THIRD FORM SUMMER REVISION

1. A student set up the following apparatus.

The colour of the liquids inside and outside the visking tubing were recorded at the start and again
after 30 minutes. The table shows the results.

At start
After 30 minutes

(a)

Apparatus A
colour of starch
colour of iodine
milky
yellow
dark blue
yellow

colour of starch
milky

Apparatus B
colour of iodine
yellow
yellow

Explain why the starch in apparatus A changed colour.

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(b)

Why did the iodine in apparatus A and B not change colour?

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(c) (i)

What would be the colour of the starch in apparatus B after 30 minutes.

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(ii) Explain your answer.
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2. The diagram below shows two solutions which have been placed in a glass beaker. They are separated by a
partially permeable membrane. In compartment A there is a concentrated sucrose solution. In compartment B there
is an equal volume of distilled water.
A

- Sucrose
- Water molecule

(a)

Draw an arrow on the diagram to show which direction you would expect water molecules to move
i.e from A to B or from B to A.
[1]

(b)

What is this movement of water molecules called?

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[1]

(c)

Give ONE example of this process occurring in the human body.

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[1]
The table below describes two types of transport of substances across the cell membrane.

(d)

Place a tick () or cross (X) in the boxes to show whether the statements are true or false.
The first one has been done for you.

Requires energy
Molecules always move from a high
concentration to a lower concentration
Molecules can move from a lower to a
higher concentration, against the
concentration gradient

Diffusion
X

Active transport

[4]
(e)

Give ONE biological example of diffusion and ONE biological example of active transport.
Diffusion.
.
Active Transport..
.
[2]
TOTAL / 9

3. The diagram shows a small part of an alveolus and a blood capillary.

w a l l o f a lv e o lu s

w a ll o f b lo o d c a p illa r y
f ilm o f m o is t u r e

(a)

In which organ are alveoli found?

(1 mark, 1 line)
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b)

Where, on this diagram, is the concentration of oxygen greatest?

(1 mark, 1 line)
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(c)

Where, on this diagram, is the concentration of carbon dioxide greatest?

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(d)

Explain how oxygen passes from the air in the alveolus into the blood.
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(e)

Give three ways in which the structure of the alveoli makes them well adapted
for the exchange of gases.
(3 marks, 3 lines)
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4. A student carried out an experiment to find out if plants need light to make starch.
The diagram shows what the student did.

C h lo r o p h y ll

P la n t r e m o v e d f r o m c u p b o a r d
a n d a lu m in iu m f o il p la c e d o n
o n e o f le a v e s

N o c h lo r o p h y ll
V a r ie g a t e d p o t p la n t
p la c e d in d a r k
c u p b o ard fo r 2 d ay s
S ta g e 1
Stage
1
SStage
t a g e 22

P la n t k e p t i n
s u n lig h t f o r 6
h o u rs

L e a f a f t e r t e s t in g f o r s t a r c h

S t a g3e 3
Stage

F o il r e m o v e d a n d
le a f t e s t e d f o r
s ta rc h
S t a g e4 4
Stage
SStage
t a g e 55

(a)

Why was the potted plant kept in a dark cupboard for 48 hours?
(1 mark, 1 line)
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b)

Why did the student cover part of one of the leaves with aluminium foil?
(1 mark, 1 line)
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(c)

Stage 5 shows three areas on the leaf: A, B and C.

Write down the colours these areas would be stained after testing for starch.
(3 marks, 3 lines)
B
C
A ..............................................................................................................................................................[3]

lamp

5. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis of a water
plant. The diagram below shows the apparatus used.

(a)

Suggest how you ensure that the plant had a good supply of carbon dioxide?
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) (i)

Which gas is given off by the plant?

....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) How could you test for this gas?
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(c)

How could you prevent the heat from the lamp affecting the experiment?
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(d)

How would you use this apparatus to investigate the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate
of photosynthesis?
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6. The table shows the changes in the amount of sugar in the leaves of the same plant over a period of 1 day.
Time of day
6 am
10 am
2 pm
6 pm
10 pm
2 am
(a)

Amount of sugar in
leaves
(%)
0.3
no data
1.9
1.3
0.8
0.4

On the grid below plot a line graph of these figures.

(3 marks, space for grid)
2
1.8

am ount of sugar
(%)

1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
6:00 AM

10:00 AM

2:00 PM

6:00 PM

10:00 PM

2:00 AM

time of day

(b) (i) At what time of day was the amount of sugar at a maximum?
(1 mark, 1 line)
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(ii) Give a reason for this.
(3 marks, 3 lines)
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(c)

Why does the sugar level fall between 6 pm and 6 am?

(4 marks, 4 lines)
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7. A student investigated the effect of mineral ions on the growth of plants.

The diagram shows the apparatus used.

Four tubes were set up identical to the one shown.

Tube 1 contained all mineral ions.
Tube 2 contained all mineral ions except nitrate.
Tube 3 contained all mineral ions except potassium.
Tube 4 contained all mineral ions except phosphate.

(a)

Tube A allowed air to be bubbled at intervals through the culture solution.

What was the purpose of this?
(2 marks, 2 lines)
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(b)

Suggest a reason why was the glass tube covered with black paper.
(2 marks, 2 lines)
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(c)

Suggest one way of measuring the growth of the plant.

(1 mark, 1 line)
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(d)

After 4 weeks, the plants were removed and examined.

The plant from tube 1 showed normal healthy growth. The plants in the other tubes showed
symptoms of mineral deficiencies.
Describe the appearance of the plant in
(i)

tube 2.
(2 marks, 2 lines)

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(ii) tube 3.
(2 marks, 2 lines)
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(iii) tube 4.
(2 marks, 2 lines)
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8. The graph below shows the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis in
an aquatic plant.

50
B

40
rate of photosynthesis/
arbitrary units

30
A

20
10
0
0

0.04

0.08

0.12

0.16

0.20

concentration of carbon dioxide %

(a)

Explain why the rate of photosynthesis increases from point A to B on the graph.
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(b)

Explain why the rate of photosynthesis remains the same between points B and C on the graph.
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(c)

As a result of burning fossil fuels, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased in
this country.
Suggest how this might lead to,
(i)

increased food production

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(ii) decreased food production in some areas.
culture solution

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black paper

bung

9. An enzyme extracted from the stomach breaks down protein. Boiled egg white is made mainly of protein. A
student carried
out an investigation into the effects of temperature activity of this enzyme. The student set up six test
cotton wool
tubes each containing the same concentration of enzyme and hydrochloric acid. Each tube was placed in a water
bath at a different temperature. All the tubes were left in the water bath for 5 minutes. A cube of egg white of the
same size was added to each of the tubes. The time taken for the cube of egg white to disappear in each tube was
recorded. The diagram below shows the six test tubes and the results.

5 cm3 enzyme
+ 3 cm3 acid

Temperature of
contents/ oC
Time for cube of egg
white to disappear
(a) (i)

20

30

40

50

60

70

14

10

12

did not
disappear

did not
disappear

Describe the pattern shown by these results.

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(ii) At which temperature did the enzyme work best?
(b) (i)

[1]

Why was hydrochloric acid added to each tube?

....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Suggest why the tubes were left in a water bath for 5 minutes before adding the cube of egg white.
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(c) (i)

Explain why the cube of egg white disappeared.

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o
o
(ii) Suggest
plant why the protein was not digested in the tubes kept at 60 C and 70 C.

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10. The table shows the daily nutrient needs of children of different ages
tube A

Nutrient
Fat /g
Protein /g
Calcium /mg
Iron /mg

(a)

Boy aged 5 -11

66 - 85
30 - 65
700
10

Mass of nutrient needed per day

Girl aged 5 -11 Boy aged 12 -16
60 - 75
75
30 - 65
80 - 100
700
500
10
8

Girl aged 12 - 16
70
75 - 90
500
10

A 9 - year old boy needs 10 mg of iron per day. Calculate the percentage change in the daily mass
airsame boy is 14 years old. Show your working
of iron needed when the

[3]
(3 marks, space)
(b)

The daily mass of iron needed by boys changes as they get older but the mass of iron needed by girls
does not change. Suggest and explain one reason why.
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(c) (i) Describe the pattern shown in the need for calcium of children of different ages
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(ii)

Give one explanation for this pattern.

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(d) (i) Explain why boys and girls aged 12 - 16 need more protein than boys and girls aged 5 - 11.
....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why boys aged 12 - 16 need more protein than girls of the same age.
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(e)

A boy of 16 has a greater mass than a boy of 11. The energy requirement of the boy aged 16 is less than that
of the boy age 11. Suggest an explanation
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11. A student carried out an investigation into the digestion of fat in milk. The student set up 5 test tubes containing
the substances shown in the table 1. The indicator changes from blue in alkaline conditions to colourless in acid
conditions.
TABLE 1
Test tube number
Contents of tube
1
Milk
3.0 ml
Indicator
1.0 ml
Enzyme
1.0 ml
Distilled water
1.0 ml
Alkali solution
0.0 ml
Temperature of tube (oC)
35

(a)

2
3.0 ml
1.0 ml
1.0 ml
0.9 ml
0.1 ml
35

3
3.0 ml
1.0 ml
1.0 ml
0.8 ml
0.2 ml
35

4
3.0 ml
1.0 ml
1.0 ml
0.6 ml
0.4 ml
35

5
3.0 m
1.0 ml
0.0 ml
1.5 ml
0.5 ml
35

Which tube would be:

(i)

most alkaline? [1]

(ii) least alkaline? [1]

(b)

Why were the 5 test tubes kept at the same temperature?

....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c)

Tube 5 did not contain any enzyme. Why was this tube set up?
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(d)

Table 2 shows the times taken for the indicator in each test tube to become colourless.
Test tube number
Time for indicator to
become colourless (minutes)

(i)

1
22.1

TABLE 2
2
7.8

3
4.5

4
16.5

5
No
change

Name the type of enzyme used in this investigation.

....................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why the indicator changes from blue to colourless.
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........................................................................................................................[2]
(iii) In a second investigation, the student set up test tube 3 again but added bile salts to the tube. The indicator
changed colour in 2.5 minutes. Explain why.
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