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Kimia / Chemistry
SPM 2011
Its like this
electron (-)
proton (+)
neutron (0)
A
Z
n / n
4541/2
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
concept of mole.
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Type of Question
4541/1
Paper 1
Objective
A, B, C, D [Multiple choice]
I, II, III, IV
A, B, C, D [Multiple combination]
Number of
Question
Marks
Time
50
(Answer all
questions)
50
1
hour
Consist of 3 Sections :
4541/2
Paper 2
Subjective
4541/3
Paper 3
Structural
Subjective
4541/4
Essay
6
(Answer all
questions)
2
(Answer any one)
2
(Answer any one)
1 or 2
(Answer all)
1 or 2
(Answer any one)
60
2
hours
20
20
1
hours
50
PEKA
TOPICS IN CHEMISTRY
FORM
CHAPTER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
TOPIC
Introduction to Chemistry
The Structure of the Atom
Chemical Formulae and Equations
Periodic Table of Elements
Chemical Bonds
Electrochemistry
Acids and Bases
Salts
Manufactured Substances in Industry
Rate of Reaction
Carbon Compounds
Note
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4
3
4
5
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
[ The marks allocated for each part is an indicator to the length of answer required ]
diagram/set-up of apparatus
table
graph
working in calculations
chemical equations
to support your answer!
[ The marks allocated for each part is an indicator to the length of answer required ]
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Explanation
Short facts are required. No explanation is needed!
State
Nyatakan
Example :
State the common name of the element between group 2 and group
13.
Answer :
Transition element.
Write the name NOT the formula!
No explanation is needed.
Example :
Name the gas collected in the test tube at electrode X.
Answer :
Oxygen
[ NOT : O2 ]
Write
Tulis
Example 1 :
Write the electron arrangement for the magnesium atom.
Answer :
2.8.2
Example 2 :
Write the formula of sodium sulphate.
Answer :
Na2SO4
Define
Takrifkan
Give the
meaning of
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What is meant
by // What is the
meaning of
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Answer :
The total number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus
of an atom.
[ NOT : protons + neutrons // p + n ]
Apakah yang
dimaksudkan dengan
Give the answer based on what do you got? using our five senses.
State the
observation
Nyatakan pemerhatian
Example :
What would you observe at electrode Y?
Answer :
A reddish-brown solid is deposited // Electrode Y becomes thicker.
[ NOT copper metal is formed ]
Give the reasons to describe the happening / fact / phenomenon /
observation.
Explain
Example :
Terangkan / Jelaskan
One kilogramme of meat, cut into big pieces, takes a longer time to
cook compared to one kilogramme of meat cut into small pieces.
Calculate
Hitungkan
0.5 x 10
1000
= 0.005 mol
Na2SO4 + Pb(NO3)2
1 mol
White
precipitate
2NaNO3 + PbSO
4
1 mol
Therefore :
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Chemical test
Procedure :
1.
5 cm3 of the solution that contains Fe3+ ion is poured into a
test tube.
2.
5 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution is added
into the test tube.
reagent
Observation :
Brown precipitate is formed.
Ujian kimia
Compare
Bandingkan
Contrast
Nyatakan perbezaan
Example :
Explain the differences in the melting and boiling points of ionic
and covalent compounds.
1.
Describe
Huraikan
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Procedure
Follow the correct order.
State the quantity of chemical such as :
solution volume and concentration
(eg : 100 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution)
solid mass, spatula, .
(eg : 2.0 g marble chips, 1 spatula zinc powder, 10 cm
magnesium ribbon, ..)
Include Precautionary steps (if present)
Describe an
experiment
Huraikan satu
eksperimen
Observation / Result
Relevent table
Predict
Ramalkan
Conclusion
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Discuss
Bincangkan
Example :
Discuss why lead(II) bromide in solid state does not conduct electricity
while molten lead(II) bromide does.
Answer :
Lead(II) bromide is an ionic compound.
In solid state, Pb2+ ions and Br- ions are held together by strong
electrostatic forces. These ions do not move freely.
In molten state, Pb2+ ions and Br- ions are free to move.
SKILLS // CONCEPTS
A good chemistry student must have the following skills :
SKILL
Draw a diagram
/ set-up of
apparatus
EXPLANATION
Diagram should be drawn neatly and correctly in pencil.
All diagrams should be :
Melukis gambar
rajah / susunan
radas
*Funtional : (berfungsi)
Gabus tidak masuk ke dalam
Tidak bocor atau tersumbat
Larutan dilorek
Buret disokong/dipegang dengan pemegang retort
Tabung didih dipegang dengan pemegang apabila
dipanaskan
Labelled : (berlabel)
Bahan tindak balas dilabel dengan nama/formula
Alat radas utama dilabel
Proses pemanasan dilukis anak panah ke atas dan dilabel
panaskan/haba
Porcelain chips
C4H8 gas
Glass wool soaked
in butan-1-ol
Heat
water
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
10
Draw a
diagram of
particles
arrangement
alloy
Melukis gambar
rajah susunan
zarah
Not accurate
Colour : transparent
Write the
observation
Describe a
chemical test
Colourless
A brown gas is released
Copper is deposited at
the cathode
Hydrogen gas is
produced
Becomes colourless /
decolourise
No reaction
Unchanged
Galvanometer/ammeter/
voltmeter deflected
Galvanometer/ammeter/voltmeter gives/
shows the reading
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
11
Draw a
diagram of
electron
arrangement of
compounds
Observation
The glowing wooden
splinter light up.
A pop sound will be
heard.
The lime water turn
cloudy/milky/chalky.
Ionic compound :
Melukis gambar
rajah susunan
elektron bagi
sebatian
+
X
2Y
+
X
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CHEMISTRY Paper 2
12
Covalent compound :
Draw
/Sketch a graph
Melukis /Melakar
graf
Draw the
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13
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
direction of
electron flow
Melukis gambar
rajah arah
pengaliran
elektron
Write the
equation
Menulis
persamaan
Calculate
Hitungkan
Colour
Draw an
Energy Profile
diagram
Melukis gambar
rajah aras tenaga
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14
Example :
Energy
2C3H7OH + 9O2
H = - 1932 kJ mol-1
6CO2 + 8H2O
2
PERINGATAN !
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15
Ionic equation [Persamaan ion ]
Overall ionic equation [Persamaan ion keseluruhan ]
Bagi perubahan warna, mesti dinyatakan warna asal dan warna akhir.
concentration
physical
state
verb
apparatus and
its specification
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16
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution was measured using a
50 cm3 measuring cylinder and was poured into a 100 cm3 beaker.
Tidak memahami kehendak soalan [Tidak arif tentang kata tugas soalan].
Menjawab mengikut kefahaman sendiri!
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17
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
Memberi lebih daripada satu jawapan dan jawapan yang bercanggah antara
satu sama lain!
Bagi soalan penghitungan, jawapan yang diberi tanpa unit ATAU unit salah!
Jumlah isi yang diberi tidak sepadan dengan jumlah markah yang
diperuntukkan.
Jawapan yang diberi tidak disertakan dengan gambar rajah, jadual keputusan,
lakaran graf, persamaan tindak balas dan sebagainya sebagai pelengkap.
Menulis persamaan dengan formula bahan dan hasil yang tidak betul atau
persamaan yang tidak seimbang! [ disebabkan tidak tahu formula sebatian yang betul ]
Tidak dapat menyatakan warna bahan kimia dengan tepat. Jika perubahan warna,
tidak menyatakan warna asal.
Apabila melukis gambar rajah, biasanya gabus masuk ke dalam tabung uji/
kelalang kon. [ Radas tidak berfungsi! ]
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18
CHEMISTRY Paper 2
The sulphuric acid was poured quickly and carefully into the conical flask.
The water bath was heated slowly until the temperature reached 60 OC.
The naphthalene was stirred slowly, carefully and continuously with a thermometer.
Given answer :
Hydrogen gas is liberated.
Correct answer :
Effervescence occurs // A colourless gas is produced.
7
Apabila melukis graf, paksi tidak dilabel atau label tiada unit!
Dalam huraian kaedah eksperimen, kuantiti dan keadaan bahan kimia yang
diguna tidak dinyatakan.
The END
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