BABY INCUBATOR FOR TEMPERATURE

MONITORING AND CONTROL

PRN 54 14 040
By

DOTTO SAFARI

REG.NO 097104029

A MAIN PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to the
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the award of the degree
Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of
JAISON JACOB M.TECH.,
ASST.LECTURER

ST.JOSEPH UNIVERSITY IN TANZANIA

DMI-ST.JOSEPH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA
JANUARY 2015

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I express my heart felt and deep sense of gratitude to our Chancellor
Rev.Dr.J.E.Arulraj DMI, for providing me the necessary facilities for the completion of my
project.
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. T. X. A. Ananth, Director for International
Operations, Dr.Ignatius A Herman, Director for Education, Vice Principal Mr. Iruthaya Loyola
Pratheep, for their constant support and encouragement.
I am extremely grateful to the Head of the Department Mr.Ngangbam Phalguni Singh,
for his invaluable guidance, motivation, timely and insightful technical discussions. I am
immensely grateful for his constant encouragement, smooth approach throughout my project
period and make this work possible.
I am indebted to my Project Coordinator Mrs. Lekshmi Sudha for her valuable
suggestions and motivation. I am deeply indebted to my Internal Guide Mr. Jaison Jacob,
faculties of Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering for extending their warm
support, constant encouragement and ideas they shared with me.
I would be failing in my part if I do not acknowledge my family members and my friends
for their constant encouragement and support.

LIST OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER

TITLE

PAGE NO

NO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ii

LIST OF TABLES

iii

LIST OF FIGURES

iv

ABSTRACT

PROFORMA FOR APPROVAL OF PROJECT PROPOSAL

vi

BIO DATA OF THE PROPOSED GUIDE FOR PROJECT WORK

vii

CERTIFICATE OF THE GUIDE

viii

DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATES

ix

1.

2.

INTRODUCTION

1.1

Brief explanation of temperature baby incubator

1.2

Design development and performance

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Authors

2.2 Who need an incubator

2.2.1 Why incubator

2.3 Types of incubator

2.4 Comparisons of incubator

3.

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION AND LIST OF COMPONENTS

9
10

3.1 list of components

10

3.2 Components descriptions

11

3.2.1 Microcontroller

11

3.2.2 Processor

12

3.2.3 Pin description

13

3.2.4 Processor architecture

16

3.2.5 Voltage regulator

19

3.2.6 LCD display

20

3.2.7 Circuit description

21

3.2.8 Power Supply

23

3.2.9 Transformer

24

3.2.10 Alarm control system

25

3.2.11 Humidity sensor

25

3.2.12 Classification of humidity sensors

26

3.2.13 Temperature sensors

28

4.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

31

4.1 PCB design and layout

31

4.1.1 Preparing circuit layout

31

4.1.2 Drilling

32

4.1.3 Etching

32

4.1.4 Soldering

32

. 4.1.5 Soldering and di soldering

5.

32

4.1.6 Soldering with Iron

32

4.1.7 Working of the Project

34

4.1.8 Block Diagram

35

4.1.9 Circuit Diagram

36

COST ESTIMATION

38

5.1 Table of cost estimation

38

6.

RESULT AND CONCLUSION

39

6.1 results

39
6.1.1 Sensors

39

6.1.2 Problem faced

39

6.2 Conclusions

40

6.3 Output circuit of baby incubator

42

6.4 Simulation of baby incubator

43

REFERENCES

44

LIST OF TABLES

TAB.NO

TABLE NAME

PAGE NO

2.1

Comparison of Incubator

3.1

List of Components

10

5.1

Cost of Estimation

38

LIST OF FIGURES

FIG.NO

FIG.NAME

PAGE NO

2.1

Giraffe Incubator

05

2.2

Car Part Incubator

06

2.3

Hemmel Baby Incubator

07

2.4

Kangaroo mother Care

10

3.1

Pin Diagram of 8051

12

3.2

Reset

14

3.3

Block Diagram of microcontroller

17

3.4

7805 Voltage Regulator

20

3.5

Unipolar Stepper Motor

20

3.6

Basic Stepper Motor

21

3.7

Diagram of LCD Display

22

3.8

LCD Display

23

3.9

Power Supply

24

3.1.0

Basic transformer

26

3.1.7

Humidity Sensor

26

3.1.8

Types of Humidity Sensor

27

3.1.9

Capacitive type Humidity Sensor

28

3.2.0

Resistive type Humidity Sensor

29

3.2.1

Thermistor

30

4.1

block diagram

36

4.2

Circuit diagram

37

6.1

Output circuit diagram

43

6.2

simulation diagram

44

ABSTRACT
Worldwide every year over 4millions die within a month of birth. Of this number, 3.9
millions belong to the developing world. Some (25%) of this deaths are caused due to
complication of prematurity, most often due to improper heat regulation, water and neonatal
jaundice. An infant incubator temperature control system is the most important part of a baby
incubator which has to be maintained around 37 degree Celsius.
The system continuously displays the humidity, body temperature, incubator temperature on the
LCD display. The device shall include an ac powered heater, a fan to circulate the warmed Air, a
container for water to add humidity, a control valve for oxygen supply and access ports for
Nursing. All the values can be changed at any time and they are stored in the EEPROM chip.
Also there is an Alarm system which is the safety to ensure the safety of the baby by calling the
Attention of the medical personnel, whenever the system fails, or crossed the set limits. Here we
propose an alarm system which will provide high temperature indication when the temperature
of the indicator exceeds 38 degree Celsius and also provides low temperature indication when
temperature of incubator is below 25 degree Celsius and in both case it will produce loud sound
from the speaker for medical attention.

10

PROFORMA FOR APPROVAL OF PROJECT PROPOSAL

Proposed project by:

Reg. No.
097104029

Name of the student

Semester

Dotto Safari

VIII

Branch
ECE

Title of the project:

Baby Incubator for temperature monitoring and control

Subject Area:

Medical Electronics.

Name of the guide:

Mr. Jaison Jacob

Designation :

Assistance Lecturer

Signature of the Student

Signature of the Guide with date

..

(Mr. Dotto Safari)

(Mr. Jaison Jacob)

Date.........................
For Office Use only:
SYNOPSIS
GUIDE

APPROVED
APPROVED

NOT APPROVED
NOT APPROVED
Signature of the HOD

Date: ..

(Mr. Ngangbam Phalguni Singh)

11

BIO-DATA OF THE PROPOSED GUIDE FOR PROJECT WORK

1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name (in block letters)

: Mr. JAISON JACOB

Date of Birth & Age

: 06.02.1985

Sex

: MALE

Academic Qualification

: M.E

Official Address

: Pengo Block, 1st Floor, Room Number R-61,

ECE department staff room,
St. Joseph college of Engineering and Technology,
Po.Box:11007, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.

Phone No / Fax

: +255(0)685 281 229

Residential Address

: Staff Quarters, 1st Floor, Room Number 2,

St. Joseph college of Engineering and Technology,

Po.Box

:11007, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.

Phone/Mobile No

: +255 714 949 729

E-mail ID

: jaisjac@gmail.com

2. DETAILS OF EMPLOYMENT
Designation

: Asst. Lecturer

Field of Specialization

: Biomedical Engineer

Teaching Experience (in years)

: 4.5years

Industrial Experience (in years)

:NIL

Particulars of contribution /
Experience in the field of specialization: 3
No. of Projects guided

: 50

I Jaison Jacob do hereby accept to guide Mr.Dotto Safari, he is a students of the degree in
Electronics and Communication Engineering program of St. Joseph College of Engineering and
Technology, Tanzania.

Signature of the Guide

12

(Mr JAISON JACOB)

ST.JOSEPH UNIVERSITY IN TANZANIA

CERTIFICATE OF THE GUIDE
Certified that this project report BABY INCUBATOR FOR TEMPERATURE
MONITORING AND CONTROL is the confide work of DOTTO SAFARI
(097104029), who carried out the project work under my supervision. This Thesis
work is original one and not submitted earlier for the award of any degree /
diploma elsewhere.
SIGNATURE

SIGNATURE

..

(MR.NGANGBAM PHALGUNI SINGH)

(MR. JAISON JACOB)

HEAD OFTHE DEPARTMENT

PROJECT GUIDE

DEPARTMENT OF ECE

ASSISTANT LECTURER

INTERNAL EXAMINER

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

NAME:

NAME: ..

SIGNATURE :

SIGNATURE: .

DATE: ....

DATE:
13

..

DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE

Certified that this project report BABY INCUBATOR FOR TEMPERATURE
MONITORING AND CONTROL is the confide work of DOTTO SAFARI
(097104029), in partial fulfillment of eight semester degree of Electronics and
Communication Engineering of St.Joseph college of Engineering and
Technology, Tanzania under the guidance of Mr. JAISON JACOB. This Thesis
work is original one and not submitted earlier for the award of any degree /
diploma elsewhere.

SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENTS WITH DATE

..
(DOTTO SAFARI)
Date:

14