IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC)

e-ISSN: 2278-5736.Volume 8, Issue 1 Ver. I. (Jan. 2015), PP 59-69

www.iosrjournals.org

A Complete Ultrasonic Velocity Study of Decane-1-Ol with

Various Acrylates at 303.15 And 313.15 K Temperatures
*Sujata S. Patil1, Sunil R. Mirgane2
1

(Dept. of Applied Science, MSSs College of Engineering and Technology,Jalna 431 203 (M. S.), India)
2(
P. G. Dept. of Chemistry, J. E. S. College, Jalna - 431 203 (M. S.), India.)

Abstract: Ultrasonic velocities of binary liquid mixtures of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and
methyl methacrylate with decane-1-ol have been measured at 303.15 and 313.15 K and at atmospheric
pressure. Experimentally measured ultrasonic velocities were correlated using Jouyban-Acree model.
Deviations in isentropic compressibility were calculated using ultrasonic velocity and have been fitted to
Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. Ultrasonic velocities were also calculated theoretically using Nomoto, Van
Dael (VAN), free length theory (FLT) and collision factor theory (CFT).Different derived thermodynamic
parameters like excess specific acoustic impendence, excess available volume, excess intrinsic pressure
andmolar sound velocity were also calculated. Graphical representations of these excess derived
thermodynamic parameters used to explain typeand extent of intermolecular interactions in these binary
systems. Ultrasonic velocity measurement of liquid mixtures of non electrolytes provides an excellent tool to
investigate inter and intramolecular interactions between like and unlike molecules. This study is a powerful
means of characterizing various aspects of physicochemical behaviors of liquid mixtures and molecular
interactions.
Keywords: Decane-1-ol, Free Length Theory, JouybanAcree Model, Ultrasonic Velocity, Van Dael.

I.

Introduction

Measurements of some of bulk properties like ultrasonic velocity of liquids provide an insight into
investigation of intermolecular arrangement of liquids and help to understand thermodynamic and acoustic
properties of liquid mixtures. The study of thermodynamic properties involves challenges of interpreting excess
quantities as a means of understanding nature of intermolecular interactions among the mixed components.
Most of techniques to know molecular interactions are based on spectroscopic investigation. But
majority difficulties found in such techniques due to, intrinsic insensitivity of spectroscopic investigation and
weak molecular interactions. Hence, instead of such techniques one can have a better idea about molecular
interactions by investigating and monitoring thermodynamic properties which includesdifferent volumetric,
transport and ultrasonic properties. Properties of liquid-liquid binary mixtures are very important qualitatively
and quantitatively as a part of studies of thermodynamic, acoustic and transport aspects. Compositional
dependence of thermodynamic properties has proved to be a very useful tool in understanding nature and extent
of pattern of molecular aggregation resulting from interactions.
Ultrasonic properties have practical importance in understanding interactions and physicochemical
behavior. The mixing of different compounds gives rise to solutions that generally dont behave ideally.
Deviation from ideality may be expressed by many thermodynamic variables, particularly by excess properties.
Excess properties of mixtures correspond to difference between actual and properties if system behaves ideally
and thus are useful in study of molecular interactions and arrangements. In particular, they reflect interactions
that take place between solute-solute, solute-solvent and solvent-solvent species.
To best of our knowledge, no literature data is available for ultrasonic velocity study of binary liquid
mixtures of decane-1-ol with methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate at 303.15
and 313.15 K. In view of these considerations, it is planned to study liquid-liquid binary systems containing
polar and hydrogen bonded or nonpolar liquids in association with industrially as well as biologically important
solvent at 303.15 and 313.15 K.

II.

Materials And Methods

Chemicals used in present study were of analytical grade and supplied by S. D. Fine Chemicals Pvt.,
Mumbai (India) with quoted mass fraction purities: methyl acrylate, MA, (> 0.997), ethyl acrylate, EA, (>
0.998), butyl acrylate, BA, (> 0.995), methyl methacrylate, MMA, (>0.997) and decane-1-ol (> 0.998). Prior to
use, all liquids were stored over 0.4 nm molecular sieves to reduce water content and were degassed. All four
acrylic esters were distilled before use. The binary mixtures of varying composition were prepared by mass in
special air-tight bottles. The solutions of each composition were prepared fresh and all properties were measured
same day. The masses were recorded on a Mettlar one pan balance, which can read up to fifth place of decimal,
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A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

with an accuracy of 0.01 mg. Care was taken to avoid evaporation and contamination during mixing. The
estimated uncertainty in mole fraction was < 110-4.
2.1 Experimental
Ultrasonic velocities were measured [1] at frequency of 2 MHz by single crystal ultrasonic
interferometer (Model F-81, Mittal Enterprises, New Delhi, India). Accuracy in velocity measurements is 0.1
%. The ultrasonic velocities of pure components at 303.15 and 313.15 K are listed in Table 1.

III.

Theory And Calculations

Ultrasonic velocity measurements were performed with repetitions for each binary liquid system
namely methyl acrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2), ethyl acrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2), butyl acrylate (1) + decane1-ol (2) and methyl methacrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2) over entire mole fraction range (0 < x < 1), at
temperature 303.15 and 313.15 K and at atmospheric pressure.
It has been found that a number of derived parameters from ultrasonic sound velocity such as isentropic
compressibility (s), specific acoustic impendence (Z), available volume (Va), intrinsic pressure (int) and molar
sound velocity (R) have also been calculated along with their excess parameters which provide better insight in
understanding of molecular interactions in pure liquids and binary liquids which are given by following
relations,
s = (1/ u2)
(1)
Z=u
(2)
Va = Vm [1-(uexpt /u)]
(3)
Where u= 1600 m/s.
For binary liquid mixtures above equation can be written as,
i = bRT (K12/u12) 1/2(122/3/M127/6)
(4)
Where M12 is given by following equation,
M12 = x1M1 + x2M2
(5)
Where b is packing factor, K is a constant temperature independent having value of 4.28 109, R is agas
constantand 12, u12, 12 are mixtures viscosity, ultrasonic velocity and density, respectively.
R = (M/ ) u1/3
(6)
The excess functions are important to understand molecular interactions between components of liquid
mixtures. Excess function YE represents excess of a given quantity Y of a real mixture over its value for an ideal
mixture Yid at same conditions of temperature, pressure and composition.
It is expressed by following relation,
YE = Y- Yid(7)
Where Y denotes Z, Va, int and YE represents corresponding excess thermodynamic properties such
as excessspecific acoustic impedance (ZE), excess available volume (VaE) and excessintrinsic pressure (intE).
Experimental ultrasonic velocities (u), deviation in isentropic compressibility (s) and excess specific acoustic
impendence (ZE) for binary liquid mixtures of decane-1-ol with methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl
acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) at both temperatures listed in Table 2.
Excess available volume (VaE), excess intrinsic pressure (intE) and molar sound velocity (R) for the present
binary liquid mixtures at both temperatures listed in Table 3.
Nomoto [2] investigated additivity of molar volumes in those mixtures for which deviation from
linearity ofmolecular sound velocity is small and it was revealed that a great part of these mixtures had also a
good additivityrelationship of molar volumes. The sound velocity based on assumption of linearity of molecular
sound velocity,
R = x1R1+ x2R2(8)
Where R1 and R2 are molar sound velocities, x1 and x2 are mole fractions respectively. The molar sound
velocity (R)also known as Raos constant which can be calculated using the above relation (8),
Hence, speed of sound is given by,
u = (R/V) 3 = [(x1R1+x2 R2)/ (x1V1+ x2V2)] 3(9)
According to Van Dael and Vangeel [3] assumption adiabatic compressibility (s) of mixture given by,
s(im) = 1v1s (1) / vim+2v2s(2) / vim(10)
Where and v represent volume fraction and specific heat ratio respectively.
Schaffs [4, 5] on basis of collision factor theory gave relation for sound velocity in liquids,
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A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

u = uSrf = uSB/V (11)
Where u= 1600 m/s, S is collision factor and rf (rf = B/V) is space filling factor, B is actual volume of
moleculeper mole and V is molar volume.
The sound velocity in mixtures evaluated from Jacobsons [6, 7] free length theory is,
umix = K/ ( Lf(mix)(mix)1/2) (12)
Where K is a temperature dependent constant.
Ultrasonic velocities from these theories with percentage error are given in Table 4.
The deviation in isentropic compressibility were fitted to RedlichKister [8]equation of type,
n

Y = x1x2

a (x
i

x 2 ) i (13)

where Y is s and n is degree of polynomial. Coefficient a iwas obtained by fitting equation (13) to
experimental results using a least-squares regression method. In each case, optimum number of coefficients is
ascertained from an examination of variation in standard deviation ().
was calculated using relation,

(Yexp t Ycalc ) 2
(Y) =

N n

1/ 2

(14)

where N is number of data points and n is number of coefficients. The calculated values of coefficients
aialong with standard deviations () are also given at temperatures 303.15and 313.15 K in Table 5.
JouybanAcree [9, 10] recently proposed model for correlating density and viscosity of liquid mixtures at various
temperatures. The proposed equation is,
lnymT = f1lny1T +f2lny2T+ f1f2 [Aj (f1-f2) j/T]
(15)
where ymT, y1T and y2T is density or viscosity of the mixture and solvents 1 and 2 at temperature T,
respectively, f1and f2 are volume fractions of solvents in case of density, mole fraction in case of viscosity and
Aj are the model constants. The correlating ability of the JouybanAcree model was tested by calculating the
average percentage deviation (APD) between the experimental and calculated density and viscosity as,
APD = (100/N) [(| yexpt - ycal|)/ yexpt)]
(16)
Where N is the number of data points in each set.
The optimum numbers of constants Aj, in each case, are determined from the examination of the
average percentage deviation value. The JouybanAcree model was not previously applied to ultrasonic velocity
measurements, we extend JouybanAcree model to ultrasonic velocity (15) of liquid mixtures with f as the mole
fraction and again apply (16) for correlating ability of the model. The proposed model provides reasonably
accurate calculations for the density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of binary liquid mixtures and could be
used in data modeling.
The constants Aj calculated from least square analysis along with average percentage deviation (APD)
are presented in Table 6.

IV.

Results And Discussion

Fig. 1 represents graphical variation of deviation in isentropic compressibility (s) for acrylates with
decane-1-ol at 303.15 K. In the present study, values of s are found to be positive for all mixtures. As the
temperature increase values of s decrease.Similar results were reported earlier by Ali [11, 12]. Kiyohara and
Benson [13] have suggested that,positive deviation in isentropic compressibility (s) is resultant of several
opposing effects.
1. Deviation in isentropic compressibility can be interpreted as:2. Increase in free volume in mixture compared to pure components due to rupture of alkanols aggregates with
addition of second component, i. e. acrylates.
Interstitial accommodation of acrylate molecules in aggregates of alkanols.
In binary liquid mixtures, an expansion in free volume makes mixture more compressible than ideal mixtures.
Negative values means mixture is less compressible than ideal one.
Alcohols exist in the form of aggregates. When they are mixed with other non-electrolyte molecules,
the aggregates of alcohol dissociate and form intermolecular complexes with unlike molecules. Variations in
ultrasonic velocity and compressibilities in alkanols are mainly due to H-bonds, dispersion and interaction of
hydrocarbon radicals of alkanols. A strong molecular interaction through charge transfer, dipole-induced dipole,
dipole-dipole [14] interactions, interstitial accommodation and orientational ordering lead to a more compact
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A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

structure, making s negative and breakup of alkanols structures tend to make s positive. Sign of s and VE
decides compactness due to molecular rearrangement. The magnitude of various contributions depends mainly
on relative molecular size of the components. Positive values of s observed when H-bonded aggregates of
alkanols break up progressively with addition of second component. The positive values of s for mixtures of
methyl acrylate with both types of alkanols signify decreasing dipole-dipole interactions due to decreasing
proton donating abilities with increasing chain length of 1-alkanols. De-clustering of 1-alkanols in the presence
of acrylates may also lead to positive s values.
There is high tendency of alkanols to undergo self-association via intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
It is well known that 1-alkanols form a variety of species with different degrees of association in the pure state;
however, polymeric linear associates are expected to be predominant in the pure state. Thus, the addition of an
acrylic ester to 1-alkanol may results in the following effects:
i. Rupturing or disruption of associate structures in alkanols.
ii. Formation of new species because of weak interactions between ester and alkanols.
iii. Free volume changes upon mixing of components of different sizes.
The first effect contributes positively to excess volumes and excess isentropic compressibilities and
negatively to excess viscosities. However, contributions due to effects (ii) and (iii) are in the opposite directions.
Fig.2 represents graphical variation of ZE for acrylates with decane-1-ol at 303.15 K. In this case, all
values are negative at both temperatures, but as mole fraction of acrylate increases values are becoming
negative. The curves exhibit negative deviation throughout mole fraction and deviations become more negative
as the chain length acrylates increases. A negative deviation in ZE values shows weak interactions between the
component molecules. ZE are more negative for mixtures containing branched alkanols due to more steric
hindrance of branched alkanols towards hetero- molecular interactions [15].
For mixture containing alkanols, negative values of ZE suggests that, dispersive forces are dominant
over the specific interaction. The positive values indicate presence of strong specific interactions and negative
values corresponds mainly to the existence of dispersive forces. Thus from above discussion reinforces our
views that, in present binary liquid systems dispersion forces are dominant and geometrical fitting is also
observed.
The variations of excess available volume (VaE) for acrylates with decane-1-ol at 303.15 K are
represented in Fig. 3. The positive values of VaEindicate presence of strong specific interaction. The VaEfor
binary mixtures of methyl acrylate with both types of alkanols are positive at all temperatures. This nature may
be attributed to strong interactions between acrylates and decane-1-ol. On other hand, negative values of it
means weak interactions due to, possible accommodation, large difference in molar volume, dipole-dipole
interactions, dipole-induced dipole interactions and van der Waals forces of attraction.
The variations of excess intrinsic pressure (intE) for acrylates with decane-1-ol at 303.15 K are
represented in Fig.4. Excess intrinsic pressure intEmay be used to study the intermolecular interactions in binary
liquid mixtures. The values of intEare found to be negative throughout the mole fraction in all binary mixtures
of decane-1-ol with acrylate suggesting weak interactions.
The molar sound velocity (R), also known as Raos constant, gives information on the formation of a
complex and on association of components. The values of molar sound velocity are sensitive to structure of
molecules. The increase in molar sound velocity with mole fraction indicates specific interactions while
decrease in these values suggests presence of dispersive forces between components of binary liquid mixtures.
These values are not greatly influenced by temperature. This is in accordance with theoretical expectation that R
is independent of temperature [16, 17]. The values of Raos constant are found to decreases to very less extent
with mole fraction of acrylates.
Ultrasonic velocities for all binary mixtures have also been calculated theoretically over entire mole
fraction range using Nomoto, Van Dael, Jacobsons free length theory (FLT) and collision factor theory (CFT)
to predict the ultrasonic velocities of all binary mixtures at both temperatures. The calculated ultrasonic
velocities along with average percentage error are summarized in Table 4. A close scrutiny of result indicates
that CFT does succeed in computing the ultrasonic velocity value for all the mixtures studied in the present
investigation to a greater degree of accuracy as compared with Nomoto, Van Dael and FLT. The Nomoto
formula is based on the assumption of linearity of molar sound velocity versus mole fraction and additivity of
molar volumes in liquid mixtures. Nomoto theory shows somewhat high and van deal theory shows lower value
of the ultrasonic velocities. Free length theory is naturally not applicable to systems having self-associated
components. The error range in the case of Van Daelis much larger for binary mixtures containing methyl
acrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2), ethyl acrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2) and methyl methacrylate (1) + decane-1-ol
(2). On the other hand, error range in the case FLT is the larger in case of the binary mixture containing butyl
acrylate (1) + decane-1-ol (2). This result may be due to increase in the carbon atoms in case of the acrylates.
The Redlich- Kister equation was originally developed to correlate the excess Gibbs energy function
and calculate the values of the activity coefficients. It turned out to be such a powerful and versatile correlating
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A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

tool that its use has been extended to other properties, particularly excess molar volumes and excess enthalpies
of mixing. It suffers from the important drawback that, the values of the adjustable parameters change as the
number in the series is increased, so that no physical interpretation can be attached to them [18]. The RedlichKisterregressor is very powerful and frequently used to correlate vapor-liquid equilibrium data and excess
properties.
Experimentally measured fundamental thermodynamic property such as ultrasonic velocity was
correlated using recently proposed Jouyban-Acree model. The constants (Aj) calculated from least square
analysis along with average percentage deviation (APD) are represented in Table 6. The proposed model
provides reasonably accurate calculations for fundamental thermodynamic parameters of binary liquid mixtures.

V.

Tables And Figures

Table 1.Ultrasonic Velocities (u) for Pure Components at 303.15 and 313.15 K.
Component

Expt

Decane-1-ol
Methyl Acrylate
Ethyl Acrylate
Butyl Acrylate
Methyl Methacrylate

1367
1163
1152
1190
1168

u / (m.s-1)
Lit.
303.15 K
1363 [19]
---------

Expt
1335
1118
1123
1157
1139

u / (m.s-1)
Lit.
313.15 K
1334 [20]
---------

Table 2. Ultrasonic Velocities (u), Deviation in Isentropic Compressibility (s) and Excess Specific
Acoustic Impendence (ZE) for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 and 313.15 K.
s
(TPa-1)
303.15 K

ZE
(Kg.m-2.s-1)

ZE
(Kg.m-2.s-1)

u
(m.s-1)

0
0.0552
0.0997
0.1555
0.1999
0.2554
0.3000
0.3555
0.3999
0.4538
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6550
0.6999
0.7555
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1367
1355
1345
1333
1324
1312
1302
1291
1281
1270
1261
1250
1241
1230
1221
1210
1201
1191
1182
1171
1163

0
5.88
10.72
16.14
19.71
24.69
28.85
32.09
35.71
38.35
39.63
40.73
41.20
40.75
39.58
36.77
33.71
26.65
20.81
10.95
0

MA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

0
1335
-4.79
1322
-8.53
1312
-12.63
1299
-15.24
1288
-18.85
1276
-21.81
1266
-23.94
1253
-26.40
1244
-28.01
1232
-28.64
1222
-29.10
1210
-29.18
1200
-28.55
1189
-27.49
1179
-25.29
1168
-23.01
1158
-18.01
1147
-13.98
1138
-7.31
1127
0
1118

0
6.66
11.37
17.61
23.15
27.85
31.77
36.95
39.05
42.40
44.38
46.07
47.23
45.87
45.24
41.19
38.47
31.06
23.76
11.70
0

0
-4.42
-7.32
-11.18
-14.61
-17.22
-19.40
-22.29
-23.18
-24.84
-25.68
-26.29
-26.70
-25.52
-24.95
-22.36
-20.77
-16.54
-12.54
-6.11
0

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7556
0.7999

1367
1354
1344
1331
1321
1309
1299
1286
1277
1265
1255
1243
1234
1222
1213
1201
1192

0
4.81
8.16
12.76
15.84
18.97
21.72
25.44
26.57
28.47
30.13
31.08
30.69
30.47
28.97
27.22
24.33

EA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

0
1335
-3.13
1322
-5.21
1312
-8.09
1300
-9.89
1290
-11.54
1277
-13.08
1268
-15.20
1255
-15.54
1246
-16.36
1234
-17.19
1224
-17.45
1213
-16.94
1203
-16.61
1192
-15.54
1183
-14.45
1171
-12.75
1162

0
5.14
8.75
12.59
15.91
20.45
22.29
26.37
27.66
29.84
31.75
31.67
32.76
31.42
30.04
28.52
25.72

0
-2.92
-4.86
-6.76
-8.45
-10.83
-11.47
-13.55
-13.88
-14.74
-15.61
-15.14
-15.60
-14.60
-13.75
-12.98
-11.56

DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

u
(m.s-1)

s
(TPa-1)
313.15 K

X1

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A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1181
1172
1161
1152

19.31
14.60
6.85
0

-9.90
-7.38
-3.26
0

0
0.0555
0.0998
0.1556
0.1998
0.2554
0.3000
0.3556
0.3998
0.4555
0.5000
0.5555
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7554
0.7999
0.8545
0.8999
0.9550
1

1367
1357
1348
1338
1330
1319
1311
1301
1293
1283
1275
1266
1258
1248
1241
1231
1223
1214
1207
1197
1190

0
1.57
3.71
5.07
6.13
8.34
9.21
10.17
10.89
11.57
11.99
11.25
11.40
11.41
10.05
9.60
9.04
7.07
4.55
3.20
0

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7556
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1367
1355
1346
1334
1325
1313
1304
1293
1284
1272
1264
1253
1244
1233
1224
1214
1205
1195
1187
1176
1168

0
4.78
7.96
12.50
15.34
19.44
21.92
24.42
26.33
29.24
29.37
30.15
30.58
30.16
29.50
26.29
24.25
19.07
13.94
7.50
0

1151
1143
1132
1123

20.79
14.63
6.89
0

-9.19
-6.21
-2.74
0

BA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

0
1335
-1.15
1324
-2.76
1316
-3.68
1306
-4.38
1297
-5.97
1287
-6.50
1279
-7.08
1269
-7.50
1261
-7.86
1251
-8.06
1243
-7.41
1233
-7.44
1225
-7.39
1215
-6.39
1208
-6.08
1198
-5.71
1191
-4.42
1181
-2.79
1174
-2.10
1164
0
1157

0
2.56
3.71
5.01
7.15
8.30
9.12
10.04
10.72
11.36
11.74
12.09
12.23
12.20
10.70
10.21
8.25
7.51
4.79
3.37
0

0
-1.75
-2.42
-3.16
-4.57
-5.19
-5.61
-6.08
-6.41
-6.70
-6.85
-6.99
-7.01
-6.94
-5.95
-5.66
-4.46
-4.10
-2.54
-1.92
0

MMA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

0
1335
-3.69
1323
-6.10
1314
-9.51
1302
-11.53
1293
-14.46
1282
-16.13
1273
-17.73
1262
-18.94
1253
-20.83
1242
-20.69
1233
-21.00
1222
-21.12
1214
-20.61
1203
-20.00
1195
-17.62
1184
-16.14
1176
-12.55
1165
-9.08
1157
-4.89
1147
0
1139

0
5.17
8.58
13.50
16.59
19.93
22.65
25.43
27.58
29.60
31.10
32.15
31.49
31.27
29.45
27.65
24.36
20.58
15.45
7.61
0

0
-3.51
-5.75
-8.98
-10.90
-12.88
-14.49
-16.05
-17.24
-18.27
-19.04
-19.47
-18.82
-18.50
-17.23
-16.04
-13.98
-11.74
-8.74
-4.28
0

Table 3. Excess Available Volume (VaE), Excess Intrinsic Pressure (intE) and Molar Sound Velocity (R)
for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 and 313.15 K.
X1

0
0.0552
0.0997
0.1555
0.1999
0.2554
0.3000
0.3555
0.3999
0.4538
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999

intE
(atm)
303.15 K

0
0.778
1.381
1.996
2.365
2.832
3.183
3.395
3.624
3.719
3.699
3.622
3.515

0
-323.60
-383.30
-520.37
-553.49
-652.95
-661.24
-730.66
-715.60
-752.43
-728.27
-738.71
-685.64

VaE
(m .mol-1)

DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

VaE
intE
-1
(m .mol )
(atm)
313.15 K
MA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
2.135
0
0
2.068
0.854
-267.38
2.015
1.423
-311.31
1.948
2.105
-421.61
1.895
2.652
-441.89
1.829
3.064
-525.82
1.776
3.369
-530.78
1.710
3.723
-589.60
1.657
3.805
-577.55
1.594
3.934
-611.10
1.540
3.951
-592.11
1.475
3.893
-605.95
1.423
3.812
-560.99
R

www.iosrjournals.org

2.136
2.069
2.015
1.947
1.894
1.827
1.774
1.708
1.655
1.592
1.537
1.472
1.420

64 | Page

A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

0.6550
0.6999
0.7555
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

3.301
3.067
2.693
2.352
1.765
1.306
0.638
0

-677.18
-608.34
-577.16
-488.97
-439.10
-332.87
-260.31
0

1.359
1.307
1.242
1.191
1.127
1.076
1.012
0.962

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7556
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

0
0.719
1.193
1.782
2.149
2.492
2.760
3.079
3.138
3.228
3.286
3.245
3.109
2.941
2.706
2.411
2.077
1.580
1.149
0.524
0

0
-278.94
-338.20
-457.00
-489.97
-577.79
-587.84
-642.46
-633.25
-661.88
-632.58
-636.51
-591.96
-574.22
-513.19
-475.37
-400.20
-346.55
-257.54
-186.78
0

EA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

2.135
0
2.079
0.730
2.034
1.212
1.978
1.698
1.933
2.076
1.878
2.540
1.834
2.710
1.778
3.043
1.734
3.112
1.680
3.216
1.636
3.285
1.581
3.164
1.538
3.132
1.484
2.891
1.441
2.670
1.387
2.394
1.345
2.075
1.292
1.597
1.249
1.107
1.196
0.506
1.154
0

0
0.0555
0.0998
0.1556
0.1998
0.2554
0.3000
0.3556
0.3998
0.4555
0.5000
0.5555
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7554
0.7999
0.8545
0.8999
0.9550
1

0
0.312
0.653
0.897
1.073
1.370
1.491
1.611
1.687
1.744
1.765
1.658
1.631
1.566
1.390
1.263
1.134
0.869
0.578
0.340
0

0
-198.14
-262.09
-363.02
-404.78
-471.98
-492.57
-533.78
-534.65
-550.79
-534.71
-529.43
-497.15
-470.19
-424.18
-379.53
-320.24
-259.85
-189.79
-113.56
0

BA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

2.135
0
2.101
0.426
2.073
0.646
2.038
0.885
2.011
1.172
1.977
1.349
1.949
1.465
1.915
1.581
1.888
1.652
1.854
1.704
1.827
1.720
1.794
1.712
1.766
1.680
1.733
1.608
1.706
1.425
1.673
1.291
1.646
1.061
1.613
0.886
1.586
0.589
1.553
0.344
1.526
0

0
-152.98
-199.28
-275.16
-301.61
-354.98
-368.44
-401.33
-399.88
-414.68
-401.03
-399.30
-373.37
-355.90
-321.27
-289.71
-245.67
-201.44
-149.22
-93.50
0

2.136
2.101
2.073
2.039
2.011
1.977
1.949
1.915
1.888
1.854
1.827
1.793
1.766
1.732
1.706
1.672
1.646
1.613
1.586
1.553
1.526

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555

0
0.680
1.104
1.661
1.984
2.410
2.638
2.836
2.963
3.137
3.072
3.025
2.958
2.789

0
-269.37
-322.94
-435.84
-465.68
-548.73
-556.73
-612.78
-601.73
-630.65
-603.94
-610.69
-565.78
-553.00

MMA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

2.135
0
2.077
0.693
2.032
1.125
1.975
1.694
1.930
2.025
1.873
2.354
1.828
2.593
1.772
2.804
1.727
2.942
1.670
3.032
1.626
3.074
1.570
3.041
1.526
2.895
1.471
2.743

0
-218.95
-255.18
-343.40
-362.23
-430.40
-433.41
-480.01
-469.63
-497.49
-472.23
-483.00
-447.72
-442.48

2.136
2.078
2.033
1.976
1.930
1.874
1.829
1.773
1.728
1.672
1.627
1.572
1.528
1.473

DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

3.525
3.308
2.857
2.525
1.924
1.399
0.648
0

www.iosrjournals.org

-561.47
-504.39
-487.76
-411.84
-378.20
-291.25
-239.74
0

1.356
1.304
1.240
1.189
1.126
1.075
1.012
0.962

0
-226.08
-266.53
-361.08
-382.09
-450.86
-456.66
-502.40
-493.18
-518.81
-493.67
-502.65
-464.75
-456.81
-408.35
-384.74
-323.63
-284.81
-215.57
-163.98
0

2.136
2.079
2.035
1.979
1.935
1.879
1.835
1.780
1.736
1.682
1.638
1.584
1.541
1.487
1.444
1.391
1.349
1.296
1.254
1.202
1.160

65 | Page

A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

0.6999
0.7556
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

2.622
2.250
1.985
1.500
1.064
0.532
0

-493.01
-462.66
-389.39
-341.70
-255.36
-164.66
0

1.426
1.372
1.328
1.273
1.230
1.175
1.132

2.506
2.235
1.906
1.517
1.097
0.514
0

-394.69
-375.26
-316.49
-283.60
-213.88
-169.08
0

1.429
1.374
1.331
1.276
1.233
1.179
1.136

Table 4. Comparison of experimental ultrasonic velocity with various theories like NOMOTO, VAN, CFT
and FLT with % errors for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 K.

0
0.0552
0.0997
0.1555
0.1999
0.2554
0.3000
0.3555
0.3999
0.4538
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6550
0.6999
0.7555
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1367
1355
1345
1333
1324
1312
1302
1291
1281
1270
1261
1250
1241
1230
1221
1210
1201
1191
1182
1171
1163

Ultrasonic Velocity
% Errors for Ultrasonic Velocity
NOM
VAN
CFT
FLT
NOM
VAN
CFT
FLT
MA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
1367
1367
1367
1368
4.85
27.80
1.44
2.24
1361
1329
1358
1353
1356
1303
1351
1343
1350
1274
1342
1329
1344
1254
1335
1318
1337
1232
1325
1305
1331
1217
1318
1295
1323
1201
1308
1281
1316
1189
1300
1271
1307
1178
1290
1258
1299
1169
1282
1248
1288
1161
1271
1235
1279
1156
1262
1224
1267
1152
1250
1212
1257
1149
1241
1201
1243
1148
1228
1188
1231
1148
1218
1177
1214
1150
1204
1164
1200
1153
1192
1153
1180
1158
1176
1139
1163
1163
1163
1128

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7556
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1367
1354
1344
1331
1321
1309
1299
1286
1277
1265
1255
1243
1234
1222
1213
1201
1192
1181
1172
1161
1152

1367
1360
1353
1345
1339
1330
1323
1313
1305
1295
1286
1274
1265
1252
1241
1227
1215
1199
1185
1167
1152

1367
1336
1315
1290
1273
1253
1239
1224
1212
1200
1191
1182
1175
1168
1164
1159
1156
1153
1152
1152
1152

EA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

1367
1368
3.17
1357
1355
1348
1344
1338
1330
1329
1320
1319
1306
1310
1296
1299
1283
1290
1273
1279
1260
1269
1250
1258
1237
1248
1227
1236
1214
1226
1204
1213
1191
1203
1181
1189
1169
1178
1158
1164
1146
1152
1134

0
0.0555
0.0998
0.1556
0.1998
0.2554
0.3000
0.3556
0.3998
0.4555
0.5000

1367
1357
1348
1338
1330
1319
1311
1301
1293
1283
1275

1367
1359
1353
1345
1338
1329
1323
1314
1306
1297
1289

1367
1351
1339
1324
1314
1301
1291
1280
1271
1261
1253

BA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

1367
1368
0.61
1358
1363
1350
1360
1341
1355
1334
1352
1324
1349
1317
1346
1307
1342
1299
1340
1290
1337
1282
1334

X1

Expt.

DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

www.iosrjournals.org

13.49

0.70

0.48

1.54

0.13

35.52

66 | Page

A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

0.5555
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7554
0.7999
0.8545
0.8999
0.9550
1

1266
1258
1248
1241
1231
1223
1214
1207
1197
1190

1279
1271
1261
1253
1242
1233
1222
1212
1200
1190

1244
1237
1229
1223
1216
1211
1205
1200
1194
1190

1272
1264
1254
1246
1236
1228
1218
1209
1198
1190

1332
1330
1328
1326
1324
1323
1322
1321
1320
1321

0
0.0554
0.0999
0.1553
0.1998
0.2556
0.2999
0.3554
0.4000
0.4555
0.4999
0.5554
0.5999
0.6555
0.6999
0.7556
0.7999
0.8555
0.8999
0.9555
1

1367
1355
1346
1334
1325
1313
1304
1293
1284
1272
1264
1253
1244
1233
1224
1214
1205
1195
1187
1176
1168

1367
1360
1355
1348
1341
1334
1327
1318
1311
1301
1293
1283
1274
1262
1252
1239
1227
1212
1200
1183
1168

1367
1339
1318
1295
1279
1261
1247
1233
1222
1211
1203
1194
1188
1181
1177
1173
1170
1168
1167
1167
1168

MMA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)

1367
1368
2.89
1358
1357
1350
1347
1341
1335
1333
1326
1323
1314
1315
1305
1305
1294
1297
1285
1286
1275
1278
1266
1267
1255
1258
1247
1247
1236
1238
1228
1226
1217
1216
1209
1203
1199
1193
1190
1179
1180
1168
1172

12.17

0.66

0.04

Table 5.Adjustable parameters of Eq13 and 14 for Excess Functions for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
Property

T(K)

a0

a1

s(TPa-1)

303.15
313.15

63.3962
55.3486

26.7849
33.5197

s(TPa-1)

303.15
313.15

22.4621
18.6945

20.1502
25.2477

s(TPa-1)

303.15
313.15

6.0176
3.1985

-3.1281
2.7866

s(TPa-1)

303.15
313.15

42.2657
38.7273

19.5183
18.6600

a2
a3
MA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
-3.2006
14.8995
20.1683
3.0866
EA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
13.6479
-9.6970
14.9256
-21.4056
BA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
-7.5615
20.2328
-21.4398
4.4989
MMA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
-3.9746
2.5428
7.2387
1.7730

a4

23.6187
-12.9484

0.38664
0.41375

-15.8927
-20.5083

0.32791
0.58774

13.6301
42.6166

0.43004
0.52014

13.5427
5.3325

0.43710
0.32046

Table 6.Adjustable parameters of Eq15 and 16 for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
Property

a0

a1

u (m.s-1)

0.0242

0.435

u (m.s )

0.0598

-0.8037

u (m.s-1)

-0.0331

-0.0191

u (m.s-1)

-0.0879

0.1563

-1

DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

a2
a3
MA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
0.1354
-0.7286
EA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
-0.9323
1.4867
BA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
0.4959
0.1106
MMA (1) + Decane-1-ol (2)
1.5038
-0.7867

a4

APD

-0.2667

1297.4211

0.0204

1.6833

1293.6859

0.0186

-0.8857

1313.3082

0.0212

-2.5679

1302.1461

0.0194

www.iosrjournals.org

67 | Page

A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

Fig 1. Variation of deviation in isentropic compressibility (s) for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 K.

Fig. 2.Variation of excess specific acoustic impendence (ZE) for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 K

Fig. 3. Variation of excess available volume (VaE) for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 K

Fig. 4. Variation of excess intrinsic pressure (intE) for Acrylates (1) + Decane-1-ol (2) at 303.15 K.

VI.
DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

Conclusion
www.iosrjournals.org

68 | Page

A complete ultrasonic velocity study of decane-1-ol with various acrylates at 303.15

Positive values of deviation in isentropic compressibility (s) suggest a mixture is more compressible
than corresponding ideal one. Excess specific acoustic impendence (ZE) are more negative for mixtures
containing alkanols due to more steric hindrance of alkanols towards hetero molecular interactions. Positive
values of excess available volume (VaE)mean strong interactions. Less magnitude of excess intrinsic pressure
(intE)suggests that, weak type of intermolecular interactions are present with some dispersion due to
dissociation of decane-1-ol aggregates with addition of solute (acrylates) in present binary liquid mixtures. The
positive values of molar sound velocity (R)clearly indicate,presence of specific interactions between acrylates
and decane-1-ol.

Acknowledgement
Author (SSP) acknowledge Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, Government of India,
for their financial support by awarding Junior Research Fellowship.

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DOI: 10.9790/5736-08115969

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