Kada ponavljamo neto to je neko kazao, moemo doslovno da navedemo njegove rei:

He said: "I like it."

She asked: " Is it ready?"
john said:" Bring me my coat, please."

Ovakav nain ponavljanja tuih rei naziva se upravni ili direktni govor.

Meutim, ako ne navodimo doslovno ono to je neko rekao, ved to ponavljamo svojim reima mi pri
tom inimo izvesne izmene. Ovakav nain ponavljanja tuih rei naziva se neupravni ili indirektni govor.

STATEMENTS

Vedina ovih izmena su uslovljene logikom situacije i sredu se i u drugim jezicima.

Zbog promene lica koje govori i vremena na koje se radnja odnosi, nastaju sledede promene:
I he/she
you he/she/I
we they
you ( mnoina) they/we
here there
this/these that/those
yesterday the day before/the previous day
tomorrow the next day/the following day

next week the next week/the following week

today that day (ili se izostavlja)
tonight that evening/that night
ago before (ili se izostavlja)
(-days ago) (-days vefore)

Prema pravilima o slaganju vremena u indirektnom govoru nastaju sledede gramatike promene:
The present tense the past tense
am was
is was
are were

The present progressive the past progressive

am coming was coming
is doing was doing
are cleaning were cleaning

The present perfect simple tense the past perfect simple tense
have worked had worked
has written had written

the present perfect progressive tense the past perfect progressive tense
have been reading had been reading
has been writing had been writing

The past tense the past perfect simple tense

played had played
drove had driven

The past progressive tense the past perfect progressive tense

was sleeping had been sleeping
were talking had been talking

the past perfect simple tense se ne menja!

the past perfect progressive tense might, should, ought to
the future tense the future-in-the past
will + infinitive would + infinitive

the future progressive tense would + be + verb + ing

will be travelling would be travelling

modal verbs
can could
may might
would / could/ might/ should/ought to se ne menja!

Kada je glagol kojim poinje reenica u indirektnom govoru u prolom vremenu u slededoj reenici ili
reenicama, menjaju se prema pravilima o slaganju vremena u engleskom a reenice se mogu spojiti
veznikom that.

"My brother is coming today."

She said /that/ her brother was coming /that day/. Kazala je da njen brat dolazi tog dana.
"I willll never believe such a thing".
He said that he would never believe such a thing. Rekao je da nikada
nede poverovati u tako neto

" I was working all afternoon yesterday"

He said that he had been workig all afternoon the day before.

Primedba:
Meutim ako je predmet ili lice u kom se govori u indirektnom govoru pred nama ili smo na mestu na
koje se u indirektnom govoru cilja onda se this, here, no, itd ne menja u that, there, then, itd.
Tom said :"This is my book".
Tom said that this/ i. e. the book before us/ was his book.

He said:"The custom is now obsolete".

He said that the custom was now obsolete.

She said:"People can't expect wonders here". /i.e. in this town.

She said that people couldn't expect wonders here.

Kada je glagol kojim se poinje reenica u indirektnom govoru u prezentu, sadanjem perfektu, ili futuru
vremena u slededoj reenici ili reenicama ne menjaju se.

Tom says:"I'm wrong"

Tom says that he is wrong.

Tom has just told me: "I'm worng".

Tom has just told me that he is wrong.

Tom will tell you:"I'm wrong".

Tom will tell you that he is wrong.
Isto tako ako se u indirektnom govoru izraavaju prirodni zakoni, opte poznate istine i injenice ili
navike i uobiajene radnje, glagoli mogu ostati u prezentu.

Little Tom said: "The earth is round"

Little Tom said that the earth is round.

QUESTIONS

Ako se indirektnim govorom saoptava tue pitanje, onda se umesto glagola koji izraava prost iskaz
mora upotrebiti glagol koji izraava pitanje, tj. umesto glagola say ili tell upotrebljavaju se glagoli
ask,inquire,wonder ili want to know.
Upitne reenice u kojima u direktnom govoru nema nikakve upitne rei u indirektnom vezuju se za
glavnu reenicu veznicima if (sa li) ili whether*i+.

"Are you staying in this hotel?"

Tom asked me if/whether I was staying in that hotel.

"Has the chief signed the letter?"

Tom wondered whether the chief had signed the letters.

"Will you come to the lecture?"

He asked whether you would come to the lecture.

Primedba:
a) Red rei u indirektnim pitanjima isti je kao u potvrdnoj reenici, tj. nema inverzije kao u direktnom
pitanju.
b) U pitanjima koja poinju nekom upitnom rei- [i]who, when,which,why, what, how,itd.- ova re spaja
reenicu kojom poinje indirektni govor sa slededom.

John said to me:"Why don't you go home?"

John asked me why I didn't go home.

He said to the man:"Where are you going?"

He inquired of the man where he was going.

I said:"Who is going with you?"

I asked who was going with him.

http://fotkica.com/uploads2N/90174_892459133_reported%20speech.xls

COMMANDS

Zapovedni nain upotrebljen u direktnom govoru zamenjuje se infinitivom sa to. Pri tom u glavnoj
reenici najede se upotrebljavaju glagoli: to tell, to ask, to want, to order, to command

"Shut the door, please."

He asked me to shut the door.

"Don't shout."
She ordered us not to shout.

"Be here in time."

I was told to be there in time.

SAY-TELL

Primedba:

Say

glagol to say upotrebljava se kad navodimo tue rei.

He said:"I don't think so."

My mother said:" Bring the soup in, will you?"
She said: " Be careful!"

Glagol say nikada se ne upotrebljava sa imperativom u indirektnom govoru. Umesto njega moramo
upotrebiti : tel, want to, ask, order, itd.

He said:"Sit down, please."

I was told to sit down.

She said:"Give me the pencil."

She wanted me to give her the pencil.

He said:"Bring it here."
He ordered me to take it there.

Tell

Glagol tell nikada se ne upotrebljava kada se navode tue rei. Zahteva objekat koji mora biti lice.

He said:"I'll come soone."

He told me that he would come soon.

They said:"He has just gone."

they told us that he had just gone.

He said to them:"I can help you, if you like."

He told them that he could help them if they liked