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Market Factors
Manufacturers recognize the benet
of energy-saving devices and products.
In lighting, competition is structured
around the most efcient lamps in lightoutput per watt and in increasing lamp
life for end-use customers, recognizing
that most building owners are concerned
with lowering operation cost.
The combination of lower wattage
products and time controls to reduce
hours of product operation, as dictated by
the standard, are in synch with the market
demand of consumers, especially in the
commercial and industrial sector.
Despite this, energy standards often are
not understood as the market drivers that
they truly are. Currently, 15 states do not
have mandated energy codes that meet even
the 1999 version of Standard 90.1. Many
states have no energy code, have voluntary
standards, or have standards that are based
on the 1989 version of Standard 90.1.
Approximately half of this 2% per year relative gain in electric efciency (California vs. the U.S.) is directly explained by Californias codes and standards and
utility-administered energy efciency programs. The other half of the 2% per year gain is explained by structural differences and a mild climate.
** U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume 1: National Lighting Inventory and Energy Consumption Estimate, U.S. Dept. of Energy, September 2002. This is
available at www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/info/publications.html, Technical Reports section.
62
ASHRAE Journal
October 2005