Analele Universitii din Craiova, seria Agricultur Montanologie Cadastru Vol.

XXXIX 2009

STUDIU PRIVIND INFLUENA BACTERIZRII I A METODEI DE

SEMNAT ASUPRA RECOLTEI LA FASOLEA CULTIVAT PENTRU
BOABE
STUDY REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF BACTERIZATION AND OF
THE SEEDING METHOD UPON THE SEED BEAN YIELD
ANDRONACHE MARIA
Banats University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara
Key words: seed bacterization and seeding technology.

REZUMAT
Cercetrile s-au efectuat n Cmpia de Vest a rii, teritoriul Foeni, zon cu un
potenial termic n intervalul februarie-noiembrie de 3935C i cu o medie multianual a
precipitaiilor de 585,8 mm. Tipul de sol pe care s-au urmrit experienele este un
cernoziom vertic-gleizat moderat cu reacia solului mAp slab acid (pH 6,75)cu humus n
primii 50 cm, mijlociu aprovizionat cu fosfor i bine aprovizionat cu potasiu. Au fost testate
noi tulpini bacteriene create la Facultatea de Agricultur din Timioara (Fss 2, Fss4, Fss6 i
Fss9). Cele mai multe nodoziti s-au format n varianta bacterizat cu Fss2. S-a testat
efectul semnatului n culise comparativ cu semnatul n rnduri la 50 cm la soiurile Avans
i Diva, rezultatele evideniind diminuarea recoltei de la 1448 kg/ha n varianta semnat
la 50 cm la 739 kg/ha n varianta semnat n culise la care se adaug i 3850 kg porumb.
SUMMARY
The researches were carried out on the Western Plain (Cmpia de Vest) of our
country, a region with a thermal potential of 39-35C in the period February November
and with an average multiannual precipitation of 585,8 mm. The type of soil on which the
researches were carried out was a moderated gleyed vertic chernozem with a light acid
mAp soil reaction (pH 6,75) with humus in the first 50 cm, average supplied with phosphor
and well supplied with potassium. Tested were new bacterial strains created at the Faculty
of Agriculture from Timioara (Fss2, Fss4, Fss6 and Fss9). Most of the nodosities appeared
at the variant bacterized with Fss2.
Tested was the effect of slide seeding compared to the row seeding at a distance of
50 cm between rows for the varieties Avans and Diva. The results showed a yield
decrease from 1448 kg/ha in the variant seeded in rows, with a distance of 50 cm between
rows, down to 739 kg/ha in the variant seeded in slides, with added 3850 kg maize
INTRODUCTION
The seed bacterization for all vegetables cultivated for seeds is a very actual theme.
This measure reduces the nitrogen fertilizer doses necessary for the crop with up to 70%
and ensures a soil well supplied with nitrogen, proper for the crop to follow within the crop
rotation.
How to obtain a new Rhizobiumstrain, more virulent and resistant to some stress
factors (the soil pH-value, the nitrogen content of the soil etc.) remains a topical interest.
The bean seeding methods significantly influence the crop level. Seeding in slides,
by alternating the bean rows with maize stripes, in order to create a more favourable
microclimate for the bean, represents an important problem, as the climate on the plains of
our country becomes more and more arid.

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Analele Universitii din Craiova, seria Agricultur Montanologie Cadastru Vol. XXXIX 2009

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The tested bacterial strains were selected in the Microbiology laboratory of the
Faculty for Agriculture from Timioara. Tested were the strains Fss2, Fss4, Fss6 and Fss9,
and the bean variety used was Avans. Four doses were used for the quantity to be
seeded per hectare.
The determination of the number of nodosities was done in two stages, after 30
days from seeding and when the first flowers appeared.
The second experiment was bifactorial, where the A factor was represented by the
bean variety, with two graduations, that is the Avans variety respectively the Diva variety,
and the B factor was the seeding method with two graduations, seeded in rows, with a
distance of 50 cm between rows, and seeded in slides. Important to mention is the fact
that the second method, the slide seeding, was done with 6 maize rows seeded at a
distance of 70 cm between rows, and 12 bean rows, seeded at a distance of 50 cm
between rows.
THE RESEARCH RESULTS
Referring to the researches on testing of some new Rhizobium strains, there have
been done the determinations of the number of nodosities formed on the radicular system
of the plants. The determination were done a month after the plants sprouted and we did
another set of determinations when the first flowers appeared.
The results of these determinations are presented in Figure 1.
As about the first determination done a month after the plants sprouted, we noticed
that at the reference plant, which was not treated, the number of formed nodosities was of
6,4. Fss2 evidentiated itself of all tested bacterial strains, its number of nodosities being of
21,4. The other variants, treated with Fss4, Fss6 and Fss9, the number of nodosities was
closed or even inferior to that determined for the reference variant.
The second series of determinations, the one done when the first flowers appeared,
showed, that the number of nodosities increased for all variants, being of between 14 at
the reference variant and 27,4 at the variant treated with Fss 2. At the variants bacterized
with the bacterial strains Fss6 and Fss9, the number of nodosities was inferior to that of the
reference variant.
The results lead to the conclusion that the Fss2 strain may be recommended for
bean seeds bacterization.
n r.

30

27,4

25

21,4

20

17,2
14

15

9,4

10
6,4
5

6,6
4,2

3,2

4,4

Mt
Fss Fss4 Fss6 Fss9
Mt
Fss2
Fss4
Fss6
NONBACTERIZED
NONBACTERIZED
2
30 days after plant sprouting
When the first flowers appeared
Fig. 1. The variation of nodosities /plant according to the used bacterial strain

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Fss9

Analele Universitii din Craiova, seria Agricultur Montanologie Cadastru Vol. XXXIX 2009

The researches done for the bean slide seeding alternating with maize are
motivated by the need of creating a more favourable microclimate for the bean crops.
The research carried out aimed at creating some slides with a multiple of 6 maize
rows alternating with 12 bean rows.
The obtained yields are given in Table 1. These results show that the average yield
obtained for the two seeding methods was of 1274 kg/ha for the Avans variety and of only
361 kg/ha for the Diva variety. The yield difference is very significantly negative.
For the two seeding methods the results underline a difference of 738 kg/ha in
favour of row seeding with a distance of 50 cm between rows.
To the bean yield of 739 kg/ha must be also added the maize yield of 3850 kg/ha,
which motivates the slide seeding.
At the end of the analyses, to the yield results shall be also added the protein
production per surface unit.
A final conclusion might be deducted after calculating the economic efficiency.
The yield results obtained for the slide seeding
Table 1
The A factor
The Variety

Avans
Diva

The seeding method

b1 50
cm
1746
1150

b2 seeded in
slides
803
676

The averages of the A factor

Yield kg/ha

Difference kg/ha

Signification

1274
100
913
72
-361
000
DL5% = 82 kg/ha DL 1% = 105 kg/ha DL0,1% = 146 kg/ha

The averages of the B factor

Specification
b1 50 cm
b2 seeded in slides
Yield kg/ha
1448
739
%
100
51
Difference kg/ha
-738
Signification
000

3850

kg /h a
4000
3500
3000
2500

1448

2000
1500

738

1000
500
0

DL5% = 69kg/ha DL 1% = 163 kg/ha DL0,1% = 535 kg/ha

Bean
Simple rows

Bean
Maize
Slide seeding

CONCLUSIONS
1. The number of nodosities was decisively influenced by the bacterial strain used
for treating the seeds.
The highest number of nodosities, 21,4 - determined 30 days after the plants
sprouted, respectively 27,4 - determined when the first flowers appeared, was obtained for
the variant treated with Fss2.
2. For the slide seeding with six bean rows seeded at a row distance of 50 cm
alternating with 12 maize rows we obtained a bean yield of 738 kg/ha and a maize yield of
3850 kg/ha, as compared to the bean yield of 1448 kg/ha, obtained for the variant in which
the bean was seeded in rows, with no alternating crop, the distances between rows being
of 50 cm.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Axinte, M., Roman, Gh., Borcean, I., Muntean, L.S., Fitotehnie, Editura I.Ionescu de
la Brad Iai, 2006
2. Borcean I., Borcean A., Tehnici de cultur i protecie a cerealelor i leguminoaselor
pentru baobe, Timioara, Ed. de Vest, 2003
3. Cojocaru, C., Borcean, I., Kessler, I., Rezultate experimentale privind cultura mixt
porumb fasole pe dou tipuri de sol la Berzovia, Timioara, Lucr. t. I.A.T., vol. X,
1967.
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