ToK Presentation 14.

Nov - eolen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
MAX MINUTES : 10
Might need to define the different concepts as Reason, history and language. (fo
und on theory...net
SLIDE 1: INTRODUCTION 1 MINUTE
What to say:
-Introduce myself
-Introduce RLS and KQ
-RLS: Nanjing Massacre Dispute
-KQ: To what degree can one justify historical claims
-How I discovered the RLS:
-History IA Assignment
-First Diaoyu conflict -> Nanjing Massacre
SLIDE 2: RLS: NANJING MASSACRE DISPUTE - 1 MINUTE
What to say:
-Short summary
-Dispute between Japan and China about what really happened when the Japanese
capture the Nanjing city in 1937. (Was the capital b4 Beijing)
-RQ of History IA: "To what extent can the Nanjing Massacre be described as a
genocide?
-The conversation between me and a chinese friend
-How do you know?
-Relevant for today: Ex. Newly errected memorial stone caused outrage... NEED
SOURCE
-History books
-Limitation NEED TO DEEPEN
SLIDE 3: KQ: TO WHAT DEGREE CAN ONE JUSTIFY HISTORICAL CLAIMS - 1 MINUTES
What to say:
-What AoKs anD WoKs to use for the KQ and how they are related to the KQ
-AoKs
-History
-Since the whole presetation is based around history and HISTORICAL KNOWLEDG
E, the main area of knowledge for knowledge question is Hisotry. To
add o
n, this AoK is pretty seperated from other AoKs.
-WoKs
-Language and Reason
-How do we know about this RLS? Because of Language and reason. You recieve
an intepretation from a book or orally, and you deduce your
own ver
sion based on reason.
-How does these AoKs and WoKs help answer the question?
-They will help answer by creating DEPTH AND PARAMETERS, and they will help cl
ear and understand the KQ more.
SLIDE 4: DEVELOPMENT 1# Historical Evidence- 1.5 MINUTES
"First, we should talk about how one can justify historical claims, and then deb
ate on to what degree we can justify it."
What to say:
-Claim: AoK: One can justify historical claims because of history / historical
evidence
-Evidence: Historical Records.

-The Rape of Nanking - Iris Chang

-Records, diaries, photographs and retellings
-in the earlier times, one relied on fairy tales, and then people thought tha
t was true. Now we don't. Will this happen in the future? 10 years
ago... on
e could possibly have believed in a fake video. Now we are all that more critica
l...
-Counterclaim: Historical evidence without reliable sources cannot justify hist
orical claims.
-"The Alleged "Nanjing Massacre""-Takemoto Tadao
-Photograps and bad reasoning- "Who could believe such incredible testimonies
that 190,000 bodies left no traces?"
-Mini-Conclusion:
-Can justify to a large or small degree depending on the historical evidence p
resented.
SLIDE 5: DEVELOPMENT 2# Language - 1.5 MINUTES
What to say:
Talk about the History_ToK.doc
-Claim: One can justify historical claims due to language
-Evidence: Historical evidence <- language
-Counterclaim: Different intepretations, accents, dialects, translated language
loses meaning. Unique perspectives and stuff.
-Mini-Conclusion: blurring the truth purposely or not and can possibly cause ne
w (false) intepretations. Hviskeleken
SLIDE 6: DEVELOPMENT 3# Reason - 1.5 MINUTES
What to say:
-Claim: One can justify historical claims due to reason
-Define what is meant by reason
-Evidence: Based on trust (?) Justifies the historical claim due to having fam
ily members that actually think its right
Having reliable news before, you justifies on that source that it i
s true
-Counterclaim: False/ Ironic / Faux sources / telling lies? NEED SOURCE ON THIS
.
-Mini-conclusion: Should usually be trusted, but cannon be 100% ratified and ca
n sometimes be false.
SLIDE 7: CONCLUSION - 1 MINUTES
What to say:
-State Conclusion: One can justify historical claims to a large degree.
-This is due to: Historical evidence, which justifies..., Language, which justi
fies... and reason, which justifies...
-Explain an example of someone with different culture that can see things diffe
rently?
What to say:
-State and explain the conclusion
-State how the conclusion is supported by the mini-conclusions
SLIDE 8: LINK BACK TO THE RLS - 1 MINUTE
What
-So
h of
the

to say:
we have concluded the KQ, and if we apply it to the RLS, we can see why bot
the different sides believe in their own cause. Mention the conclusion on
history IA, maybe?

What to say:
-A conclusion -> RLS

-------------------------------------------------------------------What to say:
-Claim for WoK/AoK 2#
-Supported by evidence
-Counterclaim for WoK/AoK 2#
-Supported by evidence
-Mini-Conclusion
People's congress decided that the 13. december every year will be the national
memorial day for the nanjing massacre.