PLASTIC EMULSION PAINTS, METAL PAINTS, CEMENT PAINTS

PAINTS:INTRODUCTION:-Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition which after

application to a substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film.

Paint can be applied as a solid, a gaseous suspension (aerosol) or a liquid. Techniques
vary depending on the practical or artistic results desired.
As a solid (usually used in industrial and automotive applications), the paint is applied
as a very fine powder, and then baked at high temperature.
This melts the powder and causes it to adhere (stick) to the surface. The reasons for
doing this involve the chemistries of the paint, the surface itself, and perhaps even the
chemistry of the substrate (the overall object being painted). This is commonly referred
to as "powder coating" an object.
As a gas or as a gaseous suspension, the paint is suspended in solid or liquid form in a
gas that is spray on an object. The paint sticks to the object. This is commonly referred
to as "spray painting" an object.
Paint application by spray is the most popular method in industry. In this, paint is
atomized by the force of compressed air or by the action of high pressure compression
of the paint itself, which results in the paint being turned into small droplets which travel
to the article which is to be painted.
Rollers generally have a handle that allows for different lengths of poles which can be
attached to allow for painting at different heights.
Generally, roller application takes two coats for even color. A roller with a thicker nap is
used to apply paint on uneven surfaces. Edges are often finished with an angled brush.
Oil-based paints when dry tend to be very durable, washable, and long-lasting. The
paint would take about almost 1 day to dry.
Water-based paints tend to be the safest, and easiest to clean up after usingthe
brushes and rollers can be cleaned with soap and water.

EMULSION PAINTS:-

INTRODUCTION:-Emulsions are a mixture of two substances that do not mix. One of

the substances is dispersed in the other. Emulsions have a clouded look due to the
various substance boundaries that scatter light rays passing through them. Emulsions
are not formed naturally and are generally unstable. Paints are a kind of emulsion. It
is based on acrylic and provide a smooth matt finish to the walls.
The process of application of emulsion paints: The surface should be prepared for the use of emulsion.
The paint is applied in usual manner with brush, spray or roller.
The paint dries by evaporation of water content. As soon as the water is
evaporated, the film becomes hard and the next coat can be applied.
The thinning of emulsion is done with water, not with turpentine.
Thinning with water is required for under coat which is applied on absorbent
surface.
The finishing surface should present a smooth finish.
ADVANTAGES:-

It is extremely durable and provides a smooth matt finish to the wall.

It has excellent adhesive property.
It is washable and easy to maintain.
It is easy in application and has quick drying properties, non objectionable odor
and good workability.
METAL PAINTS:INTRODUCTION:-Metal paint, also called polychromatic or "metal flake" paint,
is used on the majority of new automobiles sold. Metal paint can reveal the
contours of bodywork more than non-metallic, or "solid" paint, Close-up, the
small metal flakes included in the paint create a sparkling effect.

TYPES & PROPERTIES:-

 Metallics nearly always consist of a base coat with a clear lacquer or urethane
top coat for protection and extra gloss.
Historically, it was difficult to achieve an invisible repair if the paint was
damaged because it is critical at which angle the flakes in the paint lie. Modern
techniques have more or less eliminated this problem.
Two rarer variations are pearlescent paint, which appears as subtly different
colours depending on the angle and intensity of the light, and "flip" colours
where the colour changes more radically (e.g. from purple to orange)
depending on the viewing angle.
Flip colours have been used by Nissan on some special editions, and are
frequently associated with TVR cars.
A final variation, hardly ever used on automobiles but common on bicycles and
motorcycles, is "flamboyant" or "candy apple" paint.
This consists of a metallic silver base coat covered with a translucent coloured
lacquer, or more commonly urethane. Flamboyant paint gives an unusual effect
of depth, but is almost impossible to touch up after damage without leaving an
obvious mark.
CEMENT PAINTS:INTRODUCTION:-A paint consisting generally of white portland cement and water,

pigments, hydrated lime, water repellents, or hygroscopic salts; usually applied over
masonry surfaces as a waterproofing. Cement paints are covered under Powder Paints
which are used for exterior cemented walls, all types of masonry surfaces and can also
be used for Interior as well as exterior masonry cemented surfaces.
Cement paints are composed of the following ingredients: Pigments
Binder
Additives
Solventswater, which is added before application.

The pigment portion consists of prime pigments like Titanium Di Oxide, Carbon Black,
Phthalocyanine blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Red Oxide etc. with suitable quantity of
extenders like whiting, china clay etc.

SPECIFICATIONS: Before painting new surfaces, it should be thoroughly cleaned and free from
efflorescence.
Previously painted surfaces should be washed out or brushed down. But if the
surface is in powdery or flaking condition, it should be removed by scraping or
wire brushing,
Cement Paint normally should not be used on non-absorbent surfaces, such as
glazed bricks or neat cement finish or previously flat oil or enamel painted work.
Two coats of cement paint are usually sufficient on a new surface. Cement Paint,
in powder form, is to be thinned with water for applying by brush or spray.
Cement paint is to be made into a creamy consistency by adding three volumes
of Cement Paint to one volume of water. Normally cement paint must be added
to water and not water to cement paints.
The above paste is diluted to a suitable paint consistency by adding, while
stirring; further 2-3 volumes of water. According to the painting instructions, the
surface is to be prepared and saturated with water. I
Immediately after the excess surface water disappears, one coat of Cement paint
thinned with water previously is to be applied. After 4-6 hours, the surface is to
sprinkled again with water.
When dry, usually overnight, the surface is to be wet with water as done earlier
before first application and second coat of Cement paint is to be applied in the
same way and water sprinkled after 4 to 6 hours.