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Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
5.
5.1
5.2
5.3
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.1
Fig. 5.2
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
ph
pv
silo height H
pv
ph
intersection between
shaft and hopper
ph
pv
filling
discharging
radial stress field r
height level of
discharge opening
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.2
Fig. 5.3
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.3
Fig. 5.4
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.4
Fig. 5.5
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
active
passive
x
pv
ph,a
i
+
4 2
cohesion c
of
po
siti
on
pa
ssi
ve
us
loc
d
l
yie
po
siti
on
ph,p
pla
ne
she
ar
active
R,a i
i
tensile
strength Z
act
ive
shear stress
- i
4 2
pv
pv
ph,a
pv
she
ar
R,p
pla
ne
passive
1,p - 2,p
2
p =
2a
ph,a
2,a
a=
i
+
4
2
pv
1,a
2,p
M,p =
principal stresses
ph,a
pv
1,p
passive
1 - sin i
1 + sin i
= a =
ph,p
normal stress
1+
2 cos i
c
1 + sini
1,p =
lateral or
horizontal
stress ratio
i
4 2
1,p + 2,p
2
active
2,a =
ph,p
1 - sin i
1 + sin i
1 + sin i
1 - sin i
2,p+
2 cos i
1 - sini
i
4 2
ph,p
pv
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
1 + sin i
i
= tan2 ( +
4 2
1 - sin i
Figure 5.5
Fig. 5.6
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.6
Fig. 5.7
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.7
Fig. 5.8
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.8
Fig. 5.9
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
ph
D = 2,4 m
silo
G 807
2
23
pn
3 core flow
(CF)
c
=
1.8
3
30
4
height H, H' in m
flow
bondary
measured, filling
measured, discharging
calculated, filling
calculated, discharging,
load factors c1 = 1,4, c4 = 3,0
calculated, DIN 1055 part 6
storage time tL = 22 h
mFill
= 11,5 t
b
= 0,8 t/m3
e
= 33
w
= 23 steel sheet (CF)
w
= 18 steel sheet (MF)
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.9
Fig. 5.10
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Maximum Vertical Pressures (Filling) versus
Wall Friction Angle
11
20
7
6
50
5 w
4 =10
3
2
10 20 30 40 50 60
e in deg
13
11
12
w= 10
30
4
3
2
w=10
max
0,4
0,3
e=30
0,7
-10
-50
1,5
boundaries
rough wall
max
max
40
0,6
0,5
0,4
4050
20
w=10
0,2
0,5
2,5
0,3
30
40
20
40
50
60
boundaries
rough wall
1,5
e=
30
50
30
0,1
10 20 30 40 50 60
w in deg
e=30
60
boundaries
rough wall
40
50
60
20
p*w,
0,5
p*w,
0,6
2,5
30
40
50
60
0,7
10 20 30 40 50 60
e in deg
p*h shaft
p*n hopper
p*n hopper
4 =30
3
40
50
60 boundaries
rough wall
20
30 40 50
max
20
9
8
max,
p*h,
p*h shaft
10
p*n,
p*n hopper
p*h,
max
p*n,
max,
11
p*h shaft
10 20 30 40 50 60
w in deg
14
12
50
e=30 40
shaft
hopper
10
60
40 50
30
boundary
rough wall
boundary
rough wall
p*w,
7
6
5
20
isostatic pressure
10
40
p*v, max
p*v, max
11
30
10
shaft
hopper
12
max
13
12
14
13
p* = p. U
b. g .A
p*w,
14
60
40
50
0,2
p*w shaft
p*w hopper
0,5
0,1
10
0
0
0
10 20 30 40 50 60
e in deg
0
0
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
10 20 30 40 50 60
w in deg
Figure 5.10
Fig. 5.11
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Maximum Vertical Pressures (Filling) versus Effektive
Angle of Internal Friction
w= 10
= 30 core flow
A =0,725
U
H = 2,414
D
10
9
30
40
7
p*v, max
11
50
6
5 w
4 =10
7
6
5
boundary
rough wall
20
30
40
20 30 40 50
e in deg
60
e=30
shaft
hopper
10
boundary
rough wall
50
1
0
isistatic pressure
60
11
p*n, max
p*h shaft
20
30
40
p*n hopper
50
5
4
2
1
1,0
max
=30 40 50
60
10
20 30 40 50
w in deg
60
3
0,8
e=30 40
2,5
0,5
1,5
0,4
1
boundaries
rough wall
2
60
1,5
0,2
40
20
30
w=10
0,5
0,1
20
10
10
20 30 40 50
e in deg
50
0,3
30
60
50
60
0,6
50
0,3
boundaries
rough wall
0,9
0,7
e=60
boundaries
rough wall
10
=30
40
50
60
0
2,5
p*w,
max
Ip*w,
0,4
p*n hopper
7
6
0,8
0,5
max,
60
boundaries
30
rough wall
40
50 60
20 30 40 50 60
e in deg
0,6
20
0,9
0,7
p*h shaft
max
1,0
p*h,
20
30
40
50
5
w
4 =10
10
60
Ip*w,
max
p*n,
p*h,
max,
7
6
20 30 40 50
w in deg
10
10
11
shaft
hopper
w= 10
p*n hopper
10
40
50
max
20
p*w,
10
12
p* = p. U
b. g .A
p*v, max
11
13
e =
30
0,2
40
p*h shaft
0,5
p*n hopper
0,1
0
0
0
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
10
20 30 40 50
w in deg
60
Figure 5.11
Fig. 5.12
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Di,1
pn
pn
Di
ASt =
Di,1 + Di,2
2
Di,2
ASt
F=0=p
Di =
H Di / cos 2 ASt H
(1)
p n Di s c j
(2)
2 F,St cos
b g Di2 s c j
ASt =
1 exp 4 F tan w
8 tan w F,St
D i
(3)
c j = 1 + c 3or 4 c1 cos
cj = c1 or c3 or c4
with c1 = 1,2 ... 1,6
c3 = 1,7 ... 2,1
c4 = 2,1 ... 4,0
hopper
(4)
shaft
discharging
core flow
mass flow
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.12
Fig. 5.13
Prof. Dr. J. Tomas, chair of Mechanical Process Engineering
Fig_SFPS_5 Storage and Flow of Particulate Solids Silo pressure calculations Prof. Dr. J. Tomas 05.05.2014
Figure 5.13