GrooveWeldSymbols

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GrooveWelds

Thegrooveweld iscommonlyusedtomakeedgetoedgejoints,althoughitisalso
oftenusedincornerjoints,Tjoints,andjointsbetweencurvedandflatpieces.As
suggestedbythevarietyofgrooveweldsymbols,therearemanywaystomakea
grooveweld,thedifferencesdependingprimarilyonthegeometryofthepartstobe
joinedandthepreparationoftheiredges.Weldmetalisdepositedwithinthegroove
andpenetratesandfuseswiththebasemetaltoformthejoint.(Note:forthesakeof
graphicalclarity,thedrawingsbelowgenerallydonotshowthepenetrationofthe
weldmetal.Recognize,however,thatthedegreeofpenetrationisimportantin
determiningthequalityoftheweld.)
Thevarioustypesofgrooveweldare:

Thesquare grooveweld,inwhichthe"groove"iscreatedbyeitheratightfitora
slightseparationoftheedges.Theamountofseparation,ifany,isgivenontheweld
symbol.

TheVgrooveweld,inwhichtheedgesofbothpiecesarechamfered,eithersinglyor
doubly,tocreatethegroove.TheangleoftheVisgivenontheweldsymbol,asis
theseparationattheroot(ifany).

IfthedepthoftheVisnotthefullthicknessorhalfthethicknessinthecaseofa

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doubleVthedepthisgiventotheleftoftheweldsymbol.

Ifthepenetrationoftheweldistobegreaterthanthedepthofthegroove,thedepth
oftheeffectivethroatisgiveninparenthesesafterthedepthoftheV.

Thebevel grooveweld,inwhichtheedgeofoneofthepiecesischamferedandthe
otherisleftsquare.Thebevelsymbol'sperpendicularlineisalwaysdrawnontheleft
side,regardlessoftheorientationofthewelditself.Thearrowpointstowardthe
piecethatistobechamfered.Thisextrasignificanceisemphasizedbyabreakinthe
arrowline.(Thebreakisnotnecessaryifthedesignerhasnopreferenceastowhich
piecegetstheedgetreatmentorifthepiecetoreceivethetreatmentshouldbe
obvioustoaqualifiedwelder.)Angleanddepthofedgetreatment,effectivethroat,
andseparationattherootaredescribedusingthemethodsdiscussedintheVgroove
section.

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TheUgrooveweld,inwhichtheedgesofbothpiecesaregivenaconcavetreatment.
Depthofedgetreatment,effectivethroat,andseparationattherootaredescribed
usingthemethodsdiscussedintheVgroovesection.

TheJgrooveweld,inwhichtheedgeofoneofthepiecesisgivenaconcave
treatmentandtheotherisleftsquare.ItistotheUgrooveweldwhatthebevel
grooveweldistotheVgrooveweld.Aswiththebevel,theperpendicularlineis
alwaysdrawnontheleftsideandthearrow(withabreak,ifnecessary)pointstothe
piecethatreceivestheedgetreatment.Depthofedgetreatment,effectivethroat,and
separationattherootaredescribedusingthemethodsdiscussedintheVgroove
section.

TheflareV grooveweld,commonlyusedtojointworoundorcurvedparts.The
intendeddepthofthewelditselfaregiventotheleftofthesymbol,withtheweld
depthshowninparentheses.

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Theflarebevel grooveweld,commonlyusedtojoinaroundorcurvedpiecetoaflat
piece.AswiththeflareV,thedepthofthegrooveformedbythetwocurvedsurfaces
andtheintendeddepthofthewelditselfaregiventotheleftofthesymbol,withthe
welddepthshowninparentheses.Thesymbol'sperpendicularlineisalwaysdrawn
ontheleftside,regardlessoftheorientationofthewelditself.

Commonsupplementarysymbolsusedwithgrooveweldsarethemeltthru and
backingbarsymbols.Bothsymbolsindicatethatcompletejointpenetrationistobe
madewithasinglesidedgrooveweld.Inthecaseofmeltthru,therootistobe
reinforcedwithweldmetalonthebacksideofthejoint.Theheightofthe
reinforcement,ifcritical,isindicatedtotheleftofthemeltthrusymbol,whichis
placedacrossthereferencelinefromthebasicweldsymbol.

Whenabackingbarisusedtoachievecompletejointpenetration,itssymbolis
placedacrossthereferencelinefromthebasicweldsymbol.Ifthebaristobe
removedaftertheweldiscomplete,an"R"isplacedwithinthebackingbarsymbol.
Thebackingbarsymbolhasthesameshapeastheplugorslotweldsymbol,but
contextshouldalwaysmakethesymbol'sintentionclear.

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Formoreinformation,seeANSI/AWSA2.4,SymbolsforWeldingandNondestructive
Testing.

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