Robert Oppenheimer

Bibliography

Nicholas Schaffer
Senior Division

Primary Sources
Article
18, April. "U.S. A-Bomb Chief Allegedly Leaked Secrets : Espionage: A Former
Soviet Spymaster Says That the Late J. Robert Oppenheimer Passed
Nuclear Data to Agents." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 18 Apr.
1994. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
This article is about the espionage charges brought onto Oppenheimer.
08, June. "UPDATE : Spy Charges Aimed at A-Bomb Pioneers Draw
Counterattack : Eminent Scientists Rise to the Defense of J. Robert
Oppenheimer, Other Physicists Charged in Book with Leaking Secrets to the
Soviets in the '40s." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 08 June 1994.
Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
This article is an update of an older article about Oppenheimers espionage trials.
05, August. "The Myths of Hiroshima." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 05
Aug. 2005. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
Many things that Americans believe about the bombings at Hiroshima arent
necessarily true.
Broad, William J. "Transcripts Kept Secret for 60 Years Bolster Defense of
Oppenheimers Loyalty." The New York Times. The New York Times, 11 Oct.
2014. Web. 21 Nov. 2014.
Secret Papers from the trials were released and this article talks about it.
Sang-hun, Choe. "North Korea Threatens to Conduct Nuclear Test." The New York
Times. The New York Times, 20 Nov. 2014. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
This article has first hand news about the threats and tests North Korea is doing with
nuclear weapons today.

Pictures
Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
This website provides a newer picture of Oppenheimer before his death.
"J. Robert Oppenheimer." -- Jared Inghram. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2014.

This website has a photo of Oppenheimer earlier in his life.

"The Man with the BOMB - Why Robert Oppenheimer Haunts Us Still WAR
HISTORY ONLINE." WAR HISTORY ONLINE. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov.
2014.
This picture has a view from a city of what the bomb looks like when it is
detonated.
Craig Brown for The Daily Mail. "The Life of J. Robert Oppenheimer: The
Unstable A-bomb Know-it-all Who Self-destructed." Mail Online. Associated
Newspapers, 25 Nov. 2012. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
This picture shows what the cloud of smoke looked like after the bomb was
detonated.

Videos
"DOE - NNSA/NFO -- Historical Test Films." DOE - NNSA/NFO -- Historical Test
Films. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2014.
Websites
Fehner, Terry. "Unlocking the Mysteries of the J. Robert Oppenheimer
Transcript."Energy.gov. N.p., 03 Oct. 2014. Web. 21 Nov. 2014.
An expert on the Oppenheimer transcripts talks about the transcripts.
Secondary Sources
Websites
"7 Of The Creepiest Cold War Fallout Shelters." Popular Science. N.p., n.d. Web. 19
Jan. 2015.
I needed pictures of fallout shelters and this website had seven of them.

"About J. Robert Oppenheimer." About J. Robert Oppenheimer. N.p., n.d. Web. 31

Oct. 2014
This website gave me information about Oppenheimer and more detailed
information on why he lost his security clearance.

"Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d.

Web. 17 Jan. 2015.
This website gave me information about the two bombings Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
"Cold War." Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
This website is about the cold war, and how it started.

"Creator of Neutron Bomb Leaves an Explosive Legacy." The Jewish Daily

Forward. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2014.
A legacy was also left on the world after the dropping of the first atomic bomb.
"Fallout Shelters." Fallout Shelters. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
This informed me about the actions the US government took in order to protect its
people at the start of the Cold War.
"Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences." Harvard School of
Engineering and Applied Sciences. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
I wanted a picture of their school logo so I went to the website and got it from there.
"Iran Watch." A History of Iran's Nuclear Program. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
I needed information about Irans nuclear history.

"J. Robert Oppenheimer." About. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Oct. 2014.

I knew that I needed information about what kind of legacy Oppenheimer has, so
I found this website which gave me that information.
"J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904 - 1967)." J. Robert Oppenheimer.
Atomicarchive.com, n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
This website gives me a brief overview of Robert Oppenheimer's life.
"J. Robert Oppenheimer." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2014.
This website gave me another source of general information about Robert
Oppenheimer.
"Julius Robert Oppenheimer." Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2014. Web.
16 Oct. 2014.

This website gave me information about Robert Oppenheimer; including facts,

beginning of his life, middle, and end.
"J. Robert Oppenheimer." Institute for Advanced Study. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct.
2014.
This website had more in-depth but general information about Oppenheimer.
M., and August 20. Heet (n.d.): n. pag. North Korea's Nuclear Program. Web.
This website had a full timeline of North Koreas nuclear history.
"Nuclear Weapons: Who Has What?" CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 18 Jan.
2015.
This website has a very informative picture and chart about who has nuclear
weapons in the world today.

"Robert Oppenheimer." Robert Oppenheimer. NNDB, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2014.

This website gave me information about Oppenheimer from the Manhattan
project on.
SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2014.
This website gave me a brief intro into what kind of legacy Robert Oppenheimer
left behind.
"The Agony of Atomic Genius." The New Atlantis. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Oct. 2014.
After the war Oppenheimer had to deal with many accusations that he was a
communist, this website tells the struggle he had to go through to gain his
reputation back.
"The First Atomic Bomb Blast, 1945." The First Atomic Bomb Blast, 1945. N.p., n.d.
Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
This website told me more information about the atomic bombs dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
"The First Atomic Weapons." The First Atomic Weapons. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2015.
This website has the original pictures from when they were loading the bombs onto
the planes.

"The Moral Legacy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki." Global Research. N.p., n.d. Web.
31 Oct. 2014.
After the dropping of the Atomic bomb there was a legacy left on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.
"The Nuclear Arms Race." The Nuclear Arms Race. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2015.
The information in this website was required so I could give accurate information
about the cold war.
"Traveler's Guide To Nuclear Weapons - Photo Gallery." Traveler's Guide To Nuclear
Weapons - Photo Gallery. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.
This website had a large quantity of pictures from arounf the world, that are related to
the atomic bombs.
"Vater Der Atombombe Hexenjagd Auf Oppenheimer." Sueddeutschede Wissen
RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2015.

I wanted another picture of Robert Oppenheimer that I didnt already have so I

found one on this website.
"World War II Database." WW2DB RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2014
This website gave me information about Oppenheimer directly from an Atomic
bomb history website.