zbek tillarini o'rganganman. Ular orasida eng giyin til xitoy tili bo'lsa kerak. Siz bilgan kishilar orasida eng saxiy kishi kim? 2. Siz ko'rgan filmlar orasida eng qo’rqinchli film qaysi? » . Siz safar qilgan shaharlar orasida eng toza shahar qaysi? eS Siz bilgan universitetlar orasida eng qadimgi universitet qaysi? o . Siz taniydigan kishilar orasida eng tirishqog kishi kim? 26-mashq: “ Whois described? Provide the Uzbek word. 1 hujjat yoki nutqni bir tildan ikkinchi tilga tarjima giladigan kishi: 2. restoranda ovgat pishiradigan kishi i universitetda dars beradigan kishi: igan, turli xil sabzavot yoki mevalar ekadigan kishi: 5, shifoxonada ishlaydigan, kishilarni davolaydigan shaxs: 27-mashq: / Gaplarnito’l ring, Namunadan foydalaning. ‘Namuna: Universitetni bitirib , Samarqandga qaytib keldi. boshlanmog, o’gimog, o'rganmogq, tuzatmoq, tayyorlamoq, kelmoq a. O'zbekcha kitob ko'p yangi so’zlarni o'rgandi. ‘b. Mashinasini uni sotib yubordi. . Ingliz tilini tarjimon bo'lib ishladi. d. Dars soat ikkida soat oltida tugaydi. . Avtobus ‘Bodomzor’ masjidi yoniga turistlami kutadi. e. £. Biz o'zbekcha taomlarni sizni uyimizga taklif qilamiz.378 ge CHAPTER 16 28-mashq: / So’zlardan foydalanib, savollarga javob bering. a. Bugun ertalab nima qildingiz? (yuvinmog, kofe ichmog) b. Lola peshinda nima qiladi? (tushlik qilmoq, ishini davom ettirmoq) ¢. O'zbek tilini o'rganayotgan talabalar, kelasi haftada nima qilishmoqchi? (viza olish uchun hujjat topshirmoq, safarga tayyorlanmoq) 4. Qahramon o'tgan kuni nima qildi? (narvondan yiqilmog, qo‘lini sindirmoq) e. Qahramon bugun nima giladi? (dorixonaga bormoq, dori sotib olmoq) £Imtihondan o'tmagan talabalar nima qilishadi? (tayyorlanmog, qayta topshirmox) 29-mashq: \, >* E'lonni (ad) o'gib, savollarga javob bering. ‘Toshkent shahar, Marka 1 dahasi, 6 qavatli binoning 3-qavatida Joylashigan ikic xonali kvartira sotiladi. Kvartira yevropacha usulda remont qilingan. Xonalar alohida, ‘kinganda dahlizi bor. Balkon 2x6 met, oynavand. Oshxonasida yang) gazpilta o'rnatilgan. ‘Kvartira “Bolalar dunyosi” do'koni orqasida joylashgan. “Amir ‘Temur xiyoboni” metro bekatiga yaain. Narxi kelishilgan holda. Qo'shimcha, ma’lumotlar uchun kech soat oltidan sakkizacha 245-46-19 telefon ragamlariga qon‘é'roq qiling. ee a ER pe kvartira Metro S vartira x pe * Bolalar | xiyoboni ee ere pa i xiyoboni | 1. Which of the following was NOT mentioned about this apartment? ‘a. Toshkentda joylashgan %,_b. metro va do'konga yagin . juda arzon narxga sotiladi | d.shohar markazida joylashgan. "2. Which one of the following maps illustrates the location of the ‘apartment as it was described in the text? kvartira Metro x day “Amir Temur xiyoboni Cikirish I a. Bolalar | Metro Polar dunyosi | Amie ian emule oe TT xdyobont kvartiraDiscussing Travel and Leisure 379 30-mashq: | Mustaqil ishlang. Your good friend is planning to go to Uzbekistan and study Uzbek. She is asking your advice about housing, because during your stay in Uzbekistan, you rented this house. Describe it to your friend. Tell her about the location, amenities, and the price. Mention about the disadvantages, if any. Do you recommend this place to her?380. CHAPTER 16 es dialects And grammar, such a, 9-4hitial tand s in cettain conditions nate with ch or gh ton a b genitive, ni ‘ < stb an gs on Standard Uzbek Tashkent dialect _English translation tushundim chushundim | understood | soch choch hair ning bolasi Uni bolasi his child ‘Mening kitobim Mani kitobim my book | ketyapmiz ketvommiz we are leaving Baplashayotgan giz gaplashvotgan qiz girl who is talking borgan edik boruvdik we had gone J ‘Some most frequently used words that differ from standard Uzbek include: kent dialect English translation | | Standard Uzbek Tashkent dialect Engle | = on gata? EOD | ayerda? ea cen where from? ganaqasiz? How are you? galeysiz?Discussing Travel end Leisure 381 6Q.Gaplarni tinglang, ’ Sinfda o’gituvchingiz bilan ishlang. Gaplarni o'qib, ularning ma‘nosini tushunishga harakat qiling. So'ng sinfdoshingiz bilan suhbat tuzing, Tasdiqlash - Agreeing Inkor etish-Disagreeing Rost, xuddi shunday. Mutlago noto‘g‘ri! Right, it is true. | Completely wrong! ‘Shu gapingizga qo‘shilaman. | Bo‘lishi mumkin emas! l agree with you, It cannot be true! Hech shubha yo‘q! Bu gapingiz noto‘g‘ril There is no doubt! You are wrong! Albatta to‘g'ril Hech ham bunday emas! It is not like this at all! Certainly, it is true! ray bor tichlretekt pantie e Bunday bo'lishi mumkin emast It cannot be true! No doubt, it is t “ | cout Nea reel Fikringizga go‘shila olmayman. | cannot agree with you.alohida atalmoq avtobus bekati avvalgi aylanmoq ayvon barpo etilmoq benzin quymoq bexush bir kishilik xona birlashmoq biror bo’sh xona bo'yicha Boltiq bo'yi davlatlari boshlamoq boshlarida bosib olmoq bosqin dahliz dala dam olmoq dars qilmoq davomida e‘lon ekmoq, elchixona foydalanmoq front gavjum hal qilmoq, hammom separate to be named, to be called bus station previous fo turn into veranda to.be established, fo be found to fill up with gas unpleasant hotel room for one person to unite some vacant room about, regarding Baltic states to start, to begin in the beginning to conquer occupation entrance hallway, foyer field to rest to study, to do homework during announcement to plant, to grow embassy to use, to make use of front (mil.) crowded to solve bathroom har ehtimolga qarshi hissa hokimiyat hujjat topshirmog hujum hukumronlik idish-tovog ijaraga olmoq joy keng lift ma’lumot ‘ma'muriyat ma’qul manba mashina haydamoq mebel mehmonxonadan chigib ketmoq mehmoxonaga joylashmoq minmoq muddat mudofaa muhim muzlatgich nutq orgali ot pilotfuchuvchi platforma just in case contribution regime, government to apply attack reign dishes to rent place wide elevator information administration acceptable, reasonable source to drive a car furniture to check out of a hotel to check into a hotel to ride time, period defense important freezer speech through, via horse pilot platformpoyezd qast qavat qayta qiziq qo'ltelefon qo’shin qurilmoq ragsga tushmoq rivojlanmog rozi bo‘lmoq safar gilmog sanoat korxonalari savdo ty saylga chiqmoq sayohat qilmoq shuning hisobiga sizniki sodir bo‘lmoq sochiq sovun sport zal stansiya styuardessa saltanat taksi olmog talab qilmog tanga tanimoq tarkibiga kirmoq tarmoq tayyorgarlik temir yo tirishgoq train palace floor (as in 2nd floor) ‘again, once more, over again funny, interesting cell phone army, troops to be built to dance to develop to agree to travel, to have a trip industrial enterprises trade generous to have a picnic to travel a a result of this your, yours to happen, to occur towel soap gym station flight attendant sultanate, dominion to take a cab to require coin to know, to be acquainted to be part of branch, division preparedness railroad hardworking Discussing Travel and Leisure 383 tishlamoq to‘zar Tokiyoga qo‘nmoq, Toshkentdan uchmoq. turist Turk xogonligi Turkiston general- gubernatorligi tuya vayron qilmoq vaziyat xavfli xizmat xorijiy davlat xotira ya'ni yer yirik yo'lovehi yo'nalish yo'qotib qo’ymoq yoqib yubormoq yorug’ yoshlik yotoq yo'l kira/xaqi ziyorat qilmog o’rin o‘rnatilmoq o’smoq, o'zar chipta/bilet to bite, to eat gets scattered to land in Tokyo to take off in Tashkent tourist Turkic khanate Turkestan governor- generalship camel to destroy situation dangerous service {orcign country memory that is place large, great passenger direction, route to lose to set on fire bright childhood bedroom {fare (bus, taxi) to visit place to establish, to install to grow gets ahead ticketAPPENDICES APPENDXA TRANSCRIPTS The text of the selected* audio files. 387 APPENDIX 8 GRAMMATICAL SUMMARY Uzbek sounds and grammar in chart AppeNoxC UZBEK CYRILLIC READER Activities and reading texts in Cyrillic alphabet .nnenesn arPeNDXD UZBEK-ENGLISH GLOSSARY Vocabulary used throughout the textbook 465 arrenoik ENGLISH-UZBEK GLOSSARY Vocabulary used throughout the textbook... * these are the transcripts to listening activities for which no text is provided in the textbook.Appendix A: Transcripts Chapter 2 ‘-mashq. 1. Birinchi rasm: Menimcha, bu erkak va ayol juda baxtlidir. Ular keksa, lekin hali ham baquwvat. Menimcha, ular o'zbeklar. Ikkinchi rasm: Menimeha bu giz chiroyli. U yosh va xursand. Menimeha, u tojik. 3. Uchinchi rasm: Menimcha, bu erkak va ayol boydir. Ular xursand. Menimcha, ular o'zbeklar. Chapter 4 2-mashq. Bu sinf. U katta va shinam. Sinfda yetti ‘alaba va bir o'gituvchi bor. Sinfda yana ikkita deraza, bitta eshik va ikkita taxta bor. Sinfda bitta televizor va bitta kompyuter ham bor. Sinfda yana kitob javoni ham bor. Kitob javonida beshta kitob va sakkizta daftar bor. Chapter 5 ‘16-mashq. 1. Maktabdasiz. Maktabdan chiging va Navoiy ko’chasi tomon yuring. Navoiy ko'chasida chapga burilib, Furgat ko’chasi fomon yuring. Furgat ko'chasidan o'tib, yana 10 metrcha yuring. O’ng tomonda nima bor? Chap tomonda-chi? 2, Universitetdasiz. Universitetdan chiqib, Bobur ko'chasi tomon yuring. Bobur Jo'chasidan o’ting. Qayerdasiz? 3, Kasalxonadasiz. Kasalxonadan chigib, Navoiy ko'chasi tomon yuring. Navoiy ko'chasida o’ngga buriling. Furgat o'chasi, maktab, supermarket va Zulfiya ko‘chasidan o'tib, yana 10 metrcha yuring. Chap tomonda nima bor? 4, Supermarketdasiz. Supermarketdan chigib, Navoiy ko‘chasi tomon yuring. Navoiy ko’chasida o‘ngga buriling. Ko’cha bo’ylab to’g'riga yuring. Furgat va Bobur ko’chalaridan o'ting. Qayerdasiz? O'ng tomonda nima bor? Chap tomonda-chi? Chapter6 4-mashq. Lola soat oltida uyg’onadi va yuvinadi U soat yettida nonushta qiladi. Lola universitetda o’giydi. U soat to'qgizda universitetga boradi. U universitetga avtobusda yoki metroda boradi. Lola soat o’n ikkida tushlik giladi. Soat uchda uyga qaytadi. Soat oltida kechki ovqatni yeydi va ingliz tilini o'rganadi. Lola kechqurunlari televizor ko'radi va kitob o'qiydi. U soat o'n ikkida uxlaydi 20-mashq. #1, ~ Kechirasiz, ismingiz nima? ~Ra'no. ~ Ra‘no, qayerdansiz? ~Toshkentdan. ~ Siz kvartirada yashaysizmi? - Ha - Odatda bozorga borasizmi? - Yo’g, men Toshkentning markazida yashayman, u yerda supermarketlar juda ko’p. Shuning uchun odatda supermarketga boraman. - Hm, qimmat emasmi? ~ Biroz, lekin juda qulay.388 APPENDIXA #2. ~ Kechirasiz, ismingiz nima? - Hamidov Furgat. ~ Furgat aka, siz. qayerdansiz? ~Samarqanddan, Jonboy gishlog’idanman. ~ Kvartirada yashaysizmi? - Yo'q, yo'q!! Qishloqda kvartiraga nima bor?! Kvartirani yomon ko’ raman. Hovlida yashayman. Katta hovlida. ~ Yaxshi, rahmat. 23-mashq. Ismim Nodira. Toshkent Davlat Milliy universiteti talabasiman. Universitetning filologiya fakultetida o’giyman. Universitetda darslar ertalab soat sakkiz yarimda boshlanadi va soat ikkida tugaydi, Shanba kunlari darslar soat o’n ikkida tugaydi. Darsdan keyin men do'stlarim bilan uchrashaman va biz kinoga yoki kafega boramiz. 38-mashq. Bir necha oy avval Toshkentning ‘Yunusobod tumanida “Bahor” restorani ishga tushirildi, Bu yerda nafagat o'zbek taomlari, balki Yevropa taomlari ham. tayyorlanadi. Hozirgi vaqtga kelib, bu Toshkentdagi eng yaxshi restoranlardan biridir. Ajoyib xizmat va mazali taomlardan bahramand bo'lishni xohlaysizmi? Unday bo'lsa, “Bahor” restoraniga marhamat giling! Restoranimizda dushanba va chorshanba kunlari yevropacha taomlarni; seshanba, payshanba va juma kunlari esa o'zbek milliy taomlarini tayyorlaymiz. “Bahor" restoraniga marhamat! Restoranimiz “Navoiy” ko’chasida joylashgan. Biz sizni kutamiz! Chapter 7 15-mashq. Bu oilamning surati. Bu suratni singlimning to’ yida olganmiz. Singlimning ismi Farida, erining ismi Jasur. Suratda yana amakivachcham Alisher va uning xotini Ra’no ham bor. Ziyod va Laylo- ularning farzandlari. Ravshan va Zilola - mening farzandlarim. Bu suratda yana mening do‘stim Qahramon ham bor. 24-mashq. 1. -rasm: Bu oila besh kishidan iborat. Oil ota-ona, buva, buvi va bir o'g'il bor. 2, -rasm: Bu oila kata emas. Cilada ona, bir qiz va bir o’g'il bor. 3, -rasm: Bu oila to’rt kishidan iborat. Oilada ota-ona va ikki farzand bor. 4, -rasm: Bu oila ham katta emas. Bu oilada ota-ona va bir farzand bor. 21-mashq. Oilamiz yetti kishidan iborat: otam, onam, to’rt opam va men. Otam va onam nafagadalar. Birinchi opam, Baro, igtisodchi. tkkinchi opam, Ra’no, bankda ishlaydi. Uchinchi opam, Laylo, ingliz til o’gituvchisi. Dono opam shifokor. Men universitetda talabaman. Bu suratda Barno opam otamning o'ng tomonida va Ra’no opamning chap tomonida o'tiribdi. Dono opam esa otamning chap tomonida va Laylo ‘opamning o’ng tomonida o'tiribdi. Men suratda otamning oldidaman. 34-mashq. 1. Salom Begzod, bu men Nozimman. Hozir konsertga ketyapman. Juda yaxshi konsert. Soat oltida boshlanadi Men bilan borasanmi? Mayli, xayr. 2. Begzod? Yaxshimisan, bolam? Men xolang, Faridaman. Bozorga ketyapman. Yakshanba kuni mening uyimga kelinglar. Onang va ukangni ham olib kel. Xo‘p, mayli. 3. Begzod aka, yaxshimisiz? Men Zokirman. Men hozir aeroportdaman, uyga kelyapman Meni kutib olasizmi?Men soat sakkizda Toshkentga yetib kelaman. 4, Salom Begzod, yaxshimisan? Men opangman. Hozir universitetdaman. Bugun uyga kech boraman, chunki do’stlarim bilan konsertga boramiz. Mayli, bo’pti. Chapter? __ 5-mashq. Nigora: Dilshod, qalaysan? Yaxshimisan? Dilshod: Uncha yaxshi emas. Nigora: Nima bo'ldi? Dilshod: Bugun boshlig’im meni urushdi*. Nigora: Nima uchun urushdi? Dilshod: Chunki ishga kech bordim. Nigora: Nima uchun kech bording? Dilshod: Kecha do’stlarim bilan mehmonga bordim. Uyga soat ikkida qaytdim. Ertalab soat sakkizda uyg/ondim. Avtobusga ulgurmadim*, ishga juda kech bordim. Nigora: Voy, yomon bo'libdi. “to scold, to fight ‘to be on time 15-mashq. Mahmud aka kecha o’g'lining uyiga tori, Kelinini va nabiralarini ko'rdi. O’g'li bilan ancha gaplashib o'tirdi. Kechki ovgatga kelini mazali palov tayyorladi. Kechki ovgatdan keyin, soat sakkizlarda uyga gayt. Karim aka va uning nabirasi Sardor kecha Chorsu bozoriga borishdi. Bozordan oltita non sotib olishdi va soat ikkida uyga aaytishdi. 27-mashq. Shoir, mutaffakir va davlat arbobi - Alisher Navoiy 1441-yil 9-fevralda tug’ildi. Navoiy fors va turk tillarida she'rlar yozdi. ‘M83 va 1485-yillar mobaynida mashhur *Xamsa” asarini yaratdi. Alisher Navoiy 1501-yilda vafot etdi. Transcripts 389 O’zbek shoiri va yozuvchisi - Oybek 1905-yilning 10-yanvarida Toshkentda tug’ildi. Oybek avval eski maktabga bordi, bu maktabda u o’zbek va arab tillarini o'rgandi, so’ng Toshkentdagi yangi rus- tuzem maktabida o’qidi. Bu maktabda urus tilini o’rgandi. Oybek “Bolalik xotiralarim,” “Onamning mozorida,” “Qutlug’ qon” kabi she’r va dostonlar yozdi. Pushkinning “Yevgeniy Onegin” asarini o’zbek tiliga tarjima qildi. Oybek 1968-yilda vafot etdi. Abdulla Qodiriy 1894-yil 10-aprelda Toshkent shahrida tug’ildi. Avval eski maktabda o’gidi, u yerda o'zbek va arab tillarini o’rgandi. So'ng rus-tuzem maktabiga bordi. 1926-yilda Moskvada adabiyot kursida o'qidi. Abdulla Qodiriy yozuvchi, tilshunos va tarjimon edi. U 1919- va 1920-yillarda o'zbek adabiyotidagi birinchi roman “O’tgan kunlar“ni yozdi. U 1938-yil 4-oktyabrda vafot etd. 37-mashq. Mhom: 135-1643 Nasiba: 178-89-00 Farida: 45-22-14 Nozim: 245-56-70 Kamola: 132-45-66 Chapter 10 24-mashq. 1-sotuvchi: Ha, bor. Keling, necha kilogramm kerak? 2-sotuvchi: Yangi, bugun ertalab Farg’onadan olib keldik. 3-sotuvchi: 300 so’m 4-sotuvchi: Necha pul berasiz? 5-sotuvchi: 100 so’m juda arzon. Yana biroz qo'shing. 6-sotuvchi: Mayli, oling. 25-mashq. Qulupnay: 1200 so’m Kitob: 875 so'm390 APPENDIXA Non: 250 so'm Uzum: 1275 so’m Televizor: 245000 so'm Yangi passport: 15850 so’m Chapter 13 14-mashq. 4:30, 10:25, 2:55, 3:05, 12:45, 6:35, 4:15, 1:25, 12:40, 7:10, 3:45, 2:00, 9:40, 10:05, 15-mashq. ~ Karima, har kuni barvaqt uyg’onasizmi? - Ha, har kuni soat 6:45 uyg’onaman. - Universitetga nimada borasiz? Metrodami? ~ Yo'q, uyimiz yonida avtobus bekati bor. O'sha yerda 19-avtobusga chiqib, universitetga boraman. - Soat nechada universitetga yetib borasiz? ~Soat 8:10minut o'tganda universitetga yetib boraman, lekin darslar soat 8:30 boshlanadi - Tushlik qilasizmi? ~ Albatta, sinfdoshlarim bilan universitet oshxonasida har kuni soat birda tushlik qilamiz. ~Soat nechada uyga qaytasiz? - Taxminan soat o'n beshta kam oltida. 21-mashq. Tabity ofatlar Texas shtatining g’arbida, 1996-yilda qurg’ ogchilik boshlandi. Yog’ingarchilik 60 foizga qisqardi. Qurg’oqchilik bu shtatning iqtisodiga salbiy ta'sir qildi, Missuri, Illinoys va Indiana shtatlarida 1925-yil 18-martda kuchli bo‘ron bo'ldi. Bu bo‘ron “Uch shtat bo‘roni” deb ataldi. Bo'ronda 695 kishi vafot etdi. 1998-yil avgustda Xitoyda bo'lib o’tgan suv toshginida 2500 kishi vafot etd. 700 mingdan ko' prog kishi Xitoyning boshqa viloyatlariga evakuatsiya qilindi. 2004-yil fevralda Qirg’iziston tog'larida gor ko‘chdi. 4 kishi vafot etdi va yetti kishi yaralandi. 2005-yil oktabrda Pokiston g/arbida kuc! 2ilzila bo'ldi. Bu zilzilada taxminan ming kishi vafot etdi, 3 milliondan ko'p: kishi uy-joysiz qoldi. Chapter 14 12-mashq. Ismim Zamira, andijonlikman. Men kitob o'qishni va o'zbek mumtoz musigasini tinglashni yaxshi ko'raman. Bo'sh vaqtlarimda dutor chalishni o’rganaman. Sportni uncha yogtirmayman. Ochiq havoda dam olishni yaxshi ko‘raman. Yaxshi ko'rgan rangim - yashil. Ismim Zafar. Toshkentning Shayhontohur tumanida yashayman. Maktabda o'giyman. Do'stlarim ko'p. Bo'sh vaqtlarimda sport bilan shug’ullanaman, Futbol o‘ynashni va anhorda suzishni yaxshi ko'raman. Dars tayyorlashni va wy tozalashni yoqtirmayman. ‘17-mashq. Munira xola yakshanba kuni bozorga bordi, Eri uchun shim, qizi uchun bir juft paypog, o’g'li uchun ko‘ylak qidirdi. U Chorsu bozoriga borib, bir joyda yaxshi shimlarni ko'rib qoldi: ~ Bu shim necha pul? ~ Keling, xola! Mana, bu shimlar 9 ming so’m, mana bular gimmatroq, 15 ming, so‘m. = Nima fargi bor? Nima uchun mana bu shimlar qimmatroq? ~ Bu shimlar Namanganda tikilgan, mana bularni Turkiyadan olib kelganmiz. ~ Ha, yaxshi. Qaysi razmerlari bor?Hamma razmerlar bor, xola. Qaysi rangi kerak? -Menga qora yoki kul rangli shim kerak. -Ha, mana. Nechanchi razmer kerak? -Bllik ikkinchi. -Mana, kul rangli shim ham qora shim ham bor. | -Necha pul bo'ladi? -15 ming so'm, xola. Narxi shu. -Yaxshi, o'rab bering. Shimni sotib oldi va boshqa yerda chiroyli paypoglarni ko'rdi, Bu paypoglaringiz necha pul? Ikki ming so‘m, xola. Keling, ham arzon. ham juda sifatli. Mana har-xil rangli paypogalar bor. Qaysi birini olasiz? Mana bu och gizil va kul rang paypoglaringiz necha pul? -Bular ikki yarim ming so’m, xola. Bularning sifati juda yaxshi. - Yaxshi, ikkita bering. Transcripts 391 So’ng o’g'li uchun ko‘ ylak qidirdi: ~ Singlim, bu ko'ylak necha pul? ~ Bular 7 ming so’m. - Mana bu ko’ylaklar-chi? ~ Bular 15 ming, xola. Bu ko'ylaklarning sifati juda yaxshi, 100 foiz paxtadan. Qanday ko'ylak qidiryapsiz? ~ Boshqa ranglari ham bormi? Tog rangli ko'ylaklaringiz ham bormi? - Ha, mana, ko'ring. ~ Menga mana bu ko’ylak yoqdi. ~ Bu 15 ming so'm, xola. Bo'ladimi? - Arzonrog berasizmi? ~Necha pul berasiz? - O'nuch ming som. ~ Yo'q, bo'lmaydi. Yana biroz qo‘shing. O’n tort ming berasizmi? ~ Ha, mayli, o'rab bering. Munira xola bozordan o’ziga bitta ro’ mol va shippak sotib oldi va uyiga qaytdi.Appendix B: Grammatical Summary A. Pronunciation: Guide to Uzbek Sounds In chapter 1 of the textbook you were introduced to Uzbek sounds. Below you will find more detailed information about them, particularly Uzbek vowels. Learning about Uzbek sounds will be helpful in improving your listening comprehension as well as general understanding, of spoken Uzbek. 1, Uzbek Vowels All the vowel sounds in Uzbek are represented by the following 6 letters in the alphabet. However, the characteristics of these vowel sounds can be changed based on their position within a word. Below are their descriptions. Which How is it vowel? _ pronounced? similar to English after the frontal consonants: tish-tooth, siz - you iinwords, such in between the frontal consonants: tikan - thorn as ill after the consonants k and g: kim - woho, sigir ~ cow in the initial position when preceding the frontal consonants: it ~ dog, ish - work abitshorter than __ after consonants q, g and x: qiz = girl, oxir - the end, English iin words og’iz ~ mouth dill, bill. similar to English at the end of a word: yozdi ~ he wrote, kuldi - he shortein words laughed When? Where? beg, get long, similar followed by the letter y: kiyik ~ deer, kiydi ~ he wore, to English ee in _tiyin ~ cent words creek, sleet. Which How is it vowel? pronounced? similar to English _ in the beginning of the word, followed by consonant iin words, such It: ehtiyoj ~ necessity, ehtimol - probability as ill. When? Where? similar to English _ in all other positions: sen - you, er ~ husband e in words such as, beg, get394 APPENDIXB Which How is it vowel? _ pronounced? somewhat similar _ when adjacent to frontal consonants, and consonants toEnglishain suchas k and g: aka ~ older brother, mana ~ here, gap ~ When? Where? words bat, dad. sentence, talk _ somewhat similar when following consonants such as q, g’ and q: qalam to the vowel = pencil, ga‘lati - weird sound in hot, but pronounced further back, and more open Which How is it vowel? _pronounced? somewhat similar when following consonants such as q, g and x: bog’ ~ to the vowel garden, g’oz ~ goose sound in hose, © _ butpronounced further back, and more open similar to English with all other consonants: ota - father, ona - mother, ain saw, all. somon - hay When? Where? Which How is it vowel? _ pronounced? somewhat similar when adjacent to consonants such as q, g’ and x: qush to the vowel = bird sound in book, U__ but pronounced further back, and high similar to English with all other consonants: tush ~ dream, kuz ~ autumn 00 in book, hood. similar to English _ when following the consonant v: suv - water, oo oruinwords — o'quvchi ~ student such as dude, boot. When? Where?Grammatical Summary 395 Which How is it Searels ‘Whent Wheater back, might when adjacent to consonants such as q, g’ and x: be difficult to go’sh - double, xo‘jayin - master, owner differentiate from Ovenae in some dialects when following consonants such as k and g: ko’z.~ becomes very _eye, ko’p - many, kok - blue close to Uzbek u. somewhat similar in all other positions: o’zbek - uzbek, to'rt - four to English flow, however, without the final w. 2. Some notes on Uzbek consonants This consonant is very rare in spoken Uzbek. Words that are F ‘used with this consonant are usually pronounced as p in spoken, colloquial Uzbek: fagat - pagat. “ This consonant is pronounced as the English w: vagt - wagt, varaq ~ vwarag. In spoken Uzbek, when preceding the consonants t and 4, it is pronounced as sh, Uchta kitob o’qidim. Ushita kitob o’gidim. D After voiceless consonants pronounced as t: ketdi - ketti. In certain dialects, especially in the Tashkent dialect, consonants hand x are not differentiated. Both consonants are pronounced similarly, as a harder version of h.396 APPENDIX B. Uzbek Grammar For detailed explanations of the grammatical points given below, check the “Diqgat, goidat” section of each chapter. 1, Personal pronouns Men -1 Biz -we Sen - you ‘Sizlar - you (plural) Siz - you (respect) Ular - they U-he/she/it 2. Personal predicate endings (Men) kasalman. (Gen) kasalsan. Giz) kasalsiz. U kasal. (Biz) kasalmiz. (Gizlar) kasalsizlar. Ular kasal (Men) shifokormanmi? (Gen) shifokormisan? iz) shifokormisiz? U shifokormi? (Biz) shifokormizmi? Gizlar) shifokormisizlar? Ular kasalmi(lar)? (Men) kasal emasman. (Gen) kasal emassan. (Siz) kasal emassiz U shifokor emas. (Biz) shifokor emasmiz. (Sizlar) kasal emassizlar. Ular shifokor emas(lar).. 3. Demonstrative pronouns u-that/that one (he/she/it); bu-this/ this one; shu-this (used for people/ objects already mentioned); o’sha-that (used for people/objects already mentioned), ‘mana-this, this one; mana bu-this one over here; ana-that one; ana u-that one over there, 4. Question words Kim-who, nima-what, qanday-what kind of, qaysi-which, qachon-when, qancha-how many, necha/nechta-how many. In writing, a hyphen is placed after the number instead of writing -nchi (-inchi). 19-sahifa: o'n fo'qgizinchi sahifa - page number 19 (lit: 19" page) 20-asr: yigirmanchi asr - twentieth century 6. Cases Nominative case: - no ending. Accusative case: -ni Genitive case: -ning Locative case: -da Dative case: -ga, -ka, -ga Ablative case: -danGrammatical Summary 397 7. Imperative Ishlamog-to work (Sen) ishlama! Do not work (you informal)! (Sen) ishla! Work (you informal)! (Siz) ishlamang! Do not work (you formal)! (Siz) ishlang! Work (you formal)! (Sizlar) ishlanglar! Work (you plural)! (Sizlar) ishlamanglar! Do not work (you pl.)! 8. Tenses Negative form: -add _ a, Present-future tense ‘may before the tense ¥ ending: Tense endings (after verbs ending in consonant) Universitetda o'gimayman. = boraman — 1 (wil Idon’t study at the cep) ease meta Ee Beecstel (sen)-a-san —_borasan ~ you (will) go Ingliz tilda gapirmaydi. | (ig) - csi borasiz - you (will) go He doesn’t speak English. |) gai Coradi «be esa RELIES ‘Adverbs used with this | (biz)-a-miz _boramiz - we will go tense: (sizlar) -a-sizlar_borasizlar - you (will) go To refer to the present tense: bugun-today; boradilar (borishadi)- they (will) go hozir-now; har kuni-every day; ba’zan-sometimes; hech qachon-never; doin- ‘Tense endings always; kamdan-kam- {after verbs ending in vowel) rarely (men) - y-man _ishilayman ~ I (will) work To refer to the future: (sen) - y-san ishlaysan ~ you (will) work ertaga-tomorrow; indinga- : sg Fi AR 2 ishlaysiz ~ you (will) work kelasi yil-next year; kelasi_ {(u) - y-di ishlaydi - he/she/it (will) work hhafia-next week; ..... (biz) -y-miz. _ishlaymiz - we (will) work kundan keyin-in days [(siztar) - y-sizlar_ishlaysizlar - you (will) work (ular) nai ishlaydilar (ishlashadi)- they (will) work b. Definite past tense Tense endings Negative form - add -ma (men) - dim bordim - 1 went pai? 2 aoe ending: ° . arsga bormadik. (sen) ding bording -youwent We didn’t go to class. (siz) - dingiz bordingiz- you went (uy) -di bordi-he/she/it went _ Adverbs: kecha-yesterday; ’tgan kuni-the day before (biz) - dik bordik = we went es eee terday; o’tgan hi Loy) Gizlar) - dingizlar _bordingiz~youwent Joa week, ie ees oy) (ular) -dilar(-ishdi) _ borishdi- they went598 APPENDIX c. Present continuous tense The following endings are added to the verb stem: (men) - yapman ishlayapman - lam working (sen) - yapsan ishlayapsan - you are working (Giz) - yapsiz ishlayapsiz~ you are working (a) -yapti ishlayapti - he/she/it is working (biz) - yapmiz ishlayapmiz - we are working (sizlar) - yapsizlar _ishlayapsizlar - you are working (ular) = yaptilar —ishlayaptilar- they are working Negative form: add -ma___ Note: turmog, yurmog, yotmoq and before the tense ending: _o'tirmoq are formed with ending ~ib: ‘Men wxlamayapmar. turibman - Lam standing Tam not sleeping. o'tiribdi - he is sitting yotibsan - you are lying yuribmiz - we are walking, 4. Indefinite past tense Negative form - add suffix -ma before the tense ending: U yerda bormaganman. Vhaven't been there. (men) -ganman ishlaganman - I've worked (sen) -gansan ishlagansan - you've worked (iz) -gansiz ishlagansiz~ you've worked (u) -gan ishlagan - he/she/it has worked (biz) -ganmiz ishlaganmiz ~ we've worked (cizlar) -gansizlar ishlagansizlar - you've worked (ular) -gantar ishlaganlar- they've worked e. Future tense of intention ‘Negative form is formed with word emas: Buishni gilmogchi emasman - I don’t want//intend to do that. (men) -mogchiman _islilamogchiman - lintend to work (sen) -mogchisan _ishlamogchisan - you intend to work (Giz) -mogchisiz __ishilamoqchisiz - you intend to work ishlamogchi ~ he/she/it intend to work (biz) -moqchimiz —_islilamoqchimiz ~ we intend to work Gizlar) -mogchisizlar — llamogchisiclar you intend to work (ular) -mogchilar _ishlamogchilar- they intend to work (u) -mogchiGrammatical Summary 389 9. Yes/No questions To form these kind of questions add the particle -mi to the stem of the conjugated verb or an adjective and a noun with a personal ending. Ketasizlarmi? Will you leave? _Talabami? Is he a student? Ko'ridingizmi? Did you see? _Chiroylimi? Is she pretty? 10. Plurality of nouns Kitob-abook _kitoblar-books _talaba~ student _ talabalar ~ students Note: When the plurality of a noun is presented by a number the suffix -lar is not used, instead the suffix ~ta is added to the end of the number. kitob - a book uchta kitob - three books (notice no -lar at the end of kitob) 11. Possessive The following suffixes are added to the end of a noun to express possession. nouns ending in consonant nouns ending in vowel kitob-book amaki-uncle (paternal) -im _kitobim-my book -m amakim-my uncle -ing _ kitobing-your book ong amaking-your uncle -ingiz kitobingiz-your book | -ngiz___amakingiz-your uncle «i kitobi-his/her book “si amakisi-his/her uncle -imiz kitobimiz-our book | -miz amakimiz-our uncle -ingiz kitobingiz-your book | -ngiz _ amakingiz-your uncle (pl) -lari__kitoblari-their book | -lari amakilari-their uncle 12. Verbal nouns Verbal nouns are formed by adding -si (to a verb stem ending in vowel), ~ish (to the verb stem ending in consonant). gapirmog - to speak gapirish - speaking o’gimog - to study _o’qish - studying400 APPENDIX 13. Expressing possibility, need Ketishim kerak. I need to leave. and obligation Ko’rishimiz shart. We must see. Kelishing shart, You must come. ‘apirishingiz shart. I must/have to talk Ufketishi kerak. He needs to leave. Kirishingiz shart. You must enter. Kirishlari mumkin. They may enter. When used with verbal nouns the words kerak- need, shart-must, mumkin-may have a meaning close to the English modal verbs need, must, and may. To form these sentences add ish (-sh) to the stem of the verb and then add a possessive ending. 14. Expressing ability ee en Pishira olmadi. He couldn't cook. Ishlay oladimi? Can she work? To express ability in Uzbek, add the suffix -a for a verb stem ending in a consonant and -y for a verb stem ending in a vowel, and then add the verb olmog. 15. Postpositions 1. Postpositions derived from nouns The nouns that these postpositions govern take genetive case endings. ich ich ~ inside; xalta ichida ~ inside the bag; xalta ichidan from inside the bag. ust ust - top, above: Kitobni javon ustidan oldim. 1 took it from the top of the shelf. Daraxt ustida nima qilyapsizlar? What are you doing in the tree (on top of the tree)? Daflaringizni stol ustiga qo’ying. Put your notebook on the table. tag. fag - under: It stol tagida yotibdi. The dog is (laying) under the table. O’sha daraxt tagiga borsang, topasan. If you go under that tree you'll find it. ora. ora ~ among: Orangizda ingliz tlini biladiganlar bormi? Is there any one among, you who speaks English? old old - front: Oldimda o’tiribdi. He is sitting in front of me. Issig choyni bolaning oldiga qo'ymang. Don't place hot tea in front of a child. orga orga - back: Teatr markaziy dorixonaning orqasida joylashgan. The theater is located behind the central drugstore. Orgamdan har xil gap tarqatib yuribdi. She spreads rumors behind my back. tomon_fomon - side: Chap tomoningizda o'tirgan yigit kim? Who is the guy sitting on your left (side)?Grammatical Summary 401 2. True postpositions a. The following postpositions require the preceding noun or pronoun to be in ablative case (suffix -dan) avval _ before: oldin —Faridadan avoal Karima xonaga kirib keldi. burun Farida entered the room before Karima. keyin after: song Darsdan keyin kutubxonaga boraman. Vl goto the library after the class. beri since, for: buyon Ikki kundan beri kasalman, I have been sick for two days. With the help of your instructor read the following letters of Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. Cyrillic PA In Uzbek Latin Cyrillic IPA In Uzbek Latin Aa aore Ce _ s 6 b Tr t t yy wore u op % f Xx ji x Tn ts tsors ua i ch ‘hm 5 sh z J 5405 APPENDIX @.... Uzbek letters look and sound somewhat like their English counterparts. See if you can read the following letters. A E KM fc T .O 3 Cee ee er a ‘A. a Like ain farer. Ee Inthe beginning of a word sounds like ye asin yes, and in the middle of a word is © pronounced like e as in bell. K K Like & in cat and skit. Uzbek k is not aspirated, i.e, pronounced without breath. C c Likes and never like k T Like sin sank. To pronounce Uzbek # properly try to place your tongue against your teeth. O © Always pronounced o and never a. 3 3. Like in zoo, zero. 2-mauns. ( 2Read the following words in which these sounds occur.Cyfillc Reader 407 Dies at the following Cyrillic letters; some of them look like Greek letters, such as gamma, delta, lambda, ete. You might recognize most of them from their use in mathematics or geometry. ae ‘ raanrepox. SS E Like fin factor phone. T Like g in great and never like /like in judge. J Like din day. JT Like fin let TL Like p in pie. P_ Pronounced stronger than English r. © x Like ch as in Bach and never like English.x as in text, 3-mamnk, 4 Read the following cognates in which these letters occur. -H + ee spotoannapar at408 APPENDIX 4-maunx, (> Now try to read the following Uzbek words where these letters are used. © Now read these Cyrillic letters that ook like English letters but sound completely different. Like v in very (find out more about how this sound is pronounced from Chapter 1 of your textbook). H___Like n in never, but placing your tongue against your upper teeth. Like w in put, < S-maumx. &, >» Read the following cognates in which these letters are used.Cyrillic Reader 409 6-maunx. \>* Read the following geographical names where the letters you leamed are used. @... following letters sound very much like English letters but look different. Like y in boy oF clay. Like ch in chase. Like sh in shop. Esme ko410 APPENDIXC d 8-maunc. (>> Read the following cognates in which these letters are use = 3 3 Anuwep Hasouii teatp Baumurron Towner Tlounon Mocxna Tlexun Toxno Acroua Bumeex AyuranbeCyrillic Reader 411 ®... are three so called “yotacized” vowels. These letters stand for a sequence of two sounds (ii and a vowel sound). In the Uzbek Latin alphabet these sounds ‘occur as a combination of two letters. (ite) Doesn’thavea direct comespondence in English. In Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by yo, as in guyon, yosh. 10 (iso) Lik yin youth, use: in Uabek Latin alphabet represented by yu, asin buy, AA(ji+0) Like ya; in Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by ya, as in yakshanba, 10-maunx. §, >» Read the following the Uzbek words where these letters are used. em ~ young saxitianGa ~ Sunday ropax — heart eu —side urn —new Gyiox— great xyéx — rabbit ssp Mi a: Orae is another vowel sound of Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. 3 Occurs only in the beginning of words, pronounced as ¢ in bell. opkak ~ men ouax ~ sifter opkun — free42 APPENDIX op — husband in. is a consonant that does not occur originally in Uzbek words. Itis pronounced as ts and occurs only in Russian loan words. In the Uzbek Latin Alphabet represented as 1s between two vowels UM andas s in the beginning of the word or after another consonant. Ll-mamnx, (>> Read the following words where these letters are used. px souann SI bates crc ~ TowkeHT uMpKH @... are sounds that are specific to the Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet (they do not occur in the Russian alphabet). Some of them also do not correspond to any English sound. Like ow in boat, in Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by 0 No correspondence in English; in Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by g. No correspondence in English; in Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by g Like h in humid; in Uzbek Latin alphabet represented by hh namCyrillic Reader 413 12-maunx, > Read the following geographical names located in Uzbekistan. Soft sign. It occurs only in Russian loan words, where it makes the preceding consonant soft and palatal (rather as if itis followed by y). This sound is not represented in the Uzbek Latin alphabet, Glottal stop sign, used either in loan Russian words or in Arabic words. Ps i the Uzbek Latin alphabet it is represented by an apostrophe. 13-mamnx. {=> Read the following words. ampGom - album Kanbunit - calcium —Kursa— continent esp —poem414 APPENDIXC Activities 14-mamnx. \>> With all the letters you have leamed, try to read the following words with the help of your instructor. First read the letters, then the words. 15-mamnk, Look at the national flags below and write the name of the country correctly in both alphabets. ‘The letters are scrambled. YPRTKWA C B.A, H, UH, 4 B,E, ¥,3, 1, K,0,H,T,C TMAH, JL, —_—_—_— AH AKAD A, O, PLE, K Yas &Cyrillic Render 415 16-maus. —y/ Match the city with the country. Baumartow Tapio Bepamr Towxon Mocxsa HeraxGys. Tounent Toxo ——— 1-maun. resepor apromoGii1 Moxa JIusa Muxpocodr Amepuxa — 18-mamn. 7 Auris Tepmanna pannus Awepuxa Kuma Lraraapa Ya6exucron Typens ‘Anon Pocus Match the object and the name that is associated with it. Teup dopa Teowapao Ja Bran Bus Feitre Tpexem Beat Xpucrosbop Koayn6 Now that you know how to read in Cyrillic, try to write in it. Categorize the countries at the top of the next page according to the continent. Menanua, Aprentuna, Awkup, Xunaucton, Snonna, Bpaswins, Bylox Bpuranus, Manaitsua, Xuroii, Kanaza, 3anGus, Tlanawa, 3umGa6se, Mexeuxa, Hopryranua, Boneruast, KyGa, Hoxueron Adppuxa Amepuica SEs Ese416 APPENDIXC 19-maunx. 5+ Here is a map of Asia. Read the country names with your instructor. 20-maun. — /' Look atthe list of people's names and categorize them according to their field of profession. Pem6pant, Diimmreiim, Tom Kpy3, Yapan Yanan, Mouaprt, Cram, lmkacco, ‘Manzest, Hoioron, Xpuerodop Korym6 fe laa The following cognates sound the same and are almost spelled the same in Uzbek and English. Now try to write them in Cyrillic: Movie Stars koka-kola video audioCyrillic Reader 417 ui. (2% Here are the names of some famous writers, poets, and scientists. Try to read their names and the short information about each of them. A AGaynza Kommputit Byns Aamurep Hapouii S3yBun, THIYHOC Ba oMpa Ba TapXHMOH ioup, myradaxkup seaamaes 3a Jastar apGoou. f » . ‘Mupso Vayr6ex. Hosmpa r aiinacyip, ons, toupa ba xanaar ap6o6n pesos eyo, woMp a acTpatiom a Marewarink ny6mmngtet418 APPENDIXC Cursivescript Uzbeks do not print when writing by hand, either in Latin or Cyrillic script. As there are some differences between cursive (and italic) letters and printed ones, you must learn to read and write the cursive script. Cyrillic Aa B6 BB ir Tx Ee Be Ko 33 Italic Aa Be Be Ho Ee An Oo Cursive ba BE BE Ee Gn Ten Handwriting hints Upper case A is not written as a Notice that lowercase - is not short. Lowercase / is also tall. Notice that zis rounded, do not confuse it with «- ch. Lowercase g resembles English g. Do not confuse them, sand 9 look very similar, But notice that the lowercase s always has a hook and 9 doesn’t. Terminate the letter u in the base line, Avoid writing it as English U. Lower case x, is short, and not tall as English k. This letter begins with a hook. Also begins with a hook, do not confuse with English m as this will give you a lowercase m (tr) and not . Do not confuse with 1 (a) Do not confuse with 1 (i)Pp Tr yy Op Ty iu Fr Pp Cc Tm vy Dp Hy Mw Fe LY x Yim Dp Br Uy Ubue Cyrillic Reader 419 Do not confuse with a«. In handwriting you can place a horizontal line above the lowercase 7s Do not confuse with lowercase « (t) Terminates in baseline. Avoid writing it as English 17, In handwriting you can place a horizontal line below Words do not start with this letter, so there is no uppercase version of it. Avoid writing it as lowercase & Words do not start with this letter, so there is no uppercase version of it. Do not confuse with 3. Begins with a hook. Do not forget to place a line above Hx Otherwise it will be the same as letter %. Do not forget to finish this letter with a short hook. Otherwise it will be the same as the letter 4 This letter is written as .% but with a short line in the middle 7 Do not forget to finish this letter with a short hook. Otherwise it will be the same as the letter “2°420. APPENDIXC 23-maun. You have already seen the following words in earlier activities. Now practice writing them in cursive. Make sure you follow the hints given on the previous page. Sceca0 Came oap FY sti aed srccrinf aleyon vpadlai ______——fpecaypp POP arent coves cancepen paccnofim Mecrles Bruanere Spcuiipile Drrtems Hijwn Caaeggrrgg Papers Fevegy lon Siu That Mantis, Habeas usocyp: npmcgronrcegs Ca gab cas poles, \ a emcees Hegapa (Tous), weypa bagataan opicke 25 eeCyriltic Reader 421 Agus Slecnaude tgybra ba gprauamype \ Pina Tricia mong ame Ory Uepprygganch guia managre ba rgpemnarn. Sees 24-mamnx, Here are several handwritten sentences. Try to read them; if you have any problems consult your instructor. In the provided space write several sentences in cursive Cyrillic. TPorara. conch fa wensign stenim futepine Kasse, Hina conn Jae Faye Spear omaeiars-pOMODEDOVO, "ABUAYHMTASIAP Towxexm - Mockea - TowkeHm Camapkana - Mockea - CamapKakHa Wyworedes, POCCH, MAX a AYHE BYAMAB! Pes rteremeenenn ny Ten: 8(3662) 21 12.00 | XABOCHUS3JINK, MWOHYIMSINK, KYJIAWJIMK! Tarapvu Kysacn, 84-yit. Co6uk “AHAXUT” AYKOHH ten: 8(3662) 34 4101 ene ‘Ann Kywan xyyacn, B-yit 1. Find the names of some cities and countries. 2. What is advertised? 3. Can you guess where the company's office is located? 4. What street are they on? 5. What do you think the last three words mean? 2estamn. {I i mn, ! threes ide pe ye ad. Write it either in cursive or print, its price, and contact information for the ais ‘company,Somaums. «> 1. By anaaii 29Kon? a. rYurr a¥xoun; b. zopHxona; ©. KuTO6 aYKoHN; 4. osink-opkar A¥KoHH. 2. By aVxora Kartait maxcyzotaap commas? dean. o> Cyrillic Reader 423 Read the ad below and answer the questions. -XMCOB BA Huy AaoTaPnapy YB BA Kaiianap yuyy KOFORNAP, EROKHOTnAP “TAKAMOHOMA BA TABPMKHOMAnAp Look at the following business cards and scan the information written on them. Answer the questions that follow. ‘ HozaHiin 6erHM carton iaxroxon Amnon. f ‘Caprapow. Owinas Ten: 145 76 53 rar neaen 12 185 03.47 Townenr, ae — Ten: 13205 67 y 167 11 zi (Q"B2x00" pecropany Haeow ac ~ 30 Waskar Tonvnos TowxKexT Waxap LUncboxovacn | Ten: 145 74 69 onc: 145 87 94 ji, 3unona tOcynosa Oe eppex = Ten: 157 67 81 Linen pnd 14572 14 2exagar 18 nome424 APPENDIXC 1, Aammep Habnen xuw? 2. Yauur wropacn xaepaa? 3. Oumasnaar mestn suna? 4. Pectopan xaiten KYata 2xolixamran? 5. Kappoxnuur wropac wevawant xaparaa? 6. Waxio kum? ‘S-maunx, ~/ Choose any profession you like and make a business card for yourself. Include ‘your name, address, telephone number and business hours. Then introduce yourself to your classmate.Cyrillic Reader 425 Seman /, Scan the text and answer the questions. TaGuar sparau!l Bua reaépranan! Mownop "23 aona paxersoaann, Marrs"Cenonne negara Ny KOBYpraNapHres - Kohwaw aapoxac, aoe 152 fens: Toe 2S poke 5. tpOrwaie wiaou “Coxon Hosaarundacs co 1. By Kantaii taom? 2, Kania kaprouixa Kepak? 3. Kanaait rfmrr xepax? 4, Kana cys Kepax? 5. By TaoM neva coar kaiinareran?426 APPENDIXC Temaun. (=> % Skim the text (you do not need to understand every word), and answer the questions that follow. ee 2003/2004 Sxye tiuau ynyn cynayarn Gynnes Gaxananpmarmumer xysinsern ASwanmunapr Jmirmeta puenanornmern onan punonorimcn: Metin Stenomnarsomen: ‘Saanays Siena mown myraxaccnonne Soars gumanorencn Menmne @oencmorenet: Podsepenn-rapaconecne ocr cwonnapa run opmmana,! aneyor oruyprnaanaay 1. By kanaait Yirmmeperer? 2. By Yannepenrena xartaail dbaxynteraap Gop? 3. Yunnepeurer kaiien KYasa woftanrant? 4, Hesra oto xepax? 5. Hinmuxon xavon OFaaan? S-mauns. \=* / Imagine you are opening a university in Uzbekistan or elsewhere in Central Asia. Make a brochure advertising the classes and opportunities for students. TalkCyrillic Reader 427 Section 3: Additional Reading Texts _ Bupwan MatTH 1-mamix. Study the key words used in this passage. Most of them should already be familiar from the texts you read in the textbook, however, there are some new ones too. Note the spelling of these words in Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet Fina in, pertaining to 6y¥aum department, section axa representative ‘WAXOH world 3ABK oaoK to enjoy, to take pleasure MaKcayl aim, objective Mautsapa scenery, view ystros classical si sain -rapacwsanxoa autobiography, biographic sketch mpeamer object ‘TabiM: = PupomanMox Yo develop yayanm onwox to study Gchool, university) €AG0K GepMoK to teach ed a cepnman favorite ryan amuotox © dvelop (eaters lan) TABANAYA TONMOK to be bon aymant = ‘TaxGupxop businessman rydpaitan ei = teacher to feel inspired, to be filled with xapae KHIMOK enthusiasm xoewt harvest maxoaaraoma ——_ certificate, diploma my Guaan Gupra atthe same time, also saparmox to create, to develop aunt myself yxyn fini academic year sxMIHTANMOK to improve28 APPENDIX mam.” Complete the activities. A. Match the vocabulary words on the left with the definitions on the right, rapes uBOKLTAHMOK Mynro3 JIexKOH ‘apasHMalt XO HOM saMonapitt OVawaran mlaxcHHHr XABTH, onIacH, TaBTHM XakHLIa EswUTaUraH o¥epK ‘ranaOanap, YkyBsiulap yayH KiTOO axe &xu mpeamerra Gepitran Hem apea 8kn XOAMCAMMAY sXMLTaHHUN srastasia 9k 9KaIMITaR axe B. Sort the following words into the appropriate category. OWA. TABIMM akra6, OHa, AApCaINK, FRHTYBYH, OTA, KyTYGXOHA, CHHIHA, YKA, ape, GyBH, ‘Tanaddyc, YxyBI, PRIMITA KHPMOK, TYPMYLITa 'IIKMOK, OHTHPMOK, UiaXONaTHOMa, ‘axpauimoK, curia0ur, 6ax0, ca60K GepMoK, yeTosCyrltic Reader 429 C. In Uzbek, write definitions for the following words. TaxGupKOP caGox Gepwox, 2xaXOHL yemrysaa yeroa 6axo BK oaIMOK, 3-mauns, ae /- Read the following key words and sentences that are used in the text. Can you guess what this passage is about? Write down your ideas, then discuss them with the class. ona Tomxentaa TyrHIraHMan. ora Yeurysun O¥an6 umaaiiman. cuurm1 —-Yaunepenrerza tabaum ona.490 APPENDIXC 4-maurx. \>* Read the text. Mex, Axsexosa Howna, 1978-ivr 4-anpapaa Touikenr miaxpitta TaBasUIyi-TOHranMaH. ‘Oram Axwezon Yaapxou — exkor-pepmep. Ona Axeztona Myxuipa — yi Gexacnaap. Cur Axmesona Yseuta ~ Tourkert Jlanviat Maanustr MHCTHTYTIULA cabox Oepain Ba acpartypaiia Tab/HM ONaIH ‘Yau 1984—1994-jimprapaa Tomer maxap MupoGon tywaxnnarn 125-Ypra. ‘Maxta6aa, 1994~1996-fmemapza Tourer nemarornxa Komexata, 1998~2003-fmapza ‘Tommenr Jantar nenarorika yHuBepenrermincur dbustontoris (baKyorreTHsIa Tabs OM. Byryura xyna Tomer maxpusiarn 266-makraGaa ona THK pa anaGnér ¢pannan zape Gepamvan. Ly Guan Supra Hysol Homngarn Tourkent Jlasnar Tlenarormka yrieepcnterHHnr Marnctpatypa GYauMuza ¥3Gex THAN iyHasHIIH G¥iinva 2-kypeaa Ykusmscan, 2Kaxon anaGuemu, Myo anaGner Ba XosuprH saMon YsGex anaGwerH BAKHULIApHNET acaprapan cesn6 YxuiiMan. ‘Cesium panrin-ok. TaGuaramar rsa Maxsaparaprstan 346K OSI sx ¥paman. ‘Yeroaapumaan 3yacua ona Oxuaona, Ykram ona Xanwona, Ogu aka Manaes, ‘Masuua ona Axpanosasapra xapac kuaaau. Uy tydaiia xan xuTypun OFarait GYacam Kepak. 2004-umunur asrycr oftrapysia UNDP «School Goes Digital>air Ty anna ‘osmiran «Kommorep-ax6opor TexHOuOrHsIapHHH TabsMM THSHMHTa KOpHit THU KYPCHDAa Yau. Kenaxansia ¥sGeKuicTou MakraGnapwiia KOMITOTeD THSHMHHEt PHBOACIAHTHDHLL, ex Tiumtiifnmammum G¥orma seswa-aapenaprnst TysNG surKIM, sTeKTpOH AapeMHKIap ‘sparimun Ys oszunsra Maxcan KIUIH6 KYitraHMaH, Sam. / Answer the questions. Rviaudacuraprune gaiicu 6upu Houra xaxuda? 4. aKACHHHHY owacn 6wiaH suman 6. onsaza énrus hapsania ©. onnacH TYpr kmumzaH HGopar 2. owtacn Gem kuna n6opat —— Kyitwoacunapmune raiicu 6upu mamuda Bepuasiacan? ‘a, Honianuar ontacn xosmprit nakrita yii Gexacu. 6. Homsanuur cumrancn typMynira sHKKAn ‘¢, Honmanmur oracu dbepmep 6YainG muniaiiz aa, Hontanmar cmsrimen acrimpasr.Cyrillic Reader 431 Hounanune xacou numa? & Yabex tim na anaGuer Saurryssucn 6. maxraGua auperrop 6¥m6 1 wai ©. paxrierva muens A. yaupepenreraa nape Gepan 3ynqbuer ona Oxuroea Houraca xu Gfnadu? 8, Y30K KapmniOUHt 6. cunidpaomit wa ayronact ¢. 3aiitia6 Onii08a Homstara nape Geprat. SL Honuta 3avina6 Onrerona Guurast Grrra maxaiaaa kara G¥aran. Kyiludaewrapnune kaitcu Gupu mamnda Gepuamacan? a, aaGérHet axumn Ky/pasit 6. Kenarxakza SiteKTpOH AapcaMKap aparMoKAHt ©. YeTosnapmnn ayaa Xypmar KHtaNH A TyPAN XH TaoMTap Taliépramnn ax x¥pai 6-mamx, (Each sentence describes a main event in the text. Place them in the order they occurred. __-Yanpepenterusnr ustonorua haxysrreram Gurapau., | ___ ¥pra maxraGra Gopan. | * / Read the following sentences from the passage once more and check the answer that summarizes them best. Tacogueuu kapant, KermMoiiMATHS Xam mmoxop. Mana my MaXaaaaaarn noamkIMNAKata Gonasap mupoKopH OY.anG muaaiian, a. Kapun axanmur xorauit Goxastap micboxopy 6¥anG uuutalin. 6. Capropainar xorint Gonastap unboxopu 6Y.m16 mural. ¢. Kapa axannir kena uniboxop Onn maiz. a. Maxasuraarn Govtastap noaUKIMHHKacira rH MLIKpOKOP KepAK. Vays imannn tyrarn6 osmmenn, xeitnn sur MaxraGra Yrkasames. Ly arpoduarm maicraGirapun stxmin 1e6 SUNT. a. Capaop sHrit Maxauiana xoltiauiran MakraGaapen axinn ae6 Yitratian, my cabaGan, hapsanuapnnn my epaarn waxraGuapHnnr Gupara | FreasMoKen. 6. Capaop apsanaTapinit stiri waxtaGra Gepuumun ueransalian. | Oxrenagarn maxraGra Gopmmutapuen xoxtaiian. ¢. Capaopiiur apsaivlapi Xoaupri BaKTaa BHT MaxasIaNarH axraGntapauar Gupura Gopuuran. Capsop yaapan Oxrenaarn MakraGra YrKaaMoxs. a. Capaop (bap2aiuuiapuni sir magraGra Yrkasiunin xowrallat, eK Gy maxanagaru axraGuap xaxwua canGuil ukpaa.438 APPENDIXC | Capaop6ex, keamur, yiira kupunr! Keannoiimarns Honyurra: _aiilépaammrrn, Gup maa soit .. | a. Kapuat axa Capaopin Gup muéna voiira Taxa KiLaH. 6. Kapu aka Capaop wa yar XoTHMiH HoMyurTara Taku) KHALU. cc. Kapunt axammar xoriit Capaopri volira raxsund) Kian. J. Capaop Kapue axanu Gup miéna woiira Taxm) KiLIAH. 7-mauix. Imagine you just moved into an Uzbek mahalla and are getting acquainted with your neighbor. How would you answer the questions asked below? 1, He, axummnens, anrn xYunH? 2. Sum KYn6 Keagmurusuan? Kavon KyanG Kenawurns? 3. Kaepaan xjsn6 kenmmuri? 4, Onnannsmens? Onnanrns Guan xyan6 KeamsneriesscH?Citic neter 99 Yunnan mata 1-mamx, Study the key words used in this passage, Most of them should already be familiar from the texts you read in the textbook, h ew ones too. Note the spelling of these words no there are some nillic alphabet. 306 eKMoK to suffer apr leaf Gucrmmap 90m they used to know ... Gyryn ayné all the world, all around the world aeurusan sailor wou ann Ouran with pleasure sapap ‘harm wxapara GepMox to lease wurraxa appetite xcamnpuérsur discoverer eAMG HHKMOK 10 originate, to start eaTMpHG HKapMOK to create Monta ‘element (chem.) ‘Orpmk Kosaupaauran opm pain reliever capoii palace ona tuberculosis emarnaa as, in the content of vaMannt tobacco ‘TapKaamon to be spread dena verb (gram) xuoMar service xucaat feature, characteristics XA KHIMOK to present, to give a gi maxcan personally, in person oom ambassador Yeumame plant, herb a6yar KHAIMOK, to accept apa against warri, strong kupoamsa queen aE continent440 APPENDIXC 2-mamx. / Complete the activities. A. Look at the words below. What are some other words you know that would go with them? Provide at least 3 for each word. Follow the model. Hamyna: Honyurra - xofpe, 9prasa6, yiiroumox Gapr aeurusat kamnpuerst opi. raMaxi, Kupoansa Kurba Match the words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. acp medicine oxnp time Youmamk appetite Gapr tuberculosis baxr end Maxeyaor service cna leaf cjur sift sop century xapMar plant, herb copra after murraxa productCyrillic Render 441 4-mamt, Read the names of famous people from history. Next to each name write down in Uzbek who they were (writer, artist, discoverer, etc). S-mauix, In Uzbek, write definitions for the following words. waapara GepMox capoit Youn sapap 8306 seKMOK murraxa § : 6-mann. ©, The text you are about to read is about the history of tobacco. Before reading it, consider the following question. Then jot down a few ideas in Uzbek. Tamaxn Tapuxn xaxuja HuMastapHH Guslacn3? - z ~® se482 APPENDIXC ‘Tema. (> Read the text. ‘Tamaku Tapa Tanaxn Amepuxa kireacnitaH xeanG wnxxax. Yan Esporara XV acp oxupicia aneurin wa kamepnéran Xpuctodop Konym6 om6 kupran. 1560-itu1a JinccaGon capoiinaa paris onsen Kant Hino (“HunoTsnN” CY YEO NeNMaH omHHraH) TANAKA Gaprrapmmm pana kupomrac Exarepana Meanra xaqa Kia. Onasorap Ya ‘BaKTaa TaMAKHEHKE Gon OrpHFHEN KosLAMpamTaRL AOPH cHchaTHtAa GAMA 9a. Karri Gout orpurnutart a306 sexx kHpomitsa Conran 20H su Grszan KaGya Kowa, Hlytwan cfr 6y Fommunn panna 6Yiiza6 rapKanas. S-wamk, / Answer the questions. Mamuca wpa, 16-acpda mawanu sat @ cu, sn rep nance en OH onan? 6. Gom orpurura xapum nop a ©. tmrraxait ox yay uanaauran xopu 4, Cou orparin xentupu6 sukapyssn Maxcynor ee i itudaeu dpenerapmuneraticu Gupu xaaa Kuamor persion cunoni Gna owaiiou? a. range at 6. conra kia ¢. waxapara Gepalttt a, Gepaat Kyiudacuraprane naiieu Ke eens Rae Gap Kan Huo samuda epuacon stoma a. Xpucrosbop Kozym6 Gun 6. L6-aeper sosinanpna nceabon copie ©. TAMAKH TapKHOngarH H Capoiinaa O¥aran ATH Mowara yauT How Gepriarans omincn 6¥1n6 xu3Mar ii My aMyxuH? ‘Maman gavicn sassy mfndupunu 6a agom smmupuat My i wena Mesut Kays KHATAH KOMYTUIAP Ba ynapHHIAT AKAM, 6. Lé-acpa TuceaSona Tanaxn GitaH CaRH0 KH-TYBHM KOPNOHATAP, ¢. Anxoront TapkHGH.larH sapapait MOTTA. fo, Tamaxnnnnr Gytyn Ayné 6yii1a6 TapKasiunt.Cyrillic Render 443 S-mautk, “/ First read this short passage about the history of tea. Then fill in the blanks with appropriate words, Use the text as a model, Kaxea Adpuxa xursacuan, anuxporu, S¢uomuiast » Cannorapaap kaxsann Dpnonnanan Ba ApaGiicronmmr Moxko ApaGuctoura moptuzan Esponara Ayuénarn Gupmein Kaxpaxona 1564-iiwuxa Heran6ynza, ‘Taxman GHp Keli, tH 1652 Hinata Jlonzonna Ba Taproxga 10-nam. G&, Do some research and write a short paragraph about one of the following products. Use the text above as an example. Yoit rapuxn Asromo6w1 rapuxi Mnax tapuxn444 APPENDIX TYpruH4n MaTH I-maurx, Study the key words used in this passage. Most of them should already be familiar from the texts you read in the textbook, however, there are some new ones too. Note the spelling of these words in Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. apxeoaiormc Kasmmnactap archeological digs aiitanmok (~ra) to turn (into) Gapno 6¥amoK to bring about; to found, to establish Gup neva several, a number of Syrynait completely, absolutely 6y10w article, goods aaep period masnonat GepmMoK to prove, to be the evidence of wapBosa gate aactaagan original, first XOKHMUSIT government man6a source yaodaa defense ccarcrammox to be kept, to be preserved Femox to grow, to increase aapnosa gate kat key axa district xoxum ‘governer; ruler ane hae a aera ‘shows that it is more than... * Youurus xaxnurnata Gupo3. ‘Would you mind telling us a little ranupn6 6epcanrns. about yourself? 2-maux, // Complete the activities, A. In each line, circle the word that doesn’t fit with the others. SwWIOMT, maxap, KMULTOK, aenop cp, Gup, fin, xyn uumMon, mapx, yer, rap6 Sytow, rapux, cngear, uxruconCuniltic Reader 445 B. Match the words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. acp apeas asp ana xjumm KopxoHa axomt XOKMMUST Mysodaa ycrakiu cano cantoar C. Match the word with its definition. 103 maak BaKt trade ‘manufacture army source industry center population capital defense railroad independent period government goods century maxap &xiXoBMUIapHNTAT KupHM xKOi-TapHra KYpHsIANTAR KarTa SIH napsosa AyuIMaet XYAYMUIAH XIAMOSMAHIT acj P swauuizap, napeanap aTioxka sour &xu BOKeaHHHT OxHprH KYpeaTKHHE Gyiow mynoppaa Ypyut manner sms acp waxap asp 3-mamx. “You are about to read a passage in Uzbek. Look at a few key words given below. Can you guess what this passage is about? ‘a. TapHX 6. cuécat c. TaBAHM a. Taba inane446 APPENDIXC. 4-maunx, \y>* Read the passage. Awsctop: Accaromy aratixy Asus axa, cmyduscusca xyu Kenubcus! Asus axa: Baaaitxys accasom, Takin) KATA yuyH Karta paxwar! Awictop: Asus axa, Touxeum waypu maprccn xaxuoa Gupos eanupub Bepcancus. Asus axa: Tourxertt Mapxasnit Ocuéaarn 9Hr KasuMrat maxaprapaas OHH 9KARLAHTH Xe xara cap avac. Ilaxap arpodpista onm6 Gopmarart apxeamtorax Kasimnartap Havioxaciia TomeTraH Gytoncap maxapeerr écmt 2000 fiveas opr. kaHUMHTHaH sawtomaT Gepastt. Awcrop: Kandait Gyiowap? Asus axaz Conon waimuviap, 6porsa olita, Xap XH TaHrasiap. Auictop: By Grawsap Kaepda cargranadu? Asus axa: YaGexncton Jlassar Tapax Myseiinua. Amictop: Asus axa, Gansu maprecuit xumoGnapda Towenm — mypm nowrap, macaran, Mow, Bunkam ea Gowxa nowrap Guran ropumnuadu. Asics axa: Xa, waxapamer jactraGKH HoMH anmigianMaraH, sexi 5-9 acprapza Hox, Mout, Brsnkar wa Tapsar 266 arasran. Awicrop: Hevaw: acpdan Towenm de6 amara Gownaean? Anne ava: bepynuii pa Kourapuii acapnapivza xaiia srammmnea, maxap 11-aepaant ‘Touxerrr x06 arasran. Tyusrop: Touxenm daxarapu 6a dapeosarapu xasuda 2anupub Gepeanens. Asus ava: Touxentr 18-acp Yprasiapiuia 1Ypr axa, sunt Cebsop, Kiera, Beuréro4 2a Laiixorrroxyp aaxarapura Gysumrant, Jaxatapritur’ xap Gupanut MycraKiut xoxiint Goukapras. By asp Tapaxaa “TYpr xoxunemx” sefnutrat, laxap Myaodaa aewopu OuwiaH Yparan. Auncrop: ... 6a wayap dapsosnapu Gjnean. Tyepunu? ‘Aun axa: Xa, Yura saxrstapaa Touesrrancar 12 aapsosacn 6Ynran. Aucrop: By dapsosarap yam xa Gopwu? Ane ava: Adeyexs, zapposanap 1890-iinaa Gysn6 ramunantrar, eKHH sapsosanapenir amTTnapit XosuprH Kynrava cakcrann6 Konran. Yaap 1933-inarava Canter Threp6yprinmr Cynopon Xapouti Myseiiua carcrantrant, 1933-fivwuta 9¢a ‘VaGexnctoura kaitrapuaran. Xosupra paxtaa yaap Y36exncton Jannat Tapux Myseiuda casranadu.Cyrillic Reader 447 S-manme, Answer the questions. 6. conon wasu.zap c. 6pousa oiiHa 2 ori KoMmEKIap = ru mwa tea? Haxapuune dacmia6xu 10m’ y a, Banat TPT XoxuM ToworaH Gouskapiaran. 4% Touent 1px Kucara 6Ssuuran na r¥pr aepop Grnan Ypaaran ee can? Townenm dapeoranapunne cont _ 62a a. Yura 6. ynysra , Ya Typrra a Yu uKxuTa Kyitudazurapuune xaticu Gupu Townenm calimurzan canrapea myepu reanatiou? a. 1933-Hnaga Ys6exuctonra xaitrapuaran 6. 1933-finaraya Cypopos xapGuii Myseiiia caxtanran ©. kameaap oman acanran AXo3uprH Bakraa My3eiina caxnanamn Oapeosanapmune Katumaapu xaxuda448 APPENDIXC 6-mamx, Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false 1. Apxeouornk KasimiMasiap Harinxacrita TormtraH GyroMttap Mysefiza carcrantat. 2. 18-acpaa Tomkent maxpit taxarapra Gymmratt, 3. Ce6sop, KYxua, Beustrou sa Maiixonroxyp — 18-acpaa smaran Tomes XOKHAGLapHHHHI HEMI, 4, Tomer zapsosasapy Gy3n6 tamnanran. 5. Touxeirr xapaosasapuaunr kamrmaps xoampri kakrza Tomes Jansar ‘Miouit Yunwepcurernaa caxmanamn. T-mamx. /» Imagine you have been interviewed by an Uzbek radio show about your home city. How would you answer these questions? Use the text as an example. 1. Accaniomy anaiixym, crysimersra xyur Kemm6crs! 2. Vanurus xaxnurisia Gupos ranupuG Gepcanrns. Kaepaancus? 3, Ya6ex Twotmim xaepza Ypranrantcns? Hesa finan Gepu ¥36ex TaN Ypranaci? 4, YaGex Tuna axyaa sx rammpap oKaKicHat $.axpairis. xarauia ranmpu6 Gepeanrs, [axaprnuirie Karras? ‘Kycnkapra xxoiitap Gopyat?Cyl Renter 49 Bewmuyyu MaTH 1-mammx. Study the key words used in this passage. Most of them should already be familiar from the texts you read in the textbook, however, there are some new ones too. Note the spelling of these words in Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. axoamt ‘population; inhabitants “aan TauikapH pests Wirripox pecnyGauxasapu Soviet states wurrHpox participation ox scientists oprm more than, exceeding coOuK, post, ex. AMOK. to speak, to converse amt ‘TonMoK ‘0 be formed, to be organized “raUIKIL 9TMOK to consist of ypye tribe, clan xan nation, people ser 3a foreign, abroad maKaaaNMoK to form, to develop KH close xyava territory 2-mamx. Complete the activities. A. Look at the words below. What are some other words you know that would go with them? Provide at least 3 for each word. Follow the model. Namuna: Houyurra - xowpe, spraa6, yiironmoK axomt xyaya, xaak efartamox om Y3Gex Tan450 APPENDIX B. Match the words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. axoumt outa xan xan c¥saamoK KUpMOK, ru co6uK sku oom ‘TaAMIKHA 9TMOK nation to converse x also family to consist of scientists population to enter language close 3-maunk, You are about to read a text about the Uzbek language and its origins. Before reading the text, jot down some of the things you know about Uzbek. Consider the questions below. ‘Va6ex TH kaiicH AaBAaTHMHT pacnMii AaBnar THM XHCOGTAHATH? ‘VsGex THmH2a wkoN KHUIrAH WOHp Ba ésyBsHUIapHH GHTacHsMH? Kaiicst Tasinap Y3Gex Tura aKHH?Crile Reader 451 4-mauix. \\=* Read the passage. ‘YoGex Tum TypKuit rHuutap onacura xupamu, By THuura e¥/snowaH aos 20 iuumonaant opruk 626, Y36exucron PecnyGamkacn xyaymuia suai. $ MiLMOHLIAN oprak YaGeKaap 4et ssurapata (Acproaucron, Foxncrox, Typkus, Cayans ApaGucton Ba ‘coGuk Hiricbox pecnyGuxastapuita) suraiinn, it ‘Typxnti trap omnacura, ¥36ex THsmaK TauKapn, TypK (TypKus), yiiryp QGrrofismar Léx-Kamirap sictosri), Ko30k, KuUpFi3, osapOaibKox, Tarap, GouIKHpAL, KYMmnk Ka6it THULTap Xam Kupaga. Typxtit xamkrapHHnr comm 70ra, axomcH 9a 200 ‘CLIHOHTa sx. By typxuii xamiiap ya rypyxra OVueaan: kaprykap, KuMMoKap, ¥rysnap. Ya6er ‘THOT ACOH KapsTyK YPYFH Fypy AIA RUPLI. Bans omutap YaGex xan maksLranmunta 92-TypKHil ypyrAMH HuTAPOK orraniin K¥peann6 Framuap. By ypyriapHHiir acocuii KHeMuHH Kapalyk ypyrtapHt ‘raunaur Sram, ByHait raurkapa, YaGex xankunnnr Taunxwur rorumnua Frys (Xopaswta) ba Kumox (Kauukastapé Ba Cypxontapéaa) ypyraapHuMir xaM MurrapoKn GYsiratt. Sma. (Answer the questions. Mamnza soc caprasyanu Geneurane, a. YaGex tum rpanmaruxaci 6. ¥a6ex apaé anupGocummr axaMnarit ©. Typxuit taaapnmar maxnnasum a ¥s6er Tum ba your wax man i 2 fiudaewrapuune Kaiicu Gupu Mamnda Gepurmazan: Aone typnt nap enpyeTypACzAH APHID 6. Typanil Tusuiap a yaaprnur HoMrapHt c. ¥aGex THamaa ranupyesit KHUNHIAP 3. KavoGnapxunr Gapuacn TYrpit Mamuea sypa, sapayr, Gy - Toit xyayawa smalignran xankrapmntnr 6 xi iM TyPYxu 6. ¥36ek xankunmar MakuIaHHuA acocHit pox ‘Yitmaran TYEE rypyxuHur HON ¢- ¥abek Twomr prBoxnaummaa acoemit pon Fiinaran ‘omar raxasuaycn 2. Kaunxagapé pa ‘Cypxonnapéaa sinaiiuaran ‘X@vIKlapHMHT HOME452 APPENDIXC y G-maunx, “Read the following statements and decide whether they are true or false 1. YVsGex uma ranmpye kuumaapannr xjn Knows Adpronnctonaa suai, 2. YaGex numa ramupypsn xuumaap dhaxar YsGexneronna smaitan, 3. Ya6ex TmamHMHr waksammumaa KapayK TYPYXMHMHP YpHH karra. 4, Va6ex TMH maKsiaHNa HeKITA YPYF MUITHpOK oTraH. 5. Yiiryp Tum rypxuit taxnap omtacnra kupwtaiit 6, 360% mma rampyosn xan cow TypsHt-Tmanapaa rampyem anuHaxon coman Kara, Temaux. “7, Do some research and write a short paragraph about a language you are interested in. Use the text as a model. Consider the questions below. 1. By Tuva neva summon (xouimtapa, sui) xu e¥ananau? 2. By Tuma ranupyssm kuumaap Kaepaapza amaiizn? 3. By Tu alien twxap rypyxnra xnpasu? PAPAL TRUSSES PUYCuriltic Reader 453 about the professors, dorms, libraries, ete. KYmmmya Maranap I-mauik, Sa dialogues and short texts below are taken (a few of them modified) from 'zbek literature. Practice your reading in Cyrillic alphabet by reading these texts, a. Xygoii6epau TyxraGoen, Mynenu Kisnap oe — Orwutrits 3acbapaconnn? ~ Xa. — @anususurus Kapamon. ~ Xa. ~ Menu Mactypa Xafipnesna 2e6 vaxupaua. Axa, TaxnurnG xam ost. TopriiManr, Menmur xam cura Yxmaran Yrwourapi Gop. Enmnares Yat errustanc? ~ liv, $4 osrn-to, y4 of G¥nanM. — Kapaur, ram Guan Texr 9kancus. ¥xuurap Kasai? — Bup iinutra “oreposxa” Geprmn. — Xoaup Gexopumscan ext? — Jlexwit ayaa GeKopsnt Xam 9wacMat, KYNPOK KHTOG YRHATIMAH. ~ Kuro6 yxuranwarns axon, Venus xa mynaail, KYsHan KeTO6 TymMaiLAM. Kanai xurroGapHn YxuaricHs? — KYnpok KoHyHmyHocsTHKKa On. Gexopau ~ idler co — concerning oTcpo4ka (rus) - deferment KonyHulyHocmtk — jurisprudence ‘Toptitwantr — don’t be shy! ‘aKmpmox — to call | or—name (coll) KapaMox — to look ‘eur ~ equal; at the same age ‘TyUIMOK ~ to fall454 APPENDIXC b. XyaoiiGepan TyxraGoen, Lupun Koeyxaap Mamaaxamu v9 = Avena ne — imp. form of newox. pez ycros ~ master; teacher —Yeros we evs, esa. i aaa ‘Toxar ~ patience ee aii —like this; such; as ~ JlaG6aii. Rae ca pear. ~ Men cnoprin axii k¥paman, Mexnarra Ee Pence x¥pennnox — to sigh : : ‘Jla66aii? Yes? (response when being called) — Xosupru uumapannr K¥rin myrinait. ical —Konn-anm yt6on, ae ~ Ou 6¥sica, nu 6Y.amaca, eran oKaK Gup anraca, ~ ycTosHM 4yKyp x¥pcHHAH. ~Yeros. ~ Ta66ait? — Bup wapca e¥pacam maint? ~ Malton. — Hera Gy manvtaxarsia KORY #XtIIH x¥puman? c. Yamac Yuap6exos, Gomuva 6a 3yxpa ss . , o9 ~ Aavio! SummraMan! ~9pxaK oBo3 KesiaHt tpy6kaziax. By Ammtes oMac oat. ~ Menra Kosmp aka xepax samutap, ~ c¥pamm 3yxpa. = Aaaxcap mura xetranaap. Kus c¥paanr? — Ci ku 6Ynacns? — zeqH Byxpa. — Kron, ~ 1py6kaxa kyr our. Komp axa ‘py6xa — receiver aan GY-tcanap, Ment KUM GYsraman? Mert Komp aa (col.)~ father axa Anmesnuur Yrmap 6¥aamax. Oram Pasian. wumunorn — villager Suuuerancussin? Suu TywMyHAMETHM? sank — interesting; funny ~ Tymynau. "-Huya ae6 xyait? Can [take a message? ~ Anasera musta 106 KY? ‘rau ~ acquaintance ~ Aaanrisiimnr karmuzoxn Gnp TaroTapn G¥saMan. Kenranapraa nemuncn 3yxpa n€6 aitreanrHs ‘ranmiimunap.Critic Reader 58 d. Cama Axmag, Cyanuux ss Ren binnt® — Emmurns nevaaa, $ptox Xaitwrosa? ~ Omri errata. — Kauaii xacan 6Yarancns? ~ Xe kanutaii. — Kanizail aopuzap warancns? Mp ~ life — Yepumaa aopi wimarannan, cana ~ fake; false —Hexa Gosianris Gop? Saae ~ like this; such; so = Yu Gup Goxan Gop. HaGuparaprin kava oxaHATH eae ge TaRGal_ Good heavens! [eKKaHMNICHS, ss atin, — Tauusapunrns acamann éit YsuurHonnKuM? — Xammacn You MMi —£, ranGa! — aes npodbeccop. — Byxaaii cornom ontament HH KY/PHULUM. e. XyzoiiGepau TyxtaGoes, |’ * Capux deenu munud Tixwct ofizan Gepu xac : , Lag epasarnir y ‘arxoviata EuGMax, Ka Sumac onan 8828 Bop wack rma oan. Ky Cat axa éragm, yma komme Coumangone pe 2 aePran. Kynimenin we, xapanor ~ bed * oT Mexnar Kexpanson tt Hai, reiki — clown; jokester akan. Arap niyo OM, aBtMO roxaysimc xe exsar — labor; work ae Ae6 xanarustnr yor ws eat Faraz xon. roxays ~ star Fpranitaa xan o6p¥eu Ganai Gynes ee OPM. 20x20 — with pleasure mt YAH XMM Rin "4 Kepax, yun O6p- well respected esteemed S®144H. Buposirronyx rm aa karra oxawaap nappaxita— poultry fan Tanua6 keraau, ry ong vee: ONPOBI Yay, Gop-iiyru — only MAUMPILIFAH TORYK OnnG Ke MUnapH XaM xm, xypiuius ~ construction site AYPCAHA BYau6 Keraman. ene MEH Ya -Kaxpamox — hero: fapparza ryan yaya ue Aecaurns, Cany axa ‘TaKMOK — to wear; to pin era Gepaau, YuLIaMaiinn, yr nosy ‘xamat — robe Gupos — one; someone ee xyutamox — to like <«456 APPENDIXC f. Baxoamp Capumcoxos, Adbandu aamupanapu PV EPR LAEDAAA PIV GAAS AKa-yKa Adbaranuzan oxanutap: — Ci karrani, aka katramn? — ne6 e¥paman. ~ Veran jiu akan wenaan Oup &u Kara om, Gy iat iummans Tene GYsica Kepax, — ea Acpanut. Tyrpm macaaxar Bup Gemop Adarqura xacpar Kian: — Hixacrra uioxopra Gopain, Hikasracu HKKIC XH Macsaxar Gepan, OupinsHen xexrHsra Gop, jel, mkKHEIHeH mHéZa top! —meiLH. — Yuaaii G¥aca, 2enrusra nuéaa Gopuur! — sean Adana. Alam oxaman! Acpanan Gouna KumvioKarn KapHHOULIapHHMAT yiinra Mexwoura xeraérran ont, Kyx Hecitk, itt y30K onut, Karra aapaxr Tarwqarn Gup aYKOMHH KYpHG KOH. A¥Koura xupus Frupau. Coryasn: —Xa, Acpariau, HnMa onacses? — em. Acbanan corysuura xapa6: Macaxar— ~ Zax onanant! ~ nea. Siice keraétran 92m he was Aapaxt— tree XaePaT KILIMOK — to complai Y90K— far; distant i goingnonundox wnunaxg v9 nidussyCyrillic Reader 461 Eepona xapumacu462 APPENDIXCAppendix D: Uzbek-English Glossary ane adabiyot adashmoq adir afsona afsuski ahamiyat bermoq aholi ajrashgan aka aksirmoq aktrisa alkogol allagachon alleraiya alohida aloga bo'timt (pochta) amaki amakivachcha amma ammavachcha an’anaviy anau anchadan beri ancha aniq apelsin aprel agian atti AQSh (Amerika, Qo'shma Shtatlari ) aralashtirmoq arog (araq) arzimaydi -Katta rahmat! -Arzimaydi. arzon Uterature tomakea mistake, to get confused bills, heights legend unfortunately to pay attention population divorced, separated older brother to sneeze actress alcohol already allergy separate post office uncle (paternal) cousin (child of amaki) unt (paternal) cousin (child of amma) traditional that (that one over there) for a long time quite a lot, rather, much clear, exact orange April intellectually, mentally smart, intelligent USA to stir vodka, hard liquor You are welcome. Thank you very much. -You are welcome. inexpensive, cheap asab asabiylashmog asal asar asti asosly aspirant aspirantura asr Assalomu alaykum! atalmog atlas avgust avtobus bekati avtobus yo'nalishi awal (-dan -) awalgi ayiruv aylanmog aynimog ayniqsa ayol ayrilmas ayrim ayron aytgancha aytmoq ayvon aza achchiq, achitqi apt bag'ishlanmoq baho nerve to get nervous honey written work, novel originally main, fundamental, basic main, fundamental graduate student post-graduate study century Hello (lit. in Arabic: Peace be ‘upon you!) to be named, to be called brightly-colored satin material, used in women's traditional dresses August bus station bus route before, ago previous minus to turn into to turn bad or sour ‘especially, particularly woman inseparable ‘some, certain, separate, distinct a cold drink made of yoghurt ‘and water by the way tosay veranda ‘mourning spicy yeast to be dedicated grade, price466 APPENDIXD baho olmoq bahor baland balkon batiq band bank banka baquwvat baraka barakalla barcha barg baribir uunga baribir ‘menga baribir barmoq barpo etmoq barvagt baxtli bayram bazm ba'zan ba’zi belgi belgilamoq bemalol beri (-dan -) berilmoq bermoq besh beshik beva benzin bexos(dan) bexush bilmoq ino bir bir marta bir necha bir xil to receive a grade spring high, tall balcony fish busy bank Jar strong blessing well done alt, every leaf He does not care. do not care. finger to establish early happy holiday banquet, sometimes some, few sign to indicate, to mark fluently, easily post. until tobe given give five cradle widow 90s, petroleum unintentionally unpleasant to know building ‘one, once, some once several identical bir-biri ~ga o'xshaydi ~dan farq qiladi biror biroz birlashmog bitirmog (-ni -) biz biznes boshqaruv bichmog bluzka bodring rani bog'ia (ga -); (bilan =) bola bolalar bog'chasi Boltiq bo'yi daviatlari bor bormoq bosib olmog bosqin bosh bosh kiyim: boshlab (-dan -) bugundan boshlab boshlamoq boshlanmoq boshqa boshqarmoq boy bozor bozor gilmoq re bu bulut: bundan tashqari burda burilmog burun buva ‘each other they (ook lke each other they differ from each other some alittle, a few tounite to graduate we business management to cut out (cloth for clothing) blouse cucumber ‘garden : connected with, related to child Kindergarten Baltic states there is/are tog0 to conquer ‘occupation head headwear starting starting today to start to start, to begin other to direct, to lead, to govern rich ‘market place to shop garden, orchard this cloud besides, in addition piece to turn grandfatherbuvi buyon (-dan -) buyuk buyurmoq, buzib tashlanmoq buzitmoq Botladimi?_ bo'lib ishlamog botlib yetishmoq, bottim bo'lim boshlig'i bottka non (coll) bo'r bo'ron boty bo'yicha bo'yin bo'ylab bo‘sh bo‘sh xona_ Se da daftar dake -dan -dan tashgari dahliz dala dam olmoq daraxt dars darslik dars bermoq, dars qilmoq dasturxon yozmoq dasturxonga tortmoq daviat grandmother post. until great to order, to command to be destroyed to be destroyed, to be spoiled WILL it work? Does it sound good? to work as, to be employed as to develop into, to become branch head of the department roll, loaf of bread chatk storm height pertaining to, about, regarding of eck along vacant, empty vacant room ‘at, in, on (locative case ending) notebook like, similar (an adverbial suffix) {from (ablative case ending) besides, in addition entrance hallway field torest tree class, lesson textbook to teach to study (the homework assignment, for the exam) to set a table to serve food (at a table) country, state daviat tli davolamoq davomida davom ettirmoq, deb dehgon/fermer -dek dekabr demoq dengiz deraza devor diktant dimlamoq diqaat director divan doim doira don dona dori = ichmog dori yozib bermoq dorixona dramaturg dugona dunyo dushanba dutor do‘kon do'l do‘ppi SE ega egizak ekmogq emas elchixona elchi Uzbek: English Glossary 467 official language tonheal, to treat during to continue, to carry on the past gerund form of demoq farmer like similar (an adverbial suffix) December to say sea window wall dictation to steam attention director sofa always tambourine grain whole medicine to take medicine to prescribe a medicine pharmacy Playwright friend (used for women only) world ‘Monday dutor, the national stringed instrument store halt Uabek skullcap ‘owner, master, subject twin to plant, to grow negating word embassy ‘ambassador468 APPENDIXD. endi erkak Eron ertaga ertalab esa esdalik eshik eski Eski shahar Eski Jo'va esmoq kuchli shamol esadi. tik evakuatsiya ilinmog elon RES falsafa fan faol fagat faraz qilmoq farzand fast faxrlanmoq fayzli fevral fikrga ‘qo'shilmog figh firma, fizika foiz forma foydalanmoq foydali fransuz fransuz tili front Just now; from now on husband ‘man Iran tomorrow in the morning ‘and, and here souvenir door old (thing) (Old city (a part of Tashkent) the name of the central ‘marketplace in Tashkent to blow A strong wind blows. boots to be evacuated ‘announcement philosophy science, subject (math, physics) active only £0 imagine child season to be proud of someone charming, delightful February to agree, to agree with someone’s opinion Islamic jurisprudence ‘company, business physics percent uniform to.use, to make use of helpful, useful, beneficial French French language front (mil) futbotka on “82 (-8'a, -a2) -ga ko'ra -gacha galstuk gapirmoq garaj gazeta gazplita i gilam globus gruzin gul ‘gullamoq guruch go'dak go'sht tovug go'shti go'y go‘shti ‘mol go‘shti batiq g0'zallik saloni aH hafta hali ham hal gilmog halokatga uchramoq ham hamma hammom hamshira har ehtimolga, garshi har kuni har xil harir hassa tshirt to, into, for, towards (dative case ending) according to adverbial suffix tie (n) to speak garoge suarantee crowded newspaper sas stove sulfix, forms adjectives carpet slobe Georgian flower to blossom, to flower rice baby meat chicken tab beef fish beauty salon week still to solve to get into an accident also everybody, everyone bathroom, bathhouse nurse Just in case every day various, different deticate fabric, fine canehayit kichik hayit/ qurbon hayiti atta hayit/ ro'za hayit haya hech kim hech narsa_ hech gachon hech qayerda hissa hisobehi hisoblanmog hisobt hosi hoki hokimiyat hojatxona hovti hozie hozirgi vagtda hozirgi zamon hukumron husjat hujjat topshirmog hushtak chalmoq hujum a ch ichimlik ichmog {dish-tovog ‘jaraga olmoq ikkalasi iki itig ilmiy Iitimos! ittimos {ltimos qilmoq imtihon feast, holiday muslim festival of the sacrifice the feast atthe end of Ramadhan ‘monument, memorial nobody nothing nowhere contribution accountant to be considered responsible, accountable crop, harvest mayor regime, government bathroom, toilet Uzbek style homes, courtyard now, nowadays currently, nowadays contemporary, current reign documents toopply to whistle attack inside drinks to drink dishes torent both, both of them two warm, mild scientific Please (while requesting) request, favor to request, to beg exam imtihon topshirmoq imzo indinga ingliz ‘ngliz titi pak Ipak Yo'ti ‘glim ‘rim ish isitma ‘smalog ‘stamog iste'mol tt ‘yak jyul jyun {shga yollamoq {shlamoq fishonch ishonmog ishyogmas ari jahl (poss) chiqmoq Jahlim chigdi. Jahlingiz cchiqyaptimi? Jamiyat janob janub Janubi-g‘arb janubi-sharg Jarayon Jarroh Jasorat javob javob bermoq Jas’ Siddiy Sigarrang jihozlamoq Usbek-English Glossary 469 to take a test signature the day after tomorrow English English language silk Silk Road climate superstition work fever spinach to want, to desire, to wish for use, consumption dog chin July June to hire to work, to be employed trust to trust, to believe aay anger to get mad, to be angry 1 got angry. ‘re you angry? society gentleman south southwest southeast process surgeon courage “answer, response to.answer Jaw Serious, seriously brown to-equip470 APPENDIXD. Jinst shim jismonan_ jiyan Joy Joylashgan Jozibador juda juft juma jurnal Ka abi kabob aft alta kamar kambag'al kamdan-kam_ karam kartoshka kasal kkasalxona kas kashf etmog keatakli atta atta buva kkatta buvi ‘kayfiyat ech kecha kkechikmoq, kechirasiz kkechki ovat kechqurun keksa kelajakda kelasi yil kelin kelishgan kelmoq keng kerak Jeans physically nephew/niece place located attractive, alluring very ‘couple, pair, even number Friday Journal such as, like kebab palm short (for inanimate objects) belt poor rarely cabbage potato sick hospital profession, occupation to discover checked big great grandfather reat grandmother ‘mood late, p.m. yesterday tobe late excuse me dinner evening old (for animate objects) In the future next year daughter-in-law, bride 300d looking (for men) to come, to arrive wide, widely needed, necessary kerakli kesmoq ketmoq keyin (-dan -) keyinchalik kichik kilogram (kilo) kim kindik. kino kir kishi kitob kiyim kiyim-kechak kiymog kiyinmog kilogramm/kito kofe/qahva kompyuter kompyuterda o'yin otynamoq, konsert kontinental korxona kosa kkostyum kotiba kkrossovka. krovat (coll: karavat) krujka (Rus) kuchsiz kul rang kumush kun kun bo'yi kundalik kunduz kurka (coll: indyuk) kutubxona necessary tocut to leave after later small kilogram who bellybutton movie dirt, dirty person, human being, someone book clothing clothing and such to wear to dress kilo, kilogram coffee ‘computer to play computer games concert continental climate enterprise, business bowl men's suit secretary Jogging shoes; sneakers bed mug, cup weak gray silver day throughout the day, awhole day dolly, routine ay, daytime turkey librarykuyov kuz kuzatmoq kevartira ko'cha ko‘chib kelmoq ko'chmog otk ko'kat ‘ko'krak ko‘ngit Ko‘nglim ayniyapti. ko'p ko‘pehilik ko'plab ko‘rinish Ko‘rishguncha way. ko'rmog ‘ko'rsatuv ko'ylak ko'z ko'zoynak Sigs lab tag'mon lagan tampa -lar lekin tibos vie tikopcha ier lozim lug'at madaniyat madrasa son-in-law, groom ‘autumn, fall to see off; to observe ‘apartment street to move in to move, to fall off blue greens chest heart, spirit | feel nauseated. ‘much, many, a lot majority, most ‘many appearance See you later, to watch, to see TV program shirt, dress eye eyeglasses ip noodle soup platter lamp plural suffix but, however apparel, clothing elevator plate iter women’s pyjame-style drawers, usually made of atlas dictionary culture religious educational institution mahal besh mahal namoz o'giydi. mahalla mahsulot makaron maktab malaka oshirish ‘mamlakat mamnun mana bu mantiq manba manzil manzur maqbara magol magtamoq marhamat marosim mart marta bir oyda ikki marta masala mashhur mashina mashina haydamoq ‘mashg'ul bo‘tmoq, masjid ‘maslahat mast matematika matn mato mayjud mavzu may maydon mayli mazali mazhun Usbel-English Glossary 471 time He prays 5 times a day. neighborhood product Pasta school practicum country, state pleased, grateful this (this one over here) logic source address liked, admired ‘mausoleum proverb to praise welcome; please ceremony ‘March times twice a month problem, question popular, well-known car, automobile to drive a car tobe occupied ‘mosque advice ‘drunk ‘mathematics text, cloth, material ‘available, present theme, topic May plaza, public square; territory ok, good tasty ‘sad, gloomy472 APPENDIXD ‘ma'lumot. ma'muriyat ma’qul mebel me'morchilik ‘mehmon mehmondorchilik mehmonxona mehnat ‘mehnat gilmoq mehribon men metr metro meva ‘mezbon mi militsiya rmilliy ‘minmoq mis misol rmisol uchun imish-mish mo'g‘ul mo‘ylab Moliya Instituti moslashtirmoq, mototsikl mozor muammo. muddat mudofaa muharrir ‘muhim ‘mukammal mumtoz musiga ‘muncha (coll) murabbo ‘murch murojaat blankasi murojaat qilmog information ‘administration ‘acceptable, reasonable furniture architecture guest hospitality hotel labor, work to work nice, kind 1 meter metro fruit host ‘question particle police national toride copper ‘example for example, for instance e8sip Mongotian mustache Financial Institute to match, to fit motorbike graveyard problem, issue time, period defense editor ‘important perfect, complete classical music 0, so much jam black pepper application form to speak to, to appeal to, to turn to mushuk. musobaqa mustagil, ‘Mustagillik kuni ‘musulmon muzey ‘muz-qaymoq muzlatgich Nie nabira namuna narda narvon narx rashr qilinmoq nashriyot natija Navro‘z nechta emis ni nihoyatda nikoh nikoh to‘yi ima nishonlamoq, nol nomlanmoq non nonushta qilmog nordon noyabr nozik nutq Nyu-York. =n ob-havo ‘och ‘och rangli ‘ochilmog cat competition independent independence day muslim ‘museum ice cream freezer grandchild humid, damp model, example backgammon ladder price to be printed, to be published publishing house result, consequences Navruz, Central Asian New Year celebration how many German accusative case ending extremely marriage wedding party what to celebrate null, zero to be called, to be named bread to have breakfast sour November delicate, fine speech New York weather hungry light-colored to be openedochmoq odamlar_ odat_ odatda oddiy ofitsiant og‘rimoq aattiq op'riyapt. os'riq oila oilalt oktabr old lib bormaq lib kelmoq lib ketmoq olma olmoq lt! oltin omad commabop orgali orzu ‘son ‘osh bo'lsin oshpaz oshxona ot ‘tim (coll) ota ‘ovgat pishirmoq, oxir oz cozarbayjon to open people habit, custom usually simple waiter to hurt, to cause pain It is hurting badly. pain family married October front to take to bring to take away apple to take six gold, golden luck popular, of masses mother older sister white to flow, to leak ‘among back through, via dream easy, effortless on appétit cook, chef kitchen horse ‘my name father voice, sound to cook a meal end, last part little, few Azeri oziq-ovgat zig (ozuga) parhez parhez qilmoq park passiv past pasttekislik patir non paxta Paypoq payshanba pes peshana peshin pichog pilot/uchuychi pirog pishlog pishiriq pitstsa pivo piyola Piyoz platform plyas poyezd pomider Poyabzal poytaxt puxta SO gabul qilinmoq gabulxona gachon qadimgi gahvaxona qalam Usbel- English Glossary 473 food products, grocieries nutrition, food thin, skinny arice dish winter coat make-up, cosmetics diet to follow a healthy diet ark passive ow, short low ground, plain fancy raised tandoor bread cotton socks Thursday wretch, worm forehead ‘noon knife. pilot pie cheese pastry pizza beer cup, teacup onion platform beach train tomato footwear, shoes capital city solid to be accepted reception room when old, ancient coffeeshop pencil474 APPENDIXD galampir aalpoq ganaga (coll) qanday gancha aria aatig atl etilmog gatiam gatnamog gatnashmog qavat gayerda ‘ayerdan cayerga gaymoq aynona qaynota caysi cayta aaytmoq gaytmog aidiritmog aidiruy qilmoq gimirlamoq gimmat qish aishlog gism aisman aiyin aiyigqcha az aizil aiziq aiziqmog (-8a gizigmog) goida aoldig golmoq ‘gon bosimi op red hot pepper winter hat what kind of what kind of, how how much old man/old woman yogurt (plain) to be executed layer, layered to. commute to participate floor (as in 2 floor) where at where from where to cream mother-in-law father-in-law which ‘once more, again to return to come back, to return to be searched search todo to tremor, to shake expensive winter village art partly, partially difficult, hard sash daughter, girl red funny, interesting to be interested in rule remnant to stay, to be left behind blood pressure ‘sack gor gormoq or ko‘chishi gora aorin gosh goshiq govoq govun govurmoq q0z0q qulay qulog qulupnay ‘qunt (bilan) qurdirmoq ‘qurg‘ogchilik qurilmoq, qurmoq quyosh quyida go't qo'l telefon go'tqop go‘rginchli go'shin {go'shmoq, go'shni qo'shuy ao'y Qo'y go'shti go'ymoq ane rafiga rahbar rahmat rang rang-barang ragsga tushmog rasadxona rasm razmer/o‘lcham ‘snow to knead, to mix avalanche black stomach, belly eyebrow spoon pumpkin ‘melon to fry, to sauté ‘Kazakh convenient strawberry diligently caus.of qurmoq -to build drought to be built to build sun below arm, hand cell phone slove, mitten scary ‘army, troops toad neighbor plus sheep tamb to place, to put wife leader, advisor ‘thank you, thanks color varicolored, brightly colored to dance observatory picture, drawing sizeRegiston maydoni reja rejalashtirmog rengen restoran retsept rezina rivojlanmoq, rol otynamoq rosa (coll) rozi bo'lmoq ruchka us (coll. o'ris) ro'mol ro'yhat ro‘yhatdan ‘o'tmoq age sabzavot sabzi safar gilmog sakkiz salat salbiy salom salom bermoq salgin samolyot san’at sanoat sanoat korxonalari sarflamog sariyog* saroy savdo ssavol bermoq saxty saylga chiqmoq sayohat qilmoq semiz sen Registan square plan to plan xray restaurant recipe rubber to develop to play a role, to star very, really to agree pen Russian headscarf, scarf list to register vegetable carrot to travel, to have a trip eight salad negative hello, hi togreet cool, cool shade plane art industry industrial enterprises to spend butter palace trade to ask a question generous 0.90 for a picnic to travel fat, overweight you (informal) sentabr seshanba sevgili sevib golmoq sevimli sevmoq sifatida sifatli sigaret sindirmoq singil sinf sinfxona, sinfdosh sinmog (intr) sindirmog (tr.) six siyoh siyosat siz sizlar sizningcha soat soch sochiq sog'inmog (-ni -) sog‘lom solmoq somsa son soniya/sekund sogol sotib olmog sotilmog, sotmoq sotuychi sovg'a sovun sovuq sport sport zal stakan stansiya Ushek-English Glossary September Tuesday loved, beloved to fall in love favorite tolove a, in the capacity of quality cigarette ‘caus.of sinmog - to break younger sister class classroom classmate to break caus. of sinmoq, skewer ink politics you (formal) you (pl) in your opinion clock, watch, time, hour hair towel, napkin ‘to miss (someone) healthy to put, to place ‘meat pastry number second beard to buy, to purchase to be sold to selt seller gift, present ‘soap cold sport sym glass station476 APPENDIXD stul styuardessa suhbat suhbatlashmoq sultanat surat sut suv suv toshqini suzmoq sviter so'z so‘zlashmoq som eS tabiat tabib tabily ofat tafsilot tag tajribalt tajribasiz taklif etmog taklif qilmog taksi olmog talaba talabchan talab gilmog tanaffus tanaffusga chigmoq tandirda yopmoq tandirdan uzib olmog tanga tanimog taniali tansiq taginchoq taqmoq tarbiya table chair flight attendant (female) ‘conversation to talk, to converse sultanate, dominion picture, photograph, photo milk water flood toswim sweater word to converse, to talk Uzbek currency, money nature doctor, healer natural disaster details under experienced inexperienced to offer to invite to take a cab student ‘demanding to require break, recess to have a break to bake in a tandoor oven (clay oven) to take out of the tandoor ‘oven coin to be acquainted, to know well-known, popular delicacy Jewelry to wear, to pin, to affix raising, upbringing tarkibiga kirmog, ‘tarmoq tarjima gilmoq tarjimonlik targatmoq tarvuz tashkilot tashgari tasvirlab bermoq, tasvirlamog tavsiya gilmoq taxta (doska) tayyor bo'moq tayyorgarlik tayyorlanmog ta’minlamoq ta'sir qilmoq ta’til vyorgi ta’til ta’ziya bildirmog teatr tekislik televizor temir yor teng tez tez-tez tibbiy ko‘rik. tibbiyot til tinglamoq tirishqoq tirsak tish tishlamoq tizza tog tog'a tog’avachcha to be part of branch, division to translate translation to spread watermeton organization outside to describe to describe to recommend blackboard; wood to be ready preparedness to prepare oneself to provide to influence, to impact to Influence break summer break to express condolences or sympathy theater low ground, plain v railroad ‘equal fast, quickly frequently ‘medical check-up medicine language, tongue to listen hardworking elbow tooth tobite, to eat knee mountain uncle (maternal) cousin (child of tog‘a)tojik tomon tomoq topitmoq topmogq topshirmoq tor tort tortib bermoq toza tramvay ‘tug'iimoq, ‘tug'figan kun ‘tugamoq tugallamoq tun tur Sportning qayst turi mashhur? turist turk turk xogonligt Turkiston general- gubernatorligi turli turmoq ‘turmush o'rtogtim ‘turmushga chigmagan ‘turmushga chiggan tush tushitk qilmoq tushurmog tuxum tuye tuz ‘tuzalmog ‘tuzmogq to'ngtich to'g'ramoq Tajik towards throat passive form of topmoq - to find to find to submit narrow, to'r cake to weigh clean tram to be born birthday to be finished, to run out to finish, to complete night sort, kind What type of sport is popular? tourist Turkish Turkic Khanate Turkestan governor- sgeneralship various types to stand, to stand up ‘My wife husband single, unmarried (for wornen) married (for women) dream to have lunch to lower ese, camel salt to recover, to get better to form, to organize eldest to cut, toslice to to'g'ri kelmog to'kib yubormog to‘kilmoq to'la to'lamoq to'ldirmog ton to‘q rangli to‘gilmoq to‘qqiz tor to'rt to'xtamog to'y to‘yimli to'ymog To'ydim, rahmat 208 u uch uch xonalt uchrashmoq (bilan -) Do‘stlarim bilan umuman uncha unday bo'tsa universitet uunutmog (-ni -) {smini unutdim. urf-odat ust ustaxona Usbek-English Glossary 477 correct, straight to be appropriate, to fit to spill to fall out, to drop full, filled (with) to pay to fill out, to complete Uzbek traditional robe dark-colored to be weaved, to be knitted nine a place of honor four to stop ‘marriage, wedding filling, substantial to be full, to have enough 1am full, thank you. that (also, she, he, it) three ‘three room (apartment, house) tomeet Vl meet with my friends. for custom younger brother injection, shot they great life in general flour rot so, not very If that is the case university to forget | forgot his name. customs, traditions outside repair shop478 APPENDIXD. ustoz usul xlamog uxlashga, yetmoq y uy bekasi uy vazifa uyg‘onmog uylangan uylanmagan uz0q uzuk uzum uzun ushbu We Vaalaykum assalom! vafot vafot etmoq vakil vagt vaqtinchalik varaqa vayron gilmoq vazir vaziyat velosiped vilka viloyat vino vodiy vogea voy Bye xafa valat xalq alta xaridor arita teacher, master ‘method, approach tosleep to go to bed house housewife home work assignment to wake up ‘married (for men) single, unmarried (for men) far, far away ring grapes long this (very), those (very) and Hello (lit: in Arabic: Peace ‘be upon you too!) death to pass away, to die representative time temporarily sheet, slip to destroy vizier, minister situation icycle fork region wine valley event exclamation, surprise ‘sad, upset robe ation, people bag buyer, customer ‘map xat xavft xavisiz xayr xilma-xil Xitoy xizmat xizmat gilmoq xo‘randa xohlamoq xola xolavachcha xolli xonim xorily davlat os xususiyat xotin xotira xuddi Xudoga shukur. xunuk xursand Xush kelibsizi xushmuomala xususiy Ve yakshanba yana yangi yanvar yagin yarim yashil vyaxshi yaxshilanmoq yyaxshi ko'rmoq, yaqin ya'ni yetka yemoq yer yetartt letter dangerous safe Goodbye various, all kinds China service to serve Client (at the restaurant) to want, to desire ‘aunt (maternal) cousin (child of xola) spotted khan lady, madam foreign country specific peculiarity wife, woman memory exactly, just like, nearly Thank God. usly glad Welcome! polite private ‘Sunday ‘also, more new January close half green well, good to get better, to develop to like close in other words, that is to say shoulder toeat place, (and, earth, soil enough, sufficientyetib bormog vyetkazmoq yetti yig'lamoq vite yigilib tushmoq yirik yodgortik or o'simiik yog't yos'li yog*moq: yo'lovehi yolgtiz yolgtiziik yomon ‘yomon ko'rmog yo‘nalish yopmoq yopgan nen yoqib yubormog yoqmoa (-ga -) yogtirmog (-ni) yordam bermog yorug’ yosh yosh bola vyosh giz vyosh yigit yoshligidan yoshiik yotog yotogxona yor yozib olmoq yozmoq yubka yubormog yugurmoq yuqumti yurmoq toreach to deliver tocy young man, guy to fall down large, great ‘monument, relic oil, fat vegetable oll fatty to rain, to snow, to pour down passenger only, (onely solitude, loneliness bad to dislike direction, route to close, to shut flat (Uzbek) bread to set on fire to like, to please to like tohelp, to assist bright young child, kid young woman young man from his/her childhood childhood bedroom dormitory, bedroom summer to write down, to jot down to write skirt to send torun contagious to walk yutqizmoq yuvinmoq yuymoq yuvosh yuz yo'l-yo'l yo'q yo'qalib golmog yo*qotib go‘ymoq yo'talmoq, Te zamonaviy zarar zerikarit zerikmog zilzila zira Ziravor zirak ziyorat qilmoq zontik/soyabon foi otchirgtich o's o'n o'ng o*qimoq, o'qish davomida ofqishga kirmoq, ofgituvchi otquychi o'ramoq ro'mol o'ramoq o'rganmoq, o'rgatmoq ofrin orindiq o'rta o'rta maktab O'rta Osiyo Usbek-English Glossary 479 to lose to wash oneself towash gentle, tame (animal) face striped, with stripes there is/are not to get lost to lose tocough ‘modern hharm, harmful boring to be bored earthquake cumin spice earring(s) to visit, to perform a pilgrimage umbrella son ten right to read, to study during the studies to enroll (at the university) teacher school children to wrap to wear a headscarf to learn to teach place bench middle ‘secondary school Central Asia480. APPENDIXD ofrta yosh middle aged shimol north o‘rtacha medium, average shimoli-sharq northeast o'simtik plant, herb shinam cozy, comfortable o’smoq to grow shippak sandals, flip-flops o'spirin teenager shirin sweet ot grass shirintik sweets, dessert o'tirish arty shkaf closet o'tirmog tossit, to sit down shotrva soup ‘ottmog to pass, to happen shortik shorts o'xshamog (ga -) to look like, to resemble shovain-suron noise, clamor ‘otyingaroq playful shu atrofda around here o'ynamog to play shu yerda here, at this place o'zbek Uzbek shubhasiz ‘beyond doubt, no doubt O'zbek so'mi Uzbek som (currency) shug‘ullanmog to do, to practice, to be O'zbek till Uzbek language (bilan -) engaged in, to work on ‘o'zgarmoq {intr.) to change Shukronalik kunt Thanksgiving day =Ghe o'zim myself chalmoq to play (musical instrument) -Gt- chandiq scar g'arb west chang‘i uchmoq_ to ski ‘iim wrinkled changagan thirsty sialati weird, strange chap left 2Sh = chagalog baby shaftott peach ‘chagmog lightning (n), to strike (v) shahar city charchamoq to be tired shahar public transport chekmoq to smoke transporti chemodan suitcase shahmat chess (chamadon) falar ca chi question particle shakarob name of the summer salad Chitonzor 4 district in Tashkent eee chiroyli pretty, beautiful shamol wind chipta/bilet. ticket shamollamoq to catch acold chizgtich aiien shanba ‘Saturday chorraha ‘intersection, road crossing Stacia sel Chorsu the name of the central sharq east ‘marketplace in Tashkent shargshunoslik oriental studies chorshanba Wednesday shaxsan In person, personally choy tea shekilli it seems like, apparently choynak kettle she'r poems choyxona teahouse she'rly totplam collection of poems chuchvara boiled dumplings shifokor doctor chunk because shikoyat complaint cho't desert shim ants, trousersAppendix E: English-Uzbek Glossary EAE about above abroad ‘accomplish according to accountant. ache active actually add advice advise again ago agree air alcohol all also already always among ancient and animal answer apartment apparel apparently appearance apple approximately April arm around art ascend astronomy attractive August aunt autumn EB baby hagida yugorida, yugoridagi chet el, xorij bajarmog, tugatmoq ga ko'ra, -ning gapiga garaganda hhisobcht og'rimog, 0g'riq {aol astida, astini aytganda {go‘shmog ‘maslahat ‘maslahat bermoq yana avval, burun, ilgari rrozi bo'lmoq, gapiga go'shilmoq, ma’qul topmoq havo ‘alkogol, alkogol ichimlik barcha, hamma, bari ham, shuningdek ‘allagachon doim orasida qadimgi, qadimiy va hayvon, jonivor Javob kvartira {ibos, kiyim shekill iyofa, ko'rinish olma taxminan ‘pret orl atrof, atrofida, taxminan san’at ko'tarilmog astranomiya Jozibador, jozibati avgust ‘amma, xola kuz ‘chagatog, go‘dak back backgammon bake bank based on basis Be careful! beard because bed beef beer before believe below belt bench bicycle big billion black black pepper blackboard blond blood bloom blouse blow blue Bon appetit! ook boots border born boss bother bowl boy branch brave bread break break breakfast bride bridegroom ‘orga, orga tamon, orgasida arda yopmog (tandirda, duxovkada) bank asosida sos Ehtiyot bo'ling! sogol ‘chunk kkravat, karavot ‘mol go'shti ivo awval, ilgar!, burun ‘ishonmog quyida, quyidagi kamar otrindiq velosiped katta mitliard ora ‘murch taxta, doska (Rus) malla on sullamog luzka ‘esmoq ko'k, ko'k rang Yogimlt ishtaha! kitod etik chegara tug‘ilmoq rahbar, boshliq bezovta qilmoq kosa o's'il bola bo'tim ‘mard, dovyurak, jasur non (n) tanaffus (v) sinmoq rnonushta kelin kuyov482. APPENDIXE brother brown build building bus businessman busy but butter buy buyer by the way bye =e cabbage all capital car carrot cat catch a cold celebrate center century ceremony certainly chair charming cheap cheese chess chest chicken child chin choose chop cigarette city class classic ‘classroom classroom objects clean client /customer climate clock close closet cloth ‘aka (older), uka (younger) Jigarrang qurmoq ino avtobus tadbirkor band lekin, ammo, birog sariyog* ‘sotib olmoq xaridor ‘aytgancha, aytganday xayr ‘karam- telefon qilmoq, chagirmoq poytaxt mashina, avtomobil sabzi smushuk shamolamoq rishanlamog markaz sr marosim albatta stul, kursi fey, jozbatt arzon pishlog, sir shahmat ko'krak tong ‘farzand, bola ‘yok tanlamoq to'g‘ramoq sigaret shahar ars rmumtoz, Kassik sing sinf jihozlari toza, tozalamoq mijoz, xo'randa (at the restaurant) jalim soat yin, yopmoq shkof mato clothing cloud coffee cold colleague colorful come ‘compare compile ‘complain complaint computer condition. confession consisting of contagious continent continue converse cook correct cotton ‘cough cousin country cream crime ‘cucumber ‘cumin ‘current ‘custom customs apis damage dance date daughter day December dedicate delicate department. descend describe dessert destroy dialogue kiyim, kiyim-kechak ulut kofe, qahva sowug hhamkasb rang-barang, rangli kelmog solishtirmog tuzmoq shikoyat gitmoq shikoyat kompyuter ahvol tavba dan iborat yugunti git’a davom ettirmoq suhbatlashmoq covgat pishirmog to'g'ri paxta yotalmoq xolavachcha, ‘ammavachcha, tog‘avachcha, ‘amakivachcha mamtakat, daviat gaymoq Jinoyat ‘boatring zira hozirgi, hozirgi kundagh tudum uurf-odat zarar rags, raqsga tushmoq sana giz kun dekabr bag‘ishlamoq ozik fakultet tushmog, kamaymoq tasvirlamoq shirinlik, desert buzib tashlamoq, vayron qilmoq dialog, suhbatdictation die difference different difficult dirty disaster discover dish dislike district disturb divide divorce divorced do doctor documentary film dog door doubt drought dress drink. drive drop drug store drugs drunk SEE ‘each other ear early earrings earth earthquake easily east eat. economist economy effect effect ese eight ejighty elbow elect election end diktant Vafot etmog, otmog fara thar xil, turth ‘iin Kir, iftos ofat ixtiro qilmog, topmog taom yomon ko‘rmog tuman bezovea qilmoq bottmog, ajratmoq, ajrashmog ajrashgan 4ilmog, bafarmoq shifokor, vrach xujjatli film it eshik sshubha urg‘ogchitik ko'ylak ichmoq hhaydamog (mashina, velosiped) tomchi dorixona, apteka dori, dori-darmon mast bir-biri quloq barvagt, erta zirak yer ailzila ‘bemalol, osongina sharq yemog, ovgatlanmog igtisodchi igtisod ta’sir ta’sir qilmog tuxum ssakkiz ssakson tirsak tanlamog, saylamog saylov oxir, yakun, tugamoq English enter equipment. especially evening event every every day everyone exam excuse excuse me existent expensive extremely eye eyebrow eyeglasses aEA face fall fall (from ladder, etc.) fall (rain, snow) fall in love familiar family far fat father father-in-law feature film February fever few fiancé field fifty fight fill out filling finance find fine finger finish first fish fist five floor English-Uzhek Glossary 483 ingliz kirmoq jihoz ayniqsa ‘kechqurun- vogea hhamma, har bir har kuni fhamma imtinon bahona kechirasiz mavjud, bor gimmat juda, nihoyatda, o' hoz gosh ‘ko‘zoynak yu, oft kuz vyiqilib tushmoq yo3'moq sevib golmoq tanish olla wz0q ssemiz, yos' ota gaynota baaity film fevral isitma kam, oz ayia dala ellik urushmoq to'ldirmoq to'yimli rmotiya topmoq yaxshi barmoq tugatmog, bitirmog birinehi balig, baliq tutmoq rmusht besh qavat484 APPENDIXE flour flower fy fy follow (rules, traditions) food foot for for example. forehead foreign foreign language foreigner forest forget formal fortune teller forty free (of charge) French (people) French (language) frequently Friday friend fries from fruit try fulfill full future sae game garden generally German sirt sive slad g0 gold golf good goodbye good-looking govern graduate un sul () pashsha () uchmog rigya qilmoq ovgat, ozig-ovgat oyoq chun ‘masalan, misol uchun peshana xorijiy chet tili, xorijiy til chet-ellik o'rmon ‘unuemog rasmiy folbin girg to'rt Fransiya ozod, erkin bepul, tekin fransuz fransuz tili tez-tez juma do'st, o'rtoq, dugona salomka dan ‘meva qovurmog bajarmog to‘la kelajak o'yin bog umuman ‘nemis, olmon giz, giz bola bermog xursand ‘bormoq, ketmog attin, tilla, zar golf yaxshi xayr kelishgan, ko'rimli, ko'rkam boshgarmoq bitirmog, bitiruvchi graduate student grandchild grandfather grandmother grape graveyard gray great green green tea ‘greens guest guest room guitar ayy. SHis habit hail hair half hallway hand ‘happy hardworking hat he head heal health healthy hear height hello help herb here high hire historic site history holiday home homeland homework honey hospital host hot hotel house housewife aspirant nabira buva buvi uzum ‘mozor ‘kul rang buyuk, ulus’ vyashil kko'k choy ko'kat mehmon ‘mehmonxona gitara vigie dat do'l soch yarim yo'lak, koridor go'l baxtti tirishaog galpoq u ost, kalla tuzalmoq ssalomattik, s0g*tik 509", s0g*-salomat eshitmog bo'y salom yordam, yordam bermoq ott, o'simlik bu yerda ‘baland yollamoq, ishga yollamoq tarixly joy tarix bayram y vatan uy vazifa asal kasatxona, shifoxona ‘mezbon fssiq ‘mehmonxona uy, hovli, xonadon uy bekasihow how many how much however hundred hunery husband eats 1 ice-cream idea ‘tl illness ‘immediately {in my opinion {in your opinion incorrect, indicate influence injection inside ‘inspiration interesting invite it 2 January jar juice duly jump june eK Karakalpakistan Kazakh keep keys khan kind kind kindergarten king knee knife know kyraye Se tabor ladder lamb ganday, qanday glib nechta, nechta gancha lekin, ammo yuz och er men ‘muzqaymoq fikr kasal kasallik darhol, tezda ‘menimcha sizningcha noto'g‘ri belgilamoq ta’sir ko'rsatmoq vukot ich, ichida, ichiga ‘thom gizig, gizigarli taklifgilmog u yanvar banka sharbat jiyul ssakramoq iyun Qoragatpos ston ‘qoz0q saglamog, saglab turmog kalit xon (adj) merhibon tur bolalar bog'chasi shoh, qirol tiza pichoa bitmog Girg'iz ‘mehnat arvon go'y go'shti land last late late late, to be- lazy teat learn leave left (side) leg legend letter library lie down lightning like tion ip list listen live located lonely long {ook at look for love low luck lunch, to have - Sis main ‘mainly make a use of man many map March marketplace married math May meat beef mutten pork medicine medium English Usbek Glossary 485 yer, tuproq oxir, oxirgh ech kech kechikmoq dangasa, ishyoqmas arg *rganmog ketmog ‘chap, chap tomon ‘oyog ‘afsona xat kutubxona yotmoq (0) chagmog ‘yoqtirmog, yaxshi ko‘rmoq ‘her ab ro'yxat tinglamog yashamog, hayat kechirmoq Joylashgan yolg'iz, yakka uzun, uz0q {qaramog (+30) giairmog sevmog ast ‘omad tushlik, tushlik gilmog asosiy asosan foydalanmoq erkak, kishi, odam kop xarita ‘mart bozor lati, turmushga chiqgan (woman), uylangan (man) ‘matematika may go'sht ‘mol go'shti go'y go'shti ccho‘chga go‘shti tibbiyot, dori-darmon (drugs) o'rtacha486 APPENDIXE meet menu method metro midday middle milk million mister mittens modern ‘moment, Monday ‘money ‘month ‘monument more mosque ‘mother mother-in-law mountain ‘mourning ‘mouth move movie multi-storied murder museum music ‘mustache my SNE ame narroq national nationality natural nature near necessary neck negative neighbor nephew never newspaper next next year niece uchratmog, uchrashmoq taomnoma uslub ‘metro tush, peshin o'rtacha, o'rta sut milion meniki Janob qo'lqop. zamonaviy vagt dushanba pul oy haykal yana, ko'proq masjid ona aynona tog" aza ogtiz ko‘chmog, ko'chib ket moq kino ko'p qavatli uy qotillik, qatl etmog, o'ldirmoq muzey ‘musiqa, muzika ‘mo'ylad ‘mening ism, nom, ot (coll) tor milliy millat tabiiy tabiat yagin kerak, kerakli, zarur bo'yin salbiy qo'shni Jiyan hhech qachon -gazeta (also ro'znoma) keyingi, kelasi kelasi yil Jiyan night nine ninety no nobody north nose not notebook nothing novel November now number nurse nutritious =Ols Okay observatory observe occupy October odd (number) offer official oil old fold man cold woman one oneself conion only open ‘opposite order ‘organization originally ‘other ‘owner pe age pair palace parents ark pass pass away pasta pay peace tun to‘qaiz to'qson yor hhech kim shimol burun emas daftar nnech narsa, hech nima sar noyabr hzir, endi ‘ragam hhamshira to'yimti x0'p, bo'pti rrasadxona kuzatmoq egallamoq ‘oktabr toq taklif etmoq rrasmiy 1. yog' 2. neft ari, keksa, eski chal kampir bir oz piyor Fagat, yolg‘iz ‘ochmog garshi buyrug, buyurmoq tashkilot ati, astida boshqa ga, xo'jayin bet, sahifa Juft saroy ota-ona ark o'tmog za ‘emoq, olamdan o'tmoq to'lamoq tinchtikpeaceful peach pearl pen Pencil Pepper Percent period Person personal photo phrase picnic, to have a- picture pilaf pill place plan plane plant plate platter play (a musical instrument) please plentiful plenty poet/poetess Poland Polish polite oor Popular popular (of the masses) portion Post office potato prepare prescription pressure pretty price private Problem process product Province publish pumpkin purse tinch shaftoli rmarvarid ruchke ‘alam rmurch, galampir foiz avr kishi, odam, shaxs shaxsiy surat, foto ibora say, sayilga chigmoq rasm Paloy, osh tabletke o'rin, joy, yer reja, plan uchog, samolyot, tayyora o'simlik likopcha logan chalmoq iltimos, marhamat serob, ko'p ‘mo't, ko‘p shoir/shoira Polsha polyak, polyak tili xushmuomala, odobli kambag‘al, nochor mashhur, taniqti ‘ommabop porsiya ‘aloga bo'timi, pochta kartoshka tayyortamoq retsept bosim chiroyli par xususiy, shaxsiy ‘muammo Jarayon ‘mahsulot viloyat rnashr etmaq, chop etmoq ‘oshqovoq ‘sumka put put (inside) SOE quality question ARs rare rarely read ready Really? rebuilt reception room recess recipe recommend recover relative relevant remedy remnant rent repeat report resemble respect rest, to take a~ result retire retirement return rice rich, ride right (side) ring rite rooster ruin ruler Russia Russian Sc sack sacred sad salad English-Usbek Glossary 487 go'ymoq solmoq sifat savol, masala tansiq kamdan-kam o‘gimoq ‘tayyor Rostdanm? gayta qurmoq abutxona tanaffus retsept tavsiyagilmog tuzaimog darindosh tegishl golmog avo ‘old ‘jar, igaragaolmoq takrorlamoq hisobot o'xshamoq hurmat, hurmat giimoq dam, dam olmoq natija ‘nafoqoga/pensiyaga chigmoa nafaga gaytmog guruch boy hhaydamoq, minmoq ong, o'ng tomon uzuk ‘marosim xona rover vayron qllmog chizg‘ich yugurmog, chopmog ‘Rossiya rus, rus til op lug’ xafa sala488 APPENDIXE salary salt same sash satin Saturday say scar scarf scholar school science sea search season second second (of time) see select sell seller sentence September serve seven seventy shame she sheet shoe short shorts shoulder shrink shy side signature silk since sing singer sister sister-in-law sisters sit situate situation sixty size oytik, maosh uz bir it belbog* atlas shanba ‘aytmog, demoq chandiq ro'mol lim maktab fon dengiz idiruy fast ikkinchi soniya ko'rmoq tanlamoq sotmoq sotuvchi sap sentabr xizmat qilmoq xizmat yetti yetmish wat u varag poyabzal ppakana, past shortik yelka aisqarmoq uyatchang yon imzo ‘ipak -dan beri kuylamogq, ashula aytmoq go'shigchi opa (older), singil (younger) kelin opa-singtl o'tirmoq Joylashtirmoq vazivat olti ottmish razmer, o'Ichov ski sleep slippers small smart smile ‘smoke sneeze snow soil some sometimes son song son-in-law sort soul soup south Spanish spices spicy spill spoon spring stamp stand star started statesman. steam stepfather stepmother still stir stomach stop store storm strawberry street strong student study sugar suit sun Sunday supermarket superstition surgeon ‘chang’ uchmog ‘uxlamoq shippak kichik agit tabassum, jlmaymoq chekmog ‘aksirmoq ‘or yer, tuprog biror, ba’zi ba’zan o'gtil 4go'shi kuyov ur ail sho‘rva Janu ispan ziravor achchig to‘kmog, to‘kib yubormoq goshig bahor rmarka turmoq yulduz boshlangan daviatarbobi bug‘, dimlamoq o'gay ota o'gay ona hati, hali ham aralashtirmoq gorin to'xtamog do‘kon bo‘ron qulupnay ko‘cha baguwvat o'quvchi, talaba o‘gimoq shakar kostyum quyosh vakshanba supermarket irim Jarroh , ashutasweater swim Switzerland an table table (desk) Tajik tailor take tall tandoor oven. tasty tea teacher teacup teahouse teapot teenager television ten text ‘thank thanks Thanksgiving day that that theater then there therefore they thin thirty this thousand, three throat throw Thursday tie tiger tight time today tomato tongue tooth top town tradition traditional sviter ‘suzmoq Shveytsariya Jodval stol tofik tikuvehi olmoq bland, novcha tandir mazalt choy o‘gituvchi_ piyola choyxona choynak o'smir, o‘spirin televizor o'n mmatn ‘minnatdor bo'Imog rahmat ‘Shukronalik kuni u ‘sha, anau teatr so‘ng, keyin o'sha yerda shuning uchun, shu sababli ular es'in ottiz bu ming uch tomog tashlamoq payshanba galstuk yo'lbars tor vat, davr bugun omidor til tish ust, ustida,ustiga shahar urf-odat an’anaviy train tram travel treat tree tshirt Tuesday tulip turkey Turkmen, tum twenty twins two typical au USA ugly uncle under understand unfortunately university until use usually ae vacation valuable various vegetable vegetable oit wait for wake up walk wall ‘warm wash ‘watch water ‘watermelon we ‘weak ‘wedding party English Usbek Glossary 489 poyezd tramvay sayohat, sayohat qilmoq davolamog daraxt: futbolka seshanba lola kurka, indyuk turkman burimog vigirma egizak ikki oddiy AQSh, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari xunuk ‘amaki, tog'a tag, tagida, tagiga tushunmog, angiamoq afsuski universitet -gacha ishiatmog odatda ta'til gimmatbaho, gimmatli xilma-xil, turti, har xil sabzavot o'simlik yog't Juda’ qishlog bet kutmoq tug‘onmog yurmoq devor iliq, yurmog oat sw forme biz kuchsiz kiymog, taqmoq nikoh to‘yi490 APPENDIXE. Wednesday week weight welt well-known west what wheel when where which whistle white who why wide widow / widower wife wind window ‘chorshanba hafta vazn yaxshi- taniqli, mashhur g‘arb nima s'lldirak 4achon gayerda gaysi hushtak chalmoq 0g kim rnimaga, nima uchun keng beva xotin, rafiga shamot deraza wine winter woman work workbook world worry wrap write writer Ye yes. yogurt (plain) you young your ebm zero vino ish ayol ish, ishlamog, mehnat gilmoq ‘mashqlar kitobi dunyo, olam xavotirlanmog, bezovtatanmog o'ramoq yozmoq yorurchi ha gatiq sen, siz, sizlar vyosh sizning nolIndex of grammar terms, topics and language functions Ke ablative case 43, 339 accusative case 87, 91,141 adjective-forming suffixes 237 adjectives 65, 156, 158, 237 adverbs 111, 265 age (telling) 173, 188, 201 agreeing 306, 381 alphabet 20, 2, 405 apologizing 207 apostrophy 11 around the table 272 Be bargaining 222, 223, 224, 225, 230, 374 bazaar 221, 222, 223, 225, 226 being a guest and hosting a guest 260 biographies 45, 186, 197, 200, 430 bor 70, 71, 138, 217, 238 Eou case 43, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 109, 396 causatives 402 clothing 63, 310, 320 colors 156,159 commands 84, 85, 86 complaining 269 compliment 330 compound verbs 220,291 conditional mood 287, 289, 290, 291 congratulations 152 conjunctions 46,315 consonants 7 change in consonant sounds 10,395 consonantal voicing 139 double consonants 10 cursive script 418 Cyrillic alphabet 403 oy, daily routine 104 dasturxon 258 dative case 88 days of the week 113 deb 266 definite past tense 313 demonstrative pronouns 65,396 dialects 53,380 directions (asking for) 97, 100 disagreeing 381 Ba ekan 259 emas 28 emoq edi 193 ekan 259 emas 28 ‘emphatic particles 219 English-Uzbek Glossary 481 ‘expressing ability 241 expressing availability 70, 217 expressing necessity 262 expressing obligation 262 expressing opinion 266 expressing possibility 262 ig family 134 farewells 20,37 favor (asking for) 306 fleeting vowels 139 food 212, 234, 244, 250 forms of address 41,196 Ge genitive case 137, 161, 162492 INDEX: Grammar Terms geography and climate 163, 171, 296, 299 gerund past gerund 366 present gerund 241 giving advice 270 glossary 465, 481 glottal stop 11 greetings 20, 21, 34, 37, 40 He health 334, 347, 348 historical figures 45, 197, 198, 199, 205, 206, 345, 417 holidays 123 hotel (at the) 370 human body 335 oie Tknow that, I believe that 266 imperative 85,397 indefinite past tense 312 interjections 219 interrogative particles 27 intonation 110 intransitive 89, 313 introductions 40, 41, 42, 51,58. invitations 254 =K- kerak 218, 239, 290 Kinship terms 134 a languages 44, 109 leave-takings 20,37 likes and dislikes 115, 192, 317 locative case 69 ee maps 14, 53, 92, 95, 96, 416, 457 menu 248, 249 months 113, 131 Ne names 58 nationalities 44, 47, 49 negation 28, 111 numbers 67, 187, 396 or participles 363, 364 partitives 215 passive voice 368, 402 past events 184 permission (asking) 279 personal predicate endings 24, 396 personal pronouns 23, 396 sen and siz 23 phone (speaking on the) 120, 129 plural 68,399 possessive 137, 139,399 post office (at the) 355 postpositions 161, 195, 339, 400, 401 Hoe quantity 215 question particle 27 question words 65,215, 396 -R- reflexive 313 refusing 306 relative clauses 363 renting an apartment 370, 374 requests 79, 84 restaurant (at the) 233, 234 255 seasons 284, 299 sounds 2, 10,393 stress 11 subordinate clause of time 337 suffix -a (-ya) (emphatic part) 219, 341 -chi 27 -da 69 -da (emphatic part) 219, 223, -dan 43,339 -day 265 -dek 265493 INDEX: Grammar Terms -digan (participle) 364 -dir 26 ~gacha 339 -gan (indef. past) 312 ~gan (participle) 363 ~Ba/-qa/-ka 88 -2i/-ki/-qi 194 -gina 237 220, 291, 366 -ish (3rd.pl) 107, 190 -ish (verbal noun) 261, 317 -kcu (emphatic part.) 219, 223, 224 lar 25, 196, 399 -mogda (pres. cont.) 164 i 87, 141 ing 137 -siz (adj) 237 ta 68, 215, 340 -yap (pres. cont.) 164 -yotgan (participle) 363 -T- tandir 250 tenses 397 definite past tense 190, 192, 397 future tense of intention 342, 398 indefinite past tense 312, 398 present continuous tense 164, 398 present-future tense 107, 109, 113, 397 time of the day 107 time (telling) 112, 292 to’r 260,272 transcripts 387 transitive 89,313 travel 360 eu! Uzbek cuisine 235, 244 Uzbek currency so’m 74,75 Uzbek dialects 21, 380 Uzbek-English Glossary 465 Uzbek grammar in tables 396 Uzbek names 58 Uzbek superstitions 264, 272 Uzbek table etiquette 258, 271 Uzbek traditional clothing 311, 322 ave verbal nouns 261, 317, 399 vowels 3, 393 -w- weather 284 week 113 week (days of the) 131 word order 24, 106, 401 writing letters in Uzbek 59 BY yo'q 70, 71, 138, 217, 238