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61
Roof
LAYOUT PLAN
LAYOUT PLAN
R.C.
Slab
Shed Roof
Void
62
Roof
Gable Roof
Straight slope falling from ridge to eave, creating a
peak or triangle on the side or front facade. The
inclination can't exceeding 30 degrees.
Shed Roof
Type Of Truss
Triple Howe
Sloping Flat
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Roof
Metal Deck
Reflecting sun and heat to protect dwelling from damaging ray and
weathering.
Aluminum Foil
Rock Wool
Steel Rafter
Aluminum Foil
Rock Wool
Aluminum Foil
PE (Polyethylene)
Kraft Paper
Reinforcing Glass Fibre
Aluminum Foil
Made by multi layer radiant barrier of low
emissivity and It will stop as much as
97% of radiant heat transfer.
Sisalation
Insulated
Made from stone wool which are fire
resistance, excellent acoustics and thermal
control, durable in lifetime , sustainable
materials and reduce waste.
Uninsulated
64
Roof
INSTALLATION PROCESS
Installation Process
Flat Roof
Pitched Roof
65
Roof
ROOF TERMINOLOGY
Roof Terminology
Ridge
Gable
Valley Rafter
Common Rafter
Soffits
Jack Rafter
Fascia
Valley Rafter
Ridge
Pipe
Gable
Hip Rafter
Common Rafter
Jack Rafter
Verge
Fascia hangs down below the bottom line of roof tiles. Soffit is the
horizontal surface that fit the gap between the bottom of the
fascia and the wall for ventilation.
Eaves
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Roof
TRUSS TERMINOLOGY
by lim choon wah
Truss Terminology
Apex
Top Chord
Purlins
Collar Ties
Posts
Webs
Bottom Chord
Top Chord
Apex
Collar Ties
Purlins
Nail Plate
Posts
Webs
Wall Plate
RC Wall
Bottom Chord
Normal Span
Brandering
Splice
Overhang
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Roof
Joint
JOINT
Steel Rafter
Aluminum Hollow
Rectangular Bar
Power Tools
Purlins
Aluminum Hat
Channel
Aluminum C
Channel
Aluminum
Channel
Aluminum Z
Channel
Hammer Drill
Screw
Steel Brackets
L- Shaped of steel
brackets.
Square steel
brackets.
To show the joint between steel brackets and screw to hold the aluminum channel and
onto the masonry bricks.
Tapping
range up to
10ga mean
0.25cm for
aluminum
thickness.
A screw
tapping
through the
aluminum
channel.
Properly driven
Driven straight,
good penetration
and compressed
firmly against the
surface.
Improperly driven
Driven misaligned, overdriven,
and under driven which could
contribute to leakage and poor
engagement.
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Roof
Connection
CONNECTION
Internal Support
Connection
Apex Connection
Posts
L-Brackets
Bottom Chord
Bolt Penetrate In
Min. 50mm
Apex Plate
Top Chord
King Posts
R.C. Beams
Bottom ChordX
Section X - X
End Connection
Top Chord
Brick Wall
L-Brackets
Upper
Beam/
Brick
Wall
Bolt Penetrate In
Min. 50mm
SelfDrilling
Screw
Posts
L-Brackets
Brick Wall
Bolt Penetrate In
Min. 50mm
L-Brackets
Posts
L-Brackets
Bolt Penetrate In
Min. 50mm
Posts
Bolt Penetrate In
Min. 50mm
Bottom Chord
R.C. Beams
Bottom Chord
Bottom Chord
R.C. Beams
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Roof
Bracing
Purlin Bracing
BRACING
Purlin which bolted above the top chord to limiting
any bending movement and the spans for each is
700mm.
Top Chord
Web Bracing
W
Top Chord
Purlin
Bracing
Top Chord
Section W - W
Purlin
Bracing
Side View
Plan View
Web Bracing
Posts
Collar Tie
Bottom Chord
Front View
Post Bracing
Vertical sway bracing must be required
between the top and bottom chords of adjacent
trusses to provide resistance against lateral
Z
wind and seismic forces.
Post
Bracing
Post
Bracing
Bottom Chord
Section Y - Y
Y
Bottom Chord
Bracing
Side View
Collar Tie
Collar Tie
Plan View
Side View
Z
Section Z - Z
Front View
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Roof
Mechanical Services
Ventilate pipe
Electrical
Upper R.C. Beam
The electrical
wires were
applied into
the PVC
casing and
tied with
aluminum wire
between the
bottom chord
or R.C. Beam
Ventilation Pipe is
an extension of the
waste that runs up
through the roof to
the exterior for
venting of exhaust
gases and to
maintain
atmospheric
pressure in the
waste system.
PVC Casing
Aluminum Wire
L-Bracket
Vent
Flashing
Ceiling
Roof
Rafter
Water Tank
Wall
Ceiling
Workers
The ceiling panels were supported by the
bottom chord and the concrete beams by
hanging with suspension rod.
Steel
Beams
Suspension
Rod Bracket
Suspension
Rod
Suspension
Clip
Ceiling
Panels
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Roof
Flashing
FLASHING
Ridge Flashing
Screw
Ridge
Metal deck
Closure
Silicone
Pipe Flashing
-Flexible, weather resistant EPDM
rubber or silicone
-Aluminum base is flexible to
conform to any panel profile
-Grey EPDM is ozone and
ultraviolet resistance
-Appropriate pipe size diameter
listed on flashing to assure proper
fit
Material
Installation Process
Fastener
Sealant Tube
Ventilate
Pipe
Edge Flashing
Properties
-Grey TPE
3) Mold the
flexible base to
the panel
contours
Installation Process
Material
1) Apply
the
sealant
along the
corner
Applications.
2) Apply sealant to
the bottom of the
base to seal up
4) Than
apply
heat to
seal
edges
2) Apply
splice tape
on the
dekstrip
5) Install
the
fasteners
on the top
& bottom
edge
3) Than
put
another
dekstip
over the
tape
6) Apply
additional
sealant on
both
fastened
edges
72
Roof
Gutter System
GUTTER SYSTEM
Metal Decks
Drop Outlet
End
Gutter
Joiner
Corner
Purlins
Elbow
Hanger
Gutter
Leading the
rain water from
metal decks to
it.
Connector
Downspout
Downspout Clip
Gutter
135 Internal
Angle
R.C.
Beam
Stop Ends
Fascia
PVC Downspout
Joint Connector
Gutter
90 Internal Angle
Soffit
Fascia Bracket
Scupper
Internal Drain
Potential leakage area at
drain same like scupper
73