Bhaironghati PDF

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E.
PROJECT
CHAPTER I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.
INTRODUCTION
The Bhairon Ghati Hydroelectric Project located in
Uttarkashi district of
Uttaranchal envisages utilization of the waters of the river Bhagirathi,
tributary of Ganga for power generation on a run of river type development,

harnessing a head of about 132 m.
The project with a proposed installation of 65 MW (2x32.5 MW) would afford
an annual energy generation of 293.18 GWh in a 90% dependable year. The
tariff from the project at present day cost would be Rs 1.57 /kWh (levellised).
The diversion site is located at Latitude 31o 01 55 N; Longitude 78o 51
35E. The dam site is approachable by road from
Rishikesh
(via Tehri-
Uttarakashi-Gangotri highway) at a distance of 267 km. The nearest rail head

is located at Rishikesh and nearest airport is located at Dehradun.
2.
SCOPE OF WORKS
The Bhairon Ghati HE project envisages construction of :
a 34 m high Concrete Gravity dam across river Bhagirathi to provide

a live storage of
0.853 Mcum with FRL at 2642.0 m and MDDL at
El 2630.00 m;
1 no. desilting chamber of length 230 m (L) and size 12.0 m (W)x 17 m
(H) to remove silt particles of size 0.2 mm and above;
1-1
PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT
a 5.1 km long and 4.5 m dia head race tunnel terminating in a surge
shaft
an 80 m high, 10.0 m dia surge shaft
230 m long, 3.75 m dia pressure shaft
an underground
power house having an installation of 2 Francis
turbine driven generating units of 32.5 MW each operating under a

rated head of 108.93 m; and
190 m long tail race tunnel 5.0 m diameter D Shape to carry the
power house releases back to the river
3.
HYDROLOGY
The river Bhagirathi drains a catchment area of about 2660 sq. km at the
proposed dam site. The water availability for the project i.e. the dependable
flows both for 90% and 50% dependable year have been assessed, based on
Regional model incorporating glacial cover, snow and forest cover and
incorporating data of 17 Gauge Discharge sites (13 CWC sites and 4 state
Govt. sites) in the region utilising the available data for the period 1975-76 to
2001-2002 for many of the sites. The computed inflow series worked out has
been utilized for Power Potential Studies.
The design flood has been
assessed as 8495 cumecs (PMF).

4.
POWER POTENTIAL STUDIES

The available data of water flows on 10 daily basis has been analysed. Water
flows determined on 90% dependable year, have been utilised for computing
power benefits. An installation of 65 MW comprising 2 generating units of
32.5 MW each has been proposed. The energy availability from the project in
a 90% dependable year has been summarized below :
1-2
Annual Energy Generation

Annual Energy Generation (GWh)
293.18
Annual Load Factor (%)
51.49
Energy Output (MWc)
11.13
Load Factor (%)
17.12
Generation during Lean Flow Season
The design energy for tariff at 95% availability in a 90% dependable year has
been worked out as 279.45 GWh.
A pondage of 0.853 M cum has been provided in the diversion dam which
would enable the station to operate as peaking station.
The pondage is
equivalent to 231.94 MWh which is sufficient to operate the station for 3.57
hours.
5.
POWER EVACUATION ASPECTS

The 65 MW power guerated at 11 kv at Bairon Ghati HEP will be stepped upto
220 kv by unit step transformers. The power would be taken to nearby
proposed 400/220 kv Chhamli sub station.
6.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
The project site is located in reserve forest area in Bhagirathi river basin. The
submergence area is 13.27 ha, and majority of land falls under the category
of forest land (8.36 ha). About 0.55 ha of land is coming under reservoir
1-3
submergence. In addition, land will also be required for other project

appurtenances.
Based
on
assessment
of
environmental
impacts,
management plans have to be formulated for acquisition of forest land in

reserve forest area, wildlife conservation, muck disposal, quarry stabilization,
and other environmental issues. These issues would be addressed during the
investigation for DPR.
7.
ESTIMATES OF THE COST

The project is estimated to cost Rs. 296.82 Crores including IDC at June,2003
price level. The preliminary cost estimate of the project has been prepared as
per guidelines of CEA/CWC. The break up of the cost estimates is given
below :
Particulars
8.
Rs. (in Crores)
Civil Works
164.94
Electro Mechanical Works
91.35
Sub Total
256.29
Interest During Construction
40.53
Total (Generation)
296.82
Transmission Works
7.50
Grand Total
304.32
FINANCIAL ASPECTS
As indicated above, the Bhairon Ghati HE Project, with an estimated cost
(Generation only) of Rs. 296.82 Crores (including IDC of Rs. 40.53 Crores)
and design energy of 279.45 GWh in a 90% dependable year is proposed to
1-4
be completed in a period of 5
years.
The tariff has been worked out
considering a debt-equity ratio of 70:30, 16% return on equity and annual

interest rate on loan at 10%. The tariff for first year and levellised tariff (at
power house bus bar) have been worked out as Rs.1.80 /kWh & Rs.
1.57/kWh respectively.
9.
CONCLUSIONS
Bhairon Ghati HE Project involves simple civil works and could be completed
in
5 years. The project would afford a design energy of 279.45 GWh in a
90% dependable year. The cost per MW installed work out to Rs.3.94 Crores.
The Preliminary Feasibility Report indicates that the scheme merits
consideration for taking up Survey & Investigation and preparation of DPR.
1-5
CHAPTER II
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
2.1
GENERAL
In Nov.2000, Uttaranchal State was carved out of thirteen hill districts of
Northern U.P. The state borders with Nepal and Tibet on the east, Central
Himalayas on the north, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh on the west and
northwest respectively.
Geophysically the state has four Mountain Zones namely Foot hills, Lesser
Himalayas, Greater Himalayas and Trans-Himalayas. The mountains are
covered with perpetual snow and glaciers and has gifted the north India a
perennial river system of the Ganga and its tributaries. The tributaries of
Ganga, namely Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, Yamuna and Sarda originate from
the foothills of snow capped peaks and glaciers in the Central Himalayas and
incise their respective courses through the rugged terrain, splash and surge
the steep
gradients and most of the stream offer excellent
potential for
Hydro power development.

The region is blessed with magnificent glaciers, majestic rivers, gigantic snow
capped peaks, Valley of flowers natural beauty and rich flora and fauna.
Many holy shrines have blessed the state spiritually and given the name of
Dev Bhoomi or Land of Gods. The seasonal influx of tourists, the seekers of
peace for visit to the holy shrines and lovers of nature contribute to the state
income.
The state is divided into Kumaon and Garhwal Division with 13 districts
42 tehsils 95 blocks, and 15689 inhabited villages and 73 towns. The
2-1
State has a geographical area of 53119 sq. km which is 1.62% of the total
area of the country and supports 84.8 lakh population which is 0.83% of
the total population of India.
The percentage of villages having population
more than 500 is about 11.4% (1991 Census). The existing majority of
smaller settlements of Uttaranchal pose a serious challenge for economic
infrastructure and lack of services to the far flung places in the hilly terrain
makes Uttaranchal as one of the extremely backward states of India.
It has 76.1% electrified villages as compared to 75.3% of villages of U.P.
The average per capita consumption of electricity is 245.57 kWh whereas
Dehradun and Nainital consume 480.81 and 447.33 kWh respectively
with a minimum consumption of 43.7 kwh in Uttarkashi.
2.2
POWER SCENARIO IN NORTHERN REGION
2.2.1 Present Status

Most of the states in the Northern Region have been experiencing energy
shortage as well as shortage of Peak Power of varying degree. Actual Power
supply position in the Northern Region during the year 2001-2002 has been
as under:
Energy (in MU), year 2001-2002
State
Chandigarh
Requirement
1110
Delhi
Availability
1108
Shortage(-)/
Surplus (+)
(-) 2
%age
0.2
19350
18741
(-)609
3.1
Haryana
18138
17839
(-)299
1.6
Himachal Pradesh
3293
3206
(+) 87
2.6
Jammu & Kashmir
6635
5899
(-) 736
11.1
Punjab
28780
27577
(-)1203
4.2
2-2
State
Availability
Rajasthan
Requirement
24745
24495
Shortage(-)/
Surplus (+)
(-)250
Uttaranchal-U.P
Northern Region
%age
1.0
48332
43545
(-)4787
9.9
150383
142410
(-)7973
5.3
2.2.2 Peak Power (in MW), year 2001-2002

State
2.3
Shortage(-)/
Surplus (+)
0
%age
Chandigarh
Peak
Peak Met
Demand
180
180
Delhi
3118
2879
(-)239
7.7
Haryana
3000
2900
(-)100
1.6
Himachal Pradesh
562
562
0.0
Jammu & Kashmir
1209
999
(-) 210
17.4
Punjab
5420
4936
(-)484
8.9
Rajasthan
3700
3657
(-)43
1.2
Uttaranchal-U.P
7584
6887
(-)607
9.2
Northern Region
24773
23000
(-)1773
7.2
0.0
NECESSITY OF HYDRO POWER DEVELOPMENT IN UTTARANCHAL
2.3.1 Hydro and Thermal Power Mix

The
main resources
for generating electricity
are by utilising the hydro
potential available along the river drops besides the use of fossil fuel.
Presently the ratio of thermal generation and Hydro-electric generation in
Uttaranchal Power grid, is quite disproportionate. With the diminishing coal
resources and difficult oil position all over the
world, it is necessary that
2-3
electric generation be aimed to achieve the economic balance of 40:60

between the hydro and thermal generation of power, as against the existing
25:75 ratio.
2.4
BRIDGING THE GAP OF HYDRO POWER GENERATION

The requirement of power in Uttranchal is very fluctuating because of many
seasonal and other similar demands of industries. To improve the share of
hydro-power generation it is essential to develop the hydroelectric power
potential of state which is about 15110 MW, of which so far only 8% has been
developed.
The
existing
installed
generating
capacity
in
the
State is about 1286 MW ( 2003 fig) and the whole is contributed by hydro
generation. There is no thermal power generation in the state . The major
hydro power stations under construction in the state are (i) Maneri Bhali,
Stage-II (304 MW), (ii) Lakhawar Vyasi, Stage-I (300 MW), (iii) Lakhwari
Vyasi, Stage-II (120 MW),
(iv) Srinagar H.E. Project (330 MW),
(v)
Vishnuprayag Scheme (400 MW), (vi) Tehri Dam Project, Stage-I (1000 MW),
(vii) Tehri Dam Project, Stage-II (1000 MW),
(viii) Koteshwar Dam Project
(400 MW), and (ix) Dhauliganga H.E. Project, Stage-I (280 MW).
With rising hydro power generation and improving efficiencies in distribution
of electricity, Uttaranchal hopes to offer energy at stable prices for ecofriendly industrial development. Though the state is more or less sufficient
in its energy generation to meet its own requirement, there is an urgent need
to develop its huge untapped hydro power potential in an early and efficient
manner, manage efficiently the hydro generation capacity of existing power
stations and to develop and promote new Hydro projects with the purpose
2-4
of harnessing hydropower resources in the state for economic well being and
growth of the people in the whole region.
In order to meet the load demand satisfactorily, it is considered essential to
maintain a minimum gross margin of about 30 per cent over the projected
peak demand while planning for expansion of power supply facilities.
To bridge the gap between the demand for power and the availability of
power, some of the major hydro-electric schemes identified in Ganga Valley
for development are indicated below :
i
Tapovan
Vishnugad viii
Karanprayag Dam (252 MW)
(360 MW)
ii
Bowala
Nandprayag ix
Lata Tapovan (108 MW)
(132 MW)
iii
Kishau Dam (600 MW)
Vishnugad Pipalkoti (340 MW)
iv
Pala Maneri (416 MW)
xi
Pancheshwar Dam
Loharinag
Pala
(520 xii
Chamgad Dam (400 MW)
MW)
vi
Koth Bhel (1000 MW)
vii
Utyasu Dam (1000 MW)
xiii
Dhauliganga, Stage-II
The location of H.E. Schemes are indicated in Plate-1 enclosed.

2.5
PRESENT STUDIES
2.5.1 With a view to prioritize the large number of identified schemes to harness
vast untapped hydro resources in the order of their attractiveness for
implementation, Ranking studies were carried out by CEA.
Subsequently,
2-5
after consultation process initiated by Ministry of Power with various state

agencies, CPSUs etc., it was considered appropriate that Preliminary
Feasibility Report (PFRs) of selected hydroelectric projects be taken up so
that feasibility of the scheme considered in ranking studies could be
established.
2.5.2 In order to achieve the above objective the present preliminary feasibility
stage report presents the Bhairon Ghati H.E Project located in Uttarkashi
district, as detailed in the subsequent Chapters.
2-6
CHAPTER III
THE PROJECT AREA
3.1
GENERAL
The Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is located on Bhagirathi river immediately after
the confluence of Jadhganga river joining it from the north at Bhairon Ghati
township. The river originates of E1 7010 m from Gangotri glaciers and flow
west wards. It passes through the rugged terrain, incise its course through
steep gradients. The Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is second H.E. Project on
Bhagirathi after Gangotri H.E. Project for development of hydro power in
cascade. Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project utilise the river bedfall of about 100 m
with the intake located at bed level of E1 2610 m and tail race outlet level river
bed at E1 2510.m.
The Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is a Run-off-the-River scheme with the
arrangement of dam and gates a small diurnal storage is created.
It is
proposed to locate the intake at bedlevel EL 2610 m which is about 500 m

down stream after its confluence with Jadhganga river in Uttarkashi District at
Lat. 310 1 55N and Long 780 51 35 E. The project diversion structure site is
approached by railway upto Rishikesh and further 267 km by road via TehriUttarkashi-Jadhganga highway or from Uttarkashi the intake is about 97 km.
The intake proposes to pass a discharge of about 66.4 cumecs through a
head race tunnel of 4.5 m dia (horse shoe shaped) of 5.1 km length to the
under ground power house proposed to be located at Lat 310 2 30 N and
Long 780 48 23 E. The tail race of 190 m long leads the discharges back to
the river.
The power house utilises an average hydraulic head of about
132.0 m.
3-1
3.2
CLIMATE
The available IMD observatory is at Dehradun which hardly represents the
climate of Uttarkashi District. However at Dehradun peak winter extend from
Dec. to Jan. months where the temperature remains at 20 C and during MayJune months the maximum temperature is around 400 C.
Rainfall during
monsoon period (June to Sept. ) is about 2770 mm. Large climatic variations
are experienced with in the sub basins at higher altitudes in the sub basins of
the Ganga. The project is located on the Bhagirathi basin the climate of
Bhairon Ghati could be considered more synonymous to Badrinath Metstation (IMD) which is in the adjoining Alaknanda basin. Here substantial
snowfall occurs during winter months ( Dec.-April) with average seasonal
snowfall of about 4600 mm. Although some snowfall is experienced in other
months also except during June and July months.
3.3
SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE

The entire state has undulating topography with lofty mountains jutting out
and create the rugged terrain with steep valleys. The geology soil texture and
climate are highly variable including the habitation pattern. It has sparse and
scanty population, small sized villages, scattered on the hilly land scape.
Out migration of able bodied person is common, subsistance level agriculture
based economy mostly prevails with marginal holdings, the infrastructural
development becomes very costly.
Uttarkashi District has an area of 15.8% and supports
compared to the state.
4% population as
It has lowest density of population of about 30
persons per sq. km. as against that of 116 persons per sqkm of the state.
The litracy rate both among total (men and female) and female is lowest in the
district standing at 47.2% and 23.6% as against state average of 59.6 and
3-2
42.9% respectively.
It has largest population of schedule casts of about
22.8% against state average of 16.7%.

The main work force of about 75% are engaged in primary and secondary
sectors and balance in allied sectors. As regards land use pattern about 70%
of land is under forest and barran lands.
About 64% of the inhabited villages are connected with road and the
remaining villages suffer because of remoteness and higher altitudes.
As regard rural electrification Uttaranchal has 76.1% electrified village and the
per capita consumption of electricity of the state is about 245.6 Kwh.
However, Dehradun and Nainital have much higher consumption where as
Uttarkashi has the least of 43.7 kwh consumption.
3-3
CHAPTER IV
TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS
4.1
TOPOGRAPHY & PHYSIOGRAPHY

The terrain is highly undulating with jutting peaks, steep valleys the rivulets
and tributaries cut across and negotiate the mountains with rapids and
steep
gradients.
The
major
tributaries
of
Bhagirathi,
Alakananda,
Yamuna, Tons originate from the foot of glaciers and snow capped
peaks.
The pucca road network cover only 64% of the inhabitated
villages in Uttaranchal state and rest of the villages
are not be covered
by roads due to higher altitude and remoteness of the areas. Bhagirathi

river on which
Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is located originates at EL-
7010 m at the foot of glaciers and flow westwards, direction before it joins
Alkananda at Devprayag.
Present PFR studies do not envisage topographical surveys and hence
this write up is confined to physiographical aspects only.
4.2
REGIONAL GEOLOGY
The topography of the area around the proposed scheme is located in inner
parts of
Lesser
Himalayas and
extremely rugged. In
outer parts of
Central
Himalayan
is
Central Himalayan portion the E-W rending strike
ridges are characterized by steep northerly dip slopes and southerly

obsequent escarpments. In the inner parts of Lesser Himalayan Zones, the
trend of ridges has been modified and controlled by the folding of rocks. The
main
drainage of the area is Bhagirathi
River
which
originates form
Gangotri Glacier at Gaumukh. In the upper reach, the river is fed by
4-1
numerous streams such as Jadhganga, Jalandra Gad and Siam Gad. These
streams appear to be subsequence to joints in granite. The drainage pattern
in Central Crystalline country is rectangular. In the rock of
Group,
Garhwal
the tributary streams are mainly transversal.
The Bhagirathi valley is characterized glacial and U shaped upstream of Sukhi

Gaumukh. A rapid down cutting by the river has formed a deep narrow
gorge between Gangotri
up to Jhala Bridge,
and the
Jangla Bridge. Downstream of Jangla,
the narrow gorge has been filled by sand and gravel
due to the silting connected with the damming of river at Sukhi by a

landslide.
Further downstream of
Suklhi, the true profile of valley has
been masked as a result of massive landslides.

The
rock of the area have been grouped in to Garhwal Group,
Crystalline
and the meta
sedimentaries,
possibly
Central
equivalent to Martloi
Formation by Kumar, Agarwal and Mukerjee (1969-79).
The tectonic
sequence observed in the area is as follows:

NORTH
Meta-sedimentaries
Black slates, garnet mica intruded by biotite schist,

quartz-biotite granite, tourmaline schist, garnet-mica
granite aplite & schist, banded augen pegmatite
gneiss (Martoli Formation)
FAULT
Central Crystallines
Kyanie-garnet-mica schist and inter bedded augen

and porphyritic gneiss, banded augen gneiss and
garnet mica schist containing tourmaline, migmatite
zone of mica schist gneiss, granite, amphibolite and
marble/calc- silicate.
4-2
MAIN CENTRAL THRUST (MCT)

Garhwal Group
Upper massive quartzite, white to light grey and green

coloured, fine grained to gritty, occasionally
schistose, current and graded bedded. Metavolcanics
- occasionally with pillow lava structure, lenticular
limestone/dolomite with slate and minor quartzite;
Lower quartzite and slate.
4.3
GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PROJECT COMPONENTS

The Bhairon Ghati Hydro-electric Scheme envisage the utilisation of. 66.4
Cumecs designed discharge and about 100 m of river bed fall available
on the river Bhagirathi between Bhairon Ghati
generation of 11.13 MW firm power with an
MW. The diversion structure
and
installed
site is located at an
Markande
for
capacity of 65
EL 2610.0 and may
encounter problems of snow ice covering the entire river section and
avalanches during the winter months.
At the proposed
550E
diversion
site,
the
river
Bhagirathi
flows from
to N500 W direction . At the site tourmaline granite traversed by
pegmatite veins is exposed on both the banks of the river upto a height of
nearly 60-70 ms. At this height, both the banks have detached/transported
blocks of rocks with soil and support a forest. farther higher up, both the
banks of the river are covered with forest with occasional exposed rock
along the alignment of the dam. The tourmaline granite is white in colour
with dark coloured laths and specks of tourmaline and is designated as
gangotri granite. It is intrusive in the county rock which are represented
essentially by granite gneiss with subordinate bands of schists, quartzite,
phyllite and amphibolite.
4-3
The diversion site of the proposed HE. Scheme has a geological and
topographical, Setting similar to that of the diversion site of the Gangotri
HE. Scheme, located about 9 Km. farther upstream Consequently, the
proposed diversion site also shows similar geological and topographical
deficiencies as far as siting of a dam at the site is concerned.
These
deficiencies are briefly enumerated below:

1.
The
diversion
site is located around
EL 2610.0 m
and
may
experience problems of snow/ice covering the entire river section and

of avalanches during the winter months.
2.
The depth of overburden in the river section at the dam site may be
high and may be of the order of over 10-15 m.
3.
The base width of the gorge at the dam site, limited to approximately
30-40 m is completely occupied by the river
for locating the sedimentation/ de-silting
and there is no space
structure.
Therefore, the
structure may have to be planned underground.

4.
The tourmaline granite is the steep gorge of the river at the diversion
site is highly
jointed
and some of
the joints are quite open.
Therefore, the extent of slumping at rock on both the banks of the

river is likely to be considerable. Consequently,
the
extent of
abutment stripping for removal of slumped rock, in order to found the

diversion structure on sound rock would also be larger. This limit
will have to be proved by exploratory drifts in the next stage of the
project development/planning. However, at the present stage it may
be assigned to be of the order of 10-15m at the HFL of the river
and
25-30m at the crest level of the proposed dam. Slope
stabilization measures above the stripped abutment would have

to be planned and executed soon after stripping operation is over.
4-4
5.
The head race tunnel which would conduct the water to the power
house is located on the left bank of the river Bhagirathi. HRT is
aligned is the direction S 800 E N 800 W.
The tunnel from the
dam site and, for about one-half of its total length would be driven
through the tourmaline granite and remaining one-half of the tunnel
upto the power house site would be driven essentially though the
granite gneiss with subordinate bands of schist, quartzite, phyllite
and amphibolite
of
the
Central Crystalline Group.
These rocks
generally strike N 45 W - S 45 E to N60 W - S 60 E with dip of

450 500 towards north-east. Thus, the headrace tunnel would be
driven at angles of 200 300 with respect to the strike of the rocks.
Such a direction is not very favourable for execution of the tunnel
and may result in some extra overbreak.
The
power
house for
the Bhairoghati HE.
Scheme
was originally
proposed on the surface near the confluence of Sartia Gad
with
river Bhagirathi, opposite village Markande. However, the hill slope

between the left bank of the river Bhagirathi and the right bank of the
Sartia Gad being unstable,
was
suggested
for an
the site was not favoured & hence it

alternative
site
farther upstream of the
location. The alternative site lies about 750 m upstream of the site
proposed earlier. At the alternative site granite-gneiss are exposed
earlier. At the alternative site granite gneiss are exposed at the
motor road level. However,
enough space for locating the power
house on the surface is not available at the site. It is, therefore,

recommended that the power house may be planned as a semiunderground or completely underground structure.
4-5
4.4
GEOTECHNICAL APPRAISAL
The proposed Bhairon Ghati Hydroelectric Project envisages to. utilize the
head along Bhagirathi River between the confluence of Jadhganga with
Bhagirathi and Dhorali. The diversion structure of this scheme is proposed to
be located in narrow and deep valley of Bhagirathi just downstream of the
confluence where the powerhouses is proposed to be located. The valley of
intake structure is expected to be narrow one with sub vertical abutments. It
is suggested that the final location of the diversion structure be decided after
of over burden in the river bed and stability of abutments. The site exposes
biotite granite, which is intruded by tourmaline granite. It is medium to coarse
grained and occasionally porphyritic. The 5.1 km long headrace tunnel may
encounter these biotite granites intruded by tourmaline granite, aplite and
pegmatite. The rock is expected to provided fair to good tunneling media
except in the reaches where there are closely
jointed,
sheared or locally
faulted. The powerhouse is located near

the confluence of Sartia Gad with Bhagirathi. The river valley is wide in this
reach and adequate space for locating the structure and its appurtenants may
be available. However, it is suggested that the powerhouse be located above
HLF of Bhagirathi. This geotechnical appraisal is based on the regional
geological set up.
4.5
SEISMOTECTONICS AND SEISMICITY

Seismotectonically, the project area is located in Main Himalayan Seismic
Zone demarcate by the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) in south and downdip
influence zone of the Main Central Thrust (MCT) in north, demonstrating
predominantly thrust type of fault plane mechanism. It has been interpreted by
4-6
Narula (1991) that the strain buildup in different sectors of this domain is
taking place at different locales and in Uttarkashi-Kumaon sector, this is
Concentrated around the MCT as evidenced by the clustering of the seismic
events in this subdomain to be around, this structural dislocation. The seismic
status,infact has been a subject of interest for quite some time, though direct
geological evidences of geotectonic activity have not been recorded in the
area. According to Narula (1991), the project area falls in Garhwal Seismic
Block which, is constrained by Alaknanda tectonic flux fault..in the east and
Kautir or Kinnaur Faults in west. This domain contains another tectonic flux
fault which is located in the project area.
MBT & MCT are the two major dislocation features of significance in the
project area located about 20 km to 35 km in the southern direction.
Seismically the project area traverses through highly active Himalayan
seismic belt and falls in seismic zone V of the seismic zoning map of
India [ IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002]. Therefore, a suitable seismic factor would
have to be adopted for designing the structures in the area.
4.6
SEISMIC REFRACTION SURVEY

Seismic
Refraction Survey
conducted at
Baironghati site depicts the
presence of rock line at shallow depth near the banks but the rock line
goes below 5-25 meters from the river bed.
Based on velocity model three broad layers can be classified, a thick
alluvium, an intermediate layer and rock with different units of subsurface
layers (Plate-4.1).
4-7
CHAPTER - V
HYDROLOGY
5.1
GENERAL
The Ganga river is one of the holiest rivers in India and many temples and
religious places are situated on its banks right from its origin to its confluence
near Sagar Island with Bay of Bengal. It drains an area of 8.61 lakh sq km
and the basin is one of the most fertile basins of the country.
Bhagirathi and Alaknanda are the two major tributaries of Ganga which
originate from Bhairon Ghati and Kamet glacier in Uttarkashi and Chamoli
districts respectively of Uttranchal state. Bhagirathi originates at an elevation
of 7010 m while Alaknanda rises at an elevation 7800m. Both the Bhagirathi
and Alaknanda rivers join at Deoprayag and thereafter it is known as Ganga.
Jadhganga s the first major tributary of Bhagirathi originating near Tagala at
an elevation 5300m and joins Bhagirathi at Bhairon Ghati. The river has very
steep slopes in upper reaches and most of the area is covered by permanent
snow and glaciers. Due to steep slopes and area covered by snow, there
exists considerable quantity of perennial flow and as such have a large
potential for hydropower development, though irrigation may not be feasible
due to non existence of command area. CEA had identified several hydro
electric sites in the basin.
The Bhairon Ghati Hydro-Electric Project
(CA=2660sq km) is identified downstream after confluence of Jodhganga with

Bhagirathi river. The catchment area map of the Project is shown in Plate 5.1.
This report contains the results of the Hydrological studies made for Bhairon
Ghati H.E. scheme. The detailed studies in respect of water availability and
5 -1
Design flood are available in the report Hydrological studies Volume I,

Ganga basin September, 2003.
5.2.
HYDROMEOTEROLOGICAL DATA
No rainfall and discharge data at Bhairon Ghati site is available. However,
observed discharges from 1971 72 at Uttarkashi (CA=4504 sq km) are
available. The site is maintained by CWC. Discharge data for longer periods
are available at 17 G&D sites (13 CWC sites and 4 States Governments) in
the region, which are much downstream of Bhairon Ghati site.
The data
availability is given as under which has been utilised for developing the
Regional Model.
Table -1
Sl.
Name of
No.
Station
1
Tehri
River
Organisation
Period
Bilanganga
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Joshimath
Alakananda
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Tehri
Bhagirathi
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Deoprayag
Ganga
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Maror
Nayar
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Deoprayag
Bhagirathi
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Rudraprayag
Mandakini
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Rishikesh
Ganga
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
Rudraprayag
Alakananda
CWC
1975-76 to 2001-02
10
Nandkesri
Pinder
CWC
1994-95 to 2001-02
11
Chandrapuri
Mandakini
CWC
1976-77 to 2001-02
12.
Karnprayag
Pindar
CWC
1976-77 to 2001-02
13
Uttarkashi
Bhagirathi
CWC
1971-72 to 2001-02
14
Raiwala
Ganga
State Govt.
1946-47 to 1983-84
15
Maneri
Bhagirathi
State Govt.
1964-65 to 1984-85
16
Lambagarh
Alakananda
State Govt.
1969-70 to 1990-91
17
Tapovan
Alakananda
State Govt.
1973-74 to 1981-82
5 -2
Long term flood peaks are available at Raiwala on Ganga (1901 to 1992),
Tehri on Bhagirathi (!963 to 1978), Maneri at Bhagirathi (1964 to 84) besides
at G&D sites on Alaknanda, Sarda, Tons and Yamuna rivers.
5.3
ESTIMATION OF WATER AVAILABILITY
5.3.1 Regional Model

The proposed Bhairon Ghati site is in high altitude area whose major portion
of the catchment (a small fraction of the nearest observed G&D catchment
area) area is covered by snow and glaciers. As such the traditional method of
rainfall run off or run off-run off model may not be feasible due to non
availability of requisite data. A regional model has been developed on 10 daily
basis utilising the 10 daily flows of each 17 G&D sites (CWC and State
Government) together with the mean annual catchment rainfall and the
percentage of area intercepted by glacier, snow and forest.
The general
format of the linear model for the G&D site is as under:

q = K + a * s + b * g + c * f + d * (RF)
or Q = K * (CA) + a * (SA) + b * (GA) + c * (FA) + d * (RF) * (CA)
Where,
= Average specific yield of G&D site
= Average yield of G&D site
CA = Total catchment area in sq. km

GA = Total area under glacier in sq.km
SA = Intermediate area between glacier and permanent
snow line in sq.km
FA = Total forest area in sq.km
5 -3
RF= Mean annual catchment rainfall in mm

K, a, b, c, d = Constant of the model
S = percentage of net snow area to total catchment area
G = percentage of glacier area to total catchment area
F = percentage of forest area to total catchment area
The linear regional model was developed for Bhagirathi and Alaknanda basin.
After studying the physical parameters responsible for run off for each
catchment upto G&D site, the one parameter, two parameter, three parameter
and four parameter linear models have been developed for each 10 daily
block period. The one parameter model considers the specific yield of G&D
sites Vs catchment area, whereas the remaining models consider the
catchment area, glacier area, forest area, net snow area, mean
catchment rainfall and the specific
yield.
annual
After attempting the various
permutations and combinations, the model which gives the maximum

correlation coefficient was selected for estimating the dependable flows at
Bhairon Ghati site.
5.3.2 Dependable flows
Using the most suitable regional model developed for each 10 daily block, the
90%, 50% dependable flows and the average flows have been computed for
the Bhairon Ghati project site (CA=2660 sq. km) as under:
5 -4
Units:m3/sec
Items
June I
June II
June III July I July II July III Aug I Aug II Aug III
90%
75.0
98.7
126.6 106.5 126.9
173.5 139.3 145.3 121.8
50%
138.5
183.9
222.3 196.3 241.5
254.3 253.3 237.0 198.2
Average
149.9
187.7
235.9 214.9 248.3
266.0 255.1 239.3 202.2
Sep I
Sep II
Sep III
Oct I Oct II
Oct III
Nov I Nov II Nov III
90%
88.7
69.8
53.8
42.5
28.5
27.9
24.0
20.9
18.0
50%
162.4
125.5
87.1
66.0
47.5
44.0
39.9
32.8
27.5
Average
170.3
131.5
93.1
69.6
52.9
47.4
43.0
34.7
29.4
Dec I
Dec II
Dec III
Jan I Jan II Jan III
Feb I Feb II Feb III
90%
12.7
12.1
10.3
12.9
12.3
12.5
12.2
11.0
10.3
50%
20.4
19.5
18.8
19.6
19.6
19.1
18.5
17.9
17.4
Average
21.6
20.9
20.4
20.1
19.9
19.7
19.4
18.3
17.8
Mar I
Mar II
Mar III
Apr I Apr II Apr III
May I May II May III
90%
10.4
10.0
10.7
11.9
10.4
16.9
26.3
31.6
45.5
50%
17.1
17.5
18.9
20.3
25.6
33.0
45.2
60.1
79.6
Average
18.2
19.0
19.8
21.4
26.7
35.2
48.4
65.6
83.5
5.4
Estimation of Design Flood

Since the contentious discharge data for rainy season and concurrent rainfall
is not available, it is not possible to estimate the design flood by unit
Hydrograph method.
The peak flood discharge at Bhairon Ghati site has been estimated based on
the methodology indicated in the Flood Estimation Report for Western
Himalayas, Zone 7 of CWC and Regional Frequency analysis (based on 5
and 10 G&D sites)
and Synthetic unit hydrograph approach based on
Snyders method. The results of the study are as under:
5 -5
Return Period
Methodology
100 years
(m3/sec)
5192
500 years
(m3/sec)
-
3588
4560
iii) Regional Frequency Analysis

(10 G&D sites).
4397
5125
iv) Snyders Method
3432
8495
i) Flood Estimation Report, CWC

ii) Regional Frequent Analysis
PMF
m3/sec
8495
(5 G&D sites).
v) Recommended Design flood

value.
As furnished above design flood (PMF) of 8495 m3/sec is recommended for

studies. The computations are enclosed at Annexure 5.1.
5.5
SEDIMENTATION
Since Bhairon Ghati site HE scheme is identified as run of the river scheme,
the sedimentation studies are not considered necessary as in the case of
storage structures. However, based on the experience gained at variousi
Power Stations in that valley, it is proposed to exclude silt particles of size
0.25 mm and above from the water before it enters the power house. This
aspect will be considered while designing the civil structures.
5 -6
5.6
OBSERVATION OF CWC
The draft report
of this project was submitted to CEA for perusal during
October 03. The observations received from CWC on hydrological studies of

this project and the replies for above observations, submitted by WAPCOS
are enclosed as Appendix 1.1 and 1.3.
5 -7
CHAPTER VI
CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT AND PLANNING
6.1
INTRODUCTION
Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is proposed as Run-off-the River scheme on the
river
Bhagirathi to tap its hydropower potential.
The diversion structure is
located 500 m downstream of confluence of the river Jadhganga with

Bhagirthi flowing from the north in Uttarkashi district of Uttaranchal State. The
project envisages to divert the water of Bhagirathi into water conductor
system by means of a diversion structure (a concrete gravity dam) across the
river.
The water conductor system comprises of an intake,
underground
desilting chambers followed by a 5.1 km long head race tunnel of 4.5 m

diameter (horse shoe shape), a surge shaft of 10 m diameter, a pressure
shaft which bifurcates near power house to feed two units of 32.5 MW housed
in an underground power house. A 190 m long tail race tunnel discharges
the water back into the river Bhagirathi river upstream of Harsil H.E. Project
head works.
6.2
LAYOUT STUDIES
6.2.1 The Bhagirathi river rises at EL 7010 m and falls steeply untill Gaumukh at EL
4000 m to Bhairon Ghati, the river bed fall is about 1000 m in 50 km stretch.
Thereafter, it runs in a gentle to steep slopes in various stretches and is joined
by Jadhganga at EL 2625.0 m.
As per CEA assessment studies the hydro-potential of river Bhagirathi is
proposed to be exploited by potential schemes in a cascade development and
6-1
the projects serially planned are Gangotri, Bhairon Ghati, and Harsil Schemes
now proposed for PFR studies.
6.2.2 The entire stretch of river between proposed diversion site of Bhairon Ghati
scheme to power house site was inspected by WAPCOS expert team and it
was observed that both the banks of Bhagirathi are occupied by massive
steep rocky slopes highly jointed and
fractured. The weathered zone is
expected to extend 10-15 m deep. The pondage created at this site selected
shall be within safe levels of the upstream projects.
6.2.3 As per CEA proposal, the diversion site for Bhairon Ghati H.E. scheme as
proposed d/s of the confluence of Jadhganga, the diversion site is kept at the
same location with river bed level EL 2610.0 m.
However, surface Power
House site opposite to Sarita Gad as proposed by CEA is not found suitable
due to stability problems.
Another site was selected by the expert team
during there site visit which is about 750 m u/s of the site proposed by CEA
and an underground power house is proposed by WAPCOS instead of
surface power house.
6.3
RIVER DIVERSION WORK
6.3.1 The aspect of isolating the site for construction activity in the deep river valley
portion was examined for two scenarios i.e. with and without the provision of
diversion tunnel through abutment.
As the diversion site is located in a
narrow valley it was not found practical to isolate the construction area without
the provision of diversion tunnel.
6-2
6.3.2 A diversion tunnel of 4.5 m diameter circular and 500 m long is proposed
along left bank to divert the discharge of 80 cumecs for the construction of
dam & appurtenant
works.
However, during monsoon season,
excess
discharges beyond the capacity of diversion tunnel is expected to pass over

the coffer dam and over the constructed portion of the dam. The diversion
tunnel inlet is proposed to be provided with a gate of size 5 m x 5 m which will
be operated by means of a rope drum hoist for purposes of closure of the
diversion tunnel. Suitable coffer dams located approximately
100 m u/s &
150 m d/s of the dam axis are proposed. The u/s coffer dam will be 7 m high
with 6 m base width while the d/s coffer dam will be 6 high with base width of
6 m. These structures are proposed of masonry type with colcrete.
6.4
DIVERSION DAM
6.4.1 The type of dam to be adopted i.e Earth dam or concrete dam is governed by
the topographical, geotechnical
and availability of construction materials
considerations. The requisite construction materials for Earth dam alternative

are not expected to be available in the vicinity of project area and also not
possible for the narrow gorge. In view of the rock exposures along steep
valley on both the banks of the river and shallow thickness of overburden in
the river bed are anticipated. Accordingly a concrete gravity structure with a
spillway in the deep gorge portion is proposed at this site. Concrete dam, 34
m high above the deepest river bed (El 2610.0 m) 88.0 m long comprises of 5
blocks. Three overflow blocks in the deep gorge portion are provided to pass
the floods.
A foundation gallery running all along the abutment is also
proposed from drainage, grouting and maintenance considerations.
downstream slope of 0.8:1 is proposed for the dam section keeping in view
the seismicity of the area (zone V, as per BIS 1893)
6-3
6.4.2 Reservoir
Keeping in view the storage characteristics of the valley upstream, the crest of
spillway is proposed at El 2617.5 m. The crest of power intake is kept 10.5 m
lower then the MDDL of El 2630.0 m. This is to ensure minimum water
cushion requirements above the intake tunnels from air entrainment
considerations. Storage to meet the diurnal peaking requirements has been
provided between MDDL and FRL as it is a Run-off the River type
development. Accordingly, MDDL and FRL are proposed at El 2630.0, and El
2642.0 m respectively which provide live storage of around 0.853 M cum.
6.4.3 Spillway & Energy Dissipation
An ogee spillway with radial gates and breast wall is proposed to pass the
design flood of 8495.0 cumecs corresponding to probable maximum flood.
Three bays, each of clear opening of size 13.0 m x 17.5 m (height) are
proposed to cater design flood discharge. Radial gates will be operated by
means of hydraulic hoists. Provision of stoplog gates with gantry crane is also
made.
Since this project is located in the high altitude area (about El 2650 m above
MSL), and most of the time the reservoir water surface will be under sub-zero
temperature. To generate power for maximum period and for smooth running
of the power plant, deicing arrangement are proposed to be provided.
Energy dissipation is proposed through a trajectory type bucket as tail water
depth fall short of post jump depth requirements during high discharges.
Trajectory bucket with tip angle of 35o would through the jet of water through
the air and into the plunge pool. Protection works in the form of concrete
6-4
apron is also provided immediately downstream of bucket from considerations

of scour.
The
Layout
details
of
Dam
and
Spillway
are
shown
in
Drg
No.WAP/PFR/BHAIRON GHATI/1003 (R1) &1004 (R1).

6.5
INTAKE AND DESILTING CHAMBER
6.5.1 One intake structure is proposed on the left bank of the river upstream of
the Diversion structure with its invert at El 2619.5 m i.e. 2.0 m above the
spillway crest level to avoid entry of rolling debris into the water conductor
system during floods. The intake tunnel of 5.0 m dia (D-shaped) is proposed
on the left bank to carry design discharge of 80.0 cumec (including 20%
flushing discharge). A trashrack is proposed at the entry so that debris
/particles exceeding 75 mm do not enter the water conductor system.
6.5.2
One underground desilting chamber is provided about 100 metre

downstream of intake structure to remove particles of size 0.2 mm and above
to protect the turbine parts against erosion. The chamber proposed is of size
230 m x 12 m x 17 m (depth) and is designed to achieve 90% efficiency for
silt removal.
The chamber is designed to pass design discharge of 80
cumecs and is provided with a gate on downstream end to isolate for routine
maintenance. The bed of the trough is provided with a longitudinal duct of 2.0
m dia to remove the silt laden water through a silt flushing tunnel to the river
downstream.
The details of intake and desilting chambers are shown in
drawing no. WAP/PFR/BHAIRON GHATI/1005/R1.
6-5
6.6 HEADRACE TUNNEL

6.6.1 The design discharge of 66.40 cumec is carried downstream of desilting
chamber
through 4.5 m dia horse shoe shaped headrace tunnel, 5.1 km
long to meet the surge shaft. The alignment of the tunnel has been optimally
fixed to provide adequate rock cover below the nallah crossings.
6.6.2 The excavated tunnel section is proposed to be provided with suitable support
system depending upon the type of rock strata met. Accordingly, the entire
tunnel reach has been tentatively divided into 4 categories depending upon
the type of rock i.e. Good, Fair, Poor and Very Poor. It is presumed that 20%
of the tunnel reach encounters poor/very poor rock conditions while in
remaining reach Good/Fair rock conditions are met. A 300 mm thick PCC
lining of M20 grade concrete is proposed for the headrace tunnel. Provision
for contact grouting & consolidation grouting has also been made.
The details of the Rock
support system are shown in Drg. No
WAP/PFR/BHAIRON GHATI/1006/R1.
6.7
SURGE SHAFT & PRESSURE SHAFT
6.7.1 An 10.0 m dia and 80.0 m high orifice type Surge Shaft is proposed at the end
of headrace tunnel to release the effect of mass oscillations in the tunnel and
to provide immediate storage requirement near the power house in case of
sudden acceptance of load. The bottom elevation of Surge Shaft has been so
fixed as to provide adequate water cushion below the minimum down surge
level. Similarly, it is ensured that maximum upsurge level is contained within
the Surge Shaft.
6-6
The Surge Shaft is likely to be excavated in tourmaline granite rock

formations. It is proposed to provide 75 mm thick shotcrete with 4m long rock
bolt at suitable intervals. Reinforced concrete lining (M25 grade) 1.0m thick
is proposed in the deeper reaches & reducing to 0.6 m thickness in the upper
portion. Provision for consolidation grouting & contact grouting is also made
to ensure proper consolidation of rockmass around the surge shaft.
6.7.2 A vertical pressures shaft of size 3.75 m diameter is proposed downstream of
Surge Shaft keeping in view the adequacy of horizontal and vertical rock
cover as per codal requirement. Pressure shaft drops from El 2590.0 m to El
2509.5 m in line with the center line of distributor. The horizontal portion of
pressure shaft is bifurcated into 2 feeders each of 3.0 m dia to feed to 2 units
of 32.5 MW each.
The pressure shaft liner is designed taking into account 30% rock participation
and 40% as water hammer head. Mild steel is proposed for liner so as to
restrict the liner thickness to reasonable limits to obviate the need for stress
relieving. Liner thickness varies from 12 mm to 28 mm in the pressure shaft
reach. The water velocity in the pressure shaft is approximately 6.0m/sec.
6.8
POWER HOUSE
The underground power house is proposed as the river banks are steep and
there is paucity of space for surface power house. The underground power
house complex comprises of one cavern of 21.5 m width. The machine hall is
15.5 m wide, it house 2 units of 32.5 MW each along with 20 m long service
bay. The generator floor level is kept at EL 2514.5 Centre line of units is at EL
2509.5 m and invert level of draft tubes kept at EL 2504.5 m. EOT crane of
130/25 tonnes capacity shall be provided at crane beam level at EL 2522.5 m
and travel up to service bay end also. The two main inlet valves, one for each
6-7
unit, is also provided. The transformer bay is 6 m wide inside the main power
house cavern to accommodate transformer and GIS.
A cable carriage is
provided from this cavern to the outdoor switchyard at the roof level. The
draft tubes shall be by a draft tube gate fitted with gantry crane installed in
the transformer cavern. The TRT of 5.0m dia (D-shaped) and 190m long shall
have reverse slope to meet the river bed level. The power house cavern as
well as the transformer bay shall be approached by an access tunnel starting
from the main road.
6.9
ELECTRO - MECHANICAL WORKS
6.9.1 General
The proposed 65 MW Bhairon Ghati Hydro-Electric Project would have
underground type power house. The installed capacity would be provided by
2 nos. Vertical Axis Francis turbine driven generating units of 32.5 MW each.
It is proposed to provide Inlet Valve of Butterfly type for each turbine, which
would be accommodated in the powerhouse cavern.
The generation voltage of 11 kV would be stepped up to 220 kV through a
three phase 38 MVA, 11/220 kV ODWF type unit step up transformers for
each unit located in power house cavern. The 11 kV isolated phase bus ducts
would connect the 11 kV generator terminals with 11 kV bushings of step up
transformers. The 220 kV terminal of the transformers would be connected
with 220 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) located on the floor above the
transformers in powerhouse cavern.
The layout of generating equipments, unit step up transformers, switchyard
etc. are indicated in the drawings no. WAP/PFR/BHAIRON GHATI/1007(R1)
&1008(R2).
6-8
The GIS would accommodate 6 bays, 2 for generator incomings, 2 for

outgoing 220 kV transmission lines, one for step down transformer and one
for bus-coupler. The power generated would thus be evacuated through 2
nos. 220 kV transmission lines. The single line diagram is shown in drawing
no. WAP/PFR/BHAIRON GHATI/1009(R1).
6.9.2. Brief Particulars of Equipments
a)
Turbine and Governor

The upstream levels, tailrace levels and heads available for power generation
are indicated below:
i)
ii)
iii)
Upstream Levels
FRL
EL 2642.0 M
MDDL
EL 2630.0 M
Tailrace Levels
Maximum
EL 2515.0 M
Minimum
EL 2513.0 M
Average
EL 2514.0 M
Heads
Maximum net head
113.90 M
Minimum net head
99.90 M
Rated head
108.90 M
Francis type turbine is considered appropriate choice considering the capacity

of the generating units and head available for power generation. The turbine
6-9
would be suitably rated to provide 32.5 MW at generator terminals at rated

head of 108.90 M. The speed of turbine has been determined as 300 RPM.
The center line of turbine runner has been set at EL 2509.5 M, 3.5 m below
the minimum TWL which is at EL 2513 M. The governor would be electrohydraulic digital PID type suitable for fully automatic control. The closing time
of wicket gates would be so adjusted so as not to increase the speed rise and
pressure rise more than 45% and 30% respectively under full load throw off
condition.
b)
Main Inlet Valve

It is proposed to provide an Inlet Valve of the Butterfly type for each turbine as
second line of defence in stopping the water flow to the turbine when due to
governor malfunctioning, the generating units may tend to go to runaway
speed. During the time when the generating unit is under stand still condition,
it would help in minimizing the water leakage through the wicket gates of the
turbine. The opening of the valve would be achieved through pressurized oil
servomotor and closing through counter weight.
c)
Generator and Excitation System

The generator shaft would be directly coupled with the turbine shaft. The
bearing arrangement would be semi-umbrella type with combined thrust and
guide bearings below the rotor and one guide bearing above the rotor. The
generator would be of the closed air circuit water-cooled type. The main
parameters of the generator would be as indicated below:
i)
Rated out put
32.5 MW
ii)
Power factor
0.9 lag
iii)
Speed
300 RPM
iv)
Class of Insulation of
stator and rotor winding
Class 'F'
Generation Voltage
11 kV
v)
6-10
The generators would be provided with static excitation equipment and

voltage regulator. Necessary power for excitation would be provided by
tapping the generator terminals.
d)
Unit Step-up Transformer

Three phase 38 MVA, 11/ 220 kV transformers, would be provided for each
generating unit.
These transformers would be located in the powerhouse
cavern. The 11 kV bushings of the transformer would be connected with 11

kV terminals of generator through 11 kV bus ducts. The 220 kV bushings
would be connected with 220 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear located on the
floor above the transformers
e)
EOT Crane
The heaviest equipment which the powerhouse crane is required to handle
during erection and subsequently during maintenance is the generator rotor.
The weight of the generator rotor has been estimated to be about 112 tonnes.
It is proposed to provide one EOT crane of 130/ 25 tonnes capacity.
6.10
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR THE POWER HOUSE

Following equipments for the auxiliary systems of the powerhouse would be
provided:
i)
Cooling water system for turbines, generators, unit step up

transformers etc.
ii)
Drainage System
iii)
Dewatering system
iv)
High pressure compressed air equipment for governor and MIV etc.
v)
Low pressure compressed air equipment for station services
6-11
vi)
415 V LTAC supply system comprising station service transformers,

unit auxiliary transformer, station service board, unit auxiliary boards
etc.
vii)
D.C. supply system comprising 220V DC battery, chargers, DC

distribution boards etc.
6.11
viii)
Ventilation system for the power house
ix)
Air conditioning system for control room, conference room etc.
x)
Illumination system
xi)
Earthing system
xii)
Oil handling system
xiii)
Power and control cables
xiv)
Fire protection system
220 KV SWITCHYARD
It is proposed to provide 220 kV, Gas Insulated Switchgear, having 6 bays; 2
bays for generator incoming, 2 bays for 220 kV transmission lines, 1 bay for
step down transformer and 1 bay for bus-coupler. The double busbar
arrangement has been proposed which would provide flexibility and reliability
in the operation of the plant.
6.12
OBSERVATIONS OF CEA & CWC

The Draft Report of this project was submitted to CEA for perusal during
October 03. The observations from the various directorates of CWC and CEA
on the civil and electrical aspects have been considered and taken care in this
report. The detailing has been kept to the possible extent as the report
pertains to the preliminary feasibility stage studies.
6-12
CHAPTER - VII
POWER POTENTIAL STUDIES
7.1
GENERAL
The power potential studies have been carried out for Bhairon Ghati Hydel
Scheme. The projected power supply position for 11th Plan also indicated
that there would be shortage of peak power in Uttranchal State as well as
in Northern region. The execution of this project would help in reducing
the gap between supply and demand of power.
This is a Run of river type development with diurnal storage for peaking
purpose and would utilize a rated head of water of 108.9 M.
The
powerhouse would be of Under ground type.
7.2
FIXATION OF FRL/MDDL
The FRL of the pondage has been fixed at EL 2642.0 m so as to get

adequate storage capacity for peaking operation of the plant during lean
period. The MDDL of EL 2630.0 m has been fixed keeping the requirement
of minimum cushion of water above the headrace tunnel (HRT) to rule out
the air entrainment into the HRT.
The storage at FRL is computed as
1.883 million cubic metres whereas the storage at MDDL is estimated as

1.03 million cubic metres, thus making available live storage of 0.853
million cubic metres The levels v/s capacity characteristics of the pondage
are indicated in Annex 7.1.
7-1
7.3
FIXATION OF TAIL RACE WATER LEVEL (TWL)

The minimum tail water level which corresponds to discharge of one
generating unit at 10% load has been determined as EL 2513 m.
The
Maximum TWL at EL 2515 m corresponds to the discharge of all the

generating units running at full load.
These levels however would need to be verified when it would be possible
to prepare tail rating curve.
7.4
WATER AVAILABILITY
The available data of water flows on 10 daily basis has been analysed in
Chapter No. 5 on hydrology. Water flows determined in 90% dependable
year and in 50% dependable year, have been utilized for computing power
benefits.
7.5
TYPE OF TURBINE
The specific speed of the Turbine for rated head 108.9 m works out to be
174.87 which leads to the choice of Francis Turbine to be used for this
station. The following efficiencies applicable for Francis turbine driven
generating unit have been considered for power potential studies.
-
Efficiency of Turbine
93.5%
Efficiency of Generator
98.0%
Combined efficiency of
91.63%
Turbine & Generator
7-2
7.6
INSTALLED CAPACITY
7.6.1 The power potential with different installed capacity from 30 MW to 80 MW

and 90% dependable year is indicated in Annex-7.2. The simulation
studies have been carried out with FRL at EL 2642 m, MDDL at EL 2630
m, losses in water conductor system as 15.1 m and average TWL at EL
2514 m. The study indicates that the firm power is 11.13 MW continuous.
Considering four hours peaking, the installed capacity required would be
about 66.78 MW.
7.6.2 For optimization of Installed Capacity, annual energy generation (KWh),
Incremental Energy generation d (KWh), and ratio of Incremental energy
and Incremental Installed Capacity d(KWh)/ d (kW) have been computed
for 90% dependable year for installed capacity varying from 30 MW to 80
MW in steps of 5 MW. The results are indicated in Annex-7.3. It would be
seen there from that d (Kwh)/ d (kW) drops steeply for increase in installed
capacity from 65 MW to 70 MW. The installed capacity could be therefore
be 65 MW.
7.6.3 Keeping in view the system requirements and analysis of Incremental
energy and Incremental installed capacity; the installed capacity of 65 MW
is considered optimum. With installation of 65 MW, the load factor of
operation during lean flow period works out to 17.12 % .
7.6.4 There are two options for number of generating units to be installed
1x65 MW
2x32.5 MW
7-3
Installation of one unit of 65 MW would be preferable from economic

consideration. Installation of two units would provide increased reliability of
power supply from station and also provide more flexibility for part load
operation. Considering the above in view, it is decided to have installation
of the two units of 32.5 MW, The turbine would be suitably rated to provide
32.5 MW at generator terminal at rated head of 108.90 m. The speed of
turbine has been determined as 300 RPM.
7.7
RESULTS OF STUDIES
Annual energy generation in 90% dependable year and in 50% dependable
year have been computed for installed capacity of 65 MW (2 x 32.5 MW) and
are indicated in Annexures 7.2 and 7.4 respectively. The results are also
briefly indicated below.
Particulars
90% dependable
year
50% dependable
year
Annual Energy
Generation (Gwh)
293.18
365.54
MW continuous
11.13
18.01
Average annual load

factor
51.49 %
64.2 %
Load factor in lean flow

months
17.12 %
27.71 %
The design energy computation have been carried out and indicated in
Annex-7.5. The design energy of 279.45 GWh would be considered for
financial evaluation.
7-4
The live storage of 231.94 MWh (0.853 Million cubic meters) is available
whereas the storage required for peaking operation works out to 267.12 MWh.
Thus the storage is available for 3.57 hrs. of peaking operation of the station.
7.8
CONCLUSIONS
The power potential studies carried out indicates that installed capacity of 65
MW comprising 2 generating units of 32.5 MW each would be required for this
HEP to derive optimum power benefits. The station would afford generation
of 293.18 Million units in a 90% dependable year.
7.9
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES
7.9.1 At DPR stage, based on the data available of topographic survey, tail race
rating curve should be evolved so that in energy computations the head
utilized for power generation is corrected with the change in trail race level
corresponding to discharge.
In the present study, tail race level was
considered constant.
7.9.2 The storage at FRL and MDDL should be computed with more accuracy
based on the data of topographic survey.
7-5
CHAPTER VIII
POWER EVACUATION
8.1
APPRAISAL OF EXISTING POWER EVACUATION FACILITIES

The Project is located at latitude 31-02-30 (D-M-S) North and longitude 78-4823 (D-M-S) East. The installed capacity of Uttaranchal State is 1286.15 MW as
on March 2003. Its peak demand has been estimated as 771 MW whereas the
met peak is 705 MW in the present scenario. This amounts to deficit of 66 MW
(8.56%). Accordingly, energy requirement is 3774 MU against the available
energy of about 3670 MU. This depicts deficit of 104 MU (2.8%). For the
purpose of evacuation of power pooling has been proposed for various Hydro
Electric Power Projects.
As per the geographical locations the following
proposed Hydel Projects lie between the longitude 78.5o N to 79.5o N namely
Harsil, Bhairon Ghati, Gangotri, Jadhganga, Karmoli Hydro Power Projects.
The next group of Hydro Electric Projects which lie between longitude 79.3o N
to 80o N are Badrinath, Gohana Tal, Rishiganga II, Rishiganga I, Jelum Tamak,
Deodi, Devasari Dam and Malari Jelum. Whereas in the next series the Hydro
Electric Projects which lie between longitude 80o
to 81o N are Mapang
Bogudiyar, Sirkari Bhyol Bogudiyar, Sirkari Bhytol Rus Bagar, Khasiya Barah,
Khartoli Lumti Talli, Kalika Dantu, Garba Tawaghat, Sobala Jhimrigaon, Sela
Urthing, Chhanger Chal, Bokang Beiling. The power map of Uttranchal as on
1/1/2002 is shown at Annex-8.1.
8.2
PROPOSED EVACUATION SYSTEM TO NEAREST FACILITY

A map has already been prepared indicating various proposed Hydro Electric
Projects for the purpose of preparation of prefeasibility report (PFR) indicating
their locations which may be seen at Annex-8.2.
8-1
8.3
ARRANGEMENT FOR EVACUATION OF POWER FROM BHAIRON GHATI

HEP
The 65 MW power generated at 11 kV at Bhairon Ghati HEP will be stepped
upto 220 kV by unit step-transformers.
The power would be taken to nearby
proposed 400/220 kV Chhalmi sub station. Proposed line from Bhairon Ghati
sub-station for evacuation of power is shown at Annexure - 8.3.
8.4
ROUTE LENGTH AND COSTING OF 220 KV TRANSMISSION LINE FOR

EVACUATION OF POWER FROM BHAIRON GHATI HEP
The power of this project is intended to be evacuated by proposed 220 kV D/C
line to newly proposed 400/220 kV sub-station at Chhalmi. The length of this
section of line has been estimated as 10 km (220 kV D/C line) from Bhairon
Ghati to Chhalmi including loop out portion of line. The cost of this line is
estimated as Rs. 7.50 Crores.
8-2
CHAPTER IX
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION STUDIES
9.1.
INTRODUCTION
The Initial Environmental Examination of Bhairon Ghati hydroelectric project
has following objectives through various phases of development which are
proposed to be covered:
provide information on baseline environmental setting;

preliminary assessment of impacts likely to accrue during construction
and operation phases;
identify key issues which need to be studied in detail during
subsequent environmental studies
It is essential to ascertain the baseline status of relevant environmental

parameters that could undergo significant changes as a result of construction
and operation of the project. In an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
study, baseline status is ascertained through review of secondary data,
reconnaissance survey and interaction with the locals.
The Preliminary Impact Assessment conducted as a part of IEE Study, is
essentially a process to forecast the future environmental scenario of the
project area that might be expected to occur as a result of construction and
operation of the proposed project. The key environmental impacts which are
likely to accrue as a result of the proposed developmental activity are
identified.
Various
impacts,
which
can
endanger
the
environmental
sustainability of a project, are highlighted for comprehensive assessment as a

part of next level of environmental study during detailed studies.
9-1
9.2
ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SETTING

The study area covered includes the area within 7 km radius of various project
appurtenances. The data was collected through review of existing documents
and various engineering reports and reconnaissance surveys.
The various parameters for which baseline setting has been described have
been classified into physio-chemical, ecological and socio-economic aspects.
9.2.1 Physio-Chemical Aspects

a)
Water Quality
The Bhairon Ghati hydroelectric project site, lies on river Bhagirathi just below
its confluence with river Jadhganga. The catchment area of river Bhagirathi
intercepted at the proposed project site includes the entire catchment of river
Jadhganga as well. As per Revenue records, there are only two revenue
villages in the catchment area of river Jadhganga. These villages are Jadung
and Nelang. The village Jadung has been classified as uninhabited and
village Nelang has only two residents. As per revenue records, there is only
one village, i.e. Gangotri in the catchment of river Bhagirathi intercepted at the
intake site. The present population of village Gangotri is of the order of 160.
Thus, pollution load from domestic sources in the project catchment is
insignificant. Likewise considering the topography and terrain conditions, the
area has no industries as well. Thus, pollution from various sources is virtually
absent in the catchment intercepted at the diversion structure site. The
pristine, relatively undisturbed environment coupled with low temperature
conditions, ensure that the water quality is excellent, with D.O. levels virtually
upto saturation conditions. The TDS levels are well within the permissible
9-2
limit. As a result, the concentration of various cations and anions too are well
within the permissible limits.
b)
Landuse
Various project features were superimposed on the satellite data, and the
landuse pattern of the submergence area was ascertained and the same is
given in Table-9.1.The land use pattern of the submergence area is appended
as Figuirre-9.1 The satellite imagery (IRS 1D, LISS-III + PAN) of the study
area is given as Figure-9.2.
Table-9.1
Landuse pattern of the submergence area
_______________________________________________________________
S.No.
Landuse / Land cover
Area (ha)
_______________________________________________________________
1.
Forest area with dense vegetation
7.01
2.
Forest area with medium vegetation
1.35
3.
Scrub land
0.55
4.
Water bodies
4.10
5.
Rocky outcrop
0.26
______________________________________________________________
Total
13.27
_______________________________________________________________
The submergence area (considering FRL as 2642 m) is 13.27 ha. The major
land cover category in the submergence area is Forest area (8.36 ha) which
includes area with dense vegetation (7.01 ha) and medium vegetation (1.35
ha). The other major landuse category is water bodies (4.10 ha). About 0.55
ha of land in the submergence area is scrub land. As a part of next phase of
Environmental study, it is recommended that detailed studies be conducted to
ascertain the ownership status of these lands, i.e. whether the land belongs
Forest Department or is it a non-forest government land. The scrub land
could still be categorized as forest land, as far as ownership status is
9-3
concerned. In such a scenario, compensatory afforestation as per the norms

of Forest Conservation Act (1980) will have to be done in lieu of entire forest
land ass per ownership, irrespective of its vegetal status to be acquired for the
project.
9.2.2 Ecological Aspects
a)
Vegetation
The proposed project site lies in the western Himalayas. The nature and type
of vegetation occurring in an area depends upon a combination of various
factors including prevailing climatic conditions altitude, topography, slope,
biotic factors, etc.
The proposed project area lies between EL 2,500 m and EL 2,700 m and the
vegetation in the area can be broadly categorised as cool temperate forests.
Amongst the various forest types under temperate forests, Western mixed
coniferous forest is commonly observed in the project area and its
surroundings. Major tree species observed in the area are Morinda (Abies
pindrow) and Rai (Picea smithiana). At many locations,
Deodar (Cedrus
deodara) is also observed alongwith Morinda. At higher altitudes, within the

study area, Rai, Morinda and Banj are observed.
Considering FRL as 2642.0 m, the submergence area, works out to 13.27 ha,
of which 8.36 ha is the forest area. The submergence on the right bank lies in
Gangotri Reserved Forest and Patangani Reserved Forest. Likewise,
submergence on the left bank side, land belongs to Patangani Reserved
Forest Land.
9-4
Within the study area, for a stretch of 2-3 km on either side of river Bhagirathi
dense mixed forest is observed. In different stretches, species such as pine,
deodar are dominant. Beyond a distance of 2-3 km on either side of river
Bhagirathi, barren lands with no major vegetal species are observed.
The major floral species observed in the study area is given in Table-9.2.
Table-9.2
Major floral species observed in the study area
Local Name
Trees
Scientific Name
Spruce
Picea smithiana
Fir/Morinda
Abies pindrow
Pine
Pinus roxburghii
Deodar
Cedrus deodara
Padam
Prunus cornuta
Bhojpatra
Betula utilis
Banj
Quercus leucotriphora
Shrubs
b)
Aatas
Aconitum heterophyllum
Archa
Rheum webbianun
Titphada
Sarccoces saligna
Gugal
Juniperus srumata
Chiraita
Swertia chirayita
Hisar
Rubius niveus
Fauna
The forest in and around the project area especially along the right bank is
quite dense. A part of Gangotri and Patangani Reserve Forest is coming
under reservoir submergence. The population density is quite low in the area,
9-5
as a result of which, human interference are minimal. Thus, project and its
adjacent area have good wildlife. Based on the review of secondary data and
interaction with the Forest Department, major faunal species observed in the
project area and the study area include Musk Deer, Tiger, Jackal, Jungle Cat,
Wild Goat, Monkey, Brown bear, etc. Amongst the reptiles, lizard was the
dominant species. The commonly observed bird species observed in the
project area and its surroundings include vulture, dove, blue rock piegon,
pheasant, etc.
The list of faunal species observed in the study area including project area is
outlined in Table-9.3.
It can be observed, that many of the faunal species belong to Schedule-I &
Schedule II category. As per Wildlife Protection Act (1972), such species are
akin to rare and endangered species and need to be conserved and
preserved. Thus, it is essential to ascertain adverse impacts on such species
due to the proposed project.
Table-9.3
List of faunal species observed in the study area
including project area
Common Name
Zoological Name
Schedule as per
Wildlife
Protection Act
Musk Deer
Moschus moschiferus
Schedule I
Jackal
Canis aureus
Rhesus Monkey
Macaca mulatta
Schedule II
Wild goat
Pseudois nayaur
Schedule I
Brown Bear
Ursus arctos
Schedule I
Tiger
Panthera tigris
Schedule I
Mammals
9-6
Common Name
Zoological Name
Python
Python sp.
Schedule as per
Wildlife
Protection Act
Schedule-I
Wild dog
Cuon alpinus
Avi-fauna
Vulture
Gyps fulvus
Indian Ringed dove
Streptopelia decoacto
Rufous Turtle dove
Streptopelis orientalis
Blue rock piegon
Columba livia
Monal
Lopophorus imnejanus
Pheasant
Catreus wallichii
Reptiles
Lizard
a)
Hemidactyles brooki
Fisheries
The major water body in the project area are rivers Bhagirathi and
Jadhganga. Since these are perennial rivers, it is expected that there could
be quite a few species in these rivers. Based on the review of existing
literature and secondary data, it can be said that fish species such as Black
fish, Brown trout could be present in these rivers. Mahaseer, a migratory fish
species could also be present. Generally in fast flowing mountainous streams,
fish species show definite behaviour, which includes reaction to fast current
and seeking of shelter in the almost stagnant water behind rocks and
boulders. Even good swimmers like Mahaseer seek shelter for most of the
time. Majority of the fishers in such streams spend most of their life facing the
current. This helps them in two ways, viz. to maintain their upright position
and to make respiration easier.
9-7
It is recommended that a detailed fisheries survey be conducted in the river as

a part of EIA study to ascertain the spatio-temporal occurrence of Mahaseer.
Tank or pond fisheries is absent in the project area or study area.
9.2.3 Socio-economic Aspects
It is imperative to study socio-economic characteristics including demographic
profile of the project area and the study area. The proposed project lies in
tehsil Bhatwari of district Uttarkashi. The submergence area is not expected to
affect private land or homesteads. The entire study area, too lies within tehsil
Bhatwari of district Uttarkashi. Only three villages are observed within the
study. The demographic profile of these study area villages is given in Table
9.4.
Table-9.4
Demographic profile of the study area villages
SC
ST
Literates
Male
Female
Gangotri
Population
No. of
houseMale
Female Total
holds
51
117
6
123
117
Mukhaba
190
593
635
958
130
76
475
116
3.
Dharali
95
271
246
517
65
182
23
Total
336
981
617
1598
203
77
674
143
S.
No.
Village
1.
Source : District Census Handbook

The average family size in the study area villages is about 4.8, with a total
population of 1598. The sex ratio, i.e. number of females per 1000 males is
629. The SC population accounts for 12.7% of the total population. The ST
population is quite low in the area (4.8%). The literacy rate in the study area
is quite high (51.1%) compared to other villages in the area. The male literacy
rate is quite high (67.7%). However, female literacy rate is quite low (23.2%).
9-8
9.3
PREDICTION OF IMPACTS
Based on the project details and the baseline environmental status, potential
impacts as a result of the construction and operation of the proposed project
have been identified. As a part of IEE study, impacts on various aspects listed
as below have been assessed:
-
Land environment
Water resources
Water quality
Terrestrial flora
Terrestrial fanna
Aquatic ecology
Noise environment
Ambient air quality
Socio-economic environment
9.3.1 Impacts on Land Environment

a)
Construction phase
Quarrying operations
A hydroelectric project requires significant amount of construction material,
which needs to be extracted from various quarry sites in and around the
project area. To the extent possible, existing quarries need to be tapped.
Normally quarrying is done along the hill face, and generally left untreated
after extraction of the required construction material. These sites can become
permanent scar on the hill face and can become potential source of
landslides. This aspect needs to be covered as a part of the EIA study and
suitable measures for stabilization of quarry sites need to be recommended. It
9-9
is recommended that the quarry sites be located in non-forest land, so that

adverse impacts on flora & fauna are ameliorated to the extent possible.
Operation of construction equipment
During construction phase, various equipment will be brought to the site.
These include crushers, batching plant, drillers, earth movers, rock bolters,
etc. The siting of these construction equipment would require significant
amount of space. Similarly, space will be required for workshop, storing of
other construction equipment and materials, etc. In addition, land will also be
temporarily acquired, for storage of the quarried material before crushing,
rubble, sand crushed material, cement, spare parts yard, fuel storage, guard
room, parking of light and heavy vehicles, petrol & diesel pumps, temporary &
permanent residential colonies for government and contractors labour, water
supply and switch yard for construction purposes, etc. Various storage sites
need to be earmarked for this purpose. It is recommended that to the extent
possible, such sites are located over non-forest land.
Problems of muck disposal
A large quantity of muck is expected to be generated as a result of tunneling
operations, construction of access roads, etc. The muck so generated needs
to be properly disposed otherwise it can lead to significant adverse impacts on
environment. Normally muck is disposed along the river bank which ultimately
finds it way into the water body, leading to adverse impacts on riverine
ecology.
It is proposed that muck be disposed over low lying areas, with minimum
vegetal cover and preferably over non-forest land. Muck has low nutrients,
hence, natural vegetal growth is unlikely at muck disposal sites, as a result of
9-10
which specific bio-engineering measures need to be implemented. Specific

site-specific management measures can be suggested as a part of EIA study.
Construction of roads
The topography of the project area has steep to precipitous slopes which
descends rapidly into narrow valleys. Significant vehicular movement for
transportation of large construction material, heavy construction equipment is
anticipated during construction phase. Most of the roads in the project area,
would require widening. Many new roads also would have to be constructed.
Construction of new roads may lead to removal of trees on slopes and reworking of the slopes in the immediate vicinity of road, which may lead to
landslides, soil erosion, gully formation, etc. Adequate management
measures need to be implemented to ameliorate such impacts.
b)
Operation Phase
The area coming under reservoir submergence is 13.27 ha (considering FRL

as 2642 m). The submergence area lies in Reserve Forest area. In addition to
above, an area of 50-55 ha will be required for siting of various project
appurtenances, infrastructure, etc. It is recommended that to the extent
possible, such sites be located over non-forest land. The ownership category
of land required for various project appurtenances can be ascertained, once
project layout is finalized as a part of DPR preparation.
9.3.2
Impacts on Water Resources

The construction of dam as a part of the proposed project diversion of
discharge for hydropower generation would lead to reduction in flow for a river
stretch of about 6.5 km downstream of the dam site up to the confluence point
9-11
of tail race discharge. Since there are no users in the intervening stretch,
hence, reduction in flow during lean season is unlikely to lead to any
significant impact. However, reduction in flow is likely to have a minor impact
on riverine ecology as the discharge during lean flow is significantly less, but
intervening nallahs and streams do supplement the minimum flow in the
stretch under study.
9.3.3 Impacts on Water Quality
a)
Construction phase
The project construction is likely to last for a period of 4-5 years apart from
investigation stage. About 2000 workers and 500 technical staff are likely to
work during project construction phase. The construction phase, also leads to
mushrooming of various allied activities to meet the demands of the immigrant
labour population in the project area. Thus, the total increase in labour
population during construction phase is expected to be around 5000-6000.
The total quantum of sewage generated is expected to be of the order of 0.4
mld. The BOD load contributed by domestic sources will be about 270 kg/day.
The sewage generally shall be disposed in nearby streams or channels
through open drains, where ultimately it will find its way into river Bhagirathi.
The inadequate sewage treatment and disposal facilities could lead to
formation of pools of sewage, which can lead to increased incidence of waterborne diseases. Thus, it is recommended to commission adequate sewage
treatment facilities in the labour camps.
Normally, during construction phase, elaborate sewage treatment facilities
including primary and secondary treatment units are not commissioned, as
they are rendered useless once the construction phase is over. At such sites
septic tanks and or other low cost sanitation units are developed. Similar
9-12
sewage treatment measures are envisaged in the labour camps of the

proposed project as well.
b)
Operation phase
Effluent from project colony

In the operation phase, about 200 families will be residing in the area which
would generate about 0.15 mld of sewage. The quantum of sewage
generated is not expected to cause any significant adverse impact on riverine
water quality. Adequate sewage treatment facilities including secondary
treatment facilities need to be commissioned for this purpose to ameliorate
the marginal impacts. The type of treatment units that need to be installed can
be finalized, based on topography, population served, etc.
Impacts on reservoir water quality
The flooding of
forest and agricultural land in the submergence area
increases the availability of nutrients resulting from decomposition of

vegetative matter. Enrichment of impounded water with organic and inorganic
nutrients at times become a major water quality problem immediately on
commencement of the operation and is likely to continue in the initial years of
operation. However, in case of Run-off the river schemes, the submerged
area is negligible. The above referred impact is not expected to be significant.
It is recommended that a detailed modelling study be done to estimate the
D.O. level in the reservoir during its initial years of operation.
9-13
Eutrophication risks
The fertilizer use in the catchment area intercepted at the diversion structure
site is nil and is unlikely to change even during project operation phase.
Since, the present proposal envisages only hydropower generation and does
not entail command area development, problems of eutrophication, which are
primarily caused by enrichment of nutrients in water are not anticipated. Being
a Run-off-the-river scheme, no eutrophication risks are expected.
9.3.4 Impacts on Terrestrial Flora
a)
Construction phase
Increased human interferences
As mentioned earlier, about 2,500 technical staff, workers and other group of
people are likely to congregate in the area during the project construction
phase. The total increase in population is expected to be about 5000-6000.
Workers and other population groups residing in the area may use fuel wood,
if no alternate fuel is provided. On an average, the fuel wood requirements will
be of the order of 2500-2700 m3. Thus, every year, fuel wood equivalent to
about 800-900 trees will be cut, which implies that every year on an average
about 1 ha of dense forest area will be cleared for meeting fuel wood
requirements, if no alternate sources of fuel are provided. It should be made
mandatory for the contractor involved in project construction to provide
alternate source of fuel to the labour population. Alternatively, community
kitchen using LPG or kerosene as a fuel can also be run at various labour
camps.
9-14
b)
Operation Phase
Acquisition of forest land

About 8.36 ha of forest area and 0.55 ha of scrub land is coming under
reservoir submergence.
In addition about 50-55 ha of land will also be
required for siting of construction equipment, storage of construction material,

muck disposal, widening of existing roads, construction of new project roads,
infrastructure development. Since, the proposed site is located in a reserve
forest area, adequate management measures in the form of compensatory
afforestation need to be implemented. It is recommended that a detailed
ecological survey be conducted as a part of EIA study to assess the density
and diversity of flora in the area. Species requiring conservation need to be
identified and if required the conservation plan for the same be prepared.
9.3.5 Impacts on Terrestrial Fauna
a)
Construction phase
The forest area, in the project area and its surroundings provides habitat to
various faunal species, quite a few which are categorised as Schedule-I and
Schedule-II as per the Wildlife Protection Act (1972), which have to be
protected and conserved. As a part of the EIA study, detailed data collection
from various secondary sources needs to be done to assess the severity of
impacts due to various activities in the construction and operation phases on
Schedule-I & II species & other faunal species as well.
Perusal of various faunal species observed in the project area, indicates that
there are no migratory faunal species observed in the area. River Bhagirathi
in the project area, even in the pre-project phase, acts as a barrier to wildlife
9-15
movement. Thus construction of a small reservoir as a part of the proposed

project is not expected to cause any additional barrier to wildlife movement in
the project area.
b)
Operation phase
During project operation phase, accessibility to the area will improve due to
construction of roads, which in turn may increase human interference leading
to marginal adverse impacts on the terrestrial ecosystem. Since, the increase
in human population is not expected to be large, hence significant adverse
impacts on this account are not anticipated.
9.3.6 Impacts on Aquatic Ecology
a)
Construction phase
During construction of a river valley project, huge quantity of muck is
generated at various construction sites, which if not properly disposed,
invariably would flow down the river during heavy precipitation. Such condition
can lead to adverse impacts on the development of aquatic life, which needs
to be avoided.
The increased labour population during construction phase, could lead to
increased pressure on fish fauna, as a result of indiscriminate fishing by them.
Adequate protection measures at sensitive locations, identified on the basis of
fisheries survey in the EIA study need to be implemented.
9-16
b)
Operation phase
Amongst the aquatic animals, it is the fish life which would be most affected.
The migratory fish species, e.g. Brown trout, Black fish and Mahaseer are
likely to be adversely affected due to obstruction to their migratory route
created by the proposed barrage. The dispersal and migration pattern of
various fish species need to be ascertained to assess the degree of severity
of impacts, which needs to be done as a part of EIA study.
9.3.7 Impacts on Noise Environment
Increased noise levels are anticipated only during construction phase due to
operation of various equipment, increased vehicular traffic and blasting etc.
No human settlements are located close to the project site.
However
increased noise level, especially blasting could scare away wildlife from the
area. It has been observed during construction phase of similar projects, that
wildlife migrates from such areas and returns after the cessation of
construction activities. Similar phenomenon is expected in the proposed
project site as well. However, presence of Schedule-I & Schedule II species in
the project area, makes its imperative to conduct detailed noise modelling
studies as a part of EIA study. Based on the increased noise levels, as
estimated through modelling studies, impacts on each faunal species
observed in areas adjacent to the project site needs to be assessed.
9.3.8 Air Pollution
Pollution due to fuel combustion in various equipment
Normally, diesel is used in construction equipment. The major pollutant which
gets emitted as a result of diesel combustion is SO2. The SPM emissions are
9-17
minimal due to low ash content in diesel. Model studies conducted for various
projects with similar level of fuel consumption indicate that the short-term
increase in SO2, even assuming that all the equipment are operating at a
common point, is quite low, i.e. of the order of less than 1g/m3. Hence, no
major impact is anticipated on this account.
Emissions from various crushers
The operation of the crusher during the construction phase is likely to
generate fugitive emissions, which can move even up to 1 km along the
predominant wind direction. During construction phase, one crusher each is
likely to be commissioned at the diversion structure and the power house
sites. During crushing operations, fugitive emissions comprising of the
suspended particulate will be generated. Since, there are no major
settlements close to the diversion structure site, hence, significant adverse
impacts on this account are not anticipated. However, it is recommended that
the labour camp be situated at least 1 km away from the construction sites
and that too on the leeward side of the pre-dominant wind direction in the
area.
9.3.9 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment
a)
Project construction phase

The construction phase will last for about 5 years. Those who would migrate
to this area are likely to come from various parts of the country mainly having
different cultural, ethnic and social backgrounds. Due to longer residence of
this population in one place, a new culture, having a distinct socio-economic
similarity would develop which will have its own entity. It is recommended that
labour camps/colonies be located over non-forest area.
9-18
Normally during construction phase of a project, there is significant impact on

the employment potential of the area. Many people migrate in the area in
search of jobs.
b)
Project operation phase
The land to be acquired for reservoir submergence lies in reserve forest. No

private land or homestead are to be acquired. The commissioning of a hydroelectric project provides significant impetus to economic development in the
area being supplied with power. Likewise, in the project area, commissioning
of a hydro-electric project would lead to mushrooming of various allied
activities, providing employment to locals in the area.
9.4
SUMMARY OF IMPACTS AND EMP

A summary of impacts and recommended management measures are
summarized in Table-9.5.
Table-9.5
Summary of Impacts and suggested management measures
S.
No.
1.
Parameters
Impact
Land Environment
Construction Soil erosion due to the
phase
extraction of
construction material
from various quarry
sites.
Temporary acquisition
of land for siting of
construction equipment
& material, waste
material, etc.
Management Measures
Proper treatment of
quarry site, and such
sites be located over
non-forest land
Such sites be located

over non-forest land
9-19
S.
No.
Parameters
Operation
phase
2.
3.
4.
Impact
Generation of muck due

to tunnelling operations
& roads.
Acquisition of forest
land in reserve forest
area.
River stretch from

diversion structure site
to tail race outfall will
have reduced flow
especially during lean
season.
In case downstream
nallahs do not
contribute lean flows
minimum flow will be
released to maintain
the riverine ecology.
Water pollution due to

disposal of sewage
from labour colonies.
Disposal of sewage
from project colony.
Provision of community
toilets and septic tanks
Provision of adequate
sewage treatment
facilities
Cutting of trees for

meeting fuel wood
requirements by labour.
Acquisition of 8.36 ha
of forest area, located
in reserve forest area.
Provision of community
kitchen by the
contractors engaged in
project construction.
Compensatory
afforestation as per the
Indian Forest
Conservation Act
(1980) and formulation
of Conservation Plan.
Water resources
Operation
phase
Water quality
Construction
phase
Operation
phase
Terrestrial flora
Construction
phase
Operation
phase
Management Measures
Disposal at designated
sites and provision of
suitable management
measures including
bio-engineering
treatment measures
and location of such
sites over non-forest
land.
Compensatory
afforestation &
formulation of
Conservation Plan
9-20
S.
No.
5.
Parameters
Terrestrial fauna
Construction
phase
Operation
phase
6.
Impact
Aquatic Ecology
Construction
phase
Operation
phase
7.
8.
Disturbance to wildlife
due to operation of
various construction
equipment.
Disturbance to wildlife
due to increased
accessibility in the
area.
Marginal decrease in
aquatic productivity due
to increased turbidity
and lesser light
penetration.
Marginal impact, hence

no specific
management
measures are
suggested.
Development of
hatchery for artificial
seed production and
stocking of reservoir
and the affected river
stretch
Obstruction in the path

of migratory fishes.
Drying of river stretch

downstream of
diversion structure up to
tail race outfall
Noise Environment
Construction Increase in noise levels
phase
due to operation of
various construction
equipment.
Air Environment
Construction
phase
Management Measures
Increased surveillance,
in the form of check
posts at major
construction sites and
labour camps.
Specific management
measures are not
required
Provision of release of
minimum flow in case
downstream nallahs do
not contribute to lean
flows.
Construction
equipment to be
provided with noise
control measures.
Increase in air pollution

due to use of machinery
and other civil activities.
Cyclones will be
provided in various
crushers.
9-21
S.
No.
9.
Parameters
Socio-economic Environment
Construction Increase in employment
phase
potential.
Operation
phase
9.5
Impact
Increased power
generation
Greater employment
opportunities.
Management Measures
-
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The project lies in reserve forest area. Detailed ecological studies need to be
conducted to ascertain the adverse impacts on terrestrial flora & fauna. The
following aspects need to be studied in detail as a part of next phase of
environmental studies:
-
Impacts due to acquisition of forest land in reserve forest area.
Impacts on wildlife, especially species categorized as Schedule-I &

Schedule II species as per Wildlife Protection Act (1972).
Impediment to migratory fish species as a result of construction of

diversion structure.
Proper stabilization of quarry and muck disposal sites
Management of pollution from various sources from labour camps
9-22
PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRONGHATI H.E. PROJECT
CHAPTER X
INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
10.1
INTRODUCTION
The Bhaironghati hydroelectric project across the river Bhagirathi envisages
construction of a 34 m high dam (above river bed level), a diversion tunnel, a
5.1 km long HRT, an under ground desilting basin, pressure tunnel, an
underground power house with an installed capacity of 65 MW and a tail race
tunnel. The dam is located at a distance of about 97 km from Uttarkashi. The
major infrastructure facilities needed are described in the following
paragraphs.
10.2
COMMUNICATIONS
10.2.1 The nearest rail head available to the project is Rishikesh which is about 267
km from the Barrage site.
From Rishikesh to Bhaironghati via chamba, Dobata, Dunda, Uttarkashi,
Bhatwari, Gangani, Harsil a wide black topped road exists. From Uttarkashi
upto
Bhairaonghati (97 km) a motorable road exists but this requires
extensive improvement, widening and hill slope stability measures.

10.2.2 Roads in the Project Area
Apart from improvement of existing road, a new approach road is required to
be built from existing main road to intake site (4km).
10-1
Other permanent roads to be constructed include a road from existing main

road to Power House, access tunnel
(about 3.5 km), project colony, work
adits, and other Power House Complex requirements like road to switch yard,
Power House Colony etc.
Construction roads are also required from barrage / power house site from
quarry sites, and plant and machinery workshops etc.
Considering the existing road facilities, lengths of permanent and temporary
roads that are needed will not be large.
10.2.3 Railways
The nearest railway station is Rishikesh on the broad gauge line. Railway
siding for unloading heavy machineries and equipment is to be provided at
Rishikesh.
10.3
CONSTRUCTION POWER
The power demand for the construction activities is estimated to be about 5
M.W. taking capacity of electric driven equippent and lighting which are to
work within the target time for consideration. The initial requirement in the first
two years could be 2 M.W. and this subsequently has to be increased to 3
M.W.
The power requirement can be met with by procuring the supply from
Uttaranchal authorities. For making the power available at project site
required 33/11 K.V. substation and alongwith new power lines about 3 km to
route from Bhaironghati is proposed.
10-2
In addition to tapping grid supply, it is also proposed to provide supplemental

power aggregating to 2 M.W. as a stand by in case of interruptions in grid
supply.
10.4
TELECOMMUNICATION
To ensure efficient execution at various sites, adequate and reliable
telecommunication net work is necessary. An electronic private Automatic
Exchange with a capacity of about 50 lines is proposed.
A VHF system is also proposed to link project Head Quarters with clients
head-quarters.
Suitable number of mobile phones / walky talkies are also proposed.
10.5
PROJECT COLONIES/BUILDINGS
10.5.1 The main project colony is proposed near Bhaironghati about 3-4 km from
intake site and 10 km from power location. Facilities such as school, post
office, police station, market, primary health centre are
available at
Bhaironghati however fire fighting arrangement, canteen, recreation facility,

administrative building, 30 family quarters and a hostel are proposed to be
built.
Two more small colonies are near dam site and another near Power House
location are also to be built with other facilities.
10-3
10.5.2 Contractors Colony and Labour Colony

Contractors colonies and two or three labour colonies with all amenities are to
be located at sites near the major works.
10.6
WORKSHOPS STORES, FABRICATION YARDS AND MAGAZINES

Workshops for maintaining the plant and equipment used for construction,
stores for construction materials, hydro-mechanical and electro-mechanical
equipments etc. will be built and maintained by the contractor. However, a
small workshop is planned for repair and maintenance facilities of project
transport vehicles and minimum
essential equipment will be built by the
client.
Areas for fabrication yards for the hydro mechanical equipment, viz the
various gates and hoists, pressure tunnel liners, penstocks etc. will have to be
identified near the work sites.
Two explosive magazines one for the works at dam site and rock quarries and
another for the underground works are to be built.
10.7
WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

For drinking purposes in the colony areas, suitable water treatment plants for
treating water drawn from the river Bhagirathi will be used. For construction
purposes, water directly pumped from the river and stored will be used.
Suitable sanitation and sewerage treatment facilities will have to be mode at
all the project and labour colony areas.
10-4
CHAPTER XI
CONSTRUCTION PLANNING & SCHEDULE
11.1
INTRODUCTION
The Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is located in the higher attitudes of about EL
2610 m in the Himalayas and within the region heavy snow is experienced
during winters. At Badrinath, in Alaknanda sub-basin adjoining Bhagirathi subbasin an IMD observatory is located reveal that for about 5 months from
December to April heavy snow fall takes place. As such it is inferred that the
project area also has a limited working season as regards construction of
surface works are concerned. A period of 24 months has been provided for
preparation of field investigations, subsurface exploration as required for
preparation Detailed Project Report including statutory clearances / approvals.
Thereafter 24 months have been provided for pre-construction activities,
surveys, development of infrastructure facilities, and construction power,
deciding on the developmental funds / agencies for execution, engineering
design, approach roads, tender engineering etc.
Thereafter construction
phase starts only after completion of the initial two phases. A construction
period of 5 years has been considered based on the specific location of the
project in higher attitude and remoteness of the area. The initial 24 months
period for DPR preparation could be optimized in case other potential projects
in the basin are taken up simultaneously.
11.2
CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is envisage as a Run-off-the-River scheme across
Bhagirathi river. Diurnal gross Storage of about 1.883 Mcum and with live
storage of 0.853 Mcum
shall be created by a gravity dam and with the
11-1
arrangement of gates the flow is proposed to be diverted through a tunnel of

4.5 m dia of horse shoe shaped and 5.1 Km long to the underground power
house and a small tailrace tunnel leading the discharges back to the river.
11.3
MATERIAL SOURCES
During the reconnaissance visit with a geologist and Engineer it is seen that
sand is available near by of the power house site and further d/s in the river
bed. Coarse aggregate shall have to be crushed from the nearby quary site
selected for the construction purpose.
11.4
CONTRACT PACKAGES
The contracts packages shall be mainly in the following packages :
a)
Headworks including Hydro mechanical
b)
Intake tunneling work including adits with desilting chambers.
c)
Power house, pressure shaft, surge shaft, tailrace tunnel with adits and
approaches
d)
Hydro mechanical equipment.
e)
Hydro Electrical equipment
The eligibility of the contractors shall have to be suitably fixed based on

working experience under similar conditions.
The auxiliary works of river
diversion including diversion tunnel, coffer dam, penstock installation and

fabrication shall be part of the civil works. However, the basic site facilities of
storage at sites for contractor, approach roads, construction equipment,
testing laboratory, staff colony, field offices and hostels at power house and
intake site could be taken up departmentally to enhance the pace of work and
cost recovered from the contractors. The construction equipment packages
11-2
could be contracted earlier so that by the time civil contractors mobilize the
site facilities and some minimum equipment are made available.
11.5
SCHEDULE OF WORK
As envisaged the underground works could progress and may not be
hampered much by the restricted working season but the progress of work
shall be at a lower rate. The surface work shall be limited to about 150 days
in a year with 25 working days in a month and 8 working hours. For the
subsurface works the seasonal effect will be felt on the progress of work due
to low temperatures restricted and reduced supplies as such reduction of
progress in snowy period is considered and about 200 days could be utilized.
Two shift working is considered economical due to shortage of
working
season, but third shift could be planned based on progress of work and
seasonal constraints.
11.6
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
After the financial terms and the Party/ Agency for investment in the
construction is decided, NIT for fixing the civil contractor can be invited within
6 months on ICB basis.
a)
Diversion of river
As the river gorge is narrow a diversion tunnel on the left bank is proposed
before construction of the dam. The diversion tunnel invert level is kept at
minimum flow level and completed in three months immediately after the
floods recede and before snow fall starts and hampers the surface works,
however, the underground works could progress. The coffer dams could be
constructed during next lean flood period and subsequent floods could be
11-3
allowed to over top the masonry coffer dam. The dam shall be constructed in
phases of overflow and non-overflow sections. Once the dam is fully operative
the diversion tunnel could be plugged. The river bed excavation shall be
handled by 3.0 cum hydraulic excavators and Rear Dumpers (25t).
b)
Construction of the dam shall be completed in 33 months.
c)
Power House
The under ground Power house accommodates 2x32.5 MW units.
The
excavation of the power house cavern shall be by convential drilling and

blasting method deploying air track, jack hammers and mucking shall be
through trolleys mounted on rails as the working space in the tunnel shall be
limited. Approach to the Power House cavern shall be from the highway by a
small additional road with an access tunnel from the same bank.
d)
Tunnelling
The finished dia of the tunnel (HRT) is proposed as 4.5 m and 5.1 Km long.
As regards approach to Power House from the highway which is in the left
bank
a small approach road shall be constructed on the same bank to
approach the Power House adit and also approach the Surge Shaft. One Adit
each at Power House, Surge Shaft shall be provided. As both the banks of the
river are under Deodar Forest as such no additional adit is proposed and
approach roads to Surge shaft, Power house and intake structure shall be of
minimum length. There shall be two faces for working on the HRT. Tunnel
excavation shall be based on conventional drilling and blasting and supported
by ribs where essential and supporting the excavated rock face by
shotcreting. A period of 39 months has been kept for tunnel & power house
11-4
construction. The pressure shaft and Surge shaft shall be excavated through
Alimak Raise Climber.
The construction schedule at PFR stage studies is given in the enclosed
Plate 11-1.
11-5
CHAPTER-XII
COST ESTIMATE
12.1
INTRODUCTION
Bhairon Ghati H.E. Project is proposed as Run-off-the River scheme on the
river Bhagirathi to tap its hydropower potential.
The diversion structure is
located downstream of its confluence with Jadhganga in Uttarkashi district.

The project envisages to divert the water of Bhagirathi into water conductor
system by means of a diversion structure (a concrete gravity dam) across the
river.
The water conductor system comprises of an intake,
underground
desilting chambers followed by a 5.1 km long head race tunnel of 4.5 m

diameter (horse shoe shaped), a surge shaft of 10 m diameter, a pressure
shaft which bifurcates near power house to feed two units of 32.5 MW each
and housed in an underground power house. A 190 m long tail race tunnel
discharges the water back into the river Bhagirathi upstream of another
proposed Harsil H.E. scheme head works.
12.2
ABSTRACT OF COSTS
The Project is estimated to cost Rs. 256.29 crores at June 2003 price level
the break down of cost is given below :
Item
Estimated Cost
( Rs. Crore )
Civil Works
164.94
Electrical Works
91.35
Sub Total (Generation)
256.29
12-1
The project estimate has been prepared on the basis of Guidelines for
preparation of cost estimates for River Valley projects published by Central
Water Commission,
New Delhi.
The abstract of cost of civil works is
enclosed as Annexure 12.1. The above cost does not include the cost of
transmission.
However cost of power evacuation for this project under
construction has been arrived as Rs. 7.5 Crores. Cost of Electromechanical

is enclosed as Annexure 12.2
The estimate for civil & Hydro mechanical works have been prepared based
on the as average rates for major items of works made available by CWC in
the guidelines for estimating the civil cost for the preparation of PFR.
The electro mechanical rates have been adopted on the basis of enquiry
floated to various reputed manufactures / supplier. The rates are inclusive of
excise duty & taxes.
The phased programme of construction has been given in the relevant
chapter with this report.
Cost provisions for the various items mentioned below has been made on
lump sum percentage basis of C-Works & J Power Plant Civil Works for
working out the total
cost of
project at pre - feasibility stage.
12-2
S.No.
Items
Provisions of % of
C- Works & J - Power
Plant Civil Works
A. Preliminary
2%
K. Buildings
4%
O. Miscellaneous
5%
P. Maintenance
1% of (C+J+K+R)
R. Communication
X. Environment & Ecology
Y. Losses on Stock
4%
2.0%
0.25% of C Works,
J - Power Plant - Civil
Works, K - Building &
R - Communication
12-3
CHAPTER XIII
ECONOMIC EVALUATION
13.1
GENERAL
The economic and financial evaluation of the Bhairon Ghati H.E project have
been carried out considering the standard guidelines issued by Central
Electricity Authority and the norms laid down by the Central Electricity
Regulatory Commission (CERC) for Hydro projects.
13.2
PROJECT BENEFITS
13.2.1 The scheme would afford on annual energy generation of 293.18 GWh in a
90% dependable year. For assessing the tariff, design energy generation of
279.45 GWh , calculated with 95% capacity availability in a 90% dependable
year, has been adopted.
The project would provide 65 MW of peaking
capacity benefits.
13.3
CAPITAL COST
The project cost has been estimated at Rs. 256.29 crores without IDC based
on the criteria for Adoption of Rates and Cost for preparation of PFRs of
hydro-electric projects issued by CEA and is as given below:
1.
Cost of civil works
= Rs. 164.94
Crores
2.
Cost of Electrical/Mechanical works
= Rs
Crores
Total
= Rs. 256.29
91.35
Crores
13-1
13.4
MODE OF FINANCING
The project is proposed to be financed with a debt equity ratio of 70:30. An
interest rate of 10% on the loan component has been considered for the
financial analysis of the project. The interest on the working capital is taken
as 9.75%.
13.5
PHASING OF EXPENDITURE
The project is proposed to be completed in 5 years period in all respect with
full benefit available after 5 years.
The detailed year wise phasing of
expenditure based upon the above construction programme for Civil &
Electrical works is given in Annexure 13.1.
13.6
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
13.6.1 Basic and Normative Parameters

The following basic parameters have been adopted for working out the
financial analysis of the project.
i)
ii)
Estimated capital cost of Rs. 296.82 Crores considering the Interest

during construction.
Annual energy generation of 293.18 GWh in 90% dependable year and
Design energy of 279.45 GWh.
iii)
Operation & maintenance expenses (including insurance) @ 1.5% of

the project cost in the first year with 5% escalation every year.
iv)
Depreciation @ 3.5 % has been considered on an average basis.
v)
Auxiliary consumption @ 0.7 % of the energy generated.
vi)
Transformation loss @ 0.5% of the energy generated.
vii)
Interest on working capital @ 9.75%.
13-2
viii)
Interest during construction has been worked out based upon the
interest rates as mentioned above.
The computations are given in
Annexure 13.2 for present day capital cost.

ix)
Corporate tax @ 30%.
x)
Return on equity @ 16%.
13.6.2 ASSESSMENT OF TARIFF

Based upon the parameters given above, the sale rate of energy at bus bar
has been computed in Annexure 13.3. The sale rate applicable in the first
year and levellised tariff is indicated below.
TABLE 13.2
13.7
Tariff Period
Tariff
(Rs./KWh)
First Year
1.80
Levellised Tariff
1.57
CONCLUSION
The sale rate of energy indicated above shows that the energy generated
from the project is financially viable and economically attractive.
13-3
Annexure 13.2
BHAIRONGHATI HYDEL SCHEME ( Underground Power House )
Calculation of Interest During Construction
Debt : Equity 70 : 30
Interest rate @ 10 %
(INR crores)
Year
Project
cost
Equity for
IDC
(6) x 0.30
7
ITERATION - I
Loan for
IDC
(6) x 0.70
8
IDC
10.0%
9
0.00
1.28
6.41
12.81
16.66
0.00
0.38
1.92
3.84
5.00
0.00
0.90
4.49
8.97
11.66
37.16
11.15
26.01
Equity
component
(30%)
Loan
component
(70%)
Cummulative
loan
IDC
10.0%
(Civil & E&M)

2
1
2
3
4
5
25.63
76.89
76.89
51.26
25.63
25.63
51.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
25.63
76.89
51.26
25.63
0.00
25.63
102.52
153.77
179.40
Total
256.29
76.89
179.40
GRAND TOTAL
TOTAL
Capitalised
IDC
cost
10
11
0.00
0.04
0.31
0.99
2.02
0.00
1.33
6.72
13.80
18.68
25.63
78.21
83.61
65.06
44.31
3.36
40.53
296.82
Annexure -13.1
Phasing of Expenditure
INR crores
Year
Civil cost
E & M cost
Total cost
1
2
3
4
5
16.49
49.48
49.48
32.99
16.49
9.14
27.41
27.41
18.27
9.14
25.63
76.89
76.89
51.26
25.63
Total
164.94
91.35
256.29
Annexure -
13.3

TARIFF CALCULATIONS WITH PROJECTED COMPLETION COST
Debt:Equity Ratio
Yr 1
BASIC PARAMETERS
Capacity (MW)
Capital Cost (INR crores)
Capital Cost with IDC .
Equity Portion (%)
Debt Portion (%)
Capital Cost/MW (INR crores)
Interest rate for WC (%)
Tax rate (%)
Interest rate on loan from Financial Institutions (%)
Total annual energy (GWh)
Design energy with 90% dependibility (GWh)
Saleable Energy after aux. (GWh)
consumption & transformation losses
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 2
Yr 3
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 4
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 5
Yr 6
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 7
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
7.0
Yr 8
Yr 9
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 10
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
3.0
Yr 11
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 12
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
FINANCIAL PACKAGE (INR crores)

LOAN
Loan Component
% of
total
loan
207.8
Fin. Institutions
Intt.
Rate
(%)
AMOUNT
(INR
crores)
EQUITY
% of
total
equity
% of
project
cost
AMOUNT
(INR
crores)
207.77
Equity component
89.04
296.8
89.04
Fin. Institutions
Total
Period
% of
project
cost
Repayment
Financial Inst.
Repayment Amount/year
Financial Institutions
Construction Period (Yrs.)
Moratorium
10
Installment/yr.
0
20.78
1/12
100.00
70.00
100.00
70.00
10.00
207.77
207.77
Equity
Total
100.00
30.00
89.04
100.00
30.00
89.04
Annexure -
13.3

Debt:Equity Ratio
NORMATIVE PARAMETERS
O & M Charges incl. Insurance (%)
O & M Inflation rate (%)
Rate of return on equity (%)
Rate of Depreciation (ES Act) (%)
Rate of Depreciation (IT Act) (%)
Spares for 1 yr -1/5th C.S
Auxiliary consumption (%)
Transformation Losses (%)
SCHEDULE OF LOAN REPAYMENT
AGENCY
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Outstanding Term loan
Term loan installment
Cum. Loan Repaid
Interest on Term loan
Total Yearly installment
LOAN SERVICING
Loan Repayment Installment
Sources of Funds for Repayment
- Depreciation (ES Act)
- Advance Depreciation
- Additional sources (ROE )
7.0
3.0
Yr 1
Yr 2
Yr 3
Yr 4
Yr 5
Yr 6
Yr 7
Yr 8
Yr 9
Yr 10
Yr 11
Yr 12
Year
1
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
2
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
3
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
4
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
5
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
6
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
7
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
8
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
9
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
10
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
11
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
12
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
Year
10
11
12
207.77
20.78
20.78
19.74
40.52
186.99
20.78
41.55
17.66
38.44
166.22
20.78
62.33
15.58
36.36
145.44
20.78
83.11
13.51
34.28
124.66
20.78
103.89
11.43
32.20
103.89
20.78
124.66
9.35
30.13
83.11
20.78
145.44
7.27
28.05
62.33
20.78
166.22
5.19
25.97
41.55
20.78
186.99
3.12
23.89
20.78
20.78
207.77
1.04
21.82
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
207.77
20.78
186.99
20.78
166.22
20.78
145.44
20.78
124.66
20.78
103.89
20.78
83.11
20.78
62.33
20.78
41.55
20.78
20.78
20.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
10.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19.74
40.52
17.66
38.44
15.58
36.36
13.51
34.28
11.43
32.20
9.35
30.13
7.27
28.05
5.19
25.97
3.12
23.89
1.04
21.82
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
COMPUTATION OF TARIFF COMPONENTS

INTEREST ON CAPITAL
Total Yearly Installment
2/12
Annexure -
13.3

Debt:Equity Ratio
Yr 1
Yr 2
Yr 3
Yr 4
Yr 5
Yr 6
Yr 7
Yr 8
7.0
Yr 9
3.0
Yr 10
Yr 11
Yr 12
RATE OF RETURN
Equity amount
Return on Equity
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
O & M EXPENSES
4.45
4.67
4.91
5.15
5.41
5.68
5.97
6.26
6.58
6.91
7.25
7.61
0.37
0.59
0.39
0.59
0.41
0.59
0.43
0.59
0.45
0.59
0.47
0.59
0.50
0.59
0.52
0.59
0.55
0.59
0.58
0.59
0.60
0.59
0.63
0.59
1.73
3.29
2.37
0.74
0.00
0.11
9.21
0.90
1.73
2.94
2.37
0.78
0.00
0.11
8.92
0.87
1.73
2.60
2.37
0.82
0.00
0.10
8.63
0.84
1.73
2.25
2.37
0.86
0.00
0.10
8.34
0.81
1.73
1.90
2.37
0.90
0.00
0.10
8.05
0.79
1.73
1.56
2.37
0.95
0.00
0.09
7.77
0.76
1.73
1.21
2.37
0.99
0.00
0.09
7.49
0.73
1.73
0.87
2.37
1.04
0.00
0.09
7.22
0.70
1.73
0.52
2.37
1.10
0.00
0.08
6.95
0.68
1.73
0.17
2.37
1.15
0.00
0.08
6.68
0.65
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.21
0.29
0.08
6.88
0.67
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.27
1.85
0.10
8.55
0.83
DEPRECIATION (ES ACT) (INR crores)

Total Depreciable Amount
Opening Depreciation Fund
Yearly Depreciation (ES Act)
Cumulative Depreciation Fund
Advance Dep. for loan Repayment
Return on Eq. for loan Repayment
Closing Cummulative Dep. Fund
Total Depreciation
Net Depreciable Amount
267.13
0.00
10.39
10.39
20.78
0.00
10.39
-10.39
10.39
267.13
256.75
-10.39
10.39
0.00
20.78
0.00
10.39
-20.78
10.39
256.75
246.36
-20.78
10.39
-10.39
20.78
0.00
10.39
-31.17
10.39
246.36
235.97
-31.17
10.39
-20.78
20.78
0.00
10.39
-41.55
10.39
235.97
225.58
-41.55
10.39
-31.17
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
225.58
215.19
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
215.19
204.80
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
204.80
194.41
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
194.41
184.03
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
184.03
173.64
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
20.78
0.00
10.39
-51.94
10.39
173.64
163.25
-51.94
10.39
-41.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
-41.55
10.39
163.25
152.86
-41.55
10.39
-31.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
-31.17
10.39
152.86
DEPRECIATION (IT ACT) (INR crores)

Sum at charge
Depreciation (IT Act)
Dep.limited to 90% of capital cost
296.82
74.20
74.20
222.61
55.65
55.65
166.96
41.74
41.74
125.22
31.30
31.30
93.91
23.48
23.48
70.44
17.61
17.61
52.83
13.21
13.21
39.62
9.91
9.91
29.72
7.43
0.03
22.29
5.57
0.00
16.71
4.18
0.00
12.54
3.13
0.00
INTEREST ON WORKING CAPITAL

WORKING CAPITAL
O & M Expenses - 1 month
Spares 1 year - 1/5th cap spares
Receivables for 2 months
DEP(ES Act)
Interest
Return on Equity
O&M
I.Tax
Interest on W.C.
Total Working capital
Interest on Working Capital
3/12
Annexure -
13.3

Debt:Equity Ratio
Yr 1
TAX LIABILITY (INR crores)
Yearly Profit/loss
Cummulative Profit/loss (+/-)
Tax liability
Yr 2
Yr 3
Yr 4
Yr 5
Yr 6
Yr 7
Yr 8
7.0
Yr 9
3.0
Yr 10
Yr 11
Yr 12
-49.57
-49.57
0.00
-31.02
-80.59
0.00
-17.10
-97.69
0.00
-6.67
-104.36
0.00
1.16
-103.20
0.00
7.03
-96.17
0.00
11.43
-84.75
0.00
14.73
-70.02
0.00
24.60
-45.41
0.00
24.64
-20.78
0.00
24.64
3.86
1.74
24.64
28.49
11.09
CAPACITY AND ENERGY CHARGES

Annual Capacity Charge (INR crores)
30.13
28.05
25.97
23.89
21.82
19.74
17.66
15.58
13.51
11.43
10.39
10.39
Annual Energy Charge (INR crores)
19.60
19.79
20.00
20.21
20.44
20.69
20.94
21.22
21.50
21.81
23.91
33.78
Total Annual Charge (INR crores)

Average Tariff (INR/kWh)
Average Tariff for 5 years (INR/kWh)
49.72
1.80
1.67
47.84
1.73
45.97
1.66
44.11
1.60
42.26
1.53
40.43
1.46
1.33
38.60
1.40
36.80
1.33
35.01
1.27
33.23
1.20
34.30
1.24
1.55
44.17
1.60
Discount rate (%)

Discounted Average Tariff (INR/kWh)
Levellised Eq.Avg. Tariff (INR/kWh)
12.00 / Year
1
1.80
1.57
2
1.55
3
1.33
4/12
4
1.14
5
0.97
6
0.83
7
0.71
8
0.60
9
0.51
10
0.43
11
0.40
12
0.46
Annexure - 13.3
Debt:Equity Ratio
Yr 13
BASIC PARAMETERS
Capacity (MW)
Equity Portion (%)
Debt Portion (%)
Tax rate (%)
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 14
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 15
Yr 16
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11

Loan Component
207.8
Fin. Institutions
207.77
Equity component
89.04
296.8
89.04
Period
Repayment
Financial Inst.
Moratorium
10
Installment/yr.
0
20.78
5/12
Yr 17
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 18
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 19
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 20
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
7.0
Yr 21
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 22
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
3.0
Yr 23
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 24
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Annexure - 13.3
Debt:Equity Ratio
AGENCY
Cum. Loan Repaid
LOAN SERVICING
7.0
3.0
Yr 13
Yr 14
Yr 15
Yr 16
Yr 17
Yr 18
Yr 19
Yr 20
Yr 21
Yr 22
Yr 23
Yr 24
Year
13
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
14
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
15
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
16
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
17
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
18
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
19
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
20
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
21
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
22
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
23
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
24
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
Year
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

INTEREST ON CAPITAL
6/12
Annexure - 13.3
Debt:Equity Ratio
7.0
3.0
Yr 13
Yr 14
Yr 15
Yr 16
Yr 17
Yr 18
Yr 19
Yr 20
Yr 21
Yr 22
Yr 23
Yr 24
RATE OF RETURN
Equity amount
Return on Equity
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
O & M EXPENSES
8.00
8.40
8.82
9.26
9.72
10.20
10.71
11.25
11.81
12.40
13.02
13.68
0.67
0.59
0.70
0.59
0.73
0.59
0.77
0.59
0.81
0.59
0.85
0.59
0.89
0.59
0.94
0.59
0.98
0.59
1.03
0.59
1.09
0.59
1.14
0.59
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.33
1.85
0.10
8.65
0.84
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.40
1.85
0.11
8.75
0.85
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.47
1.85
0.11
8.86
0.86
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.54
1.85
0.11
8.97
0.87
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.62
1.85
0.11
9.09
0.89
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.70
1.85
0.11
9.21
0.90
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.79
1.85
0.11
9.34
0.91
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.88
1.85
0.11
9.47
0.92
1.73
0.00
2.37
1.97
1.85
0.12
9.62
0.94
1.73
0.00
2.37
2.07
1.85
0.12
9.77
0.95
1.73
0.00
2.37
2.17
1.85
0.12
9.92
0.97
1.73
0.00
2.37
2.28
1.85
0.12
10.09
0.98

Total Depreciation
142.47
-31.17
10.39
-20.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
-20.78
10.39
142.47
132.08
-20.78
10.39
-10.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
-10.39
10.39
132.08
121.69
-10.39
10.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.39
121.69
111.31
0.00
10.39
10.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.39
10.39
111.31
100.92
10.39
10.39
20.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
20.78
10.39
100.92
90.53
20.78
10.39
31.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
31.17
10.39
90.53
80.14
31.17
10.39
41.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
41.55
10.39
80.14
69.75
41.55
10.39
51.94
0.00
0.00
0.00
51.94
10.39
69.75
59.36
51.94
10.39
62.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
62.33
10.39
59.36
48.97
62.33
10.39
72.72
0.00
0.00
0.00
72.72
10.39
48.97
38.59
72.72
10.39
83.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
83.11
10.39
38.59
28.20
83.11
10.39
93.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
93.50
10.39
28.20

Sum at charge
9.40
2.35
0.00
7.05
1.76
0.00
5.29
1.32
0.00
3.97
0.99
0.00
2.97
0.74
0.00
2.23
0.56
0.00
1.67
0.42
0.00
1.26
0.31
0.00
0.94
0.24
0.00
0.71
0.18
0.00
0.53
0.13
0.00
0.40
0.10
0.00

WORKING CAPITAL
DEP(ES Act)
Interest
Return on Equity
O&M
I.Tax
Interest on W.C.
7/12
Annexure - 13.3
Debt:Equity Ratio

Yearly Profit/loss
Tax liability
24.64
53.13
11.09
24.64
77.77
11.09
24.64
102.40
11.09
24.64
127.04
11.09
24.64
151.67
11.09
24.64
176.31
11.09
24.64
200.94
11.09
24.64
225.58
11.09
24.64
250.22
11.09
24.64
274.85
11.09
24.64
299.49
11.09
24.64
324.12
11.09

10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
34.17
34.58
35.01
35.46
35.94
36.44
36.96
37.51
38.08
38.69
39.32
39.99

44.56
1.61
44.97
1.63
45.40
1.64
45.85
1.66
1.70
46.33
1.68
46.82
1.70
47.35
1.71
47.90
1.73
48.47
1.76
1.80
49.08
1.78
49.71
1.80
50.38
1.82
13
0.41
14
0.37
15
0.34
16
0.30
8/12
Yr 17
17
0.27
Yr 18
18
0.25
Yr 19
19
0.22
Yr 20
20
0.20
Yr 21
21
0.18
Yr 22
3.0
Yr 14
12.00 / Year
Yr 16
Yr 13
Discount rate (%)

Yr 15
7.0
22
0.16
Yr 23
23
0.15
Yr 24
24
0.13
Annexure - 13.3
7.0
Yr 25
BASIC PARAMETERS
Capacity (MW)
Equity Portion (%)
Debt Portion (%)
Tax rate (%)
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 26
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 27
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11

Loan Component
207.8
Fin. Institutions
207.77
Equity component
89.04
296.8
89.04
Period
Repayment
Financial Inst.
Moratorium
10
Installment/yr.
0
20.78
9/12
Yr 28
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 29
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 30
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 31
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 32
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 33
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
3.0
Yr 34
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Yr 35
65.00
256.29
296.82
30.00
70.00
4.57
9.75
30.00
10.00
293.18
279.45
276.11
Annexure - 13.3
7.0
AGENCY
Cum. Loan Repaid
LOAN SERVICING
3.0
Yr 25
Yr 26
Yr 27
Yr 28
Yr 29
Yr 30
Yr 31
Yr 32
Yr 33
Yr 34
Yr 35
Year
25
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
26
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
27
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
28
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
29
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
30
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
31
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
32
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
33
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
34
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
35
1.50
5.00
16.00
3.50
25.00
0.59
0.70
0.50
Year
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
207.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

INTEREST ON CAPITAL
10/12
Annexure - 13.3
7.0
3.0
Yr 25
Yr 26
Yr 27
Yr 28
Yr 29
Yr 30
Yr 31
Yr 32
Yr 33
Yr 34
Yr 35
RATE OF RETURN
Equity amount
Return on Equity
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
89.04
14.25
O & M EXPENSES
14.36
15.08
15.83
16.62
17.45
18.33
19.24
20.20
21.21
22.28
23.39

WORKING CAPITAL
DEP(ES Act)
Interest
Return on Equity
O&M
I.Tax
Interest on W.C.
1.20
0.59
1.26
0.59
1.32
0.59
1.39
0.59
1.45
0.59
1.53
0.59
1.60
0.59
1.68
0.59
1.77
0.59
1.86
0.59
1.95
0.59
1.73
0.00
2.37
2.39
1.85
0.12
10.26
1.00
1.24
0.00
2.37
2.51
1.63
0.12
9.72
0.95
0.00
0.00
2.37
2.64
1.07
0.10
8.09
0.79
0.00
0.00
2.37
2.77
1.07
0.10
8.29
0.81
0.00
0.00
2.37
2.91
1.07
0.10
8.50
0.83
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.05
1.07
0.11
8.72
0.85
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.21
1.07
0.11
8.96
0.87
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.37
1.07
0.11
9.20
0.90
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.54
1.07
0.11
9.45
0.92
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.71
1.07
0.12
9.72
0.95
0.00
0.00
2.37
3.90
1.07
0.12
10.00
0.98

Total Depreciation
17.81
93.50
10.39
103.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
103.89
10.39
17.81
7.42
103.89
7.42
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
7.42
7.42
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
111.31
0.00
0.00

Sum at charge
0.30
0.07
0.00
0.22
0.06
0.00
0.17
0.04
0.00
0.13
0.03
0.00
0.09
0.02
0.00
0.07
0.02
0.00
0.05
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.00
11/12
Annexure - 13.3
7.0
Yr 25
Yearly Profit/loss
Tax liability
Yr 26
Yr 27
Yr 28
Yr 29
Yr 30
Yr 31
Yr 32
Yr 33
3.0
Yr 34
Yr 35
24.64
348.76
11.09
21.67
370.43
9.75
14.25
384.67
6.41
14.25
398.92
6.41
14.25
413.17
6.41
14.25
427.41
6.41
14.25
441.66
6.41
14.25
455.91
6.41
14.25
470.16
6.41
14.25
484.40
6.41
14.25
498.65
6.41

10.39
7.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
40.69
40.02
37.28
38.09
38.94
39.83
40.77
41.76
42.79
43.88
45.02

51.08
1.85
47.44
1.72
1.46
37.28
1.35
38.09
1.38
38.94
1.41
39.83
1.44
40.77
1.48
1.55
41.76
1.51
42.79
1.55
43.88
1.59
45.02
1.63
Discount rate (%)

12.00 / Year
25
0.12
26
0.10
27
0.07
12/12
28
0.06
29
0.06
30
0.05
31
0.05
32
0.05
33
0.04
34
0.04
35
0.03
J - Power Plant Civil Work - 8
BHARO GHATI HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT

COST ESTIMATE - HYDRO - MECHANICAL WORKS
S.No.
1
2
a
3
a
Item
Unit
Oty
Rate
Amount
DIVERSION TUNNEL WORK

Gate (Size)
Embedded Parts
Rope Drum Hoist (as per capacity)
MT
MT
Set
40
10
1
100000
50,000
6000000
40.00
5.00
60.00
SPILLWAY STRUCTURE
Radial Gates (Size)
Embedded Parts (Including anchorages)
Hydraulic hoist
Bulkhead Gates (Sizes)
Embedded Parts
Gantry Crane
MT
MT
Set
MT
MT
Set
500
170
3
170
60
1
100000
50,000
20000000
60000
30,000
6000000
500.00
85.00
600.00
102.00
18.00
60.00
INTAKE STRUCTURE
Intake Gate (Size) 4 of 4.5 x 4.5
Embedded Parts for Intake Gate
Rope drum hoist (as per capacity)
Bulkhead Gates (Sizes)
Embedded Parts for Bulkhead Gates
Gantry Crane (as per capacity)
MT
MT
Set
MT
MT
Set
40
10
2
20
8
1
100000
50,000
3000000
60,000
50,000
1000000
40.00
5.00
60.00
12.00
4.00
10.00
CLEANNING MACHINE
Trash Racks and Embedded Parts
MT
70
50000
35.00
5
a
b
c
SURGE SHAFT
Gate
Embedded Parts
Hoist
MT
MT
Set
40
10
1
100000
50,000
6000000
40.00
5.00
60.00
Disilting Channel
Gate
Embedded
Hoist/Hydraulic
MT
MT
Set
40
10
2
100000
50000
3000000
40.00
5.00
60.00
1846.00
Say 1846.00
J-1
J-2
J-3
J-4
J-5
J-6
J-7
J-8
J-9
533
1070
3445
455
185
945
133
1846
120
8732
A
B
C
J
K
M
O
P
Q
R
X
Y
229.92
101
2764
8732
459.84
0.5
574.8
114.96
872
574.8
287.4
31.3266
Total I work 14742.547

V
28.74
Say 533.00
Say 1070.00
Say 3445.00
Say 455.00
Say 185.00
Say 945.00
Say 133.00
Say 1846.00
Say 120.00
Works-1
2
3
365 Say 365.00

154 Say 154.00
2245 Say 2245.00
2764
459.84
2.30
1.01
27.64
87.32
4.60
Say 101.00
5.75
1.15
8.72
5.75
2.87
0.31
0
J-Power Plant Civil Works-1

COST ESTIMATE - INTAKE STRUCTURE
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
1.1 Common excavtion
M3
24500
125
30.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
4500
300
13.50
M3
6700
1000
67.00
RM
Underground Excavation
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
13500
400
54.00
4500
4000
180.00
4.1 M-15
M3
2000
2930
58.6
4.2 M-20
700
3390
23.73
4.3 Cement lining M-20
M3
650
4000
26.00
130
27000
35.10
3.2 Shotcreting
Concrete
Reinforeing Steel
488.56
6
Miscellaneous and Ancillary Works
6.1 Various miscellaneous works like drilling &

grouting, wiremesh reinforcement, slope protection
works, othr steel works etc.
2%
9.77
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
4.89
6.3 Dewatering
1%
4.89
5%
24.43
6.4 Add 5% on account of contingencies and

workcharged establishment except on L.S. items
Total
532.52
Say 533.00

COST ESTIMATE DESILTING CHAMBER & SILT FLUSHING TUNNEL
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
48700
1000
487.00
2.1 Rockbolts
RM
8150
400
32.60
2.2 Shotcreting
M3
5550
4000
222.00
M3
5550
4000
222.00
Support System
Concrete Lining
3.1 Cement Lining M-20
963.60
4
4.1 Various Miscellaneous works like wiremesh/steel

fibre reinforcement, drilling & grouting etc.
4.2 Dewatering
4%
38.54
2%
19.27
5%
48.18

Total
1069.60
Say 1070.00

COST ESTIMATE - HEAD RACE TUNNEL + INTAKE TUNNELS
Item of Work
Sl.No
.
Support System
2.1 Rockbolts
2.3 Shotcreting
3
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
112010
1000
1120.10
RM
58750
400
235.00
13250
4000
530.00
M3
26450
4000
1058.00
100
27000
27.00
Concrete Lining
3.1 Cement concrete lining M-20
Unit
Reinforceing Steel
2970.10
5

fibre reinforcement, drilling & grouting, PVC pipes
for drainage, slope prolection works etc.
8%
237.61
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
29.70
5.3 Dewatering
2%
59.40
5%
148.51

Total
3445.32
Say 3445.00

COST ESTIMATE - PRESSURE SHAFTS AND PENSTOCKS
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Support System
2.1 Rockbolts
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
9600
1000
96.00
RM
5700
400
22.80
1300
4000
52.00
3.1 M-15 backfill concrete
M3
2550
2930
74.72
MT
240
70000
168.00
2.2 Shotereting
Concrete
Penstock Steel Liners
413.52
5
5.1 Various Miscellaneous works like drilling &

& grouting, wiremesh/steel fibre reinforcement,
swellex anchor, etc.
3%
12.41
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
4.14
6.3 Dewatering
1%
4.14
5%
20.68

Total
454.87
Say 455.00

COST ESTIMATE - POWER HOUSE COMPLEX INCLUDING TRANFORMER CAVERN
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
1.2 Rock excavation

2
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
M3
4000
300
12.00
M3
46500
1000
465.00
RM
4000
400
16.00
900
4.1 M20
M3
1150
3392
39.01
4.2 M15
4100
2930
120.13
3.2 Shotcreting
4
0.00
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
550
27000
148.50
Structural Steel for roof trusses
50
42000
21.00
Stone/Brick Masonry
LS
15.00
836.64
Miscellaneous
8.1 Various miscellaneous works like site clearance,

drilling & grouting, wiremesh/steel fibre,
reinforcement, flooring, water proofing system
swellex anchor, doors & windows,painting, lift
arrangement, architectural works, other metalworks
etc.
5%
41.83
8.2 Instrumentation
1%
8.37
8.3 Dewatering
2%
16.73
5%
41.83

Total
945.40
Say 945.00

COST ESTIMATE - TAIL RACE TUNNEL
Item of Work
Sl.No
.
1
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
1500
300
4.50
4000
1000
40.00
3.1 Rock Bolling
RM
2500
400
10.00
3.2 Shot Creting
M3
560
4000
22.40
M3
1120
4000
44.80
Under Ground Excavation
Support system
Concrete Lining
122.33
5
Miscellaneous
5.1 MISC.
3%
3.67
5.2 Dewatering
1%
1.22
5%
6.12
5.3 Add. 5% on account of contingencies and work

charged establishment
Total
133.33
Say 133.00

COST ESTIMATE A - PRELIMINARY
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Cost of surveys and investigation including

geological investigation, hydrological
investigation, preliminary construction materials
surveys, C/O access paths and roads etc. at PFR
stage.
Topographical & other surveys for dam,

powerhouse, reservoir etc.
Geological Investigation
Drilling & Drifting
Construction Material Survey
Hydrological and meteorological observation
Geophysical survey, seismological study.
Hydraulic model studies
Ground water studies
10
Charges for preliminary consultancy & specialists
11
Training of Engineers during investigation
12
Instrument and equipment for S & I works
13
Stationary. Writing of completion report &
L.S. 2% OF C & J WORKS 254.42
history of project.
254.42
Say 254.00

COST ESTIMATE - B - LAND
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Requirement of land
Staff for demoreacation and measurement of

of land @ 1% of value of land
Total
Unit
ha
Qty
200
Rate
(Rs.)
50,000
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
100.00
1.00
101.00
Say 101.00
JADH GANGA HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT

COST ESTIMATE - K - BUILDINGS
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Residential Buildings
1.1 Permanent residential buildings

Services Charges @
1.2 Temorary Buildings
Servoces Charges @
Total Residential Buildings

L.S. 4 % OF C & J Work 508.84
Non Residential Buildings
2.1 Permanent non-residential buildings
Services Charges @
2.2.
Services Charges @
Total Non-residential Buildings
Grant Total ( Residential + Non-Residential)
508.84
Say 509.00

COST ESTIMATE - SURGE SHAFT
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
2.2 Surge shaft excavation with raise climber
3.3 Shotcreting
M3
6750
300
20.25
M3
4000
1200
48.00
3000
1500
45.00
RM
1800
400
7.20
400
4000
16.00
M3
800
4000
32.00
MT
50
2700
1.35
Concrete
4.1 M-20
5
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
Rate
(Rs.)
2.1 Surge shaft excavation
Qty
Surface Excavation
1,1 Rock excavation

2
Unit
Steel Works
5.1 Deformed Reinforcement
169.80
6
6.1 Various miscellaneious works like site clearance,

drilling & grouting, wire mesh reinforcement,
Airvent pipes, lift arrangement, other steel works etc.
2%
3.40
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
1.70
6.3 Dewatering
1%
1.70
5%
8.49

Total
185.08
Say 185.00

COST ESTIMATE - Q - SPECIAL T&P
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Inspection and Transport Vehicles

Staff Car
Gypsy / Jeep
Amulance
School / Staff Bus
Mini Truck
Truck 10 ton
no
no
no
no
no
no
4
12
2
2
4
5
3.75
3.75
8
6.5
5
8
15.00
45.00
16.00
13.00
20.00
40.00
Miscellaneous Equipments
Crane 50 ton
Carane 18 ton
Carane 10 ton
DG sets 500 KVA
Welding set
Tractor Trailor
Weight Bridge-20 ton
Explosive Van 10 ton
Pump 5 HP
Pump 10 HP
Pump 50 HP
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
1
1
2
4
4
2
2
2
20
10
10
155
75
45
25
2.25
18
8
6
0.2
0.3
1
310.00
75.00
90.00
100.00
9.00
36.00
16.00
12.00
4.00
3.00
10.00
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
2
2
2
4
2
6
2
2
2
2
2
6
4
1
0.7
0.15
0.75
0.25
0.5
0.15
1.25
8.00
2.00
1.40
0.60
1.50
1.50
10.00
8.00
1.00
1.00
0.30
7.50
15.00
871.80
Say 872.00
Workshop Equipments
Lathe machine
Shaper machine
Bench Drilling machine
Grinder
Drill Steel Grinder
Power hacksw
Hydrulic jack
Engine repair shop
Auto-electrical repair shop
Battery charger
Compressor for tyre inflation
Gas cutting set
Unforeseen item
Total cost of special tools and plants
NOTE : The project has been planned for construction through private agencies. The contractor shall arrange
heavy equipments for works for which no provision has been kept under Q - Special T&P.
C-Works-1

COST ESTIMATE - DIVERSION TUNNEL
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1000
300
3.00
M3
10500
1000
105.00
3.1 Rockbolts
RM
5800
400
23.20
3.2 Shotcreting
M3
1300
4000
52.00
M3
2600
4000
104.00
100
27000
27.00
1.1 Command Excavation

1.2 Rock excavation
Support System
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
314.83
6
Miscellaneous
6.1 Various miscellaneious works like wiremesh/steel fibre

reinforcement,drilling & grouting PVC pipes
for drainage, slope protection works etc.
8%
25.19
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
3.15
6.3 Dewatering
2%
6.30
5%
15.74

Total
365.20
Say 365.00
C-Works-2

COST ESTIMATE - COFFER DAM
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
400
125
0.50
M3
3000
2000
60.00
2000
4000
80.00
400
400
1.60
Concrete
2.1 Plum Concrete

2.2 M-15
3
Qty
Surface Excavation
1.1 Common Excavation
Unit
Rock Bolting & Drilling
RM
142.10
4
Miscellaneous
4.1 Various miscellaneious works
0.5%
0.71
4.2 Dewatering
3%
4.26
5%
7.11

Total
154.18
Say 154.00
C-Works-3

COST ESTIMATE - CONCRETE DAM
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
20000
300
60.00
2.1 Rockbolts
RM
3700
400
14.80
2.2 Shotcreting
M3
500
4000
20.00
3.1 M 15
M3
9200
2930
269.56
3.2 M 20
23000
3392
780.16
MT
3250
27000
877.50
1.1 Rock Excavation
Support System
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
2022.02
5
Miscellaneous

reinforcement,drilling & grouting PVC pipes, other
steel works, slope protection works, elevator, road
works, archktectural works for dam etc.
3%
60.66
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
20.22
5.3 Dewatering
2%
40.44
5%
101.10

Total
2244.44
Say 2245.00
J - POWER PLANT CIVIL WORKS - 9

COST ESTIMATE - ADITS
Sl.No
.
1
Item of work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
1.1 Common excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
1000
300
3.00
M3
2600
1000
26.00
1900
400
7.60
450
4000
18.00
950
4000
38.00
50
27000
13.50
2.1 Excavation of adits
Supports Systems
3.1 Rockbolts
3.2 Shotcreting
Concrete
4.1 Cement Concrete Lining M-20
RM
M3
Reinforcing Steel
106.73
6
Miscellaneous
6.1 Various miscellaneous works like drilling & grouting,

wiremesh reinforcement, masonery works, PVC
pipes for drainage etc.
4%
4.27
Instrumentation
1%
1.07
6.2 Dewatering
2%
2.13
5%
5.34

Total
119.53
Say 120.00

COST ESTIMATE - INTAKE STRUCTURE
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
24500
125
30.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
4500
300
13.50
M3
6700
1000
67.00
RM
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
13500
400
54.00
4500
4000
180.00
4.1 M-15
M3
2000
2930
58.6
4.2 M-20
700
3390
23.73
4.3 Cement lining M-20
M3
650
4000
26.00
130
27000
35.10
3.2 Shotcreting
Concrete
Reinforeing Steel
488.56
6
6.1 Various miscellaneous works like drilling &

grouting, wiremesh reinforcement, slope protection
works, othr steel works etc.
2%
9.77
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
4.89
6.3 Dewatering
1%
4.89
5%
24.43

Total
532.52
Say 533.00

COST ESTIMATE DESILTING CHAMBER & SILT FLUSHING TUNNEL
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
48700
1000
487.00
2.1 Rockbolts
RM
8150
400
32.60
2.2 Shotcreting
M3
5550
4000
222.00
M3
5550
4000
222.00
Support System
Concrete Lining
3.1 Cement Lining M-20
963.60
4

fibre reinforcement, drilling & grouting etc.
4.2 Dewatering
4%
38.54
2%
19.27
5%
48.18

Total
1069.60
Say 1070.00

COST ESTIMATE - HEAD RACE TUNNEL + INTAKE TUNNELS
Item of Work
Sl.No
.
Support System
2.1 Rockbolts
2.3 Shotcreting
3
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
112010
1000
1120.10
RM
58750
400
235.00
13250
4000
530.00
M3
26450
4000
1058.00
100
27000
27.00
Concrete Lining
Unit
Reinforceing Steel
2970.10
5

fibre reinforcement, drilling & grouting, PVC pipes
for drainage, slope prolection works etc.
8%
237.61
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
29.70
5.3 Dewatering
2%
59.40
5%
148.51

Total
3445.32
Say 3445.00

COST ESTIMATE - PRESSURE SHAFTS AND PENSTOCKS
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Support System
2.1 Rockbolts
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
9600
1000
96.00
RM
5700
400
22.80
1300
4000
52.00
3.1 M-15 backfill concrete
M3
2550
2930
74.72
MT
240
70000
168.00
2.2 Shotereting
Concrete
Penstock Steel Liners
413.52
5
5.1 Various Miscellaneous works like drilling &

& grouting, wiremesh/steel fibre reinforcement,
swellex anchor, etc.
3%
12.41
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
4.14
6.3 Dewatering
1%
4.14
5%
20.68

Total
454.87
Say 455.00

COST ESTIMATE - POWER HOUSE COMPLEX INCLUDING TRANFORMER CAVERN
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
1.2 Rock excavation

2
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
M3
4000
300
12.00
M3
46500
1000
465.00
RM
4000
400
16.00
900
4.1 M20
M3
1150
3392
39.01
4.2 M15
4100
2930
120.13
3.2 Shotcreting
4
0.00
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
550
27000
148.50
Structural Steel for roof trusses
50
42000
21.00
Stone/Brick Masonry
LS
15.00
836.64
Miscellaneous
8.1 Various miscellaneous works like site clearance,

drilling & grouting, wiremesh/steel fibre,
reinforcement, flooring, water proofing system
swellex anchor, doors & windows,painting, lift
arrangement, architectural works, other metalworks
etc.
5%
41.83
8.2 Instrumentation
1%
8.37
8.3 Dewatering
2%
16.73
5%
41.83

Total
945.40
Say 945.00

COST ESTIMATE - TAIL RACE TUNNEL
Item of Work
Sl.No
.
1
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
1500
300
4.50
4000
1000
40.00
3.1 Rock Bolling
RM
2500
400
10.00
3.2 Shot Creting
M3
560
4000
22.40
M3
1120
4000
44.80
Under Ground Excavation
Support system
Concrete Lining
122.33
5
Miscellaneous
5.1 MISC.
3%
3.67
5.2 Dewatering
1%
1.22
5%
6.12
5.3 Add. 5% on account of contingencies and work

charged establishment
Total
133.33
Say 133.00

COST ESTIMATE A - PRELIMINARY
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Cost of surveys and investigation including

geological investigation, hydrological
investigation, preliminary construction materials
surveys, C/O access paths and roads etc. at PFR
stage.
Topographical & other surveys for dam,

powerhouse, reservoir etc.
Geological Investigation
Drilling & Drifting
Construction Material Survey
Hydrological and meteorological observation
Geophysical survey, seismological study.
Hydraulic model studies
Ground water studies
10
Charges for preliminary consultancy & specialists
11
Training of Engineers during investigation
12
Instrument and equipment for S & I works
13
Stationary. Writing of completion report &
L.S. 2% OF C & J WORKS 254.42
history of project.
254.42
Say 254.00

COST ESTIMATE - B - LAND
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Requirement of land
Staff for demoreacation and measurement of

of land @ 1% of value of land
Total
Unit
ha
Qty
200
Rate
(Rs.)
50,000
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
100.00
1.00
101.00
Say 101.00
JADH GANGA HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT

COST ESTIMATE - K - BUILDINGS
Sl.No
.
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Residential Buildings
1.1 Permanent residential buildings

Services Charges @
1.2 Temorary Buildings
Servoces Charges @
Total Residential Buildings

L.S. 4 % OF C & J Work 508.84
Non Residential Buildings
2.1 Permanent non-residential buildings
Services Charges @
2.2.
Services Charges @
Total Non-residential Buildings
Grant Total ( Residential + Non-Residential)
508.84
Say 509.00

COST ESTIMATE - SURGE SHAFT
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
2.2 Surge shaft excavation with raise climber
3.3 Shotcreting
M3
6750
300
20.25
M3
4000
1200
48.00
3000
1500
45.00
RM
1800
400
7.20
400
4000
16.00
M3
800
4000
32.00
MT
50
2700
1.35
Concrete
4.1 M-20
5
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Support System
3.1 Rockbolts
Rate
(Rs.)
2.1 Surge shaft excavation
Qty
Surface Excavation
1,1 Rock excavation

2
Unit
Steel Works
5.1 Deformed Reinforcement
169.80
6
6.1 Various miscellaneious works like site clearance,

drilling & grouting, wire mesh reinforcement,
Airvent pipes, lift arrangement, other steel works etc.
2%
3.40
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
1.70
6.3 Dewatering
1%
1.70
5%
8.49

Total
185.08
Say 185.00

COST ESTIMATE - Q - SPECIAL T&P
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Inspection and Transport Vehicles

Staff Car
Gypsy / Jeep
Amulance
School / Staff Bus
Mini Truck
Truck 10 ton
no
no
no
no
no
no
4
12
2
2
4
5
3.75
3.75
8
6.5
5
8
15.00
45.00
16.00
13.00
20.00
40.00
Miscellaneous Equipments
Crane 50 ton
Carane 18 ton
Carane 10 ton
DG sets 500 KVA
Welding set
Tractor Trailor
Weight Bridge-20 ton
Explosive Van 10 ton
Pump 5 HP
Pump 10 HP
Pump 50 HP
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
1
1
2
4
4
2
2
2
20
10
10
155
75
45
25
2.25
18
8
6
0.2
0.3
1
310.00
75.00
90.00
100.00
9.00
36.00
16.00
12.00
4.00
3.00
10.00
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
2
2
2
4
2
6
2
2
2
2
2
6
4
1
0.7
0.15
0.75
0.25
0.5
0.15
1.25
8.00
2.00
1.40
0.60
1.50
1.50
10.00
8.00
1.00
1.00
0.30
7.50
15.00
871.80
Say 872.00
Workshop Equipments
Lathe machine
Shaper machine
Bench Drilling machine
Grinder
Drill Steel Grinder
Power hacksw
Hydrulic jack
Engine repair shop
Auto-electrical repair shop
Battery charger
Compressor for tyre inflation
Gas cutting set
Unforeseen item
Total cost of special tools and plants
NOTE : The project has been planned for construction through private agencies. The contractor shall arrange
heavy equipments for works for which no provision has been kept under Q - Special T&P.
C-Works-1

COST ESTIMATE - DIVERSION TUNNEL
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1000
300
3.00
M3
10500
1000
105.00
3.1 Rockbolts
RM
5800
400
23.20
3.2 Shotcreting
M3
1300
4000
52.00
M3
2600
4000
104.00
100
27000
27.00
1.1 Command Excavation

1.2 Rock excavation
Support System
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
314.83
6
Miscellaneous

reinforcement,drilling & grouting PVC pipes
for drainage, slope protection works etc.
8%
25.19
6.2 Instrumentation
1%
3.15
6.3 Dewatering
2%
6.30
5%
15.74

Total
365.20
Say 365.00
C-Works-2

COST ESTIMATE - COFFER DAM
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
M3
400
125
0.50
M3
3000
2000
60.00
2000
4000
80.00
400
400
1.60
Concrete
2.1 Plum Concrete

2.2 M-15
3
Qty
Surface Excavation
1.1 Common Excavation
Unit
Rock Bolting & Drilling
RM
142.10
4
Miscellaneous
4.1 Various miscellaneious works
0.5%
0.71
4.2 Dewatering
3%
4.26
5%
7.11

Total
154.18
Say 154.00
C-Works-3

COST ESTIMATE - CONCRETE DAM
Sl.No
.
1
Item of Work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
M3
20000
300
60.00
2.1 Rockbolts
RM
3700
400
14.80
2.2 Shotcreting
M3
500
4000
20.00
3.1 M 15
M3
9200
2930
269.56
3.2 M 20
23000
3392
780.16
MT
3250
27000
877.50
1.1 Rock Excavation
Support System
Concrete
Reinforcing Steel
2022.02
5
Miscellaneous

reinforcement,drilling & grouting PVC pipes, other
steel works, slope protection works, elevator, road
works, archktectural works for dam etc.
3%
60.66
5.2 Instrumentation
1%
20.22
5.3 Dewatering
2%
40.44
5%
101.10

Total
2244.44
Say 2245.00
J - POWER PLANT CIVIL WORKS - 9

COST ESTIMATE - ADITS
Sl.No
.
1
Item of work
Unit
Qty
Rate
(Rs.)
Amount (Rs.
in Lakh)
Surface Excavation
1.1 Common excavation
M3
500
125
0.63
1.2 Rock excavation
M3
1000
300
3.00
M3
2600
1000
26.00
1900
400
7.60
450
4000
18.00
950
4000
38.00
50
27000
13.50
2.1 Excavation of adits
Supports Systems
3.1 Rockbolts
3.2 Shotcreting
Concrete
4.1 Cement Concrete Lining M-20
RM
M3
Reinforcing Steel
106.73
6
Miscellaneous
6.1 Various miscellaneous works like drilling & grouting,

wiremesh reinforcement, masonery works, PVC
pipes for drainage etc.
4%
4.27
Instrumentation
1%
1.07
6.2 Dewatering
2%
2.13
5%
5.34

Total
119.53
Say 120.00
Annexure 12.1
ABSTRACT OF COST OF WORKS
S.No.
AMOUNT
(Rs.in Crores)
(June 2003)
DESCRIPTION
CIVIL WORKS
DIRECT CHARGES
I - Works
A - Preliminary
B - Land
C - Works
J - Power Plant Civil Works
K - Buildings
M - Plantation
O - Miscellaneous
P - Maintenance
Q - Special Tools & Plants
R - Communication
X - Environment & Ecology
Y - Losses on Stock
(-)
TOTAL OF I - WORKS
II - Establishhment @ 8% of cost of I-works less B-Land

III - Tools and Plants @ 1% of cost of I - Works
IV- suspense
V - Receipt & Recoveries
2.30
1.01
27.64
87.32
4.60
0.50
5.75
1.15
8.72
5.75
2.87
0.31
147.30
(-)
10.77
1.47
0.00
.013
Total Direct Charges

Indirect charges
a) Capital value of Abatement of land Revenue, 5% of B Land
b) Audit and Account Charges @ 1% of cost of I-Works.
159.53
Total indirect Charges
1.52
Total of Direct & Indirect Charges.
161.05
0.05
1.47
Abstract :
A
B
Civil Works
Electrical works
Total cost
161.05
107.29
268.34
Say 268.00
0.31
0.01308
ANNEXURE-7.1
BHAIRONGHATI HYDEL SCHEME
AREA CAPACITY CURVE
MDDL
FRL
ELEVATION
CAPACITY
(M)
(MCUM)
2630
1.03
2631
1.082
2631.5
1.107
2632
1.133
2632.5
1.159
2633
1.185
2633.5
1.21
2634
1.236
2635
1.288
2635.5
1.313
2636
1.339
2637
1.391
2637.5
1.416
2638
1.442
2639
1.494
2639.5
1.519
2640
1.545
2642
1.883
ANNEX - 7.3
INCREMENTAL ENERGY BENEFITS
( 90% DEPENDABLE YEAR )
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
INST.
ANNUAL
ANNUAL L.F LEAN
KWh/ KW
CAP.(MW) ENERGY
(%)
FLOW L.F
GEN (GWh)
(%)
30
186.81
71.09
37.09
6227.14
35
204.20
66.60
31.79
5834.23
40
221.36
63.17
27.82
5533.95
45
237.58
60.27
24.73
5279.58
50
252.22
57.58
22.25
5044.43
55
266.30
55.27
20.23
4841.83
60
279.74
53.22
18.54
4662.35
65
293.18
51.49
17.12
4510.47
70
306.22
49.94
15.90
4374.56
75
318.08
48.41
14.84
4241.06
80
329.12
46.96
13.91
4113.99
d (KWh)/
(KW)
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
75
80
3476.78
3432.00
3244.63
2928.00
2815.89
2688.00
2688.00
2607.68
2372.01
2208.00
d (kWh) / d (kW)
S. NO.
85
90
ANNEX - 7.2
POWER POTENTIAL WITH DIFFERENT INSTALLED CAPACITY IN A 90% DEPENDABLE YEAR
FRL
MDDL
TWL
2642 m
2630 m
2514 m
GROSS HEAD
WC LOSSES
NET HEAD
124.00 m
15.1 m
108.90 m
GEN. EFF
TUR. EFF.
98 %
93.5 %
MONTH INFLOWS POWER

UNRESTRICTEINSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP.
POTENTIALENERGY
30 MW
35 MW
40 MW
45 MW
50 MW
55 MW
60 MW
65 MW
70 MW
75 MW
80 MW
POWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGY POWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGY
(CUMECS) (MWc)
(GWh)
(MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh)
(MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc)
(GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh)
Jun
75
73.42
17.62
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
73.42
17.62
73.42
17.62
98.7
96.62
23.19
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
126.6
123.93
29.74
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
Jul
106.5
104.25
25.02
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
126.9
124.22
29.81
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
173.5
169.84
44.84
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
45.00
11.88
50.00
13.20
55.00
14.52
60.00
15.84
65.00
17.16
70.00
18.48
75.00
19.80
80.00
21.12
Aug
139.3
136.36
32.73
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
145.3
142.23
34.14
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
121.8
119.23
31.48
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
45.00
11.88
50.00
13.20
55.00
14.52
60.00
15.84
65.00
17.16
70.00
18.48
75.00
19.80
80.00
21.12
Sep
88.7
86.83
20.84
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
69.8
68.33
16.40
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
68.33
16.40
68.33
16.40
68.33
16.40
53.8
52.66
12.64
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
52.66
12.64
52.66
12.64
52.66
12.64
52.66
12.64
52.66
12.64
52.66
12.64
Oct
42.5
41.60
9.98
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
41.60
9.98
28.5
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.90
6.70
27.9
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
27.31
7.21
Nov
24
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
23.49
5.64
20.9
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
20.46
4.91
18
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
17.62
4.23
Dec
12.7
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.43
2.98
12.1
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
11.84
2.84
10.3
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
10.08
2.66
Jan
12.9
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.63
3.03
12.3
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.04
2.89
12.5
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
12.24
3.23
Feb
12.2
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11.94
2.87
11
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.77
2.58
10.3
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
10.08
1.94
Mar
10.4
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
9.79
2.35
10.7
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
10.47
2.77
Apr
11.9
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
11.65
2.80
10.4
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
10.18
2.44
16.9
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
16.54
3.97
May
26.3
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
25.74
6.18
31.6
30.93
7.42
30.00
7.20
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
30.93
7.42
45.5
44.54
11.76
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
44.54
11.76
Total energy (GWh)
Lean Period Power (MWc)
(Jan. - Mar. )
424.26
186.81
11.13
204.20
11.13
221.36
11.13
237.58
11.13
252.22
11.13
266.30
11.13
279.74
11.13
293.18
11.13
306.22
11.13
318.08
11.13
329.12
11.13
Incr. Energy(GWh)
17.38
17.16
16.22
14.64
14.08
13.44
13.44
13.04
11.86
11.04
Incr. Cap.(MW)
Incr. Energy/Incr. Power (kWh/kW)
3476.78
3432.00
3244.63
2928.00
2815.89
2688.00
2688.00
2607.68
2372.01
2208.00
ANNEX - 7.4
POWER POTENTIAL WITH DIFFERENT INSTALLED CAPACITY IN A 50% DEPENDABLE YEAR
FRL
MDDL
TWL
2642 m
2630 m
2514 m
GROSS HEAD
WC LOSSES
NET HEAD
124.00 m
15.1 m
108.90 m
GEN. EF
TUR. EFF
98 %
93.5 %
MONTH INFLOWS POWER

UNRESTRICTEINSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP. INSTALLED CAP.
POTENTIAL ENERGY
30 MW
35 MW
40 MW
45 MW
50 MW
55 MW
60 MW
65 MW
70 MW
75 MW
80 MW
POWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGY POWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGYPOWER ENERGY
(CUMECS) (MWc)
(GWh)
(MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh)
(MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh) (MWc) (GWh)
Jun
138.5
135.58
32.54
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
183.9
180.02
43.20
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
222.3
217.61
52.23
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
Jul
196.3
192.16
46.12
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
241.5
236.40
56.74
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
254.3
248.93
65.72
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
45.00
11.88
50.00
13.20
55.00
14.52
60.00
15.84
65.00
17.16
70.00
18.48
75.00
19.80
80.00
21.12
Aug
253.3
247.95
59.51
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
237
232.00
55.68
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
198.2
194.02
51.22
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
45.00
11.88
50.00
13.20
55.00
14.52
60.00
15.84
65.00
17.16
70.00
18.48
75.00
19.80
80.00
21.12
Sep
162.4
158.97
38.15
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
125.5
122.85
29.48
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
87.1
85.26
20.46
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
65.00
15.60
70.00
16.80
75.00
18.00
80.00
19.20
Oct
66
64.61
15.51
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
60.00
14.40
64.61
15.51
64.61
15.51
64.61
15.51
64.61
15.51
47.5
46.50
11.16
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
46.50
11.16
44
43.07
11.37
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
43.07
11.37
Nov
39.9
39.06
9.37
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
39.06
9.37
32.8
32.11
7.71
30.00
7.20
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
32.11
7.71
27.5
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
26.92
6.46
Dec
20.4
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.97
4.79
19.5
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
19.09
4.58
18.8
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
18.40
4.86
Jan
19.6
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.6
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.19
4.60
19.1
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
18.70
4.94
Feb
18.5
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
18.11
4.35
17.9
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.52
4.21
17.4
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
17.03
3.27
Mar
17.1
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
16.74
4.02
17.5
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
17.13
4.11
18.9
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
18.50
4.88
Apr
20.3
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
19.87
4.77
25.6
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
25.06
6.01
33
32.30
7.75
30.00
7.20
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
32.30
7.75
May
45.2
44.25
10.62
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
44.25
10.62
60.1
58.83
14.12
30.00
7.20
35.00
8.40
40.00
9.60
45.00
10.80
50.00
12.00
55.00
13.20
58.83
14.12
58.83
14.12
58.83
14.12
58.83
14.12
58.83
14.12
79.6
77.92
20.57
30.00
7.92
35.00
9.24
40.00
10.56
45.00
11.88
50.00
13.20
55.00
14.52
60.00
15.84
65.00
17.16
70.00
18.48
75.00
19.80
77.92
20.57
Total energy (GWh)
Lean Period Power (MWc)
(Jan. - Mar. )
729.68
224.54
18.01
248.88
18.01
271.93
18.01
293.32
18.01
312.04
18.01
330.40
18.01
348.48
18.01
365.54
18.01
381.50
18.01
397.46
18.01
412.87
18.01
Incr. Energy(GWh)
24.34
23.05
21.39
18.72
18.36
18.08
17.07
15.96
15.96
15.41
Incr. Cap.(MW)
Incr. Energy/Incr. Power (kWh/kW)
4867.73
4610.77
4277.96
3743.87
3672.00
3615.91
3413.13
3192.00
3192.00
3082.16
ANNEX - 7.5
CAPACITY AND ENERGY BENEFITS IN
90% DEPENDABLE YEAR
PERIOD
JUN - 1
JUN - 2
JUN - 3
JUL - 1
JUL - 2
JUL - 3
AUG - 1
AUG - 2
AUG - 3
SEP - 1
SEP - 2
SEP - 3
OCT - 1
OCT - 2
OCT - 3
NOV - 1
NOV - 2
NOV - 3
DEC - 1
DEC - 2
DEC - 3
JAN - 1
JAN - 2
JAN - 3
FEB - 1
FEB - 2
FEB - 3
MAR - 1
MAR - 2
MAR - 3
APR - 1
APR - 2
APR - 3
MAY - 1
MAY - 2
MAY - 3
TOTAL
INFLOWS
(Cumecs)
75.00
98.70
126.60
106.50
126.90
173.50
139.30
145.30
121.80
88.70
69.80
53.80
42.50
28.50
27.90
24.00
20.90
18.00
12.70
12.10
10.30
12.90
12.30
12.50
12.20
11.00
10.30
10.40
10.00
10.70
11.90
10.40
16.90
26.30
31.60
45.50
1560.26
(Mcum)
OUTPUT IC =
MWc
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
65.00
52.66
41.60
27.90
27.31
23.49
20.46
17.62
12.43
11.84
10.08
12.63
12.04
12.24
11.94
10.77
10.08
10.18
9.79
10.47
11.65
10.18
16.54
25.74
30.93
44.54
65
GWh
15.60
15.60
15.60
15.60
15.60
17.16
15.60
15.60
17.16
15.60
15.60
12.64
9.98
6.70
7.21
5.64
4.91
4.23
2.98
2.84
2.66
3.03
2.89
3.23
2.87
2.58
1.94
2.44
2.35
2.77
2.80
2.44
3.97
6.18
7.42
11.76
293.18
MW
DESIGN ENERGY
MWc
GWh
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
61.75
14.82
52.66
12.64
41.60
9.98
27.90
6.70
27.31
6.55
23.49
5.64
20.46
4.91
17.62
4.23
12.43
2.98
11.84
2.84
10.08
2.42
12.63
3.03
12.04
2.89
12.24
2.94
11.94
2.87
10.77
2.58
10.08
2.42
10.18
2.44
9.79
2.35
10.47
2.51
11.65
2.80
10.18
2.44
16.54
3.97
25.74
6.18
30.93
7.42
44.54
10.69
279.45

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PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E.

Uttaranchal envisages utilization of the waters of the river Bhagirathi,

tributary of Ganga for power generation on a run of river type development,

Uttarakashi-Gangotri highway) at a distance of 267 km. The nearest rail head

a 34 m high Concrete Gravity dam across river Bhagirathi to provide

0.853 Mcum with FRL at 2642.0 m and MDDL at

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

an 80 m high, 10.0 m dia surge shaft

230 m long, 3.75 m dia pressure shaft

power house having an installation of 2 Francis

turbine driven generating units of 32.5 MW each operating under a

The design flood has been

assessed as 8495 cumecs (PMF).

POWER POTENTIAL STUDIES

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

Annual Energy Generation

Annual Load Factor (%)

Energy Output (MWc)

Load Factor (%)

Generation during Lean Flow Season

POWER EVACUATION ASPECTS

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

submergence. In addition, land will also be required for other project

management plans have to be formulated for acquisition of forest land in

ESTIMATES OF THE COST

Rs. (in Crores)

Electro Mechanical Works

Interest During Construction

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

The tariff has been worked out

considering a debt-equity ratio of 70:30, 16% return on equity and annual

5 years. The project would afford a design energy of 279.45 GWh in a

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

gradients and most of the stream offer excellent

Hydro power development.

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

The percentage of villages having population

POWER SCENARIO IN NORTHERN REGION

2.2.1 Present Status

Jammu & Kashmir

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

2.2.2 Peak Power (in MW), year 2001-2002

Jammu & Kashmir

NECESSITY OF HYDRO POWER DEVELOPMENT IN UTTARANCHAL

2.3.1 Hydro and Thermal Power Mix

for generating electricity

are by utilising the hydro

world, it is necessary that

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

electric generation be aimed to achieve the economic balance of 40:60

BRIDGING THE GAP OF HYDRO POWER GENERATION

(iv) Srinagar H.E. Project (330 MW),

(viii) Koteshwar Dam Project

PFR STUDIES OF BHAIRON GHATI H.E. PROJECT

Karanprayag Dam (252 MW)

Lata Tapovan (108 MW)

Kishau Dam (600 MW)

Vishnugad Pipalkoti (340 MW)

Pala Maneri (416 MW)

Chamgad Dam (400 MW)

Koth Bhel (1000 MW)

Utyasu Dam (1000 MW)