MANTRA

AJAIB
Member of Group:
1. Siti Nur Fatimah (A410112003)
2. Amalia Dewi P. (A410112004)
3. Meita Ratna P. (A410112010)
4. Widya Evijayanti (A410122001)
5. Maya Nurlastyaningtyas (A410122005)

Usage
Prepare rubber pentyl
Connect rubber pentyl in spikes to
create a figure
Make the other figure based on the
question (reflection, rotation,
translation, or dilatation)

Definition of Transformation
A geometric transformation changes the
position, size, or shape of a figure. A particular type
of transformation is defined by describing where it
takes each point of a figure. Under a
transformation, each point of the original figure is
taken to its image. The original points is called the
preimage.

The types of transformation are:

TRANSLATION

ROTATION

TRANSFOR
MATION

REFLECTION

DILATATION

Translation
Translation is a transformation in which every point of a figure moves
an equal distance in the same direction.
Let x, y, a, and b are real numbers, Translational point A (x, y) by
shifting the abscissa x as far a and shift ordinate y as far as b, so
obtained point A '(x + a, y + b), in the notation represented by :
( a ,b )
A( x, y) T
A' ( x a, y b)

Consider the example of the translation in the following figure

Example:
Given Triangle A(3,6), B(3,3),
C(6,3)
T(-5,0) = ?
T(-5,-7)= ?

Dilatation
Dilatation or resizing is a transformation that enlarges or decreases the size
of a figure without changing its shape.
A dilatation is a type of transformation that changes the size of the
image. Dilation with center O (0,0) and the scale factor k

 DILATATION

Given Triangle with point A (2,3) B(2,2) C(3,2)

a. K=2
b. k=-1

Reflection
Reflection is a transformation that creates a mirror image of a figure.
On the flat mirror, appear to us that the distance of the object to the mirror
is equal to the distance of the shadow to the mirror. Suppose line x = h is a
mirror and point P (a, b) is the object.
Distance of a point P on the y-axis is a. Distance mirror x = h to the y-axis is h.

 Distance object to mirror = h-a.

Distance shadows to mirror = h-a.
Distance shadow to object = 2 (h-a).
Distance shadow to the y-axis = 2 (h-a) + a = 2h-a

-a

 The above concept is the reflection of the mirror with a vertical position.
Look at the picture and table below. Some of the points reflected on line y = x, then
look for a point a distance equal to the distance to the mirror reflection to the
mirror.

Reflection on x-axis
A(a, b) A' (a,b)
C sumbux

Example:
Reflection at x-axis :
a. Point R(3,1)
b. Triangle A(-2,-2), B(-1,-4), C(-3,-3)

Reflection on y-axis
C
sumbuy
A(a, b) A' (a, b)

Example:
Reflection at y-axis:
a. Point A(2,1)
b. Triangle B(3,1), C(5,2), D(4,3)

Reflection on O(0,0)
C
O ( 0,0)
A(a, b) A' (a,b)

Example:

Knowing point A(1,2) Reflected at O(0,0)

Reflection on x=h
C
x h
A(a, b)

A' (2h a, b)

Example:

Knowing point F(2, 4) reflected on x= h; h=4

Knowing triangle A(1,1), B(3,2), C(2,3)
reflected on x=h; h=4

Reflection on y=k
C
y k
A(a, b)
A' (a,2k b)

Example:

a. Point A (-2,2) reflected on y=k; k=3

b. Line P (1,2), Q (2,1) reflected on y=k; k=3

Reflection on y=x
C
yx
A(a, b)
A' (b, a)

Example:

a. Point A(2,1) reflected at y=x

b. Triangle P(3,1), Q(4,1), R(5,3) reflected at y=x

Reflection on y=-x
C
y x
A(a, b) A' (b,a)

Example:

a. Point A(-2,1) reflected at y=-x

b. Quadrangle P(-6,2), Q(-5,1), R(-4,2), S(-5,3)
reflected at y=-x

Rotation
Rotation is a transformation that involves turning a figure around a point (P).

Example:

Rotation at point A(3,-2) with center

point O(0,0) and angle 90
Rotation at point B(3,3) with center
point O(0,0) and angle 90
0