Cases

Declension of guavantu (virtuous)

Masculine Ending in U
Singular
Plural

Nom, guav

guavanto,
guavant

Acc

guavanta

guavante,
guavanto

Ins

guavat,

guavantebhi,

guavantena

guavantehi

Dat, guavato,

guavata,

Gen

guavantassa, guavantna

Abl

guavat,

guavantebhi,

guavantamh, guavantehi
guavantasm
Loc, guavati,
guavante,

guavantesu

guavantamhi
Voc, guava,

guavanto,

guava, guav guavant

Declension of Feminine
Cases

Singular

Plural

Nom,

guavat, gunavant

guavat,

guavant,

guavantiyo
Acc

guavati, guavanti

guavat,

guavant,

guavantiyo
Ins

guavatiy, guavantiy

guavatbhi,

guavathi,

guavantbhi, guavanthi
Dat, Gen guavatiy, guavantiy,

guavatna, guavantna

Abl

guavatbhi,

guavatiy, guavantiy

guavathi,

guavantbhi, guavanthi,
Loc,

guavatiy,

guavatiya, guavantsu, guavatsu

guavantiy, guavantiya
Voc,

guavat, guavant

guavat,
guavantiyo,

The following are declined similarly: -

guavant,

dhanavantu rich
balavantu = powerful
bhnumantu = sun

ravi, suriya,

bhagavantu = the Exalted one;

fortunate
paavantu = wise
yasavantu = famous
satimantu = mindful
buddhimantu = intelligent
puavantu = fortunate
kulavantu = of high cast
phalavantu = fruitful
himavantu = the Himalaya, possessor
of eyes
cakkhumantu = possessor of eyes

slavantu = virtuous, observant of

precepts
bandhumantu = with many relations
Note: The suffix vantu (endowed with, possessed of) is
added to a noun or adjective which ends in a i.e.
phala + vantu = phalavantu (fruitful).
The suffix mantu (possessed of) is added to a noun or
adjective which ends in any vowel i, u, other than
a.
Sati (mindfulness) + mantu (possessed of) =

satimantu

mindful

Declension of the masculine nouns ending in

Vid (wise man or knower)
Cases
Nom, Voc,
Acc,

Singular

Plural

vid

vid, viduno

vidu

vid, viduno

Ins
Dat, gen

vidun

vidbhi, vidhi

Viduno, vidussa

vidna

vidumhi,

vidsu

Loc,

vidusmi

pabh = over lord

sabba = the omniscient one
attha = knower of the meaning
vada = charitable person
vi wise man
matta = temperate; one who knows the measure
Adverbs of time
kad = when ?
tad = then
sad = ever, always
idni = now
ajja = to- day
suve = to- morrow
hyo = yesterday
yad = when, whenever
ekad = one day ; once
pacch = afterwards
pur = formerly, in former days

sya = in the evening

pto = in the morning
parasuve = day after tomorrow
parahyo = day before yesterday
Exercise 10
Translate into English
1. bhagav ajja sotrna dhamma desessati.
desessati (3rd, sg, fut, di) will preach
bhagav (nom, m, sg) The fortunate one
dhamma (acc, m , sg) the doctrine
ajja ( indec) today
sotrna ( dat, m , pl)
Today, the fortunate one will preach doctrine to the
hearers.
2. bhikkhavo bhagavanta vandisu.
vandisu (3rd, pl, past, vand) worshipped / bowed
down
bhikkhavo (nom, m, pl) the monks
bhagavanta ( acc, m, sg) to the Fortunate one
The monks worshipped/bowed down to the fortunate
one.
3. cakkhumanto sad bhnumanta passanti.

passanti (3rd, pl, spa) see

cakkhumanto (nom, m, pl) the possessors of eyes / the
persons having eyes
sad (indec) always
bhnumanta ( acc, m, sg) the sun
The persons having eyes always see the sun.
4. Tad balavanto vehi ar paharisu.
paharisu (3rd, pl, past, h) struck
balavanto (nom, m, pl) The powerful ones
ar (acc, m, pl) enemies
vehi (ins, m ,pl) with the bamboos
tad (indec) then
Then the powerful ones struck the enemies with the
bamboos.
5. kad tumhe dhanavanta passissatha ?
passissatha (3rd, pl, fut, spa) will see
tumhe (nom, pl, pro) You
dhanavanta (acc, m, sg) the wealthy
kad (indec) when
When will you see the rich man?
6. suve maya slavante vandissma.
vandissma (1st, pl, fut, vand) will worship

maya (nom, pl, pro) we

slavante (acc, m, pl) virtuous
suve ( indec) tomorrow
Tomorrow we will worship the virtuous ones.
7. bhagavanto sabbauno bhavanti.
bhavanti (3rd, pl, bh) become
bhagavanto (nom, m, pl) the fortunate one
sabbauno ( nom, m, pl) The omniscient one
The fortunate ones become / are the omniscient ones.
8. viduno kulavato geha gacchisu.
gacchisu (3rd, pl, gam) went
viduno ( nom, m, pl) the wise men
geha (acc, m, sg) the house
kulavanto (gen, m, sg) of high caste
The wise men went to the house of the high caste one.
9. hmavati kapayo ca pakkhino ca isayo ca vasisu.
vasisu (3rd, pl, vas) lived
hmavati (loc, m, sg)
kapayo (nom, m, pl) the monkeys
ca (ind) and
pakkhino ( nom, m, pl) the birds
isayo (nom, m , pl) the sages
The monkeys, birds and sages lived in the Himalaya.
10.

puavato natt buddhim bhavi.

bhavi (3rd, pl, bh) became

natt (nom, m, sg) The grandson
buddhim (adj, nom, m, sg) intelligent
puavato (gen, m, sg) fortunate
The grandson of the fortunate man became (was)
intelligent.
11.

Kulavata bhtaro dhanavanto na bhavisu.

bhavisu (3rd, pl, bh) became

bhtaro (nom, m, pl) brothers
dhanavanto (adj, nom, pl) rich
na (ind) not
Kulavata (gen, m, pl) of high caste ones
The brothers of high caste ones did not become (were
not) rich.
12.

aha himavantamhi phalavante rukkhe passi.

passi (1st, m, sg, pas, spa) saw

aha ( nom, sg, pro) I
rukkhe (acc, m, pl)
phalavante (adj, acc, m, pl)
I saw the fruitful trees in the Himalaya.
13.

pur maya himavanta gacchimha.

gacchima (1st, pl, fut, gam)

maya (nom, pl,pro) we

himavanta (acc, m, sg) to the Himalaya
pur (adv) Formerly, in former days
We went (used to go) to the Himalaya in former days.
14.

Hyo

sya

bandhumanto

yasavata/yasavantna gma gacchisu.

gacchisu (3rd, pl, gam) went
bandhumanto (nom, m, pl) Those who have relations
gma (acc, m, sg) to the village
yasavata (gen, m, sg) the famous village
Yesterday in the evening, those with many relations
went to the village of famous ones.
15.

viuno pacch pabhuno gehe vasissanti.

vasissanti (3rd, pl, fut, vas) will live

viuno (nom, m, pl) The wise men
gehe (loc, m, sg) in the house
pabhuno (gen, m, sg) over- lord
The wise men will live in the house of the over-lord
afterwards.