Compressor design

known
Compressure pressure ratio
Air mass flow
Turbine inlet Temp
Cpa
Gamma
Gamma/(Gamma-1)

1.55
35 kg/s
1235 K
1.005
1.4
3.5

4.15

Steps:
1- Rotational speed, annulus dimensions
2- number of stages, assumed efficiency
3- air angles for each stage, mean radius
4- variation of air angles from root to tip
5- compressability effects
6- compresssor blading
7- check on efficiency
8- off design performance
9- rig testing
Assumption
Ut
Ca
hub-tip ratio
T01
P01
(n-1)/n
fan eff
Calculated
C1
T1
P1
density1

280 m/s
150 m/s
0.4-0.6
288 K
1.01 bar
0.3175
0.9
150
276.80597015
0.8791475117
1.1066350001

Rr/Rt
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85

m/s
K
bar
kg/m^3

Rt (m)
N (rev/s)
0.2715754822
0.2765589342
0.2826647237
0.2900987848
0.2991442254
0.3101981115
0.3238331232
0.3409064837
0.3627656584
0.3916717304
0.4317774976
0.4917900771

164.0920738188
161.1352176893
157.6545650079
153.6145147903
148.9695614518
143.6610424659
137.6121862484
130.7202596545
122.8434473735
113.7773819328
103.2091396863
90.6146466554

Chose Rr/Rt = 0.3

Ut
V1t
a
Ur
M1t
hub radius
mean radius
P02
T02
T2
P2
denstiy2
A2
Blade_height_exit
Rt_exit
Rr_exit

0.9 0.5943393089

74.979701657

0.2765589342
0.2212471474
1
281.50270717
318.97299908
333.49758441
140.75135359
0.9564477046

161.1352176893
162
2

0.1382794671
0.2074192006
1.5655
330.99604303
319.80201318
1.3878976547
1.5121481825
0.154305865
0.1184005198
0.2666194605
0.1482189408
0.1

m/s
m/s
m/s
transonic speed
m
m
bar
K
K
bar
kg/m^3
m^2
m
m
m

Number of stage design

Temperature rise through fan
mean blade speed

42.996043028 K
211.12703038 m/s

B1
V1

54.607244016 deg
258.98768881 m/s

V2
B2
work done factor
deltaT_stage
number of stages
number of stages

186.47113594
36.446296068
0.875
18.446097289
2.3309018896
2

m/s

K
stages
stages

Stage by stage design

a1=0 for first stage (No IGVs)
a3_exit_stage =a1_entry_next_stage

tan b1 + tanb2

Ca
N
Rt
Rm
Rr
Properties
P01
Ut (m/s)
Um (m/s)
Ur (m/s)
T(K)
work done factor
dT (K)
delta whirl velociy dCw (m/s)
Cw1 (m/s)
Cw2 (m/s)
tanB1+tanB2
tanB1-tanB2
B1 (deg)
B2 (deg)
a1 (deg)
a2 (deg)
a3(deg)
B1-B2 (deg)
V2/V1 (de Haller check) rot
V2/V1 (de Haller check) stat
P03/P01
P03 (bar)
T03(K)
Cw3
degree of reaction

width

150 m/s
162 RPS
0.2765589342
0.2074192006
0.1382794671
1st

0.2765589342
0.2074192006
0.1382794671

2nd stage

1.01
281.50270717
211.12703038
140.75135359
288
0.98
21.4
103.94651186
0
103.94651186
2.3083221988
1.4430498659
54.607244016
35.547202251
0
34.72105916
4.2435027188
19.060041765
0.7118386015
0.8241942063
1.2542883387
1.2668312221
309.4
11.129821878
0.753829456

281.5027071702
211.1270303777
140.7513535851
309.4
0.93
20.4
104.4165744713
11.1298218777
115.5463963489
1.9705189502
0.6961104965
53.1297184919
32.5054594564
4.2435027188
37.6073951665
0
20.6242590355
0.711462975
0.7922108853
1.2235585201
1.5500421354
329.8
0
0.7

7.1333333333
1.7833333333

6.8
1.7

COMPRESSOR !!!
0
211.127
0
329.8
0.85
25
140.0049
-6.664352
133.3406
1.970519
0.933366
55.44355
27.41019
-2.543922
41.63508
28.03336
0.638951
0.747391
1.259845
1.952812
354.8
0
0.7

Known
Thrust
13000 N
Cruise speed
219.44444444 m/s
Range
3558 km
Rate of climb
1249.68 m/min
Ceiling
13716 m
Weight(empty)
4004 kg
max takeoff
7200 kg
Wing span
15.9 m
Length
14.9 m
Wing area
31.8 m^2
Typical passenger
8 people
Number of spools
Overall pressure rat
By pass ratio
Fan pressure ratio
Turbine inlet Temp
Fan,comp,turb poly
Isen eff of nozzle
mechanical eff
Combus press loss
Total air mass flow
Po
T0
gamma,comp
gamma, exp
Cpa
Cpg

2
18
1.9
1.55
1235
0.9
0.95
0.99
1.5
35
1
288
1.40007
1.333
1.005
1.148

Separate cold and hot nozzles are us

fan driven by LP turbine and compres

11.6129032258
K

Area of intake
Rad intake

bar
kg/s
bar
K

0.190476
0.246233 m

77.16179177

559
density 1
density 2

(n-1)/n

compression expansion
0.3175
0.225

Ta
T01
T02
P03/P02
T03
P02/Pa
T03-T02
T02-T8
T8
P02/Pc
P8
C8
mc
Fc
T08

288
288
330.99604303
11.612903226
721.01036516
1.55
390.01432213
37.012597787
293.98344524
1.9645661443
1
272.73905796
22.931034483
6254.1887428
330.99604303

676

K
K
K
K
cold nozzle Cold nozzle chocked?
no

294.8
bar
m/s
kg/s
N
Total Thrust

12352.17 N

density
A

1.1852097844
0.0686341442
0.1478070588

f/a
mf
mf
SFC
SFC

0.015
0.1828631139
658.30721003
0.000042932
0.1530095097

Specific Thrust
Total thurst
Total thurst

kg/s
kg/hr
kg/sN
kg/hN

352.9192 Ns/kg
1235.217
2723.188 lb
35.29192

Nozzle
Area
Radius

0.11
0.187121

Total Thrust
Specific Thrust
f/a theory
f/a actual
mf
mf
SFC

12352.17
352.9192
0.015
0.015152
0.182863
658.3072
0.15301

N
Ns/kg

kg/s
kg/hr
kg/hN

cold and hot nozzles are used

by LP turbine and compressor by HP turbine

combustor inlet
9.2777766324
4.6551651173

T05
T06
P04/P05
P05/P06
P03
P04
P06
P06/Pa
P06/Pc
P7
T7
density7
C7
Fh
A7

888.6626069437
778.4032473158
4.3176225391
1.8017684
18
16.5
2.1209982304
2.1209982304
1.9179144478
1.1058878215
667.2981117152
0.5774432151
505.2612254043
6097.9846867714
0.0413661205

K
K

bar
bar
hot nozzle
bar

Hot nozzle chocked?

yes

radi
P07

C7
mh
Fh
density

0.114748617
1 bar

539.3952734957 m/s
12.0689655172 kg/s
6509.9429559821 N

0.0182653005
0.0762497588

Compressor design
known
Compressure pressure ratio
Air mass flow
Turbine inlet Temp
Cpa
Gamma
Gamma/(Gamma-1)

1.55
35 kg/s
1235 K
1.005
1.4
3.5

4.15

Steps:
1- Rotational speed, annulus dimensions
2- number of stages, assumed efficiency
3- air angles for each stage, mean radius
4- variation of air angles from root to tip
5- compressability effects
6- compresssor blading
7- check on efficiency
8- off design performance
9- rig testing
Assumption
Ut
Ca
hub-tip ratio
T01
P01
(n-1)/n
fan eff
Calculated
C1
T1
P1
density1

280 m/s
150 m/s
0.4-0.6
288 K
1.01 bar
0.3175
0.9
150
276.80597015
0.8791475117
1.1066350001

Rr/Rt
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85

m/s
K
bar
kg/m^3

Rt (m)
N (rev/s)
0.2715754822
0.2765589342
0.2826647237
0.2900987848
0.2991442254
0.3101981115
0.3238331232
0.3409064837
0.3627656584
0.3916717304
0.4317774976
0.4917900771

164.0920738188
161.1352176893
157.6545650079
153.6145147903
148.9695614518
143.6610424659
137.6121862484
130.7202596545
122.8434473735
113.7773819328
103.2091396863
90.6146466554

Chose Rr/Rt = 0.3

Ut
V1t
a
Ur
M1t
hub radius
mean radius
P02
T02
T2
P2
denstiy2
A2
Blade_height_exit
Rt_exit
Rr_exit

0.9 0.5943393089

74.979701657

0.2765589342
0.2212471474
1
281.50270717
318.97299908
333.49758441
140.75135359
0.9564477046

161.1352176893
162
2

0.1382794671
0.2074192006
1.5655
330.99604303
319.80201318
1.3878976547
1.5121481825
0.154305865
0.1184005198
0.2666194605
0.1482189408
0.1

m/s
m/s
m/s
transonic speed
m
m
bar
K
K
bar
kg/m^3
m^2
m
m
m

Number of stage design

Temperature rise through fan
mean blade speed

42.996043028 K
211.12703038 m/s

B1
V1

54.607244016 deg
258.98768881 m/s

V2
B2
work done factor
deltaT_stage
number of stages
number of stages

186.47113594
36.446296068
0.875
18.446097289
2.3309018896
2

m/s

K
stages
stages

Stage by stage design

a1=0 for first stage (No IGVs)
a3_exit_stage =a1_entry_next_stage

tan b1 + tanb2

Ca
N
Rt
Rm
Rr
Properties
P01
Ut (m/s)
Um (m/s)
Ur (m/s)
T(K)
work done factor
dT (K)
delta whirl velociy dCw (m/s)
Cw1 (m/s)
Cw2 (m/s)
tanB1+tanB2
tanB1-tanB2
B1 (deg)
B2 (deg)
a1 (deg)
a2 (deg)
a3(deg)
B1-B2 (deg)
V2/V1 (de Haller check) rot
V2/V1 (de Haller check) stat
P03/P01
P03 (bar)
T03(K)
Cw3
degree of reaction

B1r (deg)
B1m (deg)
B1t (deg)
B2r
B2m
B2t
a1r (deg)
a1m (deg)
a1t (deg)
a2r
a2m

150 m/s
162 RPS
0.2765589342
0.2074192006
0.1382794671
1st

0.2666194605 0.138279
0.2074192006
0.1482189408

2nd stage

1.01
281.50270717
211.12703038
140.75135359
288
0.98
21.4
103.94651186
0
103.94651186
2.3083221988
1.4430498659
54.607244016
35.547202251
0
34.72105916
4.2435027188
19.060041765
0.7118386015
0.8241942063
1.2542883387
1.2668312221
309.4
11.129821878
0.753829456

271.3855552746
211.1270303777
150.8685054807
309.4
0.93
20.4
104.4165744713
11.1298218777
115.5463963489
1.9705189502
0.6961104965
53.1297184919
32.5054594564
4.2435027188
37.6073951665
-2.5439220402
20.6242590355
0.711462975
0.7929923872
1.2235585201
1.5500421354
329.8
-6.6643521455
0.7

0
43.178065967
54.607244016
89.943710472
13.813169841
35.547202251
53.606104423
0
34.72105916
0
34.701635517
4.2435027188

0.5
45.1653930518
53.1297184919
89.9474852116
17.3351520409
32.5054594564
51.7948155257
5.9280421339
37.6073951665
3.3036576289
34.747171226
-2.5439220402

a2t
DOR ROOT
C3
T3
P3
dens3
A3
h

27.47511333
0.7540076728
150.41234303
298.14434182
1.1127322536
1.3004157122
0.1794298017
0.1376783817

28.311359485
0.7167039032
150.1479723124
318.5838738361
1.3732496124
1.5019096219
0.1553577725
0.1192076595

entry
Rt STAT
Rr STAT
Rt ROT
Rr ROT

0.2765589342
0.1382794671

0.2666194605
0.1482189408

Exit
Rt STAT
Rr STAT
Rt ROT
Rr ROT
Ut rot
Ur rot
Cw2t
Cw2r
Cw1t
Cw1r
width

0.345398125
0.2077197434
0.2764086628
0.207569472
281.34974956
211.27998799
78.00226729
103.87125906
0
0
0.0458927939
0.0114731985

0.3262232903
0.2070156308
0.2668212455
0.2072174157
271.5909473139
210.9216383384
80.8050437041
104.0477332731
8.6585531028
15.5751940021
0.0397358865 0.085629
0.0099339716 0.021407
0.107036

0.118401

COMPRESSOR !!!
120.517
211.127
0
329.8
0.85
25
140.0049
-6.664352
133.3406
1.970519
0.933366
55.44355
27.41019
-2.543922
41.63508
28.03336
0.638951
0.747391
1.259845
1.952812
354.8
0
0.7

V
mass flow
inlet radius
inlet hub
Inlet area
outlet radius hub
outlet radius Tip
Outlet area

30
12.06897
0.122939
0.109096
0.010091
0.114112
0.151146
0.030861

m/s
kg/s
m
m^2
0.037034
m^2

0.08
0.01

Primrary combustor volume

L comb
density 1
density 2
average density
Area
hub radius middle
tip radius middle
Length

9.277777
4.655165
6.966471
0.057748
0.114112
0.17721
0.906875
2.5-3*OD

kg/m^3
kg/m^4
kg/m^5
m^2
m
m
m

0.063098

0.01

Compressor design
known
Compressure pressure ratio
Air mass flow
Turbine inlet Temp
Cpa
Gamma
Gamma/(Gamma-1)

11.61
4.15
12.0689655172 kg/s
1235 K
1.005
1.4
3.5

Steps:
1- Rotational speed, annulus dimensions
2- number of stages, assumed efficiency
3- air angles for each stage, mean radius
4- variation of air angles from root to tip
5- compressability effects
6- compresssor blading
7- check on efficiency
8- off design performance
9- rig testing
Assumption
Ut
Ca
hub-tip ratio
T01
P01
(n-1)/n
isen eff
Calculated
C1
T1
P1
density1

350 m/s
150 m/s
0.4-0.6
329.8 K
1.4725400286 bar
0.3175
0.9
150
318.6059701493
1.3049038512
1.4270615558

Rr/Rt
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
Rr/Rt
Chose Rr/Rt = 0.5

Ut
V1t
a
Ur
M1t

Reason
Previously shown that this will lead to acceptable stresses
Modest, no IGV's, no whirl velocity at entrance, don't want to

Rt (m)
0.1461683892
0.1500126069
0.1546900829
0.1604061437
0.1674569269
Rt (m)
0.1546900829

349.9007242779
380.6974085152
357.7930670178
174.950362139
1.0640156102

No loss in intake

m/s
K
bar
kg/m^3

N (rev/s)
381.0963
371.3303
360.1021
347.2699
332.6481
N (rev/s)
360.1021 Low hub-tip ratio would increase mismatch b/w comp and tur
360 High hub-tip ratio would increase comp diameter and weight.
m/s
m/s
m/s

Const axial velocity across annulus, No IGVs

transonic first stage

hub radius
mean radius
P02
T02
T2
P2
denstiy2
A2
Blade_height_exit
Rt_exit
Rr_exit

0.0773450415
0.1160175622
17.0961897323
718.3479902798
707.153960429
16.1817753704
7.9731565875
0.010091332
0.0138434676
0.122939296
0.1090958284

m
m
bar
K
K
bar
kg/m^3
m^2
m
m
m

exit annulus area

Number of stage design

Temperature rise through com 388.5479902798 K
mean blade speed
262.4255432084 m/s
Ca1=Ca2=Ca
B1
V1

60.2481164921 deg
302.2700212199 m/s

V2
B2
work done factor
deltaT_stage
number of stages
number of stages

217.6344152783
46.4308734954
0.875
23.9309840973
16.2361893978
17

m/s

de Haller criterion
V2/V1/<0.72

K
stages
stages

Stage by stage design

Cw1 = Ca*tan(a1)
a1=0 for first stage (No IGVs)
a3_exit_stage =a1_entry_next_stage

tan b1 + tanb2
Ca
N
Rt
Rm
Rr
Properties
P01
Ut (m/s)
Um (m/s)
Ur (m/s)

150
360
0.1546900829
0.1160175622
0.0773450415
1st

m/s
RPS
0.152822 0.150955 0.149087 0.147219 0.145352
0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018
0.079213 0.08108 0.082948 0.084816 0.086684

2nd
3rd
4th
1.4725400286
349.9007242779 345.6761 341.4515 337.2269
262.4255432084 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255
174.950362139 179.175 183.3996 187.6242

5th

6th

333.0022 328.7776
262.4255 262.4255
191.8489 196.0735

T(K)
work done factor
dT (K)
delta whirl velociy dCw (m/s)
Cw1 (m/s)
Cw2 (m/s)
tanB1 + TanB2
tanB1 - TanB3
B1 (deg)
V1
V2
B2 (deg)
a1 (deg)
a2 (deg)
a3(deg)
B1-B2 (deg)
V2/V1 (de Haller check) rot
V2/V1 (de Haller check) stat
P03/P01
P03 (bar)
T03(K)
degree of reaction
DOF CHOSEN

B1r (deg)
B1m (deg)
B1t (deg)
B2r
B2m
B2t
a1r (deg)
a1m (deg)
a1t (deg)
a2r
a2m
a2t
DOR ROOT
C3
T3
P3
dens3
A3
h

329.8
0.98
21.76
85.0340320077
-6.6643521455
78.3696798621
2.8691859391
1.1759997455
62.7920385323
328.0685544555
0
50.8210000661
-2.5439220402
27.5854713188
10.6780371707
11.9710384662
0.7237435135
0.9019391027
1.2237233999
1.8019816903
351.56
0.8633796717

0
49.3906738114
62.7920385323
66.7955238554
22.1712266951
50.8210000661
62.6617549254
-3.8127545771
-2.5439220402
-1.9084901072
37.192281596
27.5854713188
21.7211526434
0.7032649089
152.6431854634
339.9679890207
1.6024532589
1.6423489895
0.0489906656
0.0672062612

351.56
0.93
24.5
100.8888
28.28325
129.1721
2.449305
0.672592
57.35491

376.06
0.88
24
104.4452
78.99017
183.4354
1.749504
0.696301
50.72622

400.06
0.83
23
106.123
78.15125
184.2743
1.749504
0.707487
50.85428

423.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

445.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

41.61649
10.67804
40.73329
27.77134
15.73842
0.721547
0.856401
1.237276
2.229549
376.06
0.7
DOR =0.7

27.77134
27.77134
50.72622
27.51989
22.95488
0.715435
0.713792
1.215883
2.71087
400.06
0.5
DOR =0.5

27.51989
27.51989
50.85428
28.2086
23.33439
0.711839
0.716377
1.193116
3.234382
423.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.173615
3.79592
445.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.164562
4.420584
467.06
0.5

0.5
50.06493
57.35491
66.54242
24.85826
41.61649
62.21744
-3.723113
10.67804
-1.931797
36.17429
40.73329
22.11872
0.721169
169.5271
361.7618
1.946688
1.874959
0.042913
0.058869

1
50.72074
50.72622
66.28406
27.28536
27.77134
61.76128
-3.637583
27.77134
-1.95568
35.25455
50.72622
22.50782
0.736937
169.1379
385.8274
2.388066
2.156609
0.037308
0.05118

51.3587
50.85428
66.02029
29.4002
27.51989
61.30345
-3.555891
27.51989
-1.98016
34.50279
50.85428
22.8496
0.750081
170.2161
408.6453
2.864819
2.442693
0.032939
0.045186

51.97937
50.50042
65.75094
31.29906
28.2086
60.84027
-3.477782
28.2086
-2.005261
33.86182
50.50042
23.15974
0.76144
170.2161
430.6453
3.382759
2.736966
0.029397
0.040328

52.58331
50.50042
65.47585
33.04181
28.2086
60.36843
-3.403028
28.2086
-2.031006
33.29334
50.50042
23.45065
0.771547
170.2161
452.6453
3.961215
3.049218
0.026387
0.036198

entry
Rt STAT
Rr STAT
Rt ROT
Rr ROT

0.1546900829 0.152822 0.150955 0.149087 0.147219 0.145352

0.0773450415 0.079213 0.08108 0.082948 0.084816 0.086684

Exit
Rt STAT
Rr STAT

0.1496206928 0.145452 0.141608 0.138611 0.136182 0.134117

0.0824144316 0.086583 0.090427 0.093424 0.095854 0.097918

Rt ROT
Rr ROT
Ut rot
Ur rot
Cw2t
Cw2r
Cw1t
Cw1r
width
rotor x
stator x

0.1521553879
0.0798797365
344.1673791213
180.6837072956
59.7564064944
113.8243514964
-4.9982641092
-9.9965282183
0.0224020871
0.0056005218
0.0224020871
0.0280026088

dor m
Dor r
R=

0.149137
0.082898
337.3402
187.5109
60.96577
109.6801
-5.05935
-9.760828
0.019623
0.004906

0.146281
0.085754
330.8804
193.9707
62.15602
106.0274
-5.121947
-9.535987
0.01706
0.004265

0.143849
0.088186
325.3784
199.4727
63.20704
103.1029
-5.186112
-9.321271
0.015062
0.003766

0.1417
0.090335
320.5188
204.3323
64.16537
100.6508
-5.251905
-9.116011
0.013443
0.003361

0.139734
0.092301
316.0712
208.7799
65.06828
98.50663
-5.31939
-8.919596
0.012066
0.003017

0.024529 0.021325 0.018828 0.016803 0.015083

0.5
0.161
0.771976

ad to acceptable stresses
ty at entrance, don't want to increase Ma rel to blade

mismatch b/w comp and turb and would complicate mech and aero design.
e comp diameter and weight.

us, No IGVs

Cw2=Cw1+deltaCw
First stage has higher work done factor
Lower values for first and last stage
Cw1=0
high degree of reaction is alright because we want to avoid negative reaction at hub.
hope to use 50 percent degree of reac after 3-4 stage

de Haller check

0.143484 0.141616 0.139749 0.137881 0.136013 0.134145 0.132278 0.13041 0.128542

0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018 0.116018
0.088551 0.090419 0.092287 0.094154 0.096022 0.09789 0.099757 0.101625 0.103493
7th

8th

9th

10th

11th

12th

13th

14th

15th

324.553 320.3284 316.1037 311.8791 307.6545 303.4299 299.2053 294.9806 290.756

262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255 262.4255
200.2981 204.5227 208.7473 212.972 217.1966 221.4212 225.6458 229.8705 234.0951

467.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

489.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

511.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

533.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

555.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

577.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

599.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

621.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

643.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.156405
5.111986
489.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.149017
5.87376
511.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.142295
6.709569
533.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.136153
7.623096
555.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.130518
8.618048
577.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.125331
9.698157
599.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.12054
10.86717
621.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.116101
12.12886
643.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.111978
13.48703
665.06
0.5

53.17105
50.50042
65.19484
34.65603
28.2086
59.88685
-3.331415
28.2086
-2.057421
32.78245
50.50042
23.72588
0.780647
170.2161
474.6453
4.603777
3.379584
0.023808
0.03266

53.74313
50.50042
64.90774
36.16197
28.2086
59.39451
-3.262752
28.2086
-2.084531
32.31803
50.50042
23.98833
0.788921
170.2161
496.6453
5.314064
3.728194
0.021581
0.029606

54.30003
50.50042
64.61436
37.57492
28.2086
58.89045
-3.196859
28.2086
-2.112365
31.89163
50.50042
24.24031
0.796504
170.2161
518.6453
6.095718
4.095175
0.019647
0.026953

54.84227
50.50042
64.31451
38.90667
28.2086
58.37377
-3.133572
28.2086
-2.140952
31.49674
50.50042
24.48374
0.803503
170.2161
540.6453
6.952406
4.480648
0.017957
0.024634

55.37032
50.50042
64.00799
40.16656
28.2086
57.84357
-3.07274
28.2086
-2.170323
31.12827
50.50042
24.72018
0.81
170.2161
562.6453
7.88782
4.884728
0.016472
0.022596

55.88464
50.50042
63.6946
41.36207
28.2086
57.299
-3.014222
28.2086
-2.200511
30.7822
50.50042
24.95094
0.81606
170.2161
584.6453
8.905672
5.307529
0.01516
0.020796

56.38569
50.50042
63.37411
42.49937
28.2086
56.73918
-2.95789
28.2086
-2.23155
30.4553
50.50042
25.1771
0.821737
170.2161
606.6453
10.0097
5.749158
0.013995
0.019199

56.87389
50.50042
63.0463
43.58359
28.2086
56.16326
-2.903623
28.2086
-2.263476
30.14496
50.50042
25.39957
0.827074
170.2161
628.6453
11.20366
6.209722
0.012957
0.017775

57.34966
50.50042
62.71095
44.61908
28.2086
55.57035
-2.85131
28.2086
-2.296329
29.84905
50.50042
25.61913
0.832108
170.2161
650.6453
12.49132
6.689323
0.012028
0.0165

0.143484 0.141616 0.139749 0.137881 0.136013 0.134145 0.132278 0.13041 0.128542

0.088551 0.090419 0.092287 0.094154 0.096022 0.09789 0.099757 0.101625 0.103493

0.132347 0.13082 0.129494 0.128335 0.127316 0.126416 0.125617 0.124905 0.124268

0.099688 0.101215 0.102541 0.103701 0.104719 0.105619 0.106418 0.10713 0.107767

0.137916
0.094119
311.9579
212.8932
65.92623
96.60339
-5.388631
-8.731467
0.010887
0.002722

0.136218
0.095817
308.1186
216.7325
66.74769
94.89214
-5.459698
-8.55111
0.009869
0.002467

0.013608 0.012336

0.134621
0.097414
304.506
220.345
67.53956
93.33637
-5.532665
-8.378053
0.008984
0.002246

0.133108
0.098927
301.0825
223.7686
68.30754
91.90837
-5.607609
-8.211861
0.008211
0.002053

0.131664
0.100371
297.8179
227.0332
69.05632
90.58676
-5.684611
-8.052135
0.007532
0.001883

0.130281
0.101755
294.6877
230.1634
69.78985
89.35479
-5.763758
-7.898504
0.006932
0.001733

0.128947
0.103088
291.672
233.1791
70.51142
88.19918
-5.845139
-7.750625
0.0064
0.0016

0.127657
0.104378
288.7545
236.0966
71.22386
87.10927
-5.928851
-7.608182
0.005925
0.001481

0.126405
0.10563
285.9215
238.9296
71.92955
86.07643
-6.014996
-7.47088
0.0055
0.001375

0.01123 0.010264 0.009415 0.008665 0.007999 0.007406 0.006875

159.26 341.6824

change
0.126675 0.124807 0.122939 -0.001868 0.077345 0.013843
0.116018 0.116018 0.116018
0
0.10536 0.107228 0.109096 0.001868
16th

17th

18th

286.5314 282.3068 278.0821

262.4255 262.4255 262.4255
238.3197 242.5443 246.769

665.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

687.06
0.83
22
101.509
80.45827
181.9673
1.749504
0.676727
50.50042

709.06
0.83
22.019
101.5967
80.41444
182.0111
1.749504
0.677311
50.50719

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.108137
14.94547
687.06
0.5

28.2086
28.2086
50.50042
28.2086
22.29182
0.721799
0.721799
1.104551
16.50803
709.06
0.5

28.19559
28.19559
50.50719
28.19559
22.3116
0.721607
0.721607
1.101285
18.18004
731.079
0.5

57.81342
50.50042
62.36781
45.60957
28.2086
54.95957
-2.800847
28.2086
-2.330149
29.56583
50.50042
25.83645
0.836868
170.2161
672.6453
13.87649
7.18806
0.011194
0.015355

58.26554
50.50042
62.01664
46.5583
28.2086
54.33001
-2.752137
28.2086
-2.36498
29.29383
50.50042
26.05208
0.841381
170.2161
694.6453
15.36299
7.706029
0.010441
0.014323

58.70642
50.50719
61.65718
47.46816
28.19559
53.68073
-2.705092
28.19559
-2.400867
29.0318
50.50719
26.26657
0.845669
170.1954
716.6678
16.95635
8.243898
0.00976
0.013389

0.126675 0.124807 0.122939

0.10536 0.107228 0.109096

0.123695 0.123179 0.122712

0.10834 0.108856 0.109323

401.279

1.101282
check
3.344334
18.18

13.59648
0

388.548

0.125185
0.10685
283.1618
241.6893
72.63058
85.09357
-6.103681
-7.338446
0.005118
0.00128

0.123993
0.108042
280.4658
244.3853
73.32874
84.15485
-6.195021
-7.210625
0.004774
0.001194

0.122826
0.109209
277.825
247.026
74.02574
83.25521
-6.289135
-7.087181
0.004463
0.001116
Length
0.006398 0.005968 0.005579

0.184251
0.046063
0.230314
0.230314

rr
0.16

0.14

0.12

0.1
Rotor_t
Rotor_r
Stator_t
Stator_r

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0
0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

0.045

0.05

angles_stage1
80
70
60

degrees

50
a1
a2
b1
b2

40
30
20
10
0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

-10
r/rm

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

angles_stage17
70

60

50

degrees

40
a1
a2
b1
b2

30

20

10

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

-10
r/rm

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

fan size
0.5
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
Rt
Rr

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0.8

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.2

Cpg
gamma
g/(g-1)
isen efficiency

n
s
critical pressure ratio

1.148 kj/kgK
1.333
4
0.9

Assumption
0.05 Convergant nozzles are employed, they are operating with a pressure
0.9
1.851565

OverallTemp drop
mass flow
Inlet temp

346.33739
11.16 kg/s
1235 K

Pressure ratio P01/P03

Inlet pressure
Pressure required
Pressure I got
N
U

4.3176225
16.5
3.8215476
3.8215476
360 Rev/s
300 m/s
2.9451506
0.5

a3
tan a3
tanb3
DOR
B3
tan b2
tan a2
b2
a2

20 deg
0.3639702
2.3639702
0.4456975
67.070803 deg
0.5811803
2.5811803
30.164312
68.822653

3 stages

Stage 1
Rm
Stage 1
Ca1 = C1 = C3
C1^2/2cp

fixed by the compressor, the design of the compressor is m

experience which stressing difficulties will be severe.

try to avoid negative values at the root, therefore aim for a

stage pressure ratio

Ca3=

Ca2

0.1326291
159.62667
11.097854

stage 2
Ca2
C2

150
415.2180975888

T1
P1
density1
A1
h1
Rr/Rt1
satisfact?1
satisfact?2

1223.9021
15.914863
4.5307939
0.0154307
0.0185168
1.1500906
yes
no

T02-T2
75.0897511173
T02=T01
1235
T2
1159.9102488827
T2-T2'
3.7544875559
T2'
1156.1557613269
P01/P2
1.3019743838
P2
12.673060396
P01/Pc
1.8515650416
chocked? no
density2
3.806932899
A2
0.0195432917
A2n (throat
0.0104383643
h2
0.0125260371
Rr/Rt2
1.0991249792
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 no

h
Blade height/width
width
Space b/w stator and rotor blades

0.0208476
3 needs to be changed when the blade stresses are being evaluated
0.0069492 0.25 is rather low, because we want to reduce the axial length and we
0.0017373 Usually b/w 0.2 and 0.5

P2chocked
Tc

666.14415
8.9113802

N
U

360 Rev/s
300 m/s
2.9451506
0.8

fixed by the compressor, the design of the compressor is m

experience which stressing difficulties will be severe.

a3
tan a3
tanb3
DOR
B3
tan b2
tan a2
b2
a2
a1
Stage 2
Rm
Stage 1

12 deg
0.2125566
1.4625566
0.4337576
55.638247 deg
0.3781625
1.6281625
20.714741
58.442199
20

try to avoid negative values at the root, therefore aim for a

Ca1=Ca2=Ca3
C1
C1^2/2cp
T1
P1
density1

240
255.40267
28.410506
1091.1437
9.1428799
2.9195719

stage pressure ratio

0.1326291
stage 2
Ca2
C2
T02-T2
T02=T01
T2
T2-T2'
T2'

240
458.5767162477
91.5908556988
1119.5542023146
1027.9633466157
4.5795427849
1023.3838038308

A1
h1
Rr/Rt1
satisfact?1
satisfact?2

0.0149665
0.0179598
1.1452478
yes
no

P01/P2
P2
P01/Pc
chocked? no
density2
A2
A2n (throat
h2
Rr/Rt2
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 no

1.4322747634
7.0747220228
1.8515650416
2.3980037288
0.0193911291
0.0101485113
0.023269355
1.1923175531

h
Blade height/width
width
Space b/w stator and rotor blades

0.025717
3 needs to be changed when the blade stresses are being evaluated
0.0085723 0.25 is rather low, because we want to reduce the axial length and we
0.0021431 Usually b/w 0.2 and 0.5

N
U

360 Rev/s
300 m/s
2.9451506
0.8

fixed by the compressor, the design of the compressor is m

experience which stressing difficulties will be severe.

a3
tan a3
tanb3
DOR
B3
tan b2
tan a2
b2
a2
a1
Stage 3
Rm
Stage 1

28 deg
0.5317094
1.7817094
0.6890799
60.6963 deg
0.0590097
1.3090097
3.3770892
52.622477
12

try to avoid negative values at the root, therefore aim for a

Ca1=Ca2=Ca3
C1
C1^2/2cp
T1
P1
density1
A1
h1
Rr/Rt1
satisfact?1
satisfact?2

stage pressure ratio

0.1326291

240
245.36174
26.220551
977.88785
5.5978505
1.9945749
0.0228038
0.0273645
1.2300569
yes
yes

stage 2
Ca2
C2
T02-T2
T02=T01
T2
T2-T2'
T2'
P01/P2
P2
P01/Pc
chocked? no
density2
A2

240
395.3453739414
68.0740264359
1004.1084046291
936.0343781932
3.4037013218
932.6306768714
1.3436421613
4.631310229
1.8515650416
1.723971877
0.0269725978

A2n (throat
h2
Rr/Rt2
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 yes
h
Blade height/width
width
Space b/w stator and rotor blades

0.0163740969
0.0323671173
1.2779592211

0.0365542
3 needs to be changed when the blade stresses are being evaluated
0.0121847 0.25 is rather low, because we want to reduce the axial length and we
0.0030462 Usually b/w 0.2 and 0.5

, they are operating with a pressure ratio (p01/p2) less than crit pressure ratio

no of stages
Stage Temp drop
1
2
3

3
115.4458 K
115.4458
115.4458
115.4458

r, the design of the compressor is more critical than turbine because of decelerating flow
sing difficulties will be severe.

lues at the root, therefore aim for a DOR of above 0.4

1.6283517456

stage 3
T03
T3

1119.554
1108.456

115.4458

stage1

a3

2.945151
0.5
28 deg

P3
density3
A3
h3
P03

9.737099
3.060759
0.024308
0.029169
10.13295

DOR
B3
b2
a2
a1

0.529567
68.44647
22.46221
67.49352
0

deg
deg
deg
deg

M3
0.230343
T3"
1085.954
V3
385.0169
V3^2/2*cp 64.56359
Rr/Rt2
1.247104
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 yes
r
r>n

0.348531
yes

de stresses are being evaluated

nt to reduce the axial length and weight of the turbine. Vibrational stresses induced in rotor blades as they pass through wakes of the nozzle

r, the design of the compressor is more critical than turbine because of decelerating flow
sing difficulties will be severe.

lues at the root, therefore aim for a DOR of above 0.4

Stage Temp drop

K
2 115.4458
1.6283517456

stage 3
T03
T3
P3
density3
A3
h3
P03

1004.108
975.6979
5.547874
1.981204
0.023471
0.028165
6.222824

M3
0.392824
T3"
967.3462
V3
425.2182
V3^2/2*cp 78.75023
Rr/Rt2
1.237583
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 yes
r
r>n

0.106053
yes

de stresses are being evaluated

nt to reduce the axial length and weight of the turbine. Vibrational stresses induced in rotor blades as they pass through wakes of the nozzle

r, the design of the compressor is more critical than turbine because of decelerating flow
sing difficulties will be severe.

lues at the root, therefore aim for a DOR of above 0.4

Stage Temp drop

K
2 115.4458
1.6283517456

stage 3
T03
T3
P3
density3
A3
h3
P03

888.6626
862.4421
3.390091
1.369618
0.033951
0.040741
3.821548

M3
T3"
V3
V3^2/2*cp
Rr/Rt2

0.417821
865.8022
490.3576
104.7258
1.362924

satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 yes
r
r>n

-0.032085
no

de stresses are being evaluated

nt to reduce the axial length and weight of the turbine. Vibrational stresses induced in rotor blades as they pass through wakes of the nozzle

stage2 &3

2.945151

0.8
a3
28 deg

stage3

DOR
B3
b2
a2
a1

0.68908
60.6963
3.377089
52.62248
28

deg
deg
deg
deg

s through wakes of the nozzle blades, and they increase sharply with decrease in axial space b/w the blade rows)

s through wakes of the nozzle blades, and they increase sharply with decrease in axial space b/w the blade rows)

s through wakes of the nozzle blades, and they increase sharply with decrease in axial space b/w the blade rows)

Repeating stage design

multistage design

work done factor is unnecessary because of the accelerating flow the effect of the growth of the boundary layer along the annu
decelerating flow with an adverse pressure gradient.

low psi (temp drop coeff) and low phi (flow coeff) yield best stage efficiencies.
low psi (temp drop coeff) and low phi (flow coeff) imply low gas velocities and hence reduced friction losses
low pis means more stages for a given overall turbine output and a low phi means a larger turbine annulus area for a given ma
Since weight and frontal area are desirable to be low, higher values of psi and phi must be used.
Opt values for psi range from 3 to 5, and phi range from 0.8 to 1. A low swirl angle (a3 < 20 deg) is desirable because swirl inc
pipe and propelling nozzle.
mean diameter design is chosen
Convergant-divergant nozzles are not used since they tend to be inefficient at pressure ratios other than the design value (i.e.
high C2 usually imply high values of V2. If Ma relative to the moving blades at inlet, Mv2, exceeds 0.75, additional loss may be
waves in rotor blade passages

gamma
g/(g-1)

1.333
4

Assumption
Convergant nozzles are employed, they are operating with a pressure ratio (p0

n
s
critical pressure ratio
isen efficiency
Cpg
mass flow
Inlet temp
Temp drop
Pressure ratio P01/P03
Inlet pressure

0.05
0.9
1.851565
0.9
1.148
11.16
888.6626
110.2594
1.801768
3.821548

N
U

162 Rev/s
300 m/s
2.812839
0.5

a3

kj/kgK
kg/s
K
K

12 deg

fixed by the compressor, the design of the compressor is more critic

experience which stressing difficulties will be severe.

try to avoid negative values at the root, therefore aim for a DOR of

tan a3
tanb3
DOR
B3
tan b2
tan a2
b2
a2
a1

0.212557
2.212557
0.403069
65.67866 deg
0.600282
2.600282
30.97564
68.96457
28

Rm
Stage 1
Ca1 = C1 = C3
C1^2/2cp
T1
P1
density1
A1
h1
Rr/Rt1
satisfact?1
satisfact?2

0.294731
169.8855
12.57016
876.0924
3.609869
1.435686
0.045756
0.024708
1.087501
yes
no

stage 2
Ca2
150
C2
417.8912
T02-T2
76.05968
T02=T01 888.6626
T2
812.6029
T2-T2'
3.802984
T2'
808.7999
P01/P2
1.457415
P2
2.622141
P01/Pc
1.851565
chocked? no
density2
1.124335
A2
0.066172
A2n (throat 0.023752
h2
0.012826
Rr/Rt2
1.044486
satisfact?1 yes
satisfact?2 no

stage 3
T03
T3
P3
density3
A3
h3
M3
T3"
V3
V3^2/2*cp
Rr/Rt2
satisfact?1
satisfact?2

r
r>n

h
Blade height/width
width
Space b/w stator and rotor blades

0.02723
3 needs to be changed when the blade stresses are being evaluated
0.009077 0.25 is rather low, because we want to reduce the axial length and weight of th
0.002269 Usually b/w 0.2 and 0.5

P2chocked
Tc

557.5646
2.063955

Next step
3Dimensional nature
consider blade shapes to achieve required gas angles, and gas bending stress on the design
check design by estimating r and n from results of cascade testss suitably modified to account threeD flows.

e boundary layer along the annulus walls is much less than when there is a

riction losses
bine annulus area for a given mass fllow

g) is desirable because swirl increases losses in jet

other than the design value (i.e. at part load). And partly because
eds 0.75, additional loss may be incurred by formation of shock

erating with a pressure ratio (p01/p2) less than crit pressure ratio

of the compressor is more critical than turbine because of decelerating flow

es will be severe.

oot, therefore aim for a DOR of above 0.4

778.4032
765.8331
2.120998
0.964993
0.077099
0.041633
0.27712
770.6363
364.2069
57.77293
1.151994
yes
no

-0.083139 tip leakage loss in rotor blades makes this yes

no

are being evaluated

the axial length and weight of the turbine. Vibrational stresses induced in rotor blades as they pass through wakes of the nozzle blades, and

nt threeD flows.

of the nozzle blades, and they increase sharply with decrease in axial space b/w the blade rows)

2nd stage
12

10

8
a1
a2
b1
b2

0
0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1