DIVISON 2 SITE CLEARING

Site- Clearing- Section 02100

SECTION 02100
SITE CLEARING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.

Description....................................................................................................................... 2

2.

Construction Requirements .......................................................................................... 2

2.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 2

2.2 Clearing and Grubbing and Tree Removal................................................................. 2
2.3 Topsoil Stripping ............................................................................................................ 3
2.4 Protection of Areas Designated to Remain................................................................. 3
2.5 Disposal of Cleared Material ........................................................................................ 3
3.

Measurement and Payment .......................................................................................... 4

3.1 Method of Measurement ............................................................................................... 4

3.2Basis of Payment..4

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

02100

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DIVISON 2 SITE CLEARING

Site- Clearing- Section 02100

SECTION 02100 - SITE CLEARING

1.

DESCRIPTION
This work consists of clearing, grubbing, removal of top soil, and removal and
disposal of all vegetation and debris within the project limits, excepting those
objects designated to remain in place or to be removed in accordance with other
sections of these Specifications.
This work also includes the preservation from injury or defacement of all
vegetation and objects designated to remain.

2.
2.1

CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL
The Engineer will establish the limits of work and designate all trees, shrubs,
plants and other things to remain. The Contractor shall protect and preserve all
items designated to remain.

2.2

CLEARING AND GRUBBING AND TREE REMOVAL

(a)

All surface objects and all trees, timber, rotten wood, stumps, roots, snags,
brush, other vegetation, rubbish, and other protruding obstructions, not
designated to remain, shall be cleared and/or grubbed, including disposal
as required. Only trees of diameter greater than 200mm measured 1.0 metre
above ground level will be paid for separately under sub-section 02100-2.
Trees and brushes smaller than this will be dealt with under Clearing and
Grubbing.

(b)

In areas under roadway embankments, from which top soil or unsuitable

materials are to be removed or which are designated to be compacted, all
stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth at least 80 cm below the
original ground surface and at least 80 cm below the bottom of the designed
lowest pavement layer.

(c)

In roadway cut areas, all stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth of
not less than 50 cm below the finished subgrade level.

(d)

Clearing and grubbing of pits, channel changes, and ditches shall be made
only to the depth necessitated by the excavation within those areas.

(e)

Voids left after removal of roots shall be filled with suitable material and
compacted.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISON 2 SITE CLEARING

2.3

2.4

Site- Clearing- Section 02100

TOPSOIL STRIPPING
(a)

In areas under roadway embankments or where designated by the Engineer,

the Contractor shall remove the topsoil and dispose it of as directed by the
Engineer.

(b)

In general the removal of topsoil shall include only the removal of soil
which is sufficiently fertile to encourage or sustain the growth of vegetation.

(c)

Removal of topsoil over any designated area shall be to the depth of 20cm
below the original ground and at least 30cm under the bottom of the lowest
road foundation layer. This excavated soil shall be stockpiled separately
from other excavated material.

(d)

Where topsoil is to be used for dressing of the slopes of embankment or

other areas as directed by the Engineer or as indicated on the drawings, the
work of topsoil stripping will be deemed to include stockpiling of topsoil
when necessary as well as removal, placing and spreading of topsoil in
areas designated by the Engineer. After spreading, the topsoil shall be
raked to form a smooth surface free from weeds, roots, sods and large
stones.

PROTECTION OF AREAS DESIGNATED TO REMAIN

In areas designated by the Engineer, the Contractor shall be responsible for the
protection and routine maintenance of existing shrubs, trees and grassed areas.
On completion of the Works these areas shall be returned to the Employer in the
same condition as before and any damage due directly or indirectly to the
Contractor's operations shall be made good at the Contractors own expenses.

2.5

DISPOSAL OF CLEARED MATERIAL

(a)

The Contractor shall have the right to use un-saleable timber (or saleable
timber when permission is granted in writing by the appropriate
government agency or authority) for his own purposes in connection with
the Contract; always provided that he has ascertained and complied with
the requirements of the relevant government agency or authority.

(b)

Saleable timber shall be neatly stored in an approved accessible place

within or near the right-of-way as directed and shall be trimmed and
stacked in accordance with the requirements of the relevant government
agency.

(c)

All other timber, except timber to be used, and all brush, stumps, roots, logs,
and other refuse from the clearing and grubbing operation shall be disposed
of at locations provided by the Contractor.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISON 2 SITE CLEARING

(d)

3.
3.1

3.2

Site- Clearing- Section 02100

The roadway and adjacent areas shall be left with a neat and finished
appearance. No accumulation of debris shall remain on or adjacent to the
right-of-way.

MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
(a)

Clearing and grubbing, topsoil stripping and protection of designated areas,

will be together be considered as Clearing and Grubbing, and will be paid
for by the square metre based on measurement results at the site and the
area approved by the Engineer. Tree removal and protection of trees
designated to remain in place will be considered as Removal of Existing
Trees and will be paid for by number of trees removed of minimum
diameter 200 mm as accepted by the Engineer. Removal and protection of
tree of diameter less than 200mm shall not be paid for separately.

(b)

Clearing and grubbing and tree removal and protection in disposal sites,
material sites, borrow pit sites, haul roads and temporary construction areas
shall not be paid for when such sites are outside the areas designated for
clearing and grubbing. The Contractor is permitted to exercise his own
option as whether to use such disposal sites or borrow pit sites.

BASIS OF PAYMENT
The work measured as provided above shall be paid for based on the appropriate
unit price shown in the Bill of Quantity. The payment shall be full compensation
for furnishing all labour, materials, tools, equipment and incidental necessary to
do the work and for doing Site Clearing (Clearing and Grubbing including
removal and other necessary works) Removal of Existing Trees in the designated
areas and locations directed by the Engineer. Payment shall include costs for
removal and dipsosal of the resulting materials.

Pay Item No.

Name

Unit of Measurement

02100-1

Clearing and Grubbing

square metre

02100-2

Removal of Existing Trees(dia.>200mm)

each

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

SECTION 02200
DEMOLITION AND REMOVAL OF EXISTING STRUCTURES
AND OBSTRUCTIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.

Description......................................................................................................................6

1.1 Submittals.........................................................................................................................6
2.

Construction Requirements.........................................................................................7

2.1 General .............................................................................................................................7

2.2 Removal of Buildings and Other Structures (Bridge, Culvert) ................................7
2.3 Removal of Curbs ...........................................................................................................9
2.4 Removal of Pavements, Footpaths, etc. .....................................................................10
2.5 Removal of Traffic Signs ..............................................................................................10
3.

Measurement and Payment .......................................................................................10

3.1 Method of Measurement..10

3.2 Basis of Payment ...........................................................................................................10

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

02200

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

SECTION 02200 - DEMOLITION AND REMOVAL OF EXISTING

STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS

1.

DESCRIPTION
Demolition and Removal of Existing Structures consist of the removal, wholly
or in part, and satisfactory disposal of blocks of masonry of an individual size
greater than 1 cubic meter, of all buildings, hedges, fences, structures,
pavements regardless of their nature (asphalt, concrete, etc.), curbs, and any
other obstructions which are not designated or permitted to remain. Demolition
includes the salvage of designated materials and proper backfilling (in
accordance with specification requirements) of any and all trenches, holes and
pits resulting from demolition and removal work.
Right-of-way acquisition may not be completed in all areas at the start-up of the
construction period and the Contractor shall schedule the work associated with
this Specification Section accordingly.
Obstructions or other items that are designated for removal and disposal
elsewhere in the Contract Documents shall be dealt with in accordance with the
relevant stipulated requirements.

1.1

SUBMITTALS
The Contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer, for respective
approval prior to starting the work, the following:
(a)

Shop Drawings in accordance with the provisions of Specification Section

01200 Contractors Drawings, including detailed information regarding
the drainage structures, curbs, pavements, etc. to be demolished and
removed in accordance with the provisions and indications of this
Specification Section.

(b)

Complete details of the method, equipment and schedule to perform the

demolition and removal work pertinent to this item.

(c)

Inventory of the materials that could be recovered from demolition work,

stockpiling of suitable material from stripping that the Contractor intends
to use for other items.

(d)

Detailed drawings showing the areas for disposal of the material from
this item, or for stockpiling of the recovered material if it is planned to be
used for other items.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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2.
2.1

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
GENERAL
Demolition and Removal of Existing Structures shall be executed by the
Contractor within and adjacent to roadways and on right-of-ways, as shown on
the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer.

2.2

(a)

The Engineer may instruct that materials recovered from demolition work
shall remain the property of the Employer unless specifically provided
otherwise in the Contract Documents.

(b)

All designated saleable material shall be removed, without unnecessary

damage, in sections or pieces that may be readily transported, and shall
be stored by the Contractor at specified places on the Project as directed
by the Engineer.

(c)

Basements or cavities left by structure removal shall be back-filled with an

acceptable material to the level of the surrounding ground and, if within
the prism of construction, shall be compacted in accordance with
Specification Section 03400 Embankment Construction. There will be no
separate payment for backfilling and compaction of the resulting cavities.

(d)

Demolition and Removal of Existing Structures include salvage of

materials removed, their custody, preservation, and storage on the rightof-way or any other locations as may be designated by the Engineer or the
Employer, or disposal as provided herein.

(e)

All the material resulting from the demolition of existing structures, or

obstructions, shall be removed from the Site in accordance with the
requirements for Unsuitable Material stipulated in Specification Section
03100 Common Excavation.

(f)

In the case that the material to be removed is, in the Engineers opinion,
usable for other items, the volume of the re-usable material shall be
measured and paid only for the item for which it will be used.

(g)

Upon demolition, the Contractor shall take photo to record actual

conditions of the works to be demolished and submit as supporting
documents for acceptance and payment.

REMOVAL BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES (BRIDGE, CULVERTS )

(a)

The Contractor shall inspect each building to be removed and determine

by himself the work involved and the equipment and materials required
for such demolition work. The Contractor shall take responsibility for
removal of any small house or small works which is not shown in the
Drawing.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

(b)

The Contractor shall arrange for the discontinuance of all utility services
that serve the building or buildings in accordance with the respective
requirements and regulations of the relevant government agencies and
utility agencies involved.

(c)

The Contractor shall disconnect and properly seal, in a manner approved

by the relevant local government agency or agencies responsible and the
Engineer, all sewer outlets that serve any building or buildings that the
Contractor is directed to remove.

(d)

The Contractor shall keep the Engineer informed of his plans for the
performance of any work in connection with the sealing off of such
outlets in order that proper inspection may be provided at the time the
work is performed.

(e)

The Contractor shall conduct his operations in such a manner as to avoid

hazards to persons and vehicles. After work is started on any building,
the work on that building shall be continued until completion, promptly
and expeditiously.

(f)

All debris shall be removed from basement areas and concrete floors
broken. The area shall then be filled with previous backfill material
simultaneously with the breaking of the foundation walls so that the
previous backfill material will be well integrated with the pieces of
broken concrete.

(g)

Existing underground storage tanks on the Site or within the buildings

shall be removed and disposed of by the Contractor. The Contractor shall
take all necessary precautions during the removal of the fluid from the
tanks and the removal of the existing tanks. Where tanks are removed, the
Contractor shall backfill with suitable materials at the Engineers
instruction and this backfilling work shall not be measured and paid for
separately.

(h)

Operations necessary for the removal of an existing structure or

obstruction, which may damage new construction, shall be completed
prior to placing the new work, unless otherwise provided in the Contract
Documents.

(i)

Bridges, box culverts, concrete pipes and other drainage structures in use
by traffic shall not be removed until satisfactory arrangements have been
made to accommodate traffic. Unless otherwise directed, the substructures
of existing water structures shall be removed to the extent necessary to
avoid influence on new works.

(j)

In this regard where portions of the existing structures lie wholly or in

part within the limits for a new structure, they shall be removed to

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

accommodate the construction of the proposed structure. Where only a

section of the existing structure is to be demolished, the Contractor shall
execute this work in such a way as to avoid damage to the section
designated to remain. All details of the Contractor's proposed working
method shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to
commencement.

2.3

(k)

For measurement of bridge demolition the area for payment shall be

calculated by multiplying the actual length of bridge between front faces
of the abutment walls by the width of bridge deck measured between the
outer faces of the deck slab and shall include footpaths and/or curbs.
While measurement of bridge length is taken between abutments it shall
be clearly understood that the rate for demolition shall include for the
removal of the whole of the bridge including abutments, superstructures
and substructures.

(l)

Unless waived in writing by the Engineer, all concrete removed that is of

suitable size for rip-rap and not needed for such use on the Project, shall
be stockpiled at locations designated by the Engineer, for use by the
Employer.

(m)

Usable components of steel, wood and concrete bridges shall remain the
property of the Employer and when directed by the Engineer to be
salvaged, shall be carefully dismantled without damage. Steel members
shall be match marked, unless such match marking is waived by the
Engineer. All salvaged material shall be stored as requested by the
Engineer.

REMOVAL OF CURBS
(a)

Existing curbs designated for removal, including their bases, shall

previously be broken into pieces, the size of which shall not exceed 300
mm in any dimension and heaped up at the location designated in the
works for use of the Employer. If not, it shall be disposed under the
Engineers instruction.

(b)

Removal of existing curbs shall be undertaken in such a manner as to

avoid damage to existing pavements and curbs which are designated to
remain.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

2.4

REMOVAL OF PAVEMENTS, FOOTPATHS, ETC.

(a)

2.5

3.
3.1

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

Irrespective of their thickness or nature, all asphalt or concrete pavements,

footpaths, or other hard surfaces designated for removal, shall previously
be broken into pieces, the size of which shall not exceed 300 mm in any
dimension, and be transported and disposed at the location designated
for the works for use of the Engineer, if not, it shall be disposed under the
Engineers instruction. Removal of pavements shall be carefully
undertaken to avoid damage to abutting sections of pavement or
structures designated to remain. If the pavement or foothpath or other
hard surface portion to be removed has dimension of less than 10m3 or if
it is necessary to excavate balast rock, gravel or similar materials for
subbase or base courses, this work is deemed to be unsuitable material
as specified in Specifications item 03100 Common Excavation.

REMOVAL OF TRAFFIC SIGNS

(a)

Where directed, traffic signs including steel frames shall be carefully

dismantled, removed and stored where directed by the Engineer.

(b)

Concrete foundations designated for removal shall previously be broken

into pieces, the size of which shall not exceed 300 mm in any dimension.
The concrete shall be tranported, disposed at the locations designated on
site for use of the Employer of disposed under the Engineers instruction.

MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

The quantities to be paid for according to these Specifications or as directed by

the Engineer, shall be cubic meter or square meter or linear meter depending
upon the nature of structure and obstructions demolished accetably within the
limits as directed by the Engineer.
Demolition required for the Permanent Works will be measured for payment
while demolition for haul roads, borrow areas and all the Temporary Works
will not be measured for payment.

3.2

BASIS OF PAYMENT

The work measured as provided above shall be paid as undermentioned. The payment shall be full compensation for furnishing
all labour, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals necessary to
do the work and for doing all the demolition in the designated
locations or areas as specified in these Specifications, including back
filling if necessary. The unit price for any work under this clause will
be deemed to include any precautions or special working methods
necessary to avoid damage to abutting material designated to remain.
Any such damage shall be rectified by the Contractor at his own
expense. All work shall be as directed by the Engineer including the
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

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DIVISION 2 - SITE CLEARING

Demolition & Removal of Existing Structures-Section 02200

removal of all structures mentioned in Section 02200 and disposal of

all the resulting material.
Pay Item No.
02200 -1

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

Name

Unit of Measurement

Demolition

m3

02200

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