International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No.

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ISSN: 1837-7823

Generalised Nearly Para-Sasakian Manifolds

L K Pandey
D S Institute of Technology & Management, Ghaziabad, U.P. - 201007
dr.pandeylk@rediffmail.com
Abstract
In 1976, 1977, I. Sato [9], [10] dicussed on a structure similar to almost contact structure. Also in 1979, K.
Matsumoto and I. Sato [4] discussed on p-Sasakian manifolds satisfying certain conditions and in 2011, R. Nivas and
A. Bajpai [6] studied on generalized Lorentzian Para-Sasakian manifolds. Recently, the auther [7], [8] studied on
Lorentzian special para-Sasakian manifolds and generalised Lorentzian para Sasakian manifolds.
Hayden [2] introduced the idea of metric connection with torsion tensor in a Riemannian manifold. Yano
[11] and Imai [3] studied the properties of semi-symmetric metric connection in a Riemannian manifold.
Nirmala S. Agashe and Mangala R. Chafle [5] studied semi-symmetric non-metric connection in a Riemannian
manifold. In 2013, Chaubey S.K. and Pandey A.C. [1] studied the properties of semi-symmetric non-metric
connection in Sasakian manifolds
In this paper generalised para-Sasakian manifold and generalised special para-Sasakian manifold have
been discussed. Generalised nearly para-Sasakian manifold and generalised nearly special para-Sasakian manifold
have been introduced and some of their properties have been established. The purpose of this paper is to study the
induced semi-symmetric non-metric connection in a generalised almost para-contact manifold.
Keywords: Generalised nearly p-Sasakian manifold, generalised nearly special p-Sasakian manifolds, generalised
nearly p-co-symplectic manifolds, induced connection.

1.

Introduction

An n(=2m+1) dimensional differentiable manifold , on which there are defined a tensor field of type (1,
1), two contravariant vector fields 1 and 2 , two covariant vector fields 1and 2 and a metric tensor g, satisfying
for arbitrary vector fields , , ,
= 1 ()1 2 ()2 , 1 = 0, 2 = 0, 1 (1 ) = 1, 2 (2 ) = 1, , 1 () = 0,
2 () = 0, rank = n-2

(1.1)

g (, ) = g (, ) 1 ()1 () 2 ()2 (), where 1 () = (, 1 ), 2 () = (, 2 )

(1.2)

`(, ) ( , ) = `(, ),
Then is called a generalised almost Para-Contact manifold (a generalised almost P-Contact manifold).
Let D be a Riemannian connection on , then we have
(1.3) (a)

( `)( , ) + ( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )() + 2 ()( 2 )() + 1 ()( 1 )() +

2 ()( 2 )() = 0

(b) ( `) ( , ) + ( `) ( , ) = 0
(1.4) (a)

( `)( , ) + ( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )() + 2 ()( 2 )() + 1 ()( 1 )() +

2 ()( 2 )() = 0

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International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No. 9
ISSN: 1837-7823

(b)

( `) ( , ) + ( `)( , ) = 0

A generalised almost P-Contact manifold is called a generalised Para-Sasakian manifold (a generalised P-Sasakian
manifold) if
2( )() + {1 () + 2 ()} + ( , )(1 + 2 ) = 0

(1.5) (a)
(b)

2 ( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) + {1 () + 2 ()}( , ) = 0

(c)

1 = 2 ,

2 = 1

On this manifold, we have

(1.6) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = ( , )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = `(, )
A generalised almost P-Contact manifold is called a generalised Special Para-Sasakian manifold (a generalised SPSasakian manifold) if
2( )() + {1 () + 2 ()} + `(, )(1 + 2 ) = 0

(1.7) (a)
(b)

2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) = 0

(c)

1 = 2 ,

2 = 1

On this manifold, we have

(1.8) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = `(, )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = ( , )
A generalised almost P-Contact manifold will be called a generalised Para-Co-symplectic manifold (a generalised PCo-symplectic manifold) if
2( ) + 1 () 1 + 2 () 2 + ( 1 )( )1 + ( 2 )( )2 = 0

(1.9) (a)
(b)

2( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )() + 2 ()( 2 )() + 1 ()( 1 )() + 2 ()( 2 )() = 0

Therefore a generalised P-Co-symplectic manifold is a generalised P-Sasakian manifold if

(1.10) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = ( , )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = `(, ) (c) 1 = 2 ,

2 = 1

Also a generalised P-Co-symplectic manifold is a generalised SP-Sasakian manifold if

(1.11) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = `(, )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = ( , ) (c) 1 = 2 ,

2 = 1

Nijenhuis tensor in a generalised almost P-Contact manifold is given by

(1.12)

`(, , ) = ( `)(, ) ( `)(, ) ( `)(, ) + ( `)(, )

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International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No. 9
ISSN: 1837-7823
`(, , ) (( , ), )

Where

2.

Generalised Nearly Para-Sasakian manifolds

A generalised almost P-contact manifold will be called a generalised nearly Para-Sasakian manifold (a
generalised nearly P-Sasakian manifold) if
(2.1) 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , )
= 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , )
= 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , )
The equation of a generalised nearly P-Sasakian manifold can be modified as
(2.2) (a) 2( ) 2( ) + {1 () + 2 ()} {1 () + 2 ()} = 0
(b) 2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) {1 () + 2 ()} ( , ) = 0
These equations can be written as
(2.3) (a)
(b)
(2.4) (a)
(b)

2( ) 2( ) {1 () + 2 ()} = 0
2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) = 0
2( ) 2( ) {1 () + 2 ()} = 0
2( `) ( , ) 2 ( `) (, ) {1 () + 2 ()}( , ) = 0

(2.5)(a) 2( ) 2( ) + 1 (){ 1 + (1 )} + 2 (){ 2 + (2 )} {1 () + 2 ()} = 0

(b) 2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) + 1 (){( 1 )( ) + (1 `)( , )} + 2 (){( 2 )( ) +
(2 `)( , )} {1 () + 2 ()}( , ) = 0
Barring , , in (1.12) and using equations (2.1), (1.3) (b), we get `( , , ) = 0,which implies that a generalised
nearly P-Sasakian manifold is completely integrable.

3.

Generalised nearly Special Para-Sasakian manifold

A generalised almost P-contact manifold will be called a generalised nearly Special Para-Sasakian
manifold (a generalised nearly SP-Sasakian manifold) if
(3.1) 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, )
= 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, )
= 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, )
The equation of a generalised nearly SP-Sasakian manifold can be modified as
(3.2) (a)

2( ) 2( ) + {1 () + 2 ()} {1 () + 2 ()} = 0

(b) 2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) + {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) = 0

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International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No. 9
ISSN: 1837-7823
This implies
(3.3) (a)
(b)
(3.4) (a)
(b)

2( ) 2( ) {1 () + 2 ()} = 0
2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) {1 () + 2 ()}( , ) = 0
2( ) 2( ) {1 () + 2 ()} = 0
2( `) ( , ) 2 ( `) (, ) {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) = 0

(3.5) (a) 2( ) 2( ) + 1 (){ 1 + (1 )} + 2 (){ 2 + (2 )} {1 () + 2 ()} = 0

(b) 2( `)(, ) 2( `)(, ) + 1 (){( 1 )( ) + (1 `)( , )} + 2 (){( 2 )( ) +
(2 `)( , )} {1 () + 2 ()} `(, ) = 0
Barring , , in (1.12) and using equations (3.1), (1.3) (b), we get `( , , ) = 0,which implies that a generalised
nearly SP-Sasakian manifold is completely integrable.

4.

Generalised Nearly Para-Co-symplectic manifold

A generalised almost P-Contact manifold will be called a generalised nearly Para-Co-symplectic manifold (a
generalised nearly P-Co-symplectic manifold) if
(4.1)

2( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( )

= 2( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( )
= 2( `)(, ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( ) + 1 ()( 1 )( ) + 2 ()( 2 )( )

It is clear that a generalised nearly P-Sasakian manifold is a generalised nearly P-Co-symplectic manifold, in which
(4.2) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = ( , )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = `(, ) (c) 1 = 2 ,

2 = 1

Also a generalised nearly SP-Sasakian manifold is a generalised nearly P-Co-symplectic manifold, in which
(4.3) (a) ( 1 )( ) = ( 2 )( ) = `(, )
(b) ( 1 )( ) + 2 () = ( 2 )( ) + 1 () = ( , ) (c) 1 = 2 ,

5.

2 = 1

Generalised induced connection

Let 21 be submanifold of 2+1 and let 21 2+1 be the inclusion map such that
21 2+1 ,

Where induces a Jacobian map (linear transformation)

21 2+1 .

21 is tangent space to 21 at point and 2+1 is tangent space to 2+1 at point such that
in 21 at in 2+1 at
Let be the induced tensor field in 21 . Then

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International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No. 9
ISSN: 1837-7823
(, ) = (( ( , ))

(5.1)

We now suppose that a generalised semi-symmetric non-metric connection in a generalised almost P-contact
manifold is given by
= + (, )1 + (, )2 ,

(5.2)

Where and are arbitrary vector fields of 2+1. If

1 = 1 + 1 + 1

(5.3) (a)

and

2 = 2 + 2 + 2

(b)

Where 1 and 2 are vector fields in 21 and and are unit normal vectors to 21 .
Denoting by the connection induced on the submanifold from , Gauss equation is
= ( ) + (, ) + (, )

(5.4) (a)

Where and are symmetric bilinear functions in 21 . Also we have

= ( ) + (, ) + (, ) ,

(5.4) (b)

Where is the connection induced on the submanifold from and and are symmetric bilinear functions in
21
Inconsequence of (5.2), we have
= + (, )1 + (, )2

(5.5)

Using (5.4) and (5.5), we obtain

( ) + ( , ) + (, ) = ( ) + (, ) + (, ) + (, )1 + (, )2

(5.6)

From (5.3) (a) and (5.3) (b), we have

( ) + ( , ) + (, ) = ( ) + (, ) + (, ) + ( , )( 1 + 1 + 1 ) +
(, )( 2 + 2 + 2 )

(5.7)

This implies
= + (, )1 + (, )2

(5.8)
Iff
(5.9) (a)
(b)

(, ) = (, ) + 1 ( , ) + 2 ( , )
(, ) = (, ) + 1 ( , ) + 2 ( , )

Thus we have
Theorem 5.1 The connection induced on a submanifold of a generalised almost P-contact manifold with a
generalised semi-symmetric non-metric connection with respect to unit normal vectors and is also semisymmetric connection iff (5.9) holds.

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International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Information Security December 2014 Vol. 5, No. 9
ISSN: 1837-7823

References
[1] Chaubey, S.K. and Pandey, A.C., (2013) Some Properties of a Semi-symmetric Non-metric Connection on a
Sasakian Manifold, Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences ,Vol. 8, No. 16, pp. 789-799.
[2] Hayden, H. A., (1932) Subspaces of a space with torsion, Proc. London Math. Soc., 34, pp. 27-50.
[3] Imai, T., (1972) Hypersurfaces of a Riemannian manifold with semi-symmetric metric connection,
Tensor N. S.23, pp. 300-306.
[4] Matsumoto, K. and Sato, I. (1979) On P-Sasakian Manifolds satisfying certain conditions, Tensor N. S., 33,
pp. 173-178.
[5] Nirmala S. Agashe and Mangala R. Chafle, (1992) A Semi-symmetric non-metric connection on a Riemmanian
manifold, Indian J. pure appl. Math., 23(6), pp. 399-409.
[6] Nivas, R. and Bajpai, A. (2011) Study of generalized Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds, Journal of
International Academy of Physical Sciences, Vol. 15 No.4, pp. 405-412.
[7] Pandey, L. K., (2014) Lorenzian Special Para-Sasakian manifolds, International journal of computational
Intelligence and information sec. Vol. 5, No. 7.
[8] Pandey, L. K., (2014) Generalised LP-Sasakian manifolds, International journal of computational
Intelligence and information sec. Vol. 5, No. 6.
[9] Sato, I. (1976) On a structure similar to almost contact structure I, Tensor N.S.,30, pp. 219-224.
[10] Sato, I. (1977) On a structure similar to almost contact structure II, Tensor N.S., 31, pp. 199-205.
[11] Yano, K. (1970) On semi-symmetric metric connection, Rev. Roum. Math. pures et appl. tome XV, No 9,
Bucarest, pp. 1579-1584.

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