INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART

Eocene

Lutetian
Ypresian

Paleocene

Thanetian
Selandian
Danian
Maastrichtian

Santonian
Coniacian

Mesozoic
Cretaceous

Turonian
Cenomanian

13.82
15.97
20.44

Barremian
Hauterivian
Valanginian
Berriasian

Sinemurian
Hettangian
Rhaetian

28.1
33.9
37.8
41.2
47.8
56.0
59.2
61.6
66.0
72.1 0.2
83.6 0.2
86.3 0.5
89.8 0.3
93.9
100.5

~ 125.0
~ 129.4
~ 132.9
~ 139.8
~ 145.0

Pliensbachian

Upper

Lower
Lopingian

Ladinian
Anisian
Olenekian
Induan
Changhsingian
Wuchiapingian
Capitanian

Guadalupian

Wordian
Roadian
Kungurian

Cisuralian

Artinskian
Sakmarian

Middle

Asselian
Gzhelian
Kasimovian
Moscovian

Lower

Bashkirian

Upper

Serpukhovian

Middle

Visean

Upper

182.7 0.7

~ 237
~ 242
247.2
251.2
252.17 0.06
254.14 0.07
259.8 0.4
265.1 0.4
268.8 0.5
272.3 0.5

Tournaisian

Givetian
Eifelian

Pragian

Pridoli
Ludlow
Wenlock
Llandovery

Upper

Ludfordian
Gorstian
Homerian
Sheinwoodian
Telychian
Aeronian
Rhuddanian
Hirnantian
Katian
Sandbian

Middle

Lower

Darriwilian
Dapingian
Floian
Tremadocian

290.1 0.26

Stage 10

Furongian

295.0 0.18
298.9 0.15
303.7 0.1
307.0 0.1
315.2 0.2
323.2 0.4

Series 3

Jiangshanian
Paibian
Guzhangian
Drumian
Stage 5

Series 2

330.9 0.2

Stage 4
Stage 3
Stage 2

358.9 0.4

Tonian

Terreneuvian

Stenian

393.3 1.2
407.6 2.6
410.8 2.8
419.2 3.2
423.0 2.3
425.6 0.9
427.4 0.5
430.5 0.7
433.4 0.8
438.5 1.1
440.8 1.2
443.8 1.5
445.2 1.4
453.0 0.7
458.4 0.9
467.3 1.1
470.0 1.4
477.7 1.4
485.4 1.9
~ 489.5
~ 494
~ 497
~ 500.5
~ 504.5
~ 509
~ 514

Mesoproterozoic

Ectasian
Calymmian
Statherian

Paleoproterozoic

Orosirian
Rhyacian
Siderian

Neoarchean
Mesoarchean
Paleoarchean
Eoarchean

Hadean

850
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2050
2300
2500
2800
3200

3600
4000
~ 4600

Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in

the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries
in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained
numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided.
Numerical ages for all systems except lower Pleistocene,
Permian,Triassic, Cretaceous and Precambrian are taken from
The Geologic Time Scale 2012 by Gradstein et al. (2012);
those for the lower Pleistocene, Permian, Triassic and Cretaceous
were provided by the relevant ICS subcommissions.
Coloring follows the Commission for the
Geological Map of the World (http://www.ccgm.org)

~ 529

Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard

(c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, October 2014

541.0 1.0

~ 635

Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global

Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower
boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long
defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Charts and
detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website
http://www.stratigraphy.org. The URL to this chart is found below.

~ 521

Fortunian

numerical
age (Ma)

~ 541.0 1.0

Cryogenian

382.7 1.6
387.7 0.8

GSSP
GSSA

GSSP

Eo
n

GSSP

o th
e
Er
a th m / E
on
em
Sy
ste / Era
m
/P
e ri
od

Middle

283.5 0.6

346.7 0.4

Lower

372.2 1.6

Lochkovian

~ 208.5

Neoproterozoic

Frasnian

Lower

199.3 0.3
201.3 0.2

~ 227

Famennian

Emsian

190.8 1.0

Norian
Carnian

Middle

174.1 1.0

Devonian

Jurassic

Lower

23.03

~ 113.0

Aptian

Toarcian

Upper

157.3 1.0

System / Period

Ediacaran

Precambrian
Proterozoic

11.63

Albian

Lower

o th
e
Er
a th m / E
on
em
Sy
ste / Era
m
/P
e ri
od

7.246

Campanian
Upper

Eo
n

5.333

Middle

Eonothem
/ Eon Erathem / Era

358.9 0.4

152.1 0.9

163.5 1.0
166.1 1.2
168.3 1.3
170.3 1.4

numerical
age (Ma)

Archean

Bartonian

3.600

Stage / Age

~ 145.0

Silurian

Priabonian

2.58

Oxfordian
Callovian
Bathonian
Bajocian
Aalenian

Series / Epoch

Cambrian

Rupelian

1.80

Kimmeridgian

numerical
age (Ma)

Phanerozoic
Paleozoic
Ordovician

Paleogene

Chattian

0.781

Mississippian Pennsylvanian

Aquitanian
Oligocene

Phanerozoic

Serravallian
Langhian
Burdigalian

Upper

0.126

Triassic

Miocene

0.0117

Permian

Tortonian

Stage / Age

Tithonian

Carboniferous

Cenozoic
Neogene

Pliocene

present

Upper
Middle
Calabrian
Gelasian
Piacenzian
Zanclean
Messinian

v 2014/10

International Commission on Stratigraphy

Series / Epoch

Mesozoic

Pleistocene

numerical
age (Ma)

Paleozoic

Holocene

Stage / Age

Phanerozoic

Quaternary

Series / Epoch

GSSP

Eo
n

o th
e
Er
a th m / E
on
em
Sy
ste / Era
m
/P
e ri
od

www.stratigraphy.org

To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated)
The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204.
URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2014-10.pdf