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redGDPS
cidos
grasos libres
Resistencia a la insulina
captacin
de glucosa
Lipotoxicidad
Glucotoxicidad
Hiperglucemia
Diabetes tipo 2
produccin heptica
de glucosa
Tbulo
Gerich JE. Diabet Med 2010;27:13642.
Espacio intercelular
Bolli, presented at EASD 7 September 2008
Bakris GL, et al. Kidney Int.G.2009;75:1272-1277.
180 g glucosa
filtrada cada da
SGLT-2
90% reabsorcin por SGLT2
10% reabsorcin por SGLT1
SGLT-1
Transportadores de glucosa
Familia GLUT (13 tipos)
Familia SGLT: 1 (intestino y S3 TCP),
2 (en S1-S2 TCP) hasta 6
Excrecin urinaria
glucosa <1% (<0,5g/d)
1 Gerich JE. Review Article. Diabetic Medicine. 2010;27:136142 .
Niveles
Rinon / vejiga
Complicaciones
Wright EM, et al. J Intern Med. 2007;261:32-43; Santer R, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:2873-2882.
Shorten spacer
Remove hydroxyl to
increase lipophilicity
Change position
of attachment
Phlorizin
Excise
intervening atom
Sergliflozin-A
Dapagliflozin
Replace with a
lipophilic small group
Canagliflozin
Empagliflozin
gliflozin
Tratamiento farmacolgico
Defecto insulino-secretor
Sulfonilureas / glinidas
Inhibidores de la DPP-IV
Agonistas GLP-1
Insulina
Disponibilidad de glucosa
Frmacos que inhiben la absorcin (acarbosa)
Frmacos que incrementan la eliminacin renal
(inhibidores de SGLT2)
Adapted from Tahrani AA, et al. Lancet 2011;378182-97.
Dapaglifozina
Baseline HbA1c (%)
7.7
8.0
8.0
7.8
DAPA
2.5
DAPA
5
DAPA
10
DAPA
50
P<0.01
P<0.01
-0.2
7.9
PBO
7.7
MET
XR
1500
-0.4
HbA1c
(%)
-0.6
-0.8
-1
P<0.01
P<0.01
Week 50
Week 102
Adjusted mean
change from baseline
at week 102 (95% CI)
0.2
0.02 (-0.20,0.23)
0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.8
-1.0
Placebo
2.5 mg/d
-1.2
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
5 mg/d
Time (weeks)
10 mg/d
Bailey CJ, et al. Lancet 2010;375:22232233.
Bailey CJ et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 [Abstract 988-P].
HbA1c
inicial
Monotherapy
1
Add-on
to Met2
Add-on
to Glim3
Add-on
to Pio4
Add-on
to Ins5
Dapa
+ Met XR6
7.92
8.06
8.11
8.37
8.53
9.05
-0.13
-0.23
-0.3
-0.3
-0.42
-0.89
-0.84
-0.82
-0.9
*
-1.44
-1.98
-0.97
E, et al. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2217-24. 2Bailey CJ, et al. Lancet 2010;375:2223-33. 3Strojek K, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;13:928-38.
J, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 Abstract 0986-P. 5Wilding J, et al. Diabetes. 2010;59 (Suppl 1):A21-A22. Abstract 0078-OR. 6Henry R, et
al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 Abstract 307-OR.
4Rosenstock
*Data are adjusted mean change from baseline 95% CI derived from a mixed model and include data after insulin up-titration. DAPA, dapagliflozin; INS, insulin;
PBO, placebo; ST, short-term; LT, long-term.
J.P.H. Wilding1, V. Woo2, K. Rohwedder3, J. Sugg4, S. Parikh4 1University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; 2University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; 3AstraZeneca, Wedel, Germany;
4AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE, United States 72nd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, Philadelphia, PA, USA, June 8-12 2012; Poster #1042P
HbA1c inicial, %
7.8
7.9
8.0
7.8
OL
Metformin**
8.1
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
* P<0.0001 vs placebo for all values; Bars are standard errors;
** 1000 mg bid or max. tolerated dose; Mean final dose after 12
weeks was ~1700 mg
Source: Ferrannini E, et al. European Association for the Study of Diabetes, 2010 (Poster 877)
15
24-wk
Monotherapy
24-wk add-on
to Met2
52-wk add-on
to Met3
24-wk add-on
to Glim4
24 wk -add-on
to Ins5
24-wk add-on
to Pio6
24-wk Dapa
+ Met XR7
90.2kg
88kg
85.9kg
81.1kg
93.8kg
86.3kg
81.1kg
1.64
1.44
0.02
-0.14
-1.36
-1.67
-2.19
-2.26
-2.86
-3.16
NS
-0.72
-0.89
-3.22
*
-3.33
E, et al. Diabetes Care 2010;33:22172224; 2Bailey CJ, et al. Lancet 2010;375:22232233; 3Nauck MA, et al. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2015-2022;
K, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;13:928-938 5Wilding J, et al. Diabetes 2010;59 (Suppl 1):A21A22 [Abstract 0078-OR]; 6Rosenstock J, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San
Diego, 2428 June, 2011 [Abstract 0986-P]; 7Henry R, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 Abstract 307-OR.
4Strojek
Baseline weight
DAPA + MET : 88.4 kg
GLIP + MET : 87.6 kg
3.0
2.0
1.0
-0.0
GLI + MET (n = 401)
-1.0
Between-group difference:
5.06 kg
(95% CI; 5.73, 4.4)
-2.0
-3.0
12
18
26
34
42
52
65
Nauck M, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 [Abstract 40-LB].
78
91
104
83.4
78.5
82.2
81.7
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
NS
-2
-2.5
P=0.0009;
* P<0.0001; NS P=0.0699 vs placebo; Bars are standard errors; FAS:
Full analysis set; CLOCF: Classical last observation carries forward;
** 1000 mg bid or max. tolerated dose; Mean final dose after 12 weeks
was ~1700 mg
Source: Ferrannini E, et al. European Association for the Study of Diabetes, 2010 (Poster 877)
19
Monotherapy (N=584)1
Baseline (%)
0.4
PBO
CANA 100 mg
CANA 300 mg
8.0
8.1
8.0
GLIM
0.2
CANA 300 mg
7.8
PBO
0.2
0,8-1%
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.2
0
12
18
26
8.1
0.4
0,8-1%
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
CANA 300 mg
8.1
0.2
0,8-1%
0.2
0.0
CANA 100 mg
7.8
0.0
LS mean change (SE)
from baseline (%)
CANA 100 mg
1.2
0
12
18
26
36
44
52
12
18
26
CANA 100 mg
87.5
CANA 300 mg
85.9
GLIM
CANA 100 mg
86.9
CANA 300 mg
86.8
PBO
3
4
3,5-4,5 kg
1
2
3
4
6
0
12
18
26
93.5
0.5
1.0
2-2,5 kg
1.5
2.0
2.5
5
5
CANA 300 mg
93.5
0.0
LS mean change (SE)
from baseline (%)
2,5-3,5 kg
1
1
CANA 100 mg
86.6
3.0
0
12
18
26
36
44
K, et al ADA 2012; 81-OR. 2Cefalu WT, et al. ADA 2012; Poster #38-LB. 3Wilding J, et al. ADA 2012; Poster #1022-P. PBO, placebo;
CANA, canagliflozin; LS, least squares; SE, standard error; mITT, modified intent-to-treat; LOCF, last observation carried forward
52
12
18
26
Add-on to
Met vs. SU2
Add-on to
Met3
Add-on
to SU4
Add-on
to TZD5
48 week add-on
to insulin6
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
1Ferrannini
E, et al. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2217-2224; 2Nauck MA, et al. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2015-22; 3Bailey CJ, et al. Lancet 2010;375:2223-33;
K, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;13:928-38; 5Rosenstock J, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 [Abstract 0986-P];
6Wilding J, et al. Diabetes 2010;59 (Suppl 1):A21-A22 [Abstract 0078-OR].
4Strojek
Dapa 5 mg (N = 767)
Dapa 10 mg (N = 768)
Total
Colesterol
(mg/dL)
HDL
Colesterol
(mg/dL)
LDL
Colesterol
(mg/dL)
128 147
41
43
42
45
Ac grasos libres
en ayunas
(mEq/L)
n=
Trigliceridos,
Fasting (mg/dL)
Pbo (694)
Johnsson K et al. Diabetologia 2012;55(Suppl1)743-P; Ptaszynska et al. Safety of Dapagliflozin in Clinical trials for T2DM Poster 60 presented at Codhy
Barcelona, 2012;
50%
45.8%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
4.2%
0%
Nauck M, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 Abstract 40-LB.
Dapagliflozin
+ Metformin
Glipizide +
Metformin
Episodios hipoglucmicos
Patrn de episodios
hipoiglucmicos en relacin al
cambio de la HbA1c
DAPA
10 mg
Monotherapy*
(24 weeks)
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
Cambios en la HbA1c
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8
-0.9
DAPA: dapagliflozin; GLIP: glipizide; PLA: placebo; OAD: oral antidiabetic drug.
Rohwedder K, et al. 71st ADA Scientific Sessions, San Diego, 24-28 June, 2011 [Abstract 1042-P].
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
Add-on
to metformin
(102 weeks)
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
Add-on
to glimepiride
(48 weeks)
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
GLI
DAPA
Add-on to
vs.
insulin other
glipizide
OADS
(48 weeks)
(52 weeks)
PLA
DAPA
10 mg
GLI
DAPA
eGFR
category
Treatment
group
Number
of subjects
30 - <60*
Placebo
DAPA 2.5 mg
DAPA 5 mg
DAPA 10 mg
101
71
102
85
-0.23
-0.23
-0.39
(-0.50, 0.05)
(-0.47, 0.02)
(-0.65, -0.14)
Placebo
DAPA 2.5 mg
DAPA 5 mg
DAPA 10 mg
688
387
545
562
-0.47
-0.54
-0.54
(-0.58, -0.35)
(-0.65, -0.44)
(-0.64, -0.44)
Placebo
DAPA 2.5 mg
DAPA 5 mg
DAPA 10 mg
443
227
353
395
-0.49
-0.57
-0.69
(-0.63, -0.34)
(-0.70, -0.45)
(-0.81, -0.57)
60 - <90*
90*
-2
* mL/min/1.73 m2
Difference vs placebo
(Dapa-Placebo) with 95% CI
-1.5
-1
-0.5
DAPA better
95% CI
0.5
Placebo better
DAPA should not be used in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (eGFR < 45 [MDRD] or CrCl < 60 [Cockroft-Gault])
Pooled population of 9 studies: 2 monotherapy studies, 4 add-on studies (metformin, SU, TZD, insulin), 2 initial combination with metformin XR and DXA studies
(internal data) = 8 studies
Infecciones genitales
24 weeks
102 weeks
Patients (%)
10
8.2
8
6
4.8
2
0
1.3
0.9
Dapa 10mg
Placebo
Dapa 10mg
Placebo
102 weeks
Patients (%)
10
7.7
6.3
4.3
3.7
Dapa 10mg
Placebo
4
2
0
Dapa 10mg
Placebo
Control
Patient w/
Events
Dapa
Number of Patients
Dapa
4097
3826
Control 1850
1696
2767 2350
1197 1004
1532
622
1368
538
1062
415
Control
No. of
1st
Event
Event
Rate
48
1.13%
30
1.66%
CV death
0.19%
0.22%
MI
18
0.42%
18
1.00%
Stroke
11
0.26%
0.28%
Unstable
angina
11
0.26%
0.17%
585
233
Johnsson K et al. Diabetologia 2012;55(Suppl1)743-P; Ptaszynska et al. Safety of Dapagliflozin in Clinical trials for T2DM
Poster 60 presented at Codhy Barcelona, 2012;
DAPA=dapagliflozin
Empa 5mg
(n=81)
Empa 10 mg
(n=81)
Empa 25mg
(n=82)
Metformin
(n=80)
1.2
2.5
1.2
1.2
2.5
3.7
2.5
Source: Ferrannini E, et al. European Association for the Study of Diabetes, 2010 (Poster 877)
30
Mecanismo independiente de la
Insulina 3
Potencial prevencin de la
enfermedad microvascular 1
Disminucin de la glucotoxicidad2
SGLT2
Diuresis osmtica
Prdida de peso inicial2
Descenso de la Presin
sanguinea2
1Holman
RR, et al. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1577-89; 2Neumiller JJ. Drugs 2010;70:377-85; 3Lo MC, et al. Am J Ther 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
peso un 4%
ITUS e infecciones
genitales (4-8%)
No riesgo de cncer
PAS de 3 mmHg
y PAD de 2 mmHg
No nefro ni hepatotoxicidad
En contra
- Poca experiencia
- Seguridad ? ITUs
- No con FG<60
- Precio ?
- Potencia similar?
- /