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Governor Yadav aims to publish a book Tatya Tope: Ek Swatantrata Sangram Senani,
to correct the error in MP school textbooks.
PS: Tamilnadu class11 textbook also agrees with Governor Yadav. Page 107, Tatya hanged for
Kanpur massacre.
1928,
HSRA recruits new members, including Bhagat Singh.
Sept
1928,
Lahore SP Scott orders brutal lathicharge on Lala Lajpat Rai during protests against
Oct-Nov Simon commission. HSRA decides to avenge his death.
1928,
Dec
1929,
April
Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw bomb in the Central assembly, Delhi to
protest against
Public safety bill: Mainly to stop Communist movement in India by cutting it off from
British & foreign communist organizations.
Trade dispute bill: jail and fine for striking workers and trade unions.
After bombing, they voluntarily surrendered.
(As per Britannica, He bombed to protest against Defense of India Act.)
Bhagat had met Batukeshwar while working in Hindi daily Pratap in Kanpur
For this bombing, they got life sentence. (Bhagat hanged for Saunders).
1931
Bhagat Singh wrote a pamphel Why am I an Atheist while in jail.
From Bhagat singhs letters and writings, we can see he was influenced by Karl Marx,
Mazzini, Garibaldi, Tolstoy, Rousseau, Voltaire and Gorky.
1931, FebruaryGandhi-Irwin Pact (Delhi Pact). Lord Irwin rejected Gandhis demand of
commuting Bhagat Singhs death penalty to life sentence. Chandrasekhar Azad killed in a police
encounter in Allahabad, Alfred park.1931, March 23Hanged along with Rajguru & Sukhdev, at
Shadman Chawk, Lahore. for the Lahore Conspiracy case i.e. Murder of Saunders.
Yes, but Why in news?
May 2014: A Lahore lawyer found out the original FIR from Anarkali Police station.
The original FIR doesnt mention the names of any individual. But it only describes the
physical looks of the assailants.
So, it seems British officials would have added the names later.
Special tribunal had awarded death sentence to Bhagat Singh, without listening to 450
eye witnesses
Bhagat singhs lawyers were not given opportunity to cross examine the eye witnesses
Special tribunal promulgated an ordinance which stopped Bhagat singh from appealing in
High Court.
Now this Lahore Lawyer Imtiaz Qureshi, has filled a petition in Highcourt to prove Bhagat
Singhs innocence in this case.
Ghadar Party
Q. [GS Mains Paper 1] Write a note on the historic contributions of Ghadar party in
Indias struggle for independence. (10 marks | 200 words)
First brainstorm for ideas:
1. Are all years important? no, just focus on three: 1913 (setup), 1914: Komagata
2. Are all freedom fighters important? no, just focus on four: Hardayal, Premanand,
Bhkana, Ras Bihari
3. Canada, oppression
4. journal
5. mutiny idea- ship arrests
6. Ras Bihari fails,
7. two parties in India
Now lets create 200 words
Answer keypoints
During early 1900s, Canadian govt. had started imposing restriction on the immigration
and political rights of South Asians.
1913: Lala Hardayal, Bhai Parmananda and Sohan sigh Bhakhna setup Hindi Association
of Pacific Coast.
They started weekly journal Ghadar, in English and vernacular languages to expose
British exploitation of Indian economy and promote Nationalism among masses. Thus,
became famous as Ghadar party.
1914: Gadar leaders called upon all Indians abroad to return to India and wage an
armed revolt against the British- akin to 1857s mutiny.
But British authorities became alert, passed orders to detain people. This led to arrest of
Ghadarites from Namsang and Toshamaru ships.
1914: Komagata Maru ship was carrying Sikh immigrants to Canada. But Canada did not
allow them to enter. Ship returned Kolkata, but Immigrants refused to go back to
Punjab. Clashes with police, several deaths.
Later Rash Bihari Bose tried to wage an armed revolt but failed.
They also setup Kirti Kisan Party for workers and peasants in Punjab; Revolutionary
Party of India in Bengal and UP.
Despite their repeated failures and oppression under British, Ghadhar party created a feelings of
unity, sacrifice, nationalism and internationalism among the masses within India and abroad.
~205 words.
only 1 and 2
only 1 and 3
only 2 and 3
All of them
Correct answers
1. D none
2. C for communist
3. b only 1 and 3