Mechanical Vibration Damped Free Vibration

Tutorial 2:

ME351/Jan14/KVG/VI M1&2/Tut02

Damped Free Vibration Deriving governing differential equations and

determine damped natural frequency, decay, and logarithmic decrement

1.

In a mechanism used for a bottling plant has a lumped mass of 3 kg and a stiffness of
0.1 N/mm. A viscous damper of C = 310-3 Ns/mm is connected with the system. Find
(i) damped natural frequency of the system (ii) ratio of two consecutive amplitudes (iii) time
taken to reduce original amplitude of vibration to 20 percent.

2.

Find the amplitude ratio of free vibration of the given system, considering consecutive peaks
after finishing five cycles. The system has a body of mass 10 kg, which is supported on a
spring of stiffness 25 N/cm and has a dash pot connected parallel to the spring, which
produces a resistance of 2.8 N at a velocity of 0.9 m/s. Derive the formula used.

3.

A machine of 100 kg is supported on isolator which has an effective stiffness of 400 N/m and
a viscous resistance of 40 N at a velocity of 1 m/s. Determine the reduction of amplitude per
cycle in a free vibration study.

4.

A motor mounted on an isolator (a spring damper system) subjected to variable frequency

excitation shows peak amplitude occurs at 90.5539 rad/sec and when conducted a free
vibration test its damped natural frequency found to be 95.3939 rad/sec. An estimate shows
the equivalent viscous damping present in the system is 6000 Ns/m. Help the designer to find
the effective stiffness and mass of the system.

5.

A mass of 2kg is supported on an isolator having a spring scale of 2940 N/m and viscous
damping. If the amplitude of free vibration of the mass falls to one half its original value in
1.5 seconds, determine the damping coefficient of the isolator.

6.

The mass of a single damped vibrating system is 7.5 kg makes 24 free oscillations in 14 sec,
when disturbed from its equilibrium position. The amplitude of vibration reduces 0.25 of its
initial value after 5 oscillations. Determine (i) Stiffness of spring (ii) Log. Decrement (iii)
Damping factor

7.

A vertical spring of stiffness 9.8 N/mm supports a mass of 30 kg. The friction force on the
mass is 49 N which always resist the vertical displacement. The mass is released from a
position in which total extension of the spring is 127 mm. Determine how many cycles it take
the system to comes to rest. And also find the final extension of the spring when it comes to
rest.

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8.

A gun barrel weighing 7000 N has a recoil spring of stiffness 1500 N/mm. If the barrel recoils
1.5 m after firing, find the damping coefficient of the dash pot if the system is critically
damped. Also find the time required for the barrel to return to 30 mm from its initial position

9.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the
systems shown in Figure 12

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 15
k

Figure 14
a

c
a

10.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the
systems shown in Figure 13

11.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the
systems shown in Figure 14

12.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the
systems shown in Figure 15

13.

A machine of mass 20 kg is mounted on pad which has stiffness of 8 kN/m and a damping of
130 Ns/m. If the system is initially at rest and an initial velocity of 100 mm/s is imparted to
the mass. Determine. (i) The displacement and velocity of the mass as function of time. (ii)
The displacement and velocity at t = 1.0 second.

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14.

Find the amplitude ratio of free vibration of the given system, considering consecutive peaks
after finishing five cycles. The system has a body of mass 10 kg, which is supported on a
spring of stiffness 25 N/cm and has a dash pot connected parallel to the spring, which
produces a resistance of 2.8 N at a velocity of 0.9 m/s. Derive the formula used

15.

An induction motor running at 2880 rpm has a mass of 5 kg. It is supported by a set of pads
which has an equivalent stiffness of 4000 N/m. The damping present in the system can be
modeled as pure viscous damper with a damping coefficient of 100 Ns/m. Find out the rpm at
which the motor should not run.

16.

A over head high speed crane in a sea port is carrying 10 ton of load at a hanging distance of
9.8 m. The operator happens to apply a panic break which created a swing of the load to 1
degree from mean vertical position. (i) Find the time taken to complete one swing of the load
(ii) what should be minimum clearance space required for swing. (iii) how much will be the
reduction of swing amplitude per cycle, if the damping factor of the system is estimated to be
0.10966

17.

A long shaft of 3000 mm length and 26 mm diameter has to be turned in a lathe. It is proposed
to fix the long shaft between centers for final turning. Production planning and control
department has suggested to use 245 rpm as the spindle speed for the given work piece and
tool combination. Identify the need for a study rest or follower rest for this work to support
the long rod for finish turning. Justify your answer with numerical values. When the long
shaft fixed between centers was pulled laterally the centre and left, it is found that initially
displacement was 2351 micrometer and after 5 cycles it displacement was found to be 100
micrometer. Find out what is the amount of energy consuming element available in the
system; specify it in Ns/m unit

18.

In an effort to double the production capacity of a typical assembly line, A three phase 440 V,
20 kW motor running at 720 rpm is proposed to be replaced with a similar induction motor
running at 1440 rpm. After replacement, a free vibration test was conducted and it is found
that the system makes 200 oscillations in 8 seconds time. From a static load test on the
mounts used for mounting the new motor, it is found that the effective stiffness is 4934.8
N/mm. Find what is the effective mass the system. Comment on the suitability of the decision
to change 720 rpm to 1440 rpm motor. After introducing a new mounting pad below the
1440 rpm motor, it is found that free vibration amplitude of 100 micrometer is reduced to 50
micrometer in the next cycle. And static deflection of the mount under dead weight of the
system is 6.8954 mm. Find the suitability of the new mounting pad and calculate the damping
present in the system. {Sketch the system, indicate all the given data on the sketch, write DEM

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of the system, write equation to get natural frequencies and damping factor, mention the
assumptions made, if any}
19.

A machine component which can be modeled as a cantilever beam has area moment (I) of
450 mm4 and a effective cantilever length of 224.2 mm. Free vibration experiment was
conducted with a additional tip mass of 1 kg, the natural frequency of the cantilever beam
with tip mass was found to be 114.5 rad/s. When tip mass of 2 kg was attached and the
system natural frequency was measured as 82.8 rad/s. When the cantilever without any tip
mass was given an initial displacement, its amplitude of vibration was measured as 100 units
in first cycle and it reduce to 53 units in the next cycle. Find the mass of the cantilever beam
and identify the material of beam based on Youngs modulus. Also find the damping factor of
the system. { simplify the given system to a single linear spring and a mass, consider the
spring mass ie. cantilever beam mass. assume natural frequencies given are undamped
natural frequencies. Find the spring mass, stiffness, youngs modulus of beam material and
damping factor }

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