O n the cover, the Gicheru famil y,

members of the Kiku yu tribe in the

Mount Kenya region near Laikipi a.
With help from CIP and th e Kenya n
Agri cul tura! Resea rch lnstitute
(KARI), prod ucti on of seed potatoes
has beco me a lifeline for thi s family.
Photos by Alej andro Balaguer
from Potato: Treasure o f the A ndes,
a forth co ming publi cation of th e
ln te rn ati onal Potato Center.

INTERNATIONAL POTATO CENTER

ANNUAL REPORT
1

In 1999, we dec ided to mark the passage of CIP and the Consultative Group on lnternational
Agricultura! Research (C GIAR) into the new millennium by ce lebrating the potato: its origin
and domestication in th e Andes, its ro le in globa l food systems, and its promise for the future.
A ful ly i llu strated book with texts by outstanding hi storians, scientists, and journalists wi ll
se rve as a spec ial commemorative complem entto this yea r's annual report to ou r stakeholders.
This annual report w ill therefore be more conc ise than in the past, summari.zing research
high li ghts and provid in g a descr ipt(on of the financia! and administrative standing of the
Center in 1999. We trust that our readers wi ll enjoy the visua l and conceptu al ce lebration
of the potato, w hich w ill be ava il able later this year.

1nternational Potato Center

Av. La Universidad 795 La Molina
P.O. Box 1558
Lima 12, Peru
E-mail: cip@cgiar.org
Online at: www.cipotato.org

CIP. 2000.
CIP in 1999.
lnternational Patato Center Annual Report.
Lima, Peru.

ISSN 0256-6311
Press run: 2500
May 2000

ln side matter printed on recycled paper

Gathering Forces to Meet Change

Research Overview

lntegrated Disease Management: From the Lab to the Land

Eradicating Childhood Blindness in Africa: The Promise of Orange-Flesh

Sweetpotatoes

11

Roots and Tubers in the Global Food System: A Vision Statement to 2020

12

In Brief

13

Board of Trustees

14

Donor Contributions

15

Finances

16

Selected Publications

18

Training Highlights

22

Research Partners

24

Staff in 1999

28

Global Contact Points

32

The CGIAR

34

Th e passage into the year 2000 has brought w ith it-not coincidenta ll y-a new vision of th e f. loba l problem
of hunger. The central role of poverty-how it defines a hou seho ld's access to food and how .I~ limits a
community's options for improved prod ucti vity and eco nomi c growth-has become ever morr evident. At
the sa me time, it has become c lea r that th ere is no single means of resol vin g thi s most basi c of human
prob lems. The so lutions mu st be ho listic and fl ex ibl e, w ith mu ltip le components and parti c ipJnts. To be
effective, th ey mu st address every sphere of human activ ity: th e sc ientifi c, th e pol iti cal, th e e onomi c, th e
soc ial, and the cul tural.
In developing o ur 1998- 2000 M edium-Term Pl an, we narrowed th e geograph ic scope of CIP s direct
program invo lvement. Prio riti es we re assign ed to co nstraint-based resea rch according to the .xpected
benefits in th e poo rest cou ntries or reg ions, w ith improvements in the remai nder of the deve l ~p ing countries
co nsidered as sp ill over. Th e appropri ateness of thi s strong poverty orien tation was confirmed
ou r major
financia! stakeholders increas ingly manifested th eir concern th at CGIAR resea rch should pro ide- first and
fo remost-benefits to the poor. CIP, in thi s way, has fo rged a seamless comb in atio n of appro ches: a global
resea rch program addressing strateg ic research needs has been directly ali gned w ith loca l, o -th e-ground
responses to opportuniti es and co nstraints in the areas w here poverty has th e strongest ho ld.

rs

Wh il e CIP gathered forces to move forwa rd w ith th e chall enges ahead, events in 1999 di stin g ished it as a
1
year of co ntrasts. On th e on e han d, we saw new globa l proj ections give substance to w hat m ny of us had
been arguing for sorn e tim e: root and tuber crops have not rece ived the attention they merit im th e spectrum
of intern ationa l agri culture research. The j o int IFPRl- CIP publi catio n Raats and Tubers far th 27" Century:
Trends, Projectians, and Palicy Optians fa r Develaping Countries summ ari zes th e new data: [' Proj ections
suggest that globa l dema nd for roots and tubers w ill increase by 50 perce nt between 1993 anti 2020 to reach
927 million metri c tons, with 95 percent of th e in crease in util ization occurrin g in the deve lo ing w orld .
Sub-Saharan Afr ica alone w ill account for mo re than tw o-fifths of the increase in demand ." T ese proj ectio ns
have direct im p li catio ns for CIP's mandate crops (see p. 12). In deve loping cou ntri es, th e in c ease in demand
1
for potato is projected at almost 11 O percent; fo r sweetpotato, growth in demand is expected to be over 33
percent.
Recent stu dies have already shown th ese trends in action. Average annu al growth rates in po ato producti on
d urin g 1985- 87 to 1995-97 in Ecuador (2 perce nt) and Peru (3.7 perc ent) were substanti all y higher than in
previo us decades. In developing countries as a who le, growth rates in potato production ne ly doub led over
the past 20 yea rs, w hile the rates fo r other major commod ities- suc h as maize, w heat, and ri , e-s lowed. As
potato output surged in Asia, sweetpotato continued to hold its gro und, parti cul arl y in Chin a, w here these
crops' co ntribu tions to local diets (potato) and use as an imal feed (sweetpotato) have taken o remarkabl e
d imensions.
As we wi tnessed the reaffirm ati on of the importance of o ur mandate crops in globa l food syst ms, however,
1
we were confronted w ith sudden cuts in fin anc ing that may limit the scope of CIP's co ntribut'ons in helping
these crops ac hi eve th eir fu ll potenti al. By no mea ns have roots and tubers been singled out i the trend of
reduced fundin g for international agricultura! researc h. Their already low relati ve pos iti on on the sca le of
globa l prioriti es, however, has made the reductions, w hi c h were fe lt by all , more c ritica!.
In 1999 , CIP's income dropped by 9 percent (see p. 16). Thi s was the most drastic in a series of reduction s
that, sin ce 1998, have resulted in restrictions of th e Center's resea rch program, pa rticularl y for potato. Faced
w ith this dil emm a, CIP management decided to meet th e probl em head-on , makin g ca refu ll y cons idered cuts
and rapid restru cturin g dec isio ns. Thi s meant trimming an already lean Center eve n further b reduc ing staff
in regio nal offi ces and at headqu arters, particula rl y in the areas of market resea rc h, breeding, in sect pest
managem ent, tru e potato seed, and admini stration.
Other changes d id not invo lve reduction, bu t rather co nso lidation. We commi ssioned two e tern al reviews
to analyze Center-w ide activ ities in natural resou rce management and partic ipatory resea rc h and to boost
the ir effecti veness and integrati on. Linkage to th e CG IAR Organ izatio nal Change Program h e ~ped us to refin e
CIP's strateg ies, particularl y in the area of know ledge management (see p. 13), and to give a ded momentum
to our growin g emphasis on tea m-building for research man agement and mo nitorin g. Linkag s to the CGIAR
Gender and D iversity Program also opened pathways for fin e-tuning the orga ni zat io n and en ur in g that
eq uity is not lost to efficiency.

-4

Despite the general restri cti ons experi enced in 1999, th ere were areas of growth that reflected ongo ing
co nfide nce in CIP's capabiliti es for managing research . We were entrusted w ith the coordination of the
CG IAR System-w ide lnitiati ve fo r Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture (see p. 13), an activity that conso lid ates
th e co ll ect ive knowledge of th e CGIAR to coord inate and conduct research that could have a direct impact
o n th e li ves of urban and peri -urban popu lations. Our late-bli ght researc h program co ntinued to grow- with
adva nces th at included th e deployment of durably resistant vari eties and th e sp read of th e Farmer Field
Schoo l progra m to Asia and Afri ca. The G loba l lnitiative on Late Bli ght (www.c ipotato.org/g il b.htm) proved
its va lue as conveno r of a w ide range of ca pabilities and interests behind one major resea rch th eme. O n the
mo lecul ar fro nt, we continued to adva nce w ith fingerprinting and th e characteri zation of germp lasm and
di seases. The great adaptability of CIP's crops to emergency situation s all owed us to con tinu e to provide
too ls to rebuild agriculture in th e wa ke of Hurricane M itch and El N io- and to respond to ca ll s for urge nt
support from North Korea. CIP's strateg ies and methods fo r disease detection and control pl aced vital too ls in
resea rchers' and fa rmers' hands worldw ide, whi le breeding and IPM work helped rea lize sweetpotato's
potenti al as a so urce of food, feed, and raw material for indu stri al products. Perh aps more important, CIP
helped confirm sweetpotato's promi se in fi ghting vitamin A defi c ienc ies in sub-Saharan Afric a, thanks to the
dep loyment of new va ri eties ri ch in beta-carotene (see p. 11 ).
In the area of natura l resource manage ment (NRM), CIP narrowed its focus to a few principal researc h
objectives related to th e And ea n mountain reg io n: identify ing susta inab le commodity management and landuse systems, protecting watersheds, and maintaining crop biodi versity (see p. 8). Several NRM resea rch
products are now being tested in deve lopment-oriented applications impl emented by orga ni zati o ns in the
reg io n. Thi s concurs w ith CIP's NRM researc h approach, w hi ch emphas izes th e participation of members of
CONDESAN, the Co nsortium fo r Sustai nabl e Deve lopment of th e Andean Eco-reg ion
(www.co ndesa n.org) an d the empowerm ent of comm unity- leve l dec ision-makers.
lnfoAnd in a, the Latin American and Ca ribbea n node of th e Mountain Forum
(www.mtnfor um. org), plays an in creas in gly impo rtant rol e in generating the
parti c ipation of these stakeholders by providi ng forums for information exc hange,
conferences, trainin g, and project and consortium management.
CONDESA N and CIP have also supported the Governm ents of Peru and other A ndea n
countries in th eir preparations fo r the ce lebration of the Year of the Mou ntain, 2002.
Thi s yearlong series of globa l events w ill prov ide a unique opportunity to increase th e
profil e of mounta in regio ns world w ide, drawing attenti on to th e need to co unter the
poverty and margin ality that all too often characterize mountain popu lation s. lt w ill
also foster understanding of the cru c ial rol e of mountains in safeguard ing water
resources as we ll as cultural and b io log ica l diversity, both of wh ich are vital elements
fo r fu tu re ge nerat ions.
C.

ATALA YA

CIP rece ived another vote of confi dence when Bolivia, Canada, Ecuado r, and Egypt-with the FAO and the
UNDP as w itnesses-s igned a new agreeme nt recognizing the Center's new lega l statu s asan internationa l
orga ni zation (see p. 13). Thi s was fo ll owed by th e sign ing of a new host-country agreement w ith Peru . These
agreements w ill greatly facilitate CIP' s operati ons world w ide.
A li of th ese accomplishments provi de evidence of CIP's determin ation to rid e w ith a
fast-paced agenda and to contin ue to deli ver. At the same t ime, the Center aims to
quick ly rega in so l id finan cia! hea lth and ac hieve a leve! of fund in g that w ill enable
potato, sweetpotato, and oth er roots and tubers to contribute more to the globa l food
bas ket. Thi s is a tim e of change for CIP, and fo r the CGIAR system and inte rn ation al
agricultura! researc h as a w ho le. Desp ite th e challenges that arise, CIP has
demon strated th at- like its crops and the ir native mountain eco log ies- it is versati le,
it is res ili ent, and its full potential has yet to be tapped.

Hubert Zandstra
Director General

5 -

CIP's project-based research management approach, which devolv d decisionmaking to CIP project teams, marked its second year in 1999. The new
approach gave project leaders greater knowledge of day-to-day op rations
and-through their interaction with colleagues at national research
organizations in developing countries-provided a natural mechanism for
bringing CIP's research partners (see p. 24) into the process at an ekrly stage.
Sp,ce doe> not pecmd' thocough de>ec;paon of ' "

' mpfied f,,gment length polymocp i, m (AFLP)

of CIP's research achievements during 7999-which

will be published in detail in the 7999- 2000
Program Report. The most significant results,
summarized below, show the progress CIP has
made in meeting the research milestones
established as Center goals far the 7998-2000
period.

linkage map was deve loped far an ir portant African

traditional culti var, and transgeni c p ants have been
produ ced th at express th e soybea n t~ypsin-inhibitor
1
gene, w hich may provide res istance to th e
sweetpotato weev il-th e crop 's mos damagin g pest
w orld w ide.

Sweetpotato: A Sleeping Ciant

Recent upd ates in commodity anal ys is show th e
c rop recovering sorn e of th e glory it lost w ith the
demise of its rol e as a faod suppl ement during
World W ar 11. Gl obal produ cti on has in creased
steadil y over th e past fi ve yea rs, and CIP's recent
anal ysi s (see rel ated publicati o n on p. 20) indi cates
th at in the near future sweetpotato w ill contribute
more to the global faod system as a source of starch
and animal feed in Asia. lt w ill also grow in
importance as a source of vitamin A in Afri ca. The
Center has desi gned specifi c materials to meet th ese
o bjecti ves in both ta rget markets .
Our w ork with commercial processors indicates th at
dry-m atter increases of 25 percent or more w ill
pl ace sweetpotato in a hi ghly competiti ve positi on
against majar sources of cerea l-based starch and
animal feed . Breeding far hi gh dry-matter content in
sweetpotatoes has been very successful at CIP.
lmproved germpl asm that produ ces sweetpotatoes
w ith 38 percent dry matter (versus th e typi ca l dry
matter leve l below 30 percent) and di sease
resistance has been distributed and is now used in
national breeding program s or evalu ated o n its own.
Tw enty-one pro mi sin g clon es are currentl y being
tested in fa rm trial s, and a group of hi gh dry-matter
and root-rot nematode-resi stant clon es deve loped
by CIP in Indones ia are being used w idely by
Chin ese breeding program s. CIP partne rs have also
releas<?d a new cultivar in Indi a.
These breeding programs have also been successful
in in corporatin g mo lecular methods . The first

-6

Postharvest utilization of sweetpota t<D in A sia centers

on th e increased use of starch, fl our, and v ines far
anim al feed as w ell as new uses fa r resh roots. An
improved procedure far processing he starch of
sweetpotato roots has been deve lo ped, and a new
process far ferm enting sweetpotato in es has
increased protein content by 21 per ' ent w hil e
redu c ing costs by half.

The most si gnifi ca nt outco me, h ow~ er, is th e

successful use of sweetpotato to ad ress vitamin A
defi c iency in sub-Sahara n Africa (se p. 11 ). M arket
researc h indi cates th at, w ith th e ri g~ t texture and
fl avor, oran ge-fl esh sweetpotatoes a e acceptable to
sub-Saharan Afr ica n consumers and can provide
beta-carotene, th e di etary precurso r far vitamin A
produ ction. These varieties will be ade more
attracti ve to African fa rm ers by incorporatin g
res istan ce to weevi Is.
Thi s market-o ri ented breeding work is accompanied
by importan t improvements in cro p man agement
designed to further redu ce product crost. CIP is
coll aborating in a global project to Jtud y
sweetpotato decline ca used by viru es. CIP has
supplied viru s antibodies as well as limproved NCMELISA detecti on kits (see p. 21 ) to wrldw ide
co l labo rators to ensure th e use of C<D nsistent
tec hniques.
1
Thi s work is stimulated by the outstandin g results
achieved in co ll aborati ve work w itH Chinese
co ll eagues, w hi ch indi cated a subs ntial eco nomic
impact from th e diffu sio n of v iru s-fr~e sweetpotato
pl antin g materi al in Sh andong Provi nce. Between
1994 and 1998, this materi al was d 1ssemin ated to

about 80 percent of the province's total sweetpotato

area. Since then, the material has also been
distributed in other important sweetpotatoproducing provinces in China. As a result of this
work, sweetpotato yield in China has increased by
30 percent (versus 3 percent worldwide). The
estimated interna! rate of return for this research and
extension program is 202 percent, with a net
present value of US$550 million.
lmportant results have been gleaned from CIP's IPM
research in Cuba, Uganda, and Indonesia.
lmplementation of biological control-based
integrated pest management (IPM) of the
sweetpotato weevil in Cuba decreased storage root
damage from more than 50 percent to less than 5
percent, while increasing yield by 30 percent.
Results from a pilot project in Uganda indicated that
farmers will only adopt IPM components if they
generate short-term cash income. And monitoring
and evaluation activities in Indonesia showed the
potential impact of Farmer Field Schools for IPM of
sweetpotatoes (see related training materials, p. 21 ).
Preliminary results indicate increased net return due
to higher yields and lower production costs. Results
will be validated in 2000.
Controlling Potato Late Blight
Late blight of potato is a devastating disease
worldwide. In developing countries, the lack of a
winter period and the continuous presence of host
plants create the ongoing disease pressure belied in
late blight's name. Disease onset can be immediate
after emergence. Under these conditions, the
disease does not spread from isolated infection
points, as in Europe and North America, but
emanates en masse over large areas, moving ata
devastating speed. Resource-poor farmers in East
Africa, South and East Asia, and the Andean region
are least likely to be able to afford the inputs
necessary to control the disease with fungicide.
Reaching and helping these farmers is the objective
of CIP's late blight project. The strategy is to fight
the disease by providing farmers and extensionists
with control practices that can be customized for
local conditions.
CIP is also developing and distributing potato
germplasm with long-lasting resistance against all
forms of the pathogen, learning more about th e
pathogen itself, and working directly with farmers to
help them understand the disease (see p. 9). In
1999, CIP's resistant potato clones were distributed
to many countries and performed well. Three late
blight- resistant CIP-based varieties were released in
Uganda and two in Peru.

CIP scientists also made significant progress in 1999

in the use of molecular tools to identify new sources
of resistance and to facilitate transfer of the
resistance to acceptable clones. At least one gene
that may confer resistance has been isolated in a
related species and cloned for creating transgenic
plants carrying the resistance.
lncreased knowledge of the late blight pathogen's
ecology and evolution-gained through
epidemiological and genetic studies in Latin
America and Africa-is offering greater
understanding of its newer forms as well as its
emerging resistance to fungicide. This knowledge is
critica! in determining which control components
should be used at each particular site.
Farmers are benefiting directly from CIP's efforts
through the establishment of Farmer Field Schools,
which were launched in seven countries in 1999
and now reach hundreds of farmers and their
families. Farmers learn what causes late blight, a
disease that is often attributed to excessive rainfall,
sun, or mystical causes. They learn how to
recognize the disease in its early stages and how to
choose and use the best control methods for their
local conditions. In the process, they further
research progress by providing new information to
scientists.
lntegrated Control of Bacteria! Wilt
The ELISA kit developed in 1998 to detect the
bacteria! wilt bacterium in potato tubers has been
distributed to 24 countries, where it is used for seed
certification and for quarantine and research
purposes to support integrated disease management.
In Southwest Asia, Farmer Field Schools are being
u sed to orient farmers to aspects of i ntegrated
disease management for control of bacteria! wilt
and production of good quality seed. More than
200 farmers have attended the schools. The
improved ELISA diagnostic tool (see related training
materials on p. 21) also allowed increased emphasis
in 1999 on characterizing germplasm for possible
resistance. In Peru, 57 advanced clones were
identified as having sorne resistance to bacteria! wilt
as well as desirable agronomic features. Eleven
clones had less than 20 percent tuber latent
infection. In wild species, accessions of 4 out of 8
species found to be resistant to wilt (5. acaule, 5.
circaeifolium, 5. limbaniense, and 5. sawyeri) did
not harbar the bacteria in plant stems after
greenhouse inoculation with race 3 of the pathogen.

7-

Control of Potato Viruses

M any years of cooperation with Th e Sainsbury

Laboratory (Norw ich, U K) have laid the fram ework
for improving clonal seed for resource-poor fa rm
co mmunities. A gene for resistance to potato vi ru s Y
has been located, iso lated , and cloned for in serting
into potato varieties through transformation. The Ry
gene-known as the " resistan ce gene"-is unique in
th at it is naturall y occ urrin g in a spec ies close ly
related to potato. A si mi lar gene fo r res istance to
potato v iru s X (PVX) has already been transferred to
PVX-susceptible va ri eties throu gh transformation.
Th ese va rieti es are now being eva lu ated to see if
th eir res istan ce is sufficient to protect them aga in st
the viru s. Thi s deve lop ment is of particular interest
to poor farmers who depend on loca lly prod uced or
stored seed tubers. V i rus resistance w i 11 fortify these
clonal seed sources and enable them to maintain
res istance in th e yea rs ahead. Thi s wo rk may also
reduce the need for seed produ cers to migrate to
upper watershed areas in attempts to avoid the vi ru s
vectors. Such an effect would help protect importa nt
water-regul atin g mountain eco logies in tropi ca l
regions.
True Potato Seed (TPS)

Stable and consiste n! true potato seed hybrid s are

now ava ilabl e and being tested in many parts of the
wor ld. TPS offers altern ati ves to fa rm ers without
access to conventional high-qu ality seed tubers. lt is
also being used more and more as a rapid response
tech nology for d isaster mitigation and food
production. In 1999, for example, CIP provided TPS
on an emergen cy basis to North Korea and to the
Ca ribbean countries devastated by Hurricane Mitch.
Unl ike conventional seed tubers, TPS can be
shipped easily and in small vo lumes, and
management tec hniques can be taught quickl y to
fa rmers. Rapid food production is the result. CIP
anti cipates th at th e use of TPS for disaster mitigation
and recove ry w ill in crease .
Natural Resources and the Environment

CIP's wo rk in natural resources and the environment

has focused on a few main objectives: developin g
tools for improving watersh ed analys is and th e
eva lu ation and planning of land-u se system s;
identifyi ng the role of crop-li vestock system s;
limiting damage from seed production and chem ica l
pest co ntrol in hi gh- mountain eco log ies; and
developing tec hn o logies, poli cies, and approaches
for enterpri se development in market-oriented
production and post-production activities. In the

-8

commodity area, this foc us leads to rigorous

resea rch in the area of cro p biod iver ity to reduce
dependence on toxi c chemicals for rop production
and to exp lore th e potential use of bio log ica l
processes for crop management. In general, CIP's
natural resource management (NRM)j wo rk stresses
th e development and appl ication of oo ls that
identify th e potenti al to reduce losse and protect
the qu ality of the resource base (see RM at CIP at
www.c ipotato.org/p roj ects/nrm.htm).
In 1999, our work in the Andes contin ued to
deve lop minimum data sets to improye natural
resource conservation in the And es, n approach
that has been welcomed by natural resource
management experts. In addition, tw software
prototypes for integrated assessment of
agroecosystems were developed: a ~ecisi o n-support
system fo r agriculture (the "trad eoff model " ) and an
integrated multi sca le assess ment sys k m
("S IMSRIG ") based on GIS, remote s nsing, and
process-based models. The main co~strai nts related
to productivity, poverty reduction , arld the use of
natural resources in CON DESAN 's b~nchmark siles
were identified. As a part of CONDEEiAN's systems
1
approach, quinoa varieti es with tole ance to frost
and drought in Andean production sr.stems were
deve loped . Further progress was madle in identifyin g
commerc ial markets fo r processed A hdean root and
tuber produ cts such as arracac ha sw~ets and freezedri ed o lluco.
1
In the area of conservation and character ization of
potato ge netic resources, CIP's effortk to co llect and
safeguard Solanum species continue j(see Las Papas
de Sudamrica, p. 20) w ith 1 7 prev i<Dus ly
un ava il ab le taxa of Peruvian Solanur co ll ected in
1999. In co nservation wo rk, biodi vers ity surveys in
communities in central Peru indi cat a serious
problem w ith geneti c erosion of nati l e potato
cultivars. Communal seed banks are now bein g
establ ished to stem th e eros ion. Cha acterization
and eva lu ation of native genetic m a erials
continues. Twen ty-three potato culti va rs were
identi fied as " drought-adaptive" and l 15 native
potato cultivars were identified as having des irabl e
cu 1i nary qual ities.
Outlook for 2000

There is no doubt that the research nighli ghted

above is c losely in line with th e mil stones CIP set
1
for its 17 projects. While we expect urther
adjustment and consolidation in our research
program during 2000, the results described above
lay a so l id foundation fo r app lying t chn o logical
change at the community leve l.

Rebecca Ne/son is a molecular biologist who

studies the population structure of the pathogen that
causes late blight on patato, and the genetics of
plant defense. She leads CIP's project on late blight,
and her interest in integrated disease management
has /ed her to be increasingly invo/ved in
1
'downstream" activities such as farmer education
and participatory research.
Ne/son spent the month of February 2000 in the
village of Baos de Qui/cate, in San Miguel
province in the northern Peruvian department of
Cajamarca.
Baos de Qui/cate is one of 73 communities in the
province in which CIP and CARE-Peru are
collaborating on pilot Farmer Field Schools (FFS) far
patato growers. Biweekly sessions combine learning
activities with experiments conducted by farmers on
issues of concern to them. The schools a/so serve as
proving grounds far promising new patato varieties.
CIP has recently teamed up with other research and
extension organizations to launch FFS programs in
seven countries-Bangladesh, Bolivia, China,
Ecuador, Ethiopia, Peru, and Uganda.

fungicide treatments required by three of the four

experiments. But by dividing the work that way, the
farmers lost track of the point of the experiments.
Each group should have been in charge of a single
experiment, following it through the entire season,
instead of taking responsibility for an isolated aspect
of three.
lt might seem like a small point, but a decision
made on the basis of convenience was undermining
the farmers' experience. 1 was able to call it to the
attention of the facilitators, and help them get things
back on track. lt's critically important that the
farmers understand why they're doing the
experiments. The whole point is for them to take
their findings and use them to make good decisions
in their own fields.

Q. So much must depend on the extension workers.

A. They are real ly he roes. The ti me, the effort, the
energy, the risks that they take-it' s i ns pi ri ng. San
Miguel is a large area, and the roads went from bad
to worse during the time we were there. lt was
raining every day, and the fog and mud were
incredible. Just to arrive ata community ata given
time can be a huge feat. 1 have a very high regard
for people working day in and day out under those
conditions.

Nelson's hands-on experience with FFS began in

7994, when she worked at the lnternational Rice
Research lnstitute (IRRI) in the Philippines. She
joined CIP in 7996, determined to test the FFS
approach in patato. Below, she talks about what she
learned during her month in the field.

And this is ali new to them. They are trained in

traditional extension work, and what we're trying do
in the field schools is different. We've al 1 had to
learn a lot.

Q. Why did you decide to spend a month in the

Q. Your training is as a laboratory scientist. Why are

mountains?
A. For the last three years my col leagues and 1 have
been making short visits to the area during the field
school season. But those trips have a high
transaction cost. You spend a lot of time traveling
for a little time in the field, and even then, you only
get to see the most accessible sites. So you end up
with an idealized view. 1 felt it was important to see
the unabridged, unedited version.

you so involved in the field schools?

A. My research is on plants and pathogens. Those
are two legs of the so-called "disease triangle." The
third leg is environment, and people are a huge part
of that. In fact, when 1 draw the triangle, 1 always
put people right in the middle. No matter what the
problem is, farmers are the key to the solution.

Q. Were you pleased with what you saw?

A. Very much so. Of course, there are always things
that could stand improvement. 1 had time not just to
observe, but to help implem ent sorne changes.
That's a rare luxury.

Q. What sorts of changes?

A. One example has to do with the way the fi eld
experiments were being conducted. The farmers
always work in teams. To make thin gs less
complicated, the facilitators had decided to
organi ze those teams according to the diffe rent

S. GAMBOA

~Q.:>Nc.,~~

~tv\~~J
not th e end of th e story. Res istan ce has a long
hi story of breakin g dow n ove r tim e. arm ers have to
know how to react if a crop they tho ght w as
res istant suddenl y beg ins to show sigr s of a disease
attack, and they have to have altern atives fo r the
next season.
A good thing about the FFS approach is th at fa rm ers
ca n dec ide w hat th ey wa nt to kn ow, and design
experim ents to provide answers. lt's li beratin g
meth odo logy in th at sense.

Q. How did th e farmers in th e San Miguel area

Q. What are the most impo rtant gaps in fa rm ers'

respond to late b li ght before they bega n takin g part

in the field schoo ls?
A. One response was to stop p lantin g at all in the
wet seaso n, w hen the late blight risk was sim p ly too
hi gh. But the big prob lem w ith growi ng potatoes in
the dry season is th at yield depends on th e
ava il abi lity of water. They also used fu ngi c ides,
although not always ve ry safe ly o r effectivel y. Th ey
were general ly fa miliar wi th th e concept of res ista nt
potato va ri eti es but didn' t have access to th e best
material s.

kn ow ledge about late bli ght?

A. One thing th ey don ' t know is th at late blight is
ca used by a microbe. lf you don 't kn ow th at there' s
1
a mi crobe involved , you ca n't under tand how the
di sease progresses. To use fu ngicide effective ly you
have to understand th e idea of latent periods-the
fact th at th e disease may be present ta given tim e,
but not visible. Once fa rmers grasp tmat, they can be
mu ch better dec ision-makers.

Q. Have the fi eld sc hools give n them access?

A. That's the idea. Starting two years ago, we
introd uced about a dozen va ri eti es and breedin g
lines fo r testin g in the fi eld schoo ls. Based in part on
the fa rm ers' re sults, two new varieties were released
throu gh th e national seed di stributi o n system.

Thi s year th e fi eld schoo ls are testing 50 more

potato c lones. Those represent the best se lections
from about 50,000 seed lings tested by CIP in its
own fields. The farme rs help decide w hich become
va ri eti es. They're also lookin g ata number of entries
prod uced from tru e potato seed (seed taken from the
berry of the pl ant)- a new co ncept for most of them.

Q. Are field schoo ls essential to managi ng late

blight, orare new va ri eties enough?
A. You need to know a lot in order to manage late
bli ght-resistance, seed health, how the weath er fits
into th e picture, and the ep idemi o logy of th e
disease. You have to be ab le to predict how th e
disease w ill progress based on all those factors , and
th en you have to dec ide on a strategy. You ca n' t get
th at knowledge to people just by diffusing improved
seed. You have to improve knowl edge together w ith
seed. Field schoo ls are the best way 1 know of to do
th at.
Th ere is also th e issue of the durability of res istance.
W e can get res istant va rieti es to farmers, but th at's

10

They also don 't know mu c h about fu1ngic ides. 1

watched o ne group sit in a circl e w ith the extension
wo rker and talk about the differen ce Jbetween
commerc ial names and acti ve in gredients. lt was
very enli ghtening fo r th e fa rmers. Th 4y sa id they
we re routinely mi xing fungic ides, bu t th ey ad mitted
1
th at th ey didn 't rea ll y kn ow w hat ea h one w as
mea nt to do. Sometim es they were j st diluting th e
ch emi ca ls w ithout re ali zing it.

Q. The field schools are mea nt in part to provide

inform ation for researchers. How good are the data
being generated?
A. They' re very usefu l. Chata Roj a w s universally
selected as the preferred variety in eilght
communities last year -we had no raso n to predi ct
that, but th e findin gs were unequi vo~a l. Thi s year
th e fa rm ers are eva lu atin g a set of
new breedin g
lines. We' ll have resu lts from 13 different locations.
Tho se data will help us dec ide whi c~ are th e most
promi sing lin es . Other experiments should help us
imp rove computer sim ulation mode ls we are
deve loping to predi ct the way late bljight wi ll
interact w ith certa in environmental ari ables.

59

Another piece of data we get from t e field schools

is farmer o pinion. H ow fa rmers respq nd to new
vari eti es or new technologies is cru c al to their
success. ldea ll y, th e fi eld sc hoo l is part of a
1
feedback process, w ith fa rm ers and esea rc hers
learn in g from one another.

In sub-Saharan Africa, 3 million children under age five suffer blindness caused
by lack of vitamin A. Vitamin A is produced by the body when it has sufficient
quantities of a precursor known as "beta-carotene." When it doesn't, the body
can not produce sufficient vitamin A, and blindness can result. The World
Health Organization (WHO) says that women with vitamin A deficiency face a
significantly higher risk of death during pregnancy. And children are more
subject to falling victim to other diseases if they don't have enough of this
critica! vitamin.
World deve lopment agencies have reacted to this
seri ous hea lth crisis by di stribut in g vitam in A
capsul es and fo rtifying food. The results have been
impress ive-more th an 12 milli o n children rece ived
vitamin A supplements in 1997, and th e number of
children suffe ring from blindness related to vitamin
A defi c iency has dropped signifi ca ntly.
In spite of these heroic efforts, many fa mili es do not
have access to the supplements. Th ey 1ive in remote
areas wh ere th e infrastructure for whol esa le
di stribution doesn 't exist and are subject to further
iso latio n from fl oods, land slides, and ea rthqu akes,
amo ng other things. Transportation is spo radi c, and
it may take days to reach th e nea rest vill age.
CIP and its partner o rganizati o ns have taken a
different but compl ementary approac h to fi ght
vitamin A defic iency: th e promot ion of o range-flesh
sweetpotato growth and co nsumpti on (see
H agenimana et al. in Se/ected Pub/ications, p. 19).
O range-fl es h sweetpotatoes co ntain hi gh amounts of
beta-ca rotene, which is large ly respons ibl e fo r th e
orange co lor of th e flesh . Thi s approach
comp lements the deve lopment agencies'
suppl ement/fo rtifi cation approach; is accessibl e to
iso lated, small rural communities; and- most
impo rtant-ca n sustain itself over time o nce it is
i mpl emented.
Recent studi es invo lvi ng CIP, th e lnternational
Cente r for Resea rch on Wom en (ICRW) , and the
Kenya Agri cultura! Research ln stitute (KAR I) have
shown th at-co ntrary to past beliefs-orange-flesh
va ri eti es are acceptable to Afri can consumers,
espec iall y children. The age-o ld preferen ce of
Afri cans fo r w hite-flesh sweetpotatoes is now know n
to be more related to th e texture (d ry and starch y)
than to th e co lor. Orange-flesh sweetpotatoes w ith a
drier, sta rchi er textu re have now been developed

that are appealin g to local consumers in

vitamin-A defic ient areas and can be used
fa r a va ri ety of home- or co mmunityproduced loca l products, including
cookies, cerea ls, roll s, and flour.
Building on thi s new know ledge, CIP,
ICRW, KAR I, M akerere UniversityUgand a, NARO-U ga nda (Nation al
Agricultura! Resea rch
Organi zation), and EARO
(Ethi op ian Agri cultura! Research
Orga nization) are deve loping a
reg io nal proj ect to take
advantage of sweetpotato' s
nutritio nal va lue. Thi s ambitious
fi ve-yea r project -ca ll ed VITAaims to:
CIPARCHIVES

in crease th e ava il abi lity and acceptability of

oran ge-fl es h sweetpotatoes in sub-Saharan Afri ca
compl ement deve lopment agenci es'
su pp lementation/fo rtifi cati on efforts
in crease the capac ity of nati onal agri cul ture,
health , and nutrition experts to in co rporate
sweetpotatoes in th eir recommendations
stimul ate and promote microenterpri se
development using products from orange-flesh
sweetpotatoes
teach househo ld managers (women and children)
the nutrit ional va lue and effects of consum ing
orange-fl esh sweetpotatoes and encourage them
to analyze their house hold's nutrition .
Above all , th e main obj ective of thi s project is to
ensure th at- by th e end of the five-year project
period- no ch ild w ith access to th e simpl e and
common sweetpotato w ill ever suffer blindness or
disease caused by vitamin A deficiency.

11 -

Root and tuber crops have com pl ex ro les to play in

feeding the deve loping wor ld in th e coming
decades. By 2020, more th an two bi lli on peop le in
Asia, Africa, and Lati n America wi ll depend o n
these cro ps for food , feed , or income. Many of them
w ill be amo ng the poorest of the poor. Cu rrent
dec isions about resea rch investment o n root and
tuber c rops in the CG IAR (see p. 34)-a nd the
strategy ch osen for th is resea rch-w i 11 have
profound impli cati ons for peop le arou nd the world
now and for decades to come. In a rece nt report copub l ished by CG IAR Centers CIP, CIAT, IFPR I, llTA,
and IPGR I, the authors shed new light o n the v is ion
for th ese crops.
Th e adaptati on of roots and tubers to marg in al
environments, their contributi o n to househo ld food
security, and their great fl exibi lity in m ixed far ming
systems, w ill make them an important component of
strategies to he lp improve the welfare of th e rural
poor. At th e same t ime, th ey w ill li nk smallho lder
fa rm ers w ith emerging markets, provid ing a
d iversifi ed range of high-qu ality, com petiti ve
prod ucts for food , feed, and industry.
Many of th e deve lop in g world's poorest and most
food-insecure hou seho lds look to th ese crops as a
contributing if not principa l source of food ,
nutriti on, and cash income. Farm ho usehol ds see
the va lue of roots and tubers in their ab ility to
produce more edibl e energy per hectare per day
than other commoditi es and in th e fact th at they
produce under conditions w here other crops may
fa il. In 1995-97, farme rs in deve lop ing countries
harvested 439 m i Ili o n metri c tons of the major roots
and tubers- cassava, potato, sweetpotato, and

Projected growth rates for major food crops in

developing countries to 2020.
1

Pota to

Maize
1

Wheat
Sweetpotato

and yamb

Rice

o.o

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Average an nual growth rate (percent)

W ith the average produ cti on fo r 1992-94 as th e base period.
b

12

The projections fo r roots and tubers reported on in

this study were generated using the 11nternat iona l
Food Pol icy Resea rc h lnstitute' s (IFPilRI) IMPACT
model and take into consideration t e production of
nearly ali the major commod iti es in he globa l food
system, inc lud ing cereals, soybean , ~ nd meat. Roots
and tubers' share of th e total va lue of th ese products
is projected to remain at rough ly 11 1percent.
The projected growth rates in outpu are parti cul ar ly
stro ng fo r potato (2.7 percent/yr) an yam (2.9
percent/yr). Production of cassava and sweetpotato
w ill expand ata more modest pace-11.95 percent
and 1.0 percent per year respecti ve! 1. While these
projected growth rates may appea r ~ig h , they
actual ly rep resent a considerab le s l ~wdow n

~~o~~. ~~v:t~:~:~:, 7~~~r~fg~~~~~ ~J~e: ~atl~~~=ted

5

for cassava, potato, and yam exceed th ose estimated

fo r ri ce and wheat.
Given th ese fi ndings, roots and tube s should
remai n an integral part of a global s1rategy to
in crease food prod uction and utili zation in As ia,
Africa, and Latin A meri ca in th e dec des ahead.
With a view to ach iev ing the CG I A ~'s obj ectives of
im proving food sec urity and eradic t ing poverty,
and based on the Report' s fi nd ings, represe ntati ves
of the five CG IAR Centers that collat orated in thi s
stu dy have recommended mechan isns for more
effecti ve ly capturing synergies among orga nizatio ns
work ing o n roots and tubers.

This summary is based o n the CIP-PAT- IFPRlllTA-IPGRI repo rt by G. Scott, R. B~st, M.

Rosegrant, and M. Bokanga, Roots and Tubers in

the Global Food System: A Vision tatement to

the Year 2020 lncluding Annex, a report of th e

Cassava

yam- w ith an estimated annu al val u . of more th an

1
US$41 billi on, nea rl y o ne-fourth the va lue of th e
maj o r cerea ls.

Di sagg rega ted growth ra tes for sweetpota to (1.0 ) and ya m (2.9 ) are
estim ated outsid e IMPACT , but calcul ated based o n thos e simulation s.
Source: Scott , G ., M. W. Rosegrant, and C. Rin gler. 2000. Roots and
tubers fo r the 2P 1 century: Trends, projection s, an d poli cy opt ions fo r
deve lop in g co untri es. Food , Agr iculture, and th e Env iro nm en t
D iscuss ion Pap er No. 31. IFPRl-CIP, Was hington, OC.

Committee on lnter-Centre Root a d Tuber Crops

Resea rch (CICRTCR). The CICRTC emerged
from a recommendation of th e 19 6 CG IAR
lnter-Centre Review of Root and T~ber Crops,
and was establi shed by CIP, CIAT, FPRI, llTA,
and IPGRI in 1996 . The Committe aims to
increase the efficiency of root and tuber crops
research through col laborati ve resf arch,
know ledge enha ncement, the mol:l ilization of
add itional fund ing, and by lin kingl organization s
or indi vidua ls w ho work on root and tuber crops
w ithin or outs ide of th e CGIAR.

CIP Gets New Legal Status as lnternational

Center; Signs New Host-Country
Agreement with Peru
Peruvi an Pres id ent Alberto Fujimori ratified a new
host-country ag reement with CIP, settin g out the
legal framewo rk for operations from CIP's
headquarters in Lima and confirm ing th e Center's
new lega l status as an internationa l organ ization,
awarded throu gh an internationa l convention signed
by fi ve countries on 26 November 1999. The hostcountry agreement covers proj ect site acti viti es,
fundin g arrangements, and regul ation s rel ated to
nation al and international staff. The intern ational
agreement-promoted and signed by th e
government of Peru and co-signed by Bo livi a,
Canada, Egypt, and Ecuador, along w ith honor
witness UNDP-will facilitate log istics for
establish ing CIP research initiatives in deve loping
countri es worldwide. The latter agreement wil l
remain open for signature through the end of 2001.

CIP Given Coordinating Role in CGIAR

Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture lnitiative
A new CG IAR initi ative coordin ated by CIP
will investigate ways to help urban farmers, a group
that now co mprises about 800 million people
wor ldwide who tend hom e gardens or work in
commerc ial livestock, aquaculture, forestry, or
greenhou se operations. Thi s number is expected to
grow, since more than hal f of th e world 's population
w ill li ve in urban areas by 2015, with eight of the
nine fastest-grow ing c iti es in developing countries.
The CG IAR 5ystem-Wide lniti ative for Urban and
Peri-Urban Agriculture w ill link CIP and other CG IAR
Centers w ith international aid agenc ies,
nongovernm ental organization s, and resea rc h
networks in Latin America, Africa, and Asi a to study
agricu ltura! issues assoc iated w ith the continued
growth in urban populations. Potenti al study sites
include Ace ra (Ghana), Beijing (Ch in a), Bogota
(Colombia), Dar es Salaam (Tanzan ia), Dh aka
(Bang ladesh), Harare (Z imbabwe), Lima (Peru),
Lusaka (Zambia), Manila (Phi lippines), Maputo
(Mozambique), and Yaunde (Cameroon). Research
w ill focus on productivity as we ll as a range of
environmenta l, health, economic, and publi c policy
issues, in c ludin g effects of water pollution on food
qual ity, hea lth risks of urban 1ivestoc k production,
and co nstraints in regulating informal markets.

CIP Helps Develop and Introduce New

Potato Variety in Peruvian Market
The Peru vian market has a new tabl e potato
thanks to CIP and the Jerusa len de Porcon
Cooperative in Cajamarca, Peru. The new variety,
Atahua lpa, is su itable for both baking and frying and
produces an average of 30 metri c tons per hectare.

lt is also res istant to late blight. The Jerusalen de

Porcon Cooperative launched Atahualp a in October
1999 after six years of field trials to verify its quality,
performan ce, and cost-efficiency. Deve lopment of
the variety began in 1990, when th e Cooperative
received several late blight-resistant c lones from CIP.

CIP Organizes Training Event for Potato

Researchers from Central Asia and the
Caucasus (CAC)
In October 1999 , CIP and the Polish Plant Breeding
and Acc limati za tion lnstitute (IHAR) organized a
workshop and tra ining course on potato germp lasm
management and potato seed production systems
for 11 parti cipants from Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Georgia, Kazakhsta n, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkm enistan, and Uzbekistan. Training was
cond ucted by Russ ian-speaking Poi ish scientists
from th e IHAR-a group of 6 research centers and
18 experimenta l farms under th e direction of th e
Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Food Economyat the lnstitute's M lochow Research Center. Two
sc ientists from Russ ia and Belarus served as Russi anspeak in g trainin g fac ilitato rs. In addition to training
on w are and seed potato production, breed in g for
resistan ce to pathogens, and screening for d isease
symptoms, parti c ipants learned about the
requirements for orderin g improved germplasm for
evaluation in the ir respective countries. Th ey were
also given a tour of the planting, harvesting, sorting,
and storage facilit ies at Zamarte Breeding and Seed
Potato Production Station in northern Poland,
considered one of the most modern potato breeding
and seed-producing stations in Europe. The workshop
was organized by CIP-ECA (see p. 33) as part of the
CG IAR Col laborative Research Program for Centra l
Asia and the Caucasus, a region where potato plays
a leading food -security role. The Program was
initi ated and pioneered by !CARDA (see p. 35) to
link CAC Republi cs in their efforts to upgrade their
agri cultura ! resea rch base and refocus their
agricultura! economies for free-market conditions.

CIP lmplements New Bioinformatics and

Knowledge Management Systems
CIP's Bioinformatics Unit has deve loped a
web interface to expa nd database access to the
Center's regional offices, and a Workflow System to
permit effi cient tracking of ali germp lasm-related
materi als. The new interface will provide ful l access
to CIP's Germp lasm Database for CIP staff at
headqu arters and in th e reg ion s. The Workflow
System, which wi ll include a bar-coded labeling
system for in vitro samp les, applies th e latest
techniques of knowledge management and moves
CIP into the vanguard in terms of CG IAR germp lasm
co ll ection management.

13 -

Dr. Alicia Brcena

Com isin Econmica para Amrica Latina y el
Caribe (CEPAL)
United Nations
Ch ile
Dr. M. Sujayet Ullah Chowdhury
Bangladesh Academy of Agri cu lture
Bangladesh
Dr. Chukichi Kaneda
Association for lnternational Cooperation of
Agri cu ltu re & Forestry
Ja pan
Dr. David R. MacKenzie, Chairperson
Northeastern Region al Association of State
Agricultura! Experiment Stations Directors (N ERA)
USA
Dr. Eija Pehu (from May 1999)
Department of Pl ant Production
University of Helsinki
Finland
Dr. Klaus Raven
Facultad de Agronoma
Universidad Nacion al Agrari a
Peru
Dr. Lieselotte Schilde (to Febru ary 1999)
University of Tbingen
Germany
Dr. Theresa Sengooba
Nation al Agriculture Research Orga ni zation
Uganda
Dr. Josefina Takahashi
In stituto Nacional de Recursos
Natural es (INRENA)
Peru
Dr. Koenraad Verhoeff
The Netherlands
Dr. Ren Wang
Chinese Academy of Agricul tura ! Sciences
Ministry of Agriculture
China
Dr. Vo-Tong Xuan
University of Cantho
Vietnam
Dr. Hubert Zandstra
lntern ational Potato Center (CIP)
Peru

14

IN MEMORIAM
Dr. Klaus Raven B. (1930-2000)
With deep sad ess, we
report the deat of Dr. Klaus
Raven on 4 Fel}ruary 2000,
after a short i 11 ~ess.
Dr. Raven was member of
CIP's Board of h ustees from
May 1982 throLgh April
1
1988, and fro September
1989 to the ti e of his
death.

Dr. Raven was born in H ac ienda C sa Grande,

La Libertad, Peru. He was a graduate of th e
Escuela Nacional de Agricultura, L Malina
(now the Universidad Nacional Ag aria), w here
he obta ined the degree of lngeni er Agrnomo
in 1954. He did his graduate studi s at Texas
A&M University (USA), where he btained MS
and PhD degrees in Entomology.
Although Dr. Raven initi ated his p ofessiona l
career in the private sector as Hea of th e
Department of Entomology of the ~ociedad
Nacional Agrari a, Peru (19 59 to 1 66), for most
of his professional life he was asso iated with
th e U ni vers id ad Nacional Agraria. He began his
activities at that instituti on in 19601as Professor
of Entomology, a responsibility he maintained
until his death. During his tenure aln he
Uni versidad Nacional Agraria, Dr. Raven
provided leadership as the Director of Academic
Affairs (Director de Enseanza; 1969-1972 ),
Vice-Rector (197 4-1 977), Entomology
Department Head (1988-1989), 1d through
various other director and coordinator ro les in
agricultura! research on behalf of t e University.
During Dr. Raven' s two terms on GIP' s Board of
Trustees, he was Vice-Cha irman o the Board,
Chairman of the Audit Comm ittee, Chairman of
the Nominations Committee, and n active
1
member of the Program Committe
Dr. Raven was a man of integrity nd rectitude
who provided inspiration both to is colleagues
and to hi s students. The CIP Board and the CIP
community wi ll miss Dr. Raven 's ound advice,
hi s balanced and constructive opi ions, andmost of all-his friendship.

Donors
(Ranked by level al contributian)

Swiss Agency for Development & Cooperation (SDC)

lnternational Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (IBRD/World Bank Group)
United States Agency for lnternational
Development (USAID)
Government of Japan
Government of Germany
Danish lnternational Development Agency (DANIDA)
Government of Netherlands
Swedish lnternational Development Cooperation
Agency (SIDA)
United Kingdom Department for lnternational Development,
(DFID)
Canadian lnternational Development Agency (CIDA)
Government of Austria
lnternational Fund for Agricultura! Development (IFAD)
Government of Luxembourg
lnternational Development Research Centre (IDRC), Canada
Government of France
lnternational Livestock Research lnstitute (ILRI)
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Australian Centre for lnternational
Agricultura! Research (ACIAR)
Government of ltaly
Government of Norway
Government of China
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultura! University (KVL), Denmark
Consultative Group on lnternational
Agricultura! Research (CGIAR)
Government of the lslamic Republic of lran
Natural Resources lnstitute (NRI), United Kingdom
Government of Korea
Government of Brazil
Rockefeller Foundation, USA
Government of Spain
Government of South Africa
lnternational Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Fund for
lnternational Development
Government of India
The McKnight Foundation, USA
Michigan State University, USA
lnternational Development Bank (IDB)/Regional Fund for
Agricultura! Technology (FONTAGRO)/lnternational Network
of Production Systems Research and Methodology (RIMISP)
CGIAR lmpact Assessment and Evaluation Group (IAEG)
Government of Mexico
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Total

1999

CIP benefits from the confidence and

(US$000)

support of a number of dedicated

$3 ,588

donors. A substantial proportion of

2,675
2,323
1,874
1,524
1, 148
1,081 b

CIP's funding is unrestricted and

broadly underpins the Center's
capacity to respond effectively to
needs and opportunities. This is by
far our most valuable source of

848

financia! support and CIP is thankful

668
619
485
453
400
370

for the determination of core donors

229
213

to uphold the principies on which the

CGIAR was founded. Other funds
come through competitive grants for
specific projects or initiatives. These

182

contributions are limited in time and

180
145
127
120
11 Od

scope, and carry high additional

95e
80
60
60
50
50
50
50
49
45
38
34
34

33
20
15
15

transaction costs.
Recent trends show worrisome
decline in international agricultura!
research funding as a whole. This
instability is challenging the CGIAR
system and its Centers to forge new
strategies and directions. CIP
continues to seek new partners who
share its belief that strategic, highquality agricultura! research plays a
major role in alleviating hunger,
poverty, and environmental
degradation in the world's poorest
countries.

5
$20,145

lnclud es $40,000 far assaciate experts. bJncludes $60 ,000 far assaciate experts. ' lncludes an e
scientist-year from IRD. dJncludes $100,000 for assaciate experts. e1ncludes $80,000 for germpl as m
canservatian, adaptatian, and enhancement fo r diversifi catian and in tensificatian al agricultura!
praductian in Central Asia and th e Cauca sus, and $15,000 far impact evaluatian af participatary
development of integrated insect and disease management far the patato crap in San Mi guel, Peru.

15 -

CIP is placing a
high priority on
rebuilding its
Operating Fund,
strengthening
its cashmanagement
strategies, and
increasing its
ability to borrow
on short notice
and on favorable
terms.

Th e Center's total income in 1999 was $21.4

million, 9 percent below 1998 income of $2 3.4
million. Thi s income was distributed as fo ll ows:
Unrestri cted, US $1 l .2 million ; Restricted, US$8.6
milli on and Other lncome, US$1.6 mill ion. lt
shou Id 'be noted that at the end of 1999, US$ l .2
mi Ili on (5.6 percent) of the Center's expected
income was not yet received.
Th e Eu ropean Union (EU ) 1999 admini strative
funding fai lu re reduced CIP's in come by US$1.9
million . Because of th e resulting $1. 3-mi lli on
deficit, th e Center's Operating Fund for 1999
dropped to US$0.2 million , equivalent to onl y 3.3
workin g days. The CG IAR Finance Committee's
al location to partial ly compensate this default w ill
be US $1.4 mil lion. This amount w ill be received in
2000. To ensure continued Center operations, the
entire amount w ill have to be depos ited in CIP's
Operating Fund , in creas ing it to th e equivalent of 25
wo rkin g days.
The first phase of the Biodive rsity Comp lex was
comp leted in June 1999 . This co rresponded to an
in vestment of US$0.25 million (for co nstru cti on)
and US$0.l 5 million (for equ ipment) provided by
restricted contributions from th e Governm ent of
Japan. Due to un expected redu ctions in Center
income and subseq uent cash-flow limitations, th e
second ph ase could not be continu ed. Thi s phase
shou ld be reinitiated in 2000.
CIP has improved its cash-flow situ ati on
consid erab ly during the past four yea rs throu gh
careful fin ancia ! management, but this area remain s
a probl em during per iods w hen donor fund
di sb ursements are delayed. Therefore, the Center is
pl ac ing a hi gh priority on rebuildin g its Operatin g
Fund, strengthenin g its cash-management strateg ies,
and in creas in g its ab ility to borrow on short notice
and on favo rab le terms.

1998

Balance Sheet (US$000)

Year ending 31 Decembe r 1999

Current Assets
Cash and short-term
deposits
Securiti es
Accounts rece ivable:
Donors
Employees
Other
lnve ntories
Prepaid expenses

Total

$ 8,3 9

5r

56

1,1 ~~

4,260
269
461
701
36 1

4216

6 7
3
11 ,0

Fixed Assets
Property, plant,
and equipment
Less accumul ated
deprec iation

22,893
(12,639)

Total

10,25 4

Total Assets

Balance Sheet (US$000)

Yea r ending 31 December 1999

Current Liabilities
Advances from donors
Accounts payab le:
Research contracts
and organizations
Suppliers and taxes
Provisions fo r seve rance
indemn ities

$ 3,2 2

1 7%

-~-~

41 %

lmprovin g
Po li c ies

7%
Saving
Bi od ive rsity

10%
Protecti ng the
En vi ronment 25%

Funding by CGIAR Undertaking

16

$ 2, 150

4,138
708
47
7,043
99 1

Accruals and Provisions

ln c reas ing
Product ivity

11,546
207

Loans to Employees

Total
Strengtheni ng Nation al
Agr icu ltura! Research
Systems (NA RS)

$ 5,438

Net Assets
Capital invested in
fixed assets
Capital fund
Operatin g fund

10,254
2, 19 1
1,5 28

Total

13,973

Total Liabilities and

Net Assets

$21,680

$22,007

Funding Allocation by CIP Program Area (ih US$ millions)

1999

1998

Estim ated
Potato
Sweetpotato
Andean Roots and Tubers
Natural Resource Man agement
Global M ountain Program
Global lniti ative for Late Bli ght
Urban and Peri -Urban Agriculture

$14 .2
5. 1
0.8
1.2
0 .4
0. 1
0.2

Total

$22.0

CIP Financia! lnformation System (CIPFIS)

Th e CIP Fin ancia! lnformati on System (CIPFI S) is a
proj ect-based integrated budgetin g, account ing,
costin g, and cash-management system. The system
wa s introduced in 1993. Since th en, it has been
upgraded and updated from a CI ipper-Mi crosoft
Visual FoxPro 5 version to a new version released in
December 1999 . lt compri ses an SQL-Server
database and three different front-ends: an online
integrated appli cation, an offlin e postin g system and
a W eb-based re portin g and monitorin g too l
impl emented w ith Active Server Pages (ASPs) .

Percentage

Actual

Percentage

65%
23
4
5
2

$14.7
5.1
0.7
1.6
0. 8
0.1

64 %
22
3
7
3
1

o.o
$23.0

o
100 .(o

info rmati on in conside rabl e detai l. Thi s audi ting

fun ction improves the overal 1 accuracy of
in fo rm ation and enab les errors to be spotted more
eas il y.
Th e overall result is a powerful reporting too l th at
has proved to be effecti ve for dec ision-making and
fundin g allocati on as w ell as budget monitorin g.
Th e new CIPFI S system fac ilitates th e anal ys is of
data considerabl y and provides an up-to-the-minu te
but conservati ve view of th e Center's cash situati on.
fle

The balance
sheet and
funding
allocation tables
summarize CIP's
finances in 1999.
A complete,
audited financia!
statement by
PricewaterhouseCoopers is
published
separately and
can be requested
from the Chief
Financia! Officer
(cip-cfo@cgiar.org).

fclt

The appli cation, in stall ed at CIP headqu arters in

Lima, offers a full range of data-editing and
reporting fac ilities corresponding to vario us leve ls of
user-access. The offlin e postin g system was
deve loped fo r decentralized input from remole siles
to th e central CIPFIS database.
The payro ll is lin ked el ectro nica ll y w ith CIPFI S, thus
eliminating th e need for manu al entries. lnventory
items are entered into th e Log isti cs system, and
va lues of rece ipts are entered from suppli ers'
invo ices. The Log isti cs and CIPFIS databases are
full y integrated.
O ne feature of CI PFIS data entry is th e ability to
sean ori gin al documentation supporting an entry
and to link it to the entry w ithin th e system. Thi s
enh ances th e drill -down capab ility of th e system, as
the user ca n see a copy of the o ri ginal
documentati on. The user is then able to veri fy

Welcome

CIP
Headquarters
CARLOS NIO.NEIRA

Feb1Uary 24, 2000

Latin _Amerioa S
the Carib bean

East Eur op02 &

Central Asi a

1.5.tru

17 -

This list includes

selected
publications
authored or
edited by CIP
staff during
1999. For more
information
about books,
proceedings,
research articles,
and working
papers published
by

e 1p staff,

BooK CHAPTERS AND JouRNAL ARTICLES

Arce, P., M. Moreno, M. Gutierrez, M. Gebauer, P.

Dell'Orto, H. Torres, l. Acua, P. Oliger, A.
Venegas, X. Jordana, J. Kalazich, and L. Huluigue.
1999. Enh anced resistance to bacteria! infecti on by
Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica in transgenic
potato pl ants exp ress ing th e attacin or th e cecropin
SB-37 genes. American )ournal of Patato Research
76: 169- 177 .

Bentley, J. and G. Thiele. 1999. Bibliography:

Farmer knowledge and management of crop
di sease. Agriculture and Hum an Va lues 16:7 5- 81 .
Braun, A.R. and E. van de Fliert. 1999. Eva lu atio n
of the im pact of sweetpotato weev il (Cylas
formicarius ) and of the effectiveness of Cy/as sex
pheromo ne traps at th e farm level in Indo nesia.
lnternati onal Journal of Pest Management 45:10 1110.

(cip-library@

Braun, A., G. Thiele, and M. Fernndez. 1999. La

escue la de campo para MIP y el comit de
investigacin agrco la loca l: plataformas
comp lementari as para fom entar decisiones
integrales en la agri cu ltura sostenible. Manejo
Integ rad o de Plagas 53: 1-23.

cgiar .org) or

Campilan, D., G. Prain, and C.L. Bagalanon. 1999 .

please contact
the CIP Library

check the Library

section of the
CIP website.

Eva luati on from the inside: Participatory eva lu ation

of agricul tura! research in the Philippin es.
Kn ow ledge, Tec hnol ogy, and Poli cy 11 :114-1 31.

Castillo, G. and D. Campilan. 1999. Nurturing a

network: Lessons in the evolution of th e UPWARD
program. In: Ni ehof, A. and P. Terp stra (eds. ).
H ouseholds in an interdiscip linary perspecti ve.
W age ninge n University, Netherlands. p. 37-46.

Chavarriaga, P., M.M. Maya, J. Tohme, M.C.

Duque, C. Iglesias, M. Bonierbale, S. Kresovich,
and G. Kochert. 1999. Using microsatellites,

18

cambio c lim ti co en la Agricultura: Ef~cto del

fenmeno del Nio en los culti vos de Jia Costa
Central. In : Per : V ulnerab ilidad frente al camb io
1
climtico . CONAM, Lima, Peru . p. 11 - 135.

Collins, W.W., E.E. Carey, l.G. Mok, P Thompson,

and D.P. Zhang. 1999 . Utili zation of weetpotato
geneti c resources to deve lop insect re istance. In:
Clement, S.L. and S.S. Qui senberry (e~ s.). Gl oba l
Geneti c Resources for lnsect-Res istantl Crops. CRC
Press, Boca Raton , FL, USA. p. 193-2ID5 .

Di Feo, L., S.F. Nome, E. Biderbost, sJFuentes, and

L.F. Salazar. 1999 . Eti o logy of sweet ~otato
ch lorotic dwarf disease in Argentina.
84 :35-39 .

lant Di sease

Fawzia, A., E.G. Karuri, and V. Hage imana. 1999.

Sweet potato ketchup: Feasib ility, ac eptab ility, and
prod uct io n costs in Nairobi , Kenya . ri ca n Crop
Science Jo urn al 7:8 1-89.
Finckh, M.R. and R.J . Nelson. 1999. P hylogenetic
and pathotypi c analys is of bacteria! b ight race 3.
European Journal of Plant Pathology 05 :74 3-751.
Fuglie, K.O. 1999. Co nservatio n ti lla e and
pesticid e use in the Cornbelt. Journa l of Agri cu ltura!
and Applied Economics 31 :133-147.
Ghislain, M., M. Bonierbale, and R.

elson. 1999.
Gene tec hnol ogy for potato in deve idping countri es.
In: Hohn, T. and K.M. Leisinger (eds. )1.
Bi otechn o logy of Food Crops in DevJ lopi ng
Cou ntries. Springer W ien, New York. , p. 135-140.
Ghislain, M., D. Zhang, D. Fajardo, Z.. Huamn,
and R. Hijmans. 1999. M arker- ass istebi sampling of
th e cu l.ti vated A ndean patato Solanu+ phureja
co ll ect1 on using RAPO markers. Ge netic Resources
1
. and Crop Evolution 46:547- 555 .

isozymes, and FLPs to eva luate genetic diversity and

redundan cy in the cassava core co l lecti o n and to
assess th e usefulness of DN A-based markers to
mai ntain germpl asm co llections. Molecular
Breeding 5:263- 273.

Golmirzaie, A.M., A. Panta, and J. Toledo. 1999.

Ad va nces in the conservati o n of root Jand tuber
crops. In : Benson , E. (ed.). Plant Conse rvati on
1
Bi otec hno logy. Taylor and Fran c is, L ndo n.
p. 165-1 78.

Chen, D., M. dela Vina, T. lnukai, D.J. Mackill, P.C.

Ronald, and R.J. Nelson. 1999. Molecular mapp ing

Hagenimana, V. 1999. M ic ro-sca le e1 terpri se

app roach to sweetpotato and patato i mprovement
systems. In: Kwarteng, J. (ed.). Enh anL ng
postharvest tec hnol ogy generati on a~d
di sse min ation in Afri ca and Mexico d: ity, Mexico.
Sasakawa Africa Association, CASIN , Geneva.
p. 20-26.

of the bl ast resista nce genes, Pi44(t), deri ved from a

durably resistant rice culti var. Theoreti ca l and
Applied Geneti cs 98 :1046-1053.

Cisneros, F. and N. Mujica. 1999. lm acto del

Hagenimana, V., M.A. Oyunga, J. Low, S.M.

Njoroge, S. Cichuki, and J. Kabira. 1999. The
effects of women farmers' adopti on of ora ngefl es hed sweetpotatoes: Raisin g vitamin A intake in
Kenya. ICRW , Washington, DC. 24 p.
He, W., Z.M. Zhang, and Y. Wang. 1999. GILB
meeting in Ecuador and late blight resea rch
progress. Chinese Potato Journ al 13:182- 183.
Hijmans, R.J., M. Schreuder, J. de la Cruz, and L.
Cuarino. 1999. Using GIS to check coordin ates of
germpl asm access ions. Genetic Resources and Crop
Evolution 46:29 1-296.
Huaccho, L. and R.). Hijmans. 1999. Creac in de
un a base de datos geo referenciada de la
distribucin globa l de la papa . Sistm ica 1 :19-24 .
Huamn Z., C. Aguilar, R. Ortiz. 1999. Se lectin g a
Peru vian sweetpotato core co ll ection on the basis of
morpho logica l, eco-geographi ca l, and disease and
pest reaction data. Th eoretica l and App li ed
Genetics 98:840-845.
Khatana, V.S., S. Arya, and S.C. llangantileke.
1999 . Decline in sweet potato culti vation in India
w ith spec ial reference to th e state of Bihar. Asan
Agri-History 2:93-110.
Kumar, J., R.J. Nelson, and R.S. Zeigler. 1999.
Population stru cture and dynamics of Magnaporthe
grisea in the Indi a Himalayas. Genetics 15 2:97 1-

984 .

Prain, C. and M. Piniero. 1999 . Farmer management

of rootcrop genetic diversity in south ern Philippines.
In: Prain , G., S. Fuji sa ka, and M. W arren (eds.).
Biologica l and cultural diversity: The role of
indi genous agri cultura! experimentation in
deve lopment. ITP, London. p. 92-112.
Quiroz, R., W.T. Bowen, and A. Cutarra. 1999.
lntegratin g remote sensi ng and dynamic models to
assess pasture and livestock producti on at the
ecoreg ional leve l: Developments in the A ltipl ano.
In : Thornton, P.K. and A.N. Odero (eds .).
Proceed ings of the Workshop on Ecoregional
Resea rch at ILRI, Addis Ababa, 5- 8 October 1998.
ILRI , Nairobi. p. 97- 103.
Raymundo, A.K., A.M. Briones, E.Y. Ardales, M.T.
Perez, L.C. Fernandez, J.E. Leach, T.W. Mew, M.A.
Ynalvez, C .C. Melaren, and R.J. Nelson. 1999.
Analys is of DNA polymorphism and virulence in
Philippine stra in s of Xa nthomonas oryzae pv.
oryzicola. Pl an t Disease 83:434- 440.
Reeves, A.F., O.M. Olanya, J.H. Hunter, and J.M.
Wells. 1999 . Evaluation of potato va ri eties and
se lecti ons for res istance to bacteri a! soft rot.
American Jou rn al of Potato Resea rch 76:183- 189.
Spooner, D.M., A. Salas, Z. Huamn, and R.J.
Hijmans. 1999. Potato germpl asm coll ecting
exped ition in southern Peru (Departments of
Apurmac, Areq uipa, Cusco, Moquegua, Puno, and
Tacna) in 1998: Taxonomy and new ge neti c
resources. American Journal of Potato Research

76:103-119.
Ortiz, O. 1999. Understanding interactions between
indi genous knowledge and sc ientifi c in fo rm ation.
lndi genous Knowledge and Deve lopment M onitor

7:7-1 o.
Ortiz, R., S. Madsen, E.N. Ruiz-Tapia, S.-E.
Jacobsen, A. Mujica-Sanchez, ).l. Christiansen, and
O. Stolen. 1999 . Va lidatin g a core co ll ection of
Peruv ian quinoa germpl asm . Genetic Resources and
Crop Evo luti on 46:285-290.

Van de Fliert, E. 1999 . Women in IPM training and

impl ementation in Indones ia. In: Van de Fliert, E.
and J. Proost (eds.). Gender and IPM: Crop
protection practices and strateg ies. Royal Tropical
ln stitute, Amsterdam. p. 7 1-78 .
Vivanco, J., M. Querci, and L.F. Salazar. 1999.
Antiviral and anti viroid acti vity of MAP-containing
extracts from Mirabilis jalapa roots. Pl ant Disease

83: 111 6-112 1.

Prain, C. 1999. Household s and socia l networks in
agri cultura! resea rch . In: Ni ehof, A. and P. Terpstra
(eds.). Household s in an interdi sc iplin ary
perspective . W ageningen Uni versity, Netherl ands.

p. 4 7-65.
Prain, C. 1999. Overview: Loca l maintenance of
crop biodiversity in the Philippines. In:
Conservati on and change: Farm er maintenance of
agro-bio log ica l diversity in the Philippines.
UPWARD, Los Baos, Philippin es. p. 1-13.

Wiegers, E.S., R.). Hijmans, D. Herv, and L.O.

Fresco. 1999 . Land use intensificati on and
desintensi fi catio n in the Upper Caete va ll ey, Peru.
Hum an Ecology 27:3 19- 33 9.
Zeddam, J.L., J.L. Rodrguez, M. Ravallec, and A.
Lagnaoui. 1999. A noda-like viru s iso lated from
Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lep.: Noctuid ae).
Journal of lnvertebrate Pathology 74:267- 274.

19 -

For a complete
list of all CIP
publications, or
for information
on how to order
them, please
contact CIP
Publications (cippublications@
cgiar .org) or
check the
Publications
section of the
CIP website.

Races y Tubrculos ndinos:

Avances de lnvestig in, Tomo l.
CIP-CONDESAN. 79 ~ 9. T. Fairlie,

CIP PUBLICATIONS

tTe

CiP i<"' ?PM. . oytno Co=H ~....

G?"inttn!ion l " 'ri"'"""I

S<.i ooeo to 1!' oo<i , H, o

Er, i<""''" ~

o~!l\ o,.. 0M<P<0<

- - - - - - - . lmpact on a Changing World:

1997-98 Program Report. C/P.
7999. Softbound. 457 p. CIP' s

1997- 98 Program Report presents

initial progress reports for the
Center's 1 7 newly created research
projects. Forty-six reports are
'"'"""'"'""'"""'
grouped into five general areas:
i...~--Potato, Sweetpotato, Potato and
Sweetpotato, Natural Resource Management in the
Andes, and Andean Roots and Tubers. The Report's
feature article, "lncorporating Poverty in Priority
Setting: CIP's 1998- 2000 Medium Term Plan ,"
describes how CIP research project proposals are
evaluated by a priority-setting mechanism that
measures project potential for poverty alleviation.

...

Sweetpotato Facts: A Compendium of

, Key Figures and Analysis for 33 lmportant Sweetpotato-Producing Countries.
CIP. 7999. Brochure. Revised. (Available
in English and Spanish.) This brochure
contains revised data on annual
~. sweetpotato production, area, yield
~ S::::- (1995-97) as we ll as on utilization , per
:::=capita consumption, and feed use
-
(1994-1996); it includes estimates of
annual average growth rates in sweetpotato production , area, and yield 1961-63 to 1995-97 and 198587 to 1995-97 on a country and regional basis. lt
also contains the crop's national ranking among the
major food crops produced in developing countries
and selected socioeconomic indicators (e.g.,
population, urban population , GNP per capita and
annual average growth rates) for 33 important
sweetpotato-produci ng countries.

20

M. Morales Bermdek, and M.

Halle (eds.). 247 p. T~ is joint
publication by CIP-CONDESAN
includes extensive in ormation on
Andean root and tub r crop genetic
resources, characterization and conse vation, and
production and consumption. lt is the first of two
volumes disseminating the results of
Collaborative Program for the Conserl ation and Use
of Andean Roots and Tubers. The crops covered in
this study, although common in the fi f lds of.the
Andean highlands, have rarely been t e subject of
systematic research.
~ -'t~
.
Las Papas de Sudamf dca: Peru.
C. Ochoa. CIP. 799 ~. 11/ust.
.
Hardback. 7036 p. CI IP taxonomtst
Carlos Ochoa summ rizes his 30year exploration thrqughout Peru
for wild relatives of folanum
tuberosum, commonlly known as
-....~-.--...
the potato. Publtshel with the
economic support of Calbee Potato o Japan and the
lstituto Agronmico per L' Ultramare ( AO) of ltaly,
this book contains a thorough descrtp ton of nearly
100 wild Solanum. Two-thirds of the ~pecies
described in the book- almost 5.0 perf ent of all
w i Id pota to species know n to ex1st in lthe
Americas-were discovered and class fied by the
author himself. To complete this mon mental work,
Ochoa exam ined more than 4000 holldings of
Peruvian wild potatoes in herbariums lin the United
States, Europe, and South America, inf. luding his
own personal col lection . Ochoa dese ibes the
genetic gold-mine these hardy wild s ecies
representas a source of desirable
traits for breeding new varieties
w ith higher resistanc to pests and

1
d1sease. " Because of the great
diversity and genetic lpotential of
the Peruvian wild species-many of
w hich still have not ~een evaluated
for their potential us in
horticulture-the op ortunities for
future research in genetics improvem nt seem
infinite," he says. This is the second vb lume in
Ochoa's series on the potatoes of Sou h America.
The first, Potatoes of South America: Bolivia, is
considered one of the most complete references on
Solivian potato species.
.

iJ..h.

CIP

TRAINI NG MATERIALS
NTEGRATmcoNnoL

oF~::-1~~:~0wiu

11

Farmer Field School for lntegrated

Crop Management of Sweetpotato.

E. van de Fliert and A. R. Braun.

CIP. 7999. Field Cuides and
Technical Manual. 266 pages.
Available in English and
lndonesian . Thi s training manual,
produced for Farmer Fi eld School
(FFS) facilitators, describes the FFSlntegrated Crop Management (ICM) app roac h for
susta in ab le sweetpotato culti vation. The material
includes an introd uction to th e FFS-ICM
methodo logy, fi eld guides, and technical guidelines
for everything from soil prepa ration to sweetpotato
marketing and process ing. A related training video,

Learning lntegrated Crop Management far

Sweetpotato, describes th e common constraints
faced by lnd onesia n sweetpotato farmers and
promotes the use of the FFS-I CM approach to
identify app ropriate solutions. Originally produced
in lnd ones ian, the video is also ava il ab le in English
in PAL/N TSC-VHS formats.
~~~ Molecular Biology Laboratory
~ Protocols: Plant Genotyping. CIP

;1;:?.!i!
--

'-

Crop lmprovem ent and Cenet1 c

Resources Department. 7999. 2nd
edition. Revised. 38 pages.
Available in English and Spanish.

r -;J .
.... ~"T"',..j This manu al desc ri bes plant
1
_
genotyping protocols that have
been used at CIP's Molecul ar Biology Laborato ry.
This in cludes pl ant DNA extraction, plasmid
extraction, PCR amplifi cati on of plasmid inserts,
non-rad ioactive RFLP analysis, random amp l ified
polymorphic DNA, single-sequence repeats,
amplified fragment length polymorphism, DNA ge l
electrophoresis, and TAQ polymerase purification.

~----

lntegrated Control of Bacteria!

Wilt of Potato. 5. Priou, P. Aley, E.
Chujoy, B. Lemaga, and E. French.

7999. CJP Slide Training Series IV3. Slideset (57 slides) and Cuide
(30 pages). Available in English and
Spa nish. Bacteri a! w ilt- also
11

known as " patato brown rot -is

caused by the Ralstonia
solanacearum bacterium, w hi ch affects more th an
30 plant species and is the second most important
constraint to patato produ ction in trop ica l and
subtrop ica l reg ions. Spread of the pathogen has
been assoc iated with disseminat ion via latent ly
infected planting materi al. These training materials
present elements of pathogen detection, disease
symptomato logy, and epidemiol ogy as we ll as
contro l components, and are intended for use in
training nationa l patato program staff on the
integrated management of bacteri a! w ilt in
developing countries.

For more
information on
CIP training
materials or
curriculum (see
p. 22) please
contact CIP
Training (ciptraining@cgiar.org)
or check the
Training Section
of the CIP
website.

Produccin de Tubrculos-Semillas
de Papa. O.A. Hidalgo, (ed.). CIP.

7999. 2nd edition. Training

Manual. 293 pages. A training
manual composed of 26 sections
add ress in g th e most importa nt
tapies related to the production and
handling of hi gh-qu ality patato
seed tubers. The manual is aimed fo r use in the
training of patato techno logists and practitioners
invo lved in th e different phases of a patato seed
production program, as we ll as in the organ izational
and managerial aspects of altern ati ve seed supp ly
sc hemes.

NCM ELISA Kit: lnstructions for

Detecting Ralstonia solanacearum
in Potato. CIP. 7999. Video (N TSC

37 minutes) and lnstruction Manual

(25 pages). Available in Chinese,
English, and Spanish. This set of

training materi als includes an

instru ction video and manual on the
use of CIP's kit fo r NCM-ELISA
(e nzyme- linked immunosorbent assay on
nitroce llul ose membrane using enri ched samp les).
The kit can be used for detection of the bacteria!
w ilt pathogen R. solanacearum in latently infected
patato tubers-essential for prod uci ng and
maintai ning hi gh-q uality seed production systems. lt
can also be used for va ri etal eval uation of bacteria!
w ilt res ista nce or fo r disease ep idemio logy research.

21 -

Workshops, Courses, and Conferences

Sponsors

Participating Countries

Stakeholders' wo rkshop on integrated management of

potato late blight

IFAD

Bangladesh, Bo livia, China, Eth iopia, Kenya, Peru , Uganda

Field train ing on improved methods fo r potato seed

prod uction

CIP

Bangladesh

Course on seed and ware potato production

technology training

SDC/PRP

Nepal

Course on arracacha agroindu stry marketing

development

CIP/CO NDESAN

Bolivia, Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

UPWAR D training cou rse on participatory research

CIP/ UPWARD

China

ln-cou ntry cou rse on integrated d isease management

CIP/UPWARD

China

CIP-China Annual M eeting

CIP/UPWARD

China, Indonesia, Philippines

Regional workshop on late blight

CIP

Bolivia, Colombi a, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

lnter-regional IPM workshop

IAF/ARARIWA/CIP

Bo livia, Colombi a, Ecuador, Peru , USA, Venezue l

Regional workshop on informal/formal potato seed

systems

CIP/BARI

Bangladesh

Farmers' field day on in fo rmal potato seed production

CIP/BARI

Bangladesh

Workshop on morphologica l characterization of

A ndean tubers

SDC

Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru

Workshop on use of NCM-ELISA kit for BW detection

CIP

Bangladesh, Ind ia

Workshop on participatory IPM program

CIP

Indonesia

Course on rap id multi plication and produ ction of

potato seed

CIP

Bangladesh , Philippines

Global Mountain Forum Latin America workshop

Global Mountain Forum/

CONDESAN/ Consorcio
Surandino/SDC

Argentina, Bolivia, Canada, Ch ile, Peru

Third course o n mathematica l models for crop-growth

simulation

Universidad Federal Rio de

Janeiro

Brazil, Peru , Uruguay

Course on patato production

CIP

Bangladesh

ln ternational workshop on quinoa

DANIDA/C IP/U niversidad

Nacional Agraria- La Molina

Argentina, Bolivia, Ch ile, Colombia, Czech Repu lic, Denmark,

Ecuador, France, Greece, ltaly, Mexico, Peru, Po i d, Tunisia

Andean workshop on gender analys is for partic ipative

resea rch

CGIAR Systemwide Program

on Partic ipatory Research and
Gender Analysis/PROINPA/
CARE/C IP

Bo livia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru

Workshop on genotype by environment (GxE)

interactions in sweetpotato; sweetpotato breeding tour

PRAPACE/BMZ/GTZ/
SARRNET/ CIP

Burund i, D.R . Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malaw i, N mibia, Peru ,

Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambi , Z imbabwe

SARRNET regional co urse on root crops (cassava and

sweetpotato) research and management

Seeds of Freedom Project

Ango la, Mozambique

Workshop on baseline statistics and impact indicators

CIP/PRAPACE

Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, M adagascar, Rwand a, udan,

Tanzania, Ugand a

Wo rkshop for FFS faci litators for late blight IPM

CIP/IFAD

China

Nationa l workshop on informal quality seed potato

prod uction throu gh producer groups approach

CIP/SDC

Nepal

Seminar on agri cultura! techn o logy transfer

Ministry of Agriculture/
University of Asmara

Eritrea

Workshop on potato integrated disease management

needs assessment survey

UPWARD/CIP

China

lntegrated disease management analys is

SDC

Nepa l

Workshop on NCM-ELISA kit for BW detection

CIP

China

22

Workshops, Courses, and Conferences

Sponsors

Participating Countries

Project leaders meeting: Biodiversity of Andean tubers

CIP/SDC

Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru

lnter-center regional course on research management

ISNAR/PRAPACE

Burkina Faso, Burundi, D.R. Congo, Rwanda

Field day on potato varieties and seed

PRAPACE/CIP

Uganda

Regional course on root crop management R&D of

cassava and sweetpotato

llTA/SARRNET

Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South

Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Potato production course (emphasis on seed

production): Phase 1 & 11

CIP/SDC

Pakistan

ln-country course curriculum development for FFS for

integrated management of late blight

NARO/AFRICARE/IFAD/CIP

Uganda

ln-country IPM of potato tuber moth

CIP

Egypt

Course on NCM-ELISA kit for BW detection

CIP/CABl/KARI

Kenya, Uganda

Regional course on the use of sweetpotato in raising

vitamin A intake

PRAPACE/CIP

D.R. Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Uganda

Late blight national network coordination meeting

CIP

Peru

SARRNET stakeholders' review and planning

conference: Cassava and sweetpotato research and
development in southern Africa

SARRNET/CIP

Zimbabwe

Field day on potato varieties and seed

KARl/CIP

Kenya

ln-country potato production course (emphasis on seed

production): Phase 1 & 11

CIP/SDC

Pakistan

lntegrated root crops needs assessment analysis and

project planning workshop

CIP/UPWARD

Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam

Potato production course (emphasis on

seed production)

CIP/SDC

Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Workshop on hybrid TPS: technology and utilization

CIP

China

ln-country course on potato virus detection (NCMELISA)

CIP

Vietnam

ln-country course on sweetpotato breeding

CIP

China

Molecular markers for late blight characterization

CIP/GILB

Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru

Third lnternational Symposium on Systems Approaches

for Sustainable Agricultura! Development (SAAD 111)

ICASA/CIP/UNALM

Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Bolivia, Canada, Chile,

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, India, Kenya,
Mexico, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Peru, Philippines, Portugal,
Spain, Thailand, Uruguay, UK, USA, Venezuela

Workshop on methods for analysis of agricultura!

markets in eastern and southern Africa

CIP/ICRAF/llTA/ILRl/ICRISAT/
IPGRl/CIAT

Burundi, Cameroon, D.R. Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar,

Malawi, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Regional course on sweetpotato germplasm

management and characterization

CIP

India

Molecular markers workshop

CIP

Peru

Course/workshop on arracacha management

CIP/SDC

Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, USA

Advanced virology course

CIP

Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela

Training of FFS facilitators

CIP/FAO

Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru

Participatory research through FFS

CIP/IFAD

Bolivia

Participatory research through FFS; training of

facilitators

CIP/IFAD

Bangladesh

Training-of-trainers (TOT) workshop

CIP/FAO

Ecuador

CARE-CIP planning meeting for FFS

IFAD

Peru

National planning meeting: Analysis of FFS

IFAD

Peru

23 -

Research Partners
Africa
AFRICARE, Uganda AGERI Agricultura! Genetic Engineering Re
Egypt Agricultura! Research Council , South Africa Agricultura! Re
Tan za ni a AHI African Highlands lni tiative Angola Seeds of Fre
Arapai Co ll ege, Uganda ARC Agriculture Research Center, Eg
Association for Strengthening Agricultura! Research in Eastern and

earch lnstitute,
earc h ln stitute,
dom Project
pt ASARECA
entral Africa

Awasa Research Centre, Ethiopia Bvumbwe Research Station , alawi CPRA

Centre de Perfectionnement et de Recyclage Agricole de Sa"lda, 1unisia EARO
Eth iop ian Agricultura! Research Organization (formerly IAR) ESH E ole Supri eure
d'Horticulture, Tuni sia IAV lnstitut Agronomique et Vtrinaire H as an 11 , Morocco
INERA, lnstitut Nationale d' Etudes et de Recherches Agricoles, D.R. Congo INRA
lnstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Morocco INRAT 1 stitut National
de la Recherche Agronomique de Tuni sie IRA ln stitut de Recherch Agronomique,
Cameroon ISABU ln stitut des Sciences Agronomiq es du Burundi
JKUAT )orno Kenyatta Univers ity of Agriculture a d Tech no logy,
Kenya KARI Kenyan Agricultura! Research lnstit te Makerere
University, Uganda Ministry of Agriculture, Eritrea MSIRI
Mauritius Sugar lndustry Research lnstitute NA I RI Namulonge
Agricultura! and Animal Research lnstitute, U15anda NARO
National Agricultura! Research Organization, Uganda PPRI i lant Protection
Research ln stitute, Egypt PRAPACE Programme Rgional de I' Amlioration de la
Culture de la Pomme de Terre et de la Patate Douce en Afrique Centr le et de l'Est
SARRNET Southern Africa Root Crop Research Network HDI Self-Help
Development lntern ational , Ethiopia TFNC Tanzania Food and Nu rition Centre
University of Asmara, Eritrea University of Nairobi, Kenya
Asia

and

e Pacific

AARI Aegean Agricultura! Research lnstitute, Turkey AIT ,Ajsian lnstitute of

Techno logy AREA Agricultura! Research and Extension AutHority, Yemen
ASPRAD Asan Sweetpotato and Potato Research and Deve lb pment BARI
Bangladesh Agricultura! Research lnstitute Benguet State Universit , Philippines
BRC Biotechnology Research Center, Vietnam CAAS Chin se Academy of
Agri cultura! Sciences CAF College for Agriculture and Forestry, Vibtnam CAREBangladesh Cendrawasi h University, Indones ia Chi ang Mai Uni r rsity, Thail and
Ch in a Agricultura! Uni versity CIAD Center for lntegr ted Agricultura!
Development, China CNCQS Chinese National Centre for Quality $upervision and
Test of Feed CPPI Chongqing Plant Protection lnstitute, China CPRI Central
Potato Research ln sti tute, India CRIFC Centra l Research lnstitute or Food Crops,
Indonesia CRIH Central Research ln stitute for Horticulture, lnd nesia CTCRI
Central Tuber Crops Research lnstitute, Indi a Department of Agr culture, Phichit
Horticultura! Research Center, Thailand DRCFC Dalat Research enter for Food
Crops, Vietnam FAO Community IPM Program, Vietnam and lnb onesia Food
Crop Research ln stitute, Vietnam GAAS Guangdong Academ of Agricultura!
Sciences, China HAU Hanoi Agricu lture Uni versity, Vietna 1 HKU Hong
Kong University HORDI, Horticultura! Research and Deve lopmf nt ln stitute, Sri
Lanka HUAF Hue University for Agri culture and Forestry, Vietn m Hung Loe

Agriculture Research Center, Vietnam ICAR lndian Council of

Agricultura! Research IPB Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia
JAAS Jiangsu Academy of Agricultura! Sciences, China MARDI Malaysia
Agriculture Research Development lnstitute MARS Mwara Agricultura! Research
lnstitute, Indonesia Mianning Agriculture Bureau, China Mitra Tani, Indonesia
MMSU Mariano Marcos State University, Philippines Nagoya University, Japan
Nanchong Agricultura! Research lnstitute, China National lnstitute of Animal
Husbandry, Vietnam NOMIARC Northern Mindanao Agricultura! Research Center,
Philippines NPRCRTC Northern Philippine Root Crops Research and Training
Center NPRP National Potato Research Program, Nepal NUS National University
of Singapore PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources, Research
and Development PDP Potato Development Program, Nepal PPD Plant
Protection Department, Vietnam PRCRTC, Philippine Root Crop Research and
Training Center PRP Potato Research Programme, Nepal PSPDP Pakistan-Swiss
Potato Development Program RDA Rural Development Agency, Korea RIFCB
Research lnstitute for Food Crops Biotechnology, Indonesia RILET Research
lnstitute for Legumes, Root and Tuber Crops, Indonesia RIV Research lnstitute for
Vegetables, Indonesia (formerly LEHRI) SAAS Shangdong Academy of Agricultura!
Sciences, China SAAS Sichuan Academy of Agricultura! Sciences, China SARIF
Sukamandi Research lnstitute for Food Crops, Indonesia SEARCA Southeast Asian
Regional Center for Graduate Studies and Research in Agriculture, Philippines
SPPC Centro de Investigacin de Semilla de Papa, Yemen TARI Taiwan Agricultura!
Research lnstitute TCRC Tuber Crop Research Center, Bangladesh University of
the Philippines-Los Baos UPM University Putra Malaysia UPWARD User's
Perspective with Agricultura! Research and Development, Philippines VASI
Vietnam Agriculture Science lnstitute ViSCA Visayas College of Agriculture,
Philippines XSPRC Xuzhou Sweet Potato Research Center, China YPPP Yemeni
Plant Protection Project YPPSE Foundation for Socio-Economic
Development, Indonesia Yunnan Agricultura! University, China
Euro pe

AB-DLO lnstitute for Agrobiology ar.id Soil Fertility, Netherlands

ARCS Austrian Research Centers Seibersdorf BBA Federal Biological Research
Centre for Agriculture and Forestry-lnstitute for Biological Control, Germany CABI
Bioscience, UK CIRAD Centre de Coopration lnternationale en Recherche
Agronomique pour le Dveloppement, France CPRO-DLO Centre for Plant
Breeding and Reproduction Research, Netherlands CRP-CU Centre de Recherche
Public Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg ENEA Comitato Nazionale per la Ricerca e
per lo Sviluppo dell'Energia Nucleare e delle Energie Alternative, ltaly GLKS
lnstitute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Germany IAC lnternational
Agricultura! Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands IAO lstituto Agronomico per
l'Oltremare, ltaly IBC lnstitute for Breeding of Crop Plants, Federal Center for
Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (Bundesanstalt fr Zchtungsforschung an
Kulturpflanzen), Germany IHAR Polish Plant Breeding and Acclimatization lnstitute
INIA Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria,
Spain INRA lnstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique, France IPO-DLO
lnstitute for Plant Protection, Netherlands

 IPR lnstitute for Potato Research, Poland IRD lnstitu

pour le Dve loppement (fo rmerly ORSTOM), France IZ lnstytut Zi e
MAE Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, Fran ce MPB Cologne, Ger
Max Pl anck ln stitute for Plant Breeding Resea rch, Germ any N.I. V

de Recherche
niaka, Pol and
any MPIBR
vi lov ln stitute,

Russia Nijmegen Uni versity, Netherl ands NRI Natural Resources lnstitute, UK
PGS Pl ant Genetic Systems, Belgium Roth amsted Experiment Sta ion, UK The
Sainsbury Laboratory, UK SCRI Scottish Crop Research ln stitute Uni versity of
Birm ingham, UK University of Gottingen, Germ any University pf Hohenheim,
Germany University of Kassel , ~erma n y Uni versity of 1el, Germ any
University of Naples, ltaly University of Tbingen , Germany Wageningen
Universi y, Netherl ands
Canada
Clemson University, USA Cornell Uni versity, USA Louisiana S ate U nivers ity,
USA McMaster University, Canada M iss issippi State University, SA Montana
State University, USA Michigan State U ni versity, USA Nort Carolina State
University, USA NRSP-6 US DA Potato Production lntroducti on Sta ion-Wisconsin
O hi o State U niversity, USA Oregon State U niversity, US Pl ant Gene
Expression Center, Un iversity of Californi a-Be rke ley, USA Potato R . search Centre,
Agriculture and Agri-F ood, Canada SPI Smart Pl ant lntern ational, U ~ A Uni vers ity
of Georgia, USA University of Minn esota, USA University of M issouri, USA
University of New Brunsw ick, Canada University of Wisconsin USA USDA
United States Department of Agriculture USVL United States Veget ( le Laboratory
Latn

Ame rica and

the

aribbean

ARARIWA Association fo r Andean Tech ni cal - Cultura l Promot io , Peru ASAR

Asoc iacin de Servic ios Artesan ales y Rura les, Bo livia c 4 RDI Caribbea n
Agri cu ltura! Research and Development ln stitute, Trinidad CAf E-Peru CBC
Centro Bartol om de las Casas, Peru CECOACAM Central de Coope ati vas Agrarias
de Caete y M ala, Peru CEMOR Cemor Editores & Promotores, Pe u Centros de
Reproducc in de Entomgenos y Entomopatge nos, Cuba CI AB Centro de
Investigac iones Agrco las A. Boerger, Uruguay CICA Centro de 1 vestigac in en
Cultivos Andino s, Peru CIED Centro de Investi gacin, Edu cac i ' n y Desarro ll o,
Peru CIRNMA Ce ntro de Investi gacin de Recursos Natu rales y M dio Ambiente,
Peru CLADES Consorcio Latinoameri cano de Agroeco loga y De arro llo, Peru
CNPH Centro Nac ional de Pesq ui sa de Hortali <;:as, Braz il CONDES N Consortium
for th e Sustain ab le Deve lopment of th e Andean Ecoregion Consor io Su randino
CORPOICA Corporacin del In stituto Co lombiano Agropecua io Direcc in
Nacional de Sa ni dad Vegeta l, Cuba EMBRAPA Empresa Brasil ira de Pesqu isa
Agropecuria, Brazil Empresas de Cultivos Varios del Ministerio de Agricu ltura,
Cuba FONAIAP Fondo Nacional de Investigac iones Agropecua ri s, Venez uela
FORTIPAPA Fortalec imi ento de la Investigac in y Produccin de S milla de Papa,
Ecuador Fundac in PROINPA Promocin e Investigacin de Prod ctos Andin os,
Boli via FUNDAG RO Fundacin para el Desarro ll o Agropecuari o, Ecuador IAN
Instituto Agronmico Nacional , Paraguay IASA lnstitu! Agropecuario
Superior Andino, Ecuador IDEA Instituto Intern ad nal de Estu dios
Avanza os, Venezuela

 IESR/ INTA Instituto de Economa y Sociologa Rural del INTA, Argentina llN
Instituto de Investigacin Nutricion al, Peru IMA Instituto de Manejo de Agua y
M ed io Ambiente, Peru INIA Instituto Nac ional de Investigac in Agraria, Peru
INIA In stituto Nac ional de Investigac iones Agropecuarias, Chile INIA Instituto
Nacional de Investigacion es Agropecuarias, Uruguay INIAP In stituto Nacional de
Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Ecuador INIFAP Instituto Nacional de
Investigac iones Forestales y Agropecuarias, Mexico INIVIT In stituto Nacional de
Investigac in de Viandas Tropi ca les, Cuba INTA Instituto Nacional de Tecnologa
Agropecuaria, Argentina Jeru sa len de Porcon Cooperative, Peru MIP Programa
de Manejo Integrado de Plagas, Dominican Republic PICA Programa de
Investigac in de Cultivos Andinos PICTIPAPA Programa Intern ac ion al de
Cooperacin del Tizn Tardo de la Papa, Mexico Pontificia Universidad Catlica
del Ecuador PRECODEPA Programa Regional Cooperativo de Papa SEAG
Servicio de Extensin Agrcola y Ganadera, Paraguay SEMTA Servicios Mltiples
de Tecno logas Apropiadas, Bolivia SENASA Servicio Nacion al de Sanidad Agraria,
Peru SINITTA Sistema Nacional de Investigac in y Transferenc ia de Tecno loga
Agra ri a, Peru SPG Sociedad Perua na de Gentica TALPUY Grupo de
In vestigac in y Desa rroll o de Ciencias y Tecnologa Andina, Peru Universidad de
Ambato, Ecuador Uni versidad Austral , Chi le Universidad Catlica de Santa
Maria, Peru Uni versidad Central, Ecuador Universidad Central de las Vi ll as,
Cuba Universidad Federal Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Universidad Jorge Basadre
Grohmann de Tacna, Peru Universidad M ayor de San Simn, Bolivia
Universidad Nac ional Agrari a, Peru Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Peru
Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru-Huancayo Universidad Nacional
Daniel Alcides Carrin, Peru Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Peru
Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad de Cusca, Peru Universidad Nacional
San Cristbal de Huamanga de Ayacucho, Peru Universidad Ricardo Palma, Peru
Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de lea, Peru
lnternational

AKF Aga Khan Foundation, Switzerland AVRDC Asan Vegetable Research and
Development Center, Taiwan CARE Cooperative far Assistan ce and Relief
Everywhere, USA CGIAR Consultative Group on lnternational Agricultura!
Research, USA CIAT Centro Intern ac ional de Agricultura Tropi ca l, Colombia
DECRG, Development Economi cs Research Group, World Bank, USA FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ltaly IAF lnterAmerican Foundation, USA ICASA lnternational Consortium far Agricultura!
Systems Applications, USA ICIMOD lntern ational Centre far lntegrated
Mountain Development, Nepal ICIPE lnternational Centre far ln sect Phys iology
and Ecology, Kenya ICRAF lntern at ional Centre far Research in Agrofarestry,
Kenya ICR ISAT lnternational Crops Research lnstitute far the Semi-Arid Tropics,
Indi a ICRW lnternational Center far Research on Women, USA IFPRI
lnternation al Food Policy Research lnstitute, USA llTA lnternational ln stitute of
Trop ica l Agriculture, Nigeria ILRI lntern ation al Livestock Research lnstitute, Kenya
IPGRI lntern ational Plant Genetic Resources lnstitute, ltaly ISNAR lnternational
Service far National Agricultura! Research, Netherlands Mountain Forum, USA
UNDP United Nations Development Programme, USA WE World Education (and
loca l partner NGOs) World V ision, USA

Director General-HusERT ZANDSTRA, PHD

Deputy Director General for Finance/
Administration-Jos VALLE-RIESTRA, PHD
Deputy Director General fo r Research-WAN DA
COLLINS, PHD
Director for lntern ational Cooperation-Rocrn
CRTBAOUI, PHD
Director General's Office
Christine Graves, MA, Senior Advisor
Mariella A ltet, Externa ! Relations Manager
Ruth Arce, Administrative Assistant
Marcela Checa, Administrative Assistant
Mara Elena Lanatta, Bilingual Secretary
Lilia Salinas, Administrative Assistant
Gladys Neyra, Administrative Assistant
H ayde Zelaya, Administrative Assistant
Office of the Executive Officer
Jos Lui s Rueda, PhD, Executive Officer
Gloria Sols, Administrative Assistant
Vernica de Armero, Guest House Supervisor
Human Resources
Lucas Reao, CPC, Human Resou rces Manager
Jan neth Carballido, Co mpensati on and Benefits
Assistant
Mnica Ferreyros, Auxiliary Services Supervisor
David H alfin, MD
Sor Lapoub le, Auxiliary Services Assistant
Estani slao Prez, Compensation and Benefits
Assistant
Martha Pirola, Social Worker, Supervisor
Lucero Schmidt, Nurse
M ara Amelia Tvara, Bilingual Secretary
Yone r Varas, Compensation and Benefits Assistant
Logistics & General Services
Aldo Tang, Comdr.(r.), Logistic and General
Services Manager
Pilar Bernui, Bilingual Secretary
Silvia Crdova, Bilingua l Secretary
Hugo Davis, Veh ic le Maintenance Officer
Xi men a Ganoza, Purchasing Supervisor
Ati lio Guerrero, Vehic le Programmer
Jorge Locatelli , Capt.(r.), Security Supervisor
Jorge Luque, MBA, Warehouse Supervisor
Micheline Moncloa, Front Desk Supervisor
Antonio Morill o, Ma intenance Supervisor
Jos Pizarro, Purchasing Supervisor
Carme la Salaza r, Bilingual Secretary
ltalo Sol ari , Electronic Tech ni cian 2
Djordje Ve li ckov ich , Pilot
Saturnino Zapata, El ectronic Tech ni cian'
Percy Zuzunaga, Pi lot
Travel Office
Ana Mara Secada, Travel Office Supervisor
*Project leader. 'Jo in ed during the year. 2 Left durin g the yea r.
Fun ded by special project. 4Joint appointm ent.

28

Office of the Chief Financia! Officer

Carlo s Nio-Neira, CPA, CFO
1
Amal1a Lanatta, Administrative Assistant
Accounting Unit
Miguel Saavedra, CPA, General Ac ountant
Sandra Albarracn , Accountant 2
Eli ana Bardalez, CPA, Senior Accountant
Edgardo de los Ros, CPA, Senior Adcountant
Saskia Snchez Ferrer, Bilingual Sedretary 1
Rodm el Guzmn, Accountant Assist nt
Blanca Joo, CPA, Accountant
Silvia Loayza, Bilingual Secretary
Ernesto Olivera, Accountant 2
Milagros Patio, BA, Accountant
Eduardo Peralta, Accountant
Carmen Ramos, Bilingu al Secretary
Csar Tapi a, Accountant Assistant
Budget Unit
Alberto Monteblanco, CPA, Senior ccountant
Treasury Unit
Denise Giacoma, CPA, Treasurer
Sonnia Solari , Chief Cashier
Crop lmprovement and
Genetic Resources Department
Merideth Bonierbale, PhD, Senior Potato Breeder
He ad
1
'
Walter Amors, MS, Agronomist, Research
Associate_
1
Carlos Arb1zu , PhD, Andean Crops Spec ial ist
Ted Carey, PhD, Pl ant Breeder 2 (CIP-['ia irobi )
Enrique Chuj oy, PhD, Geneticist (CIR-Bogor)
Ramzy El-Bed ewy, PhD, Plant Breed r (C IP-N ai robi )
Nelly Espinola, MS, Nutritionist, Research Associate
Marc Ghis lain, PhD, Molecular Biol dg ist
Michael Herm ann , PhD, Andean Crdps Specialist*
Miguel Holle, PhD, Ande an Crops Cbordinator*
Zsimo Huamn, PhD, Germplasm
Sven Jacobsen, PhD, Plant Breeder
Juan Landeo, PhD, Plant Breeder
11 Gin Mok, PhD, Plant Breeder 2 (C IP Bogor)
Carlos Oc hoa, MS, Taxonom ist, Scie tist Emeritus
Alberto Salas, Agronom ist, Research ssociate
Peter Schmiediche, PhD, Plant Bree er, ECA
Coordinator (C IP-Berlin )
Mara Scurrah, PhD, Ad jun ct Scienti t
Bocio Trogn itz, PhD , Geneticist
Mahesh Upadhya, PhD, Plant Breed r, Principal
Scientist*
K.Y. Xie, PhD, Patato Expert, IFAD P oject
Coordinator (C IP-Beijing)
Da Peng Z han g, PhD, Plant Breeder, Bioinformatics
Unit Head *
Jorge Benavides, Biologist, Research Assistant
Ral Bi as, Resea rch Ass istant 2
Giorgio Bollo, MS, Research Assista 1t 12
Rolando Cabe ll o, Agronomist, Research Assistant
G ise ll e Cipri an i, Bi o logist, Research 1 ss istant

Lorena Danessi, Bilingual Secretary

Silvia de la Flor, Bilingual Secretary
Lui s Daz, Agronomist, Resea rch Assistant
Jorge Esp inoza, MS, Agronomist, Resea rch Assistant
Manu el Gastelo, MS, Agronomist, Resea rch
Assi stant
Ren A. Gmez, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Mara Lui sa Guevara Fujita, Biologist
Angela (orin a H aya no, Research Assista nt 1
Carmen Herrera, Biologist, Research Assistant
Mara del Rosario Herrera, Biologist, Resea rch
Assistant
Elij ah lgunza, Purchasing (CIP-Nairobi)
Philip Kiduyu, PQS, (CIP-Nairobi)
M aman Kusmana, BS, Research Assistant (C IPBogo r)
M aritza Luque, Bilingual Secretary
Thomas M charo, MS, Sweetpotato Breedin g,
Resea rch Ass istant (C IP-Nairob i)
Mari ana M artin, Bilingual Secretary
Eli sa Mihovil ovich, MS, Biologist, Resea rch
Ass istant
Mara Cec ili a Miki Ninomiya, MS, Resea rch
A ss istant 3 1
George Ngundo, BS, PQS, (CIP-Nairobi)
Nin a Li sna Nings ih, MS, Research Assistant 2 (CIPBogor)
Luis H. opo, Biologist, Research Ass istant
Matilde O rrill o, Biologist, Research Assistant
An a Lu z Panta, BS, Biologist, Resea rch Assistant
Leticia Portal , BS, Biologist, Resea rch Ass istant
Dani el Reynoso, MS, Agronomist, Resea rch
Assistant
Flor de Mara Rodrguez, BS, Resea rch Ass ista nt
Rosa Salaza r, Bilingual Secretary
Reinh ard Simon, MS, Visiting Sci enti st (University of
Jena, Ge rm any)
lstanti Surviani, BS, Research Assistant (CIP-Bogor)
Tjintokohadi , BS, Research Assistant (CIP-Bogor)
Judith Tol edo, BS, Biologist, Research Assi stant
Fanny Vargas, BS, Agronomist, Resea rch Assi stant
Crop Protection Department
Lui s Salazar, PhD, Virologist, Principal Scienti st,
H ead *
Jess Al cza r, MS, Agronomist, Resea rch Associate
Teresa Ames, PhD, Scientist Emeritu s
Y.P. Bi, PhD, Virologist (CIP-Beijing)
Fausto Cisnero s, PhD, Entomologist*
Solveig Danielsen, PhD, Associ ate Expert 4 (Royal
Veterin ary and Agricultura! University)
Greg Forbes, PhD, Plant Pathol og ist (C IP-Qu ito)
Edward French, PhD, Scientist Emeritu s
Segundo Fuentes, MS, Plant Patho log ist, Resea rch
Assoc iate
Guillemette Carry, PhD, Ph ytopatho log ist, Associate
Expert
Stefan Kell er, MS, Agronomist, Assoc iate Scientist

Aziz Lagn ao ui, PhD, Entomologist*

Rebecca Nelson, PhD, Molecular Pathologist*
Modesto Olanya, PhD, Pathologist 1 (CIP-N airob i)
Mara Palac ios, Biologist, Research Associate
Sylvie Priou, PhD, Bacteriologist3
Maddal ena Querci, PhD, Molecular Vi rologist*
Nicole Smit, PhD, Entomologist 2 * (CIP-Kampal a)
Marc Sporleder, MS, Agronomist, Assoc iate Sc ientist
Hebert Torres, MS, Plant Pathologist, Research
Asso ciate
Lod J. Turkensteen , PhD, Adjunct Scienti st (based in
Netherl and s)
Elske van de Fliert, PhD, IPM Specialist* (C IP-B ogo r)
Yi W ang, PhD, Plant Physiologist, Li aison Scienti st
(CIP-Beijing)
Ped ro Al ey, MS, Plant
Pathologist, Research Assistant
Jen i Barbaza, Resea rch Assistant 2
Ida Bartolini , MS, Biochemist,
Research Assistant
Mnica Bl anco, Bilingual
Secretary
Vern ica Caedo, Biologist,
Resea rch As sistant
Ma. Gabriela Chacn,
Pathol og ist (CIP-Quito)
Carlos Ch uquill anqui, BS,
Agronomist, Resea rch Assistant
Christi an Delgado, MS,
Biochemist, Research Assistant 2
Carmen Dyer, MS,
Admini strative Assistant 1
Lynn Erelyus, Pathologist 2 (C IP-Quito)
Viol eta Fl ores, Biologist, Research Ass istant
Sol edad Gamboa, Biologist, Resea rch Assistant
Erwin Guevara, Agronomist, Researc h Ass istant
Liliam Gutarra, Agronomist, Researc h Assistant
An a Hurtado, BS, Biologist, Researc h Assistant
Francisco Jarrn, Pathologist (CIP-Quito)
Charlotte Li zrraga, MS, Plant Patho log ist, Assista nt
Coordinator Global lniti ative on Late Blight
Julio Molineros, Pathologist 2 (CIP-Quito)
Joseph M udi ope, MS, Entomologist 3 (CIP-Kampala)
Norma Muji ca, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Giovanna Mull er, Biologist, Research Assistant
Vincent O giro, BS, Research Assistant (C IPKamp ala)
Peter Ojiambo, MS, Pathologist, Research Ass ista nt
(CIP-N airobi)
Ricard o Orrego, Agronomist, Research Assistant
Willmer Prez, MS, Plant Pathologist, Resea rch
Assistant
Karin a Petrovich, Bil ingual Secretary
Pao la Ramn , Pathologist ' (C IP-Quito)
Ru smadi, BS, Resea rch Assistant (CIP-Bogor)
Magnoli a Santa Cru z, Biologist, Research Assistant
Mirtha So ldev ill a, Secreta ry

C. ATALAYA

29 -

Ana M ari a Taboada, BS, Bi ologist, Research

Assi stant
Jorge Tenorio, MS, Biologi st, Research Ass istant
A lcira Vera, Biol ogist, Research Assi stant
W arsito, BS, Resea rch Assistant (C IP-Bogor)
Juli a Zamudio, Bilingual Sec retary
Octavio Zegarra, Bi olog ist, Research Ass istant

Production Systems and Natural Resource

Management Department

C. ATALAYA

Roberto Q uiroz, PhD, Land Use Systems Speci ali st 3,

Head *
Wa lter Bowen, PhD, Nutrient Cycl ing Spec iali st4
(IFD C)
T.R. Daya l, PhD, Sweetpotato Breeder2 (C IP-Delhi )
Andr Devaux, PhD, Agron omi st, Coo rdin ator,
And ean Potato Project (Papa Andin a)
Fern ando Ezeta, PhD, Agro nomist, CIP-LAC
Regi onal Representati ve
A lberto Go nz les, MS, Research Assoc iate,
Phytopathologist (Huancayo)
Vital Hagenimana, PhD , Food Sc ienti st4 (NRl) (C IPNairob i)
Dominique Herv, PhD, Visit ing Scientist4 (I RD,
fo rm erl y ORSTOM)
Osear A. Hidalgo, PhD, Proj ect Leader (C IP/SDC
Proj ect-l slamabad 3)
Robert J. Hijmans, MS, Geographic lnfo rmati on
Sci enti st 3
Sarath ll angantil eke, PhD, Posth arvest Spec ialist,
CIP-SWA Reg ional Representati ve (C IP-Delhi)
Upali Jayas inghe, PhD, V irologist* (CIP- Bogor)
M.S. Kh adi an, PhD, Agron omi st (CIP-Delhi )
V. S. Kh ata na, PhD, Socioeco nomist 2 (C IP-Delhi)
Berh ane Kifl ewahid 3, PhD, ASARECNCIP,
Coord inator, Tec hnology Transfer Project (CIPNairobi )
Berga Lemaga, PhD , Agron omi st 3, Reg ional
Research Fell ow, AHI (to May 1999); PRAPACE
Coordin ator (CIP- Kampala) (from May 1999)
Ca rlos Len-Vel ard e, PhD, Anim al Produ cti on
Systems Speci ali st 4 (ILRI )
N .B. Lutalad io, PhD, PRAPACE Coordin ator2,3 (C IPKampala) (to M ay 1999)
Elias Muji ca, MS, Anthropologist, Adjun ct Scienti st,
CONDESA N 3
Christopher O ates, PhD, Food Sc ienti st (based in
Th ail and)
Deepak O jh a, PhD , Seed Spec ialist (CIP/SDC
Proj ect-Kathm andu3)
Noel Palla is, Ph D, Phys iol ogist, Head of Seed Unit
Joshu a Posner, PhD, Agron omi st, Coordin ato r,
CONDESAN 3
Binod Saha, PhD, Regional Coordin ator/M W R2 (C IP/
SDC Project-Kathmandu 3)
M ari o Tapi a, PhD, Agro-eco logist, CO NDESA N 3

30

K,C Th akur, PhD, Potato Breeder (Clr-Delhi )

Basa nt Th apa, PhD, Reg ional Coo rdi ator/FW P2
(CIP/S DC Project-Kathmandu 3)
M ara de los Ange les Laura, Bilin gua Secreta ry,
CON DESAN
Su shma Arya, MS, Accounta nt/Program Coord inator
(C IP-Delhi)
1
Guill ermo Baigorri a, M S, Climato logist, Resea rch
Ass istant
Ciro Barrera, MS, Pl ant Pathologist, esearch
Ass istant
1
Lili n Basantes, Tra inin g Speci ali st' (IC IP-Q uito)
Jimena Bazoa lto, Resea rch Assistant'
Bahad ur Bhanda ri , BS, Accountant (<I IP/ SDC
1
Proj ect-Kathmandu 3)
Au rora Cornejo, Bilingual Secretary
Lui s Esc udero, Agron omi st' (CIP-Qui to)
Rosa ri o Fal c n, BS, Bi o logist, Resea rt h Ass istant
Enri que Grande, Techni cian
Al do Gutarra, BS, Research Assi stant
Lui sa Hu accho, M S, Resea rch Ass ist nt 2
Sukendra M ahalaya, BS, lnform ati on Management
Officer (CIP- Bogor)
Ati f Ma nzoor, BS, Accoun ta nt (C IP/S C Projectlslamabad3)
Rosari o M arcovich, Bilingual Sec retary '
1
Isabe l M el , Bilingual Secretary
L. Mony, BS, Secretary (C IP-Delhi)
Fab ian Mu oz, Stati sti cia n/Compute Systems
Spec ialist (C IP-Quito)
Ma ria na Prez, Medi ca l Research SR/ec iali st' (C IPQ uito)
An a Mara Ponce, MS, lnfoAndin a, ONDESA N 3
Zareen Siddi qi, BA, Secreta ry (CIP/Sib c Projectlslamabad3)
lvo nne Valdi zn, Bilingual Secreta r
Andrs Vall adolid, Resea rch Ass istant',
CO NDESAN 3
Percy Zorogast a, MS, Research Ass stant

Social Sciences Department

Thomas W alker, PhD, Eco nomi st, P incipal
Sc ienti st, Head*
Jane A lumira, PhD, Soc io log istu, R gional Research
Fell ow, Afri ca n Hi ghl ands lniti at iv (CIP-N airobi )
Th omas Bern et, M S, Eco nomist, Swiss Assoc iate
Expert 3
Dindo Ca mpil an, PhD, Soc iol ogist ( IP-Los Baos)
Ch arl es Crissman, PhD , Eco nomi st, iaison Scienti st
(C IP-Q uito)
Ru bn Daro Estrada, MS, Natu ra l Resources
Economi st4 (S DC M ounta in Agri culi ure)(based at
CIAT)
Pete r Ew ell , PhD, Economi st, CIP-S
Reg ional
Representati ve (CIP-N airobi)
Hu go Fano, M S, Economi st, Resea r h Assoc iate2

Keith Fuglie, PhD, Agricultura! Economist, CIPESEAP Regional Representative (from December
1999) (CIP-Bogor)
Osear Ortiz, PhD, Special Project Coordinator
Joseph Otieno, PhD, Geographer 2 ,3 , Rockefeller
Foundation Fellow (CIP-Kampala)
Dai Peters, PhD, Rural Development Specialist (CIPHanoi)
Gordon Prain, PhD, Social Anthropologist, CIPESEAP Regional Representative (to November
1999); Coordinator, Urban and Peri-Urban
Agriculture* (from November 1999)
Sonia Salas, MS, Food Technologist, Research
Associate
Gregory Scott, PhD, Economist*
Scott Swinton, PhD, Visiting Economist (Michigan
State University) 1' 2
Steve Sherwood, MS, Training Specialist
Graham Thiele, PhD, Technology Transfer
Specialist 3 Andean Potato Project (Papa AndinaCochabamba)
Ral Alvarez, BS, Economist 1
Patricio Espinoza, Agricultura! Economist (CIP-Quito)
Cristina Fonseca, MS, Agronomist, Research
Assistant
Luzmila Gordillo, BE, Research Assistant 1' 2
Virginia Kirumba, Admin. Secretary (CIP-Nairobi)
Luis Maldonado, BA, Economist, Research Assistant
Rosemary Muttungi, Secretary (CIP-Nairobi)
Eliana Mogni, Bilingual Secretary
Alice Njoroge, Secretary (CIP-Nairobi)
Simon Obaga, Accounts (CIP-Nairobi)
Joanne Sears, MA, CICRTCR Assistant
Vctor Surez, Statistician, Assistant
Rachman Suherman, MS, Research Assistant 1 (CIPBogor)
Zandra Vsquez, Bilingual Secretary
Caecilia Afra Widyastuti, BS, Research Assistant
(CIP-Bogor)
Y.J. Yang, MS, Administrative Assistant (CIP-Beijing)
P. Zhou, BA, Secretary/Accountant (CIP-Beijing)
Training Unit
Patricio Malagamba, PhD, Head
Martha Huanes, Training Coordinator
Mercedes Suito, Bilingual Secretary
Nelson Espinoza, Biologist, Training Specialist 2
Amrico Valdez, MS, Training Material Specialist2
Communications Unit
Steve Kearl, MS, Senior Writer/Editor, Head (to April
1999) 2
Christine Graves, MA, Acting Head (September to
December 1999)
Candelaria Atalaya, Photography Head
Mariella Corvetto, Communication Services
Coordinator

Ruth Delgado, Exhibits/Display, Assistant

Nini Fernndez-Concha, Graphic Designer,
Assistant
Mara Amparo Galindo, Bilingual Secretary 2
Milton Hidalgo, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Abigai 1 Hol lister, MS, Writer/Editor
Cecilia Lafosse, Chief Designer
Godofredo Lagos, Print Chief
Vctor Madrid, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Anselmo Morales, Graphic Designer, Assistant
Ana Luisa Muoz, Photography Assistant
Flix Muoz, Publications, Assistant
Zoraida Portillo, Writer/Spanish Editor
Alfredo Puccini, Graphic Designer, Assistant

C. ATALAYA

lnformation Technology Unit

Anthony Collins, MS, Head
Mnica Arias, BE, User Support 2
Liliana Bravo, BE, User Support
Andrea Cceres, User Support
Moiss Fernndez, Systems Analyst, Administrative
Systems (DBA)
Jos Navarrete, Systems Support 2
Pa Mara Oliden, Database Administrator
Erika Orozco Morales, BE, User Support 1
Giancarlo Rodrguez, User Support
Eric Romero, Eng., Systems Administrator
Edgardo Torres, Eng., Systems Development Analyst
Alberto Vlez, Eng., Network Administrator
Library
Cecilia Ferreyra, Head
Rosa Ghilardi, Bilingual Secretary
Griselda Lay, Librarian, Assistant
Glenda Negrete, Librarian, Assistant
Field Research Support
Vctor Otaz, PhD, Head
Csar Aguilar, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse
Supervisor, Research Assistant (San Ramn)
Magaly Aspiazu, Administrative Assistant (Santa
Catalina)
Susan Barriga, Accountant (Santa Catalina)
Roberto Duarte, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse
Supervisor (La Molina)
Hugo Goyas, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse
Supervisor (Huancayo)
Carmen Lara, Secretary
Ricardo Rodriguez, Agronomist, Field/Greenhouse
Supervisor (Santa Catalina)
Bioinformatics Unit
Da Peng Zhang, PhD, Plant Breeder, Head*
Alfredo Garca, MS, Experimental Statistics 2
Fedora ltabashi, Systems Analyst, Assistant 1
Felipe de Mendiburu, Engineer, Assistant

31 -

This list uncludes

CIP's principal
contad points
worldwide, by
region. For more
details, contad

CIP HEADQUARTERS

lntern ation al Potato Center (C IP)

Avenida La Uni versidad 795 , La Molina
P.O. Box 15 58
Lima 12, Peru
Phone: (51-1) 349-601 7/5 783/5777
Fax: (5 1-1 ) 349-5638
E-mail : c ip@cg iar. org
W ebsite: w ww.cipotato.org
Contact: lntern ati onal Cooperati on O ffice

the lnternational
Cooperation
Office (cipintcoop@cgiar.org).

LATIN AMERICA ANO THE CARIBBEAN (LAC)

Regional Office Peru

(sa me address, telephone, and fax as CIP
headquarters)
E-m ail: c ip-l ac@cg iar.org
Contact: Fern ando Ezeta, LAC Regional
Represe ntati ve
Andean Potato Project (Papa Andina)
Peru
(sa me address, te lephon e, and fax as CIP
headquarters)
E-mail: a.deva ux@cg iar.org
Contact: Andr Deva ux, Proj ect Coordinato r
Bolivia
c/o Fundac in PRO INPA
Avenida Bl anco Ga lindo Km . 12 .5
Ca ll e C. Prado s/n (Quill aco ll o)
P.O. Box 42 85
Cochabamba, Bo li via
Ph one: (59 1-4) 360-800/8 01
Fax: (59 1-4) 360-802
E-mail : proinpa@cgiar.org or pro inpa@pro in pa.org
Contact: Graham Thiel e, Techno logy Tran sfer
Spec ialist
Liaison Office Ecuador
lntern ation al Potato Center
Santa Catalin a Expe riment Stati on
Km . 14 Panam eri ca na Sur
P. O . Box 17-21-1 9 77
Q uito, Ecuad or
Phone: (59 3-2) 69 0-362/363/923
Fax: (5 9 3-2 ) 692 -604
E-mail : cip-quito@cg iar.org
Co ntact: Charl es Cri ssman , Liai so n Sc ientist
Networks
CONDESAN (Consortium for th e Su stainabl e
Deve lo pment of th e Andean Ecoregion)
(same address, te lep hone, and fax as CIP
headquarters)

32

E-mail : co ndesan@cgiar.org
W ebsite: www.condesa n.o rg
Contact: Joshua Posner, Coordinato r
GILB (G lobal lniti ati ve on Late Blight
(same address, telepho ne, and fax as CIP
headq ua rters)
E-m ail: gilb@cgiar.org
W ebsite: www. cipotato.org/gilb.htm
Contact: Wand a Co llin s, G ILB Coo rd inator
GMP (G lobal Mountain Program )
1
(same ad dress, teleph one, and fax as ICIP
headqu arters )
E-m ail : r.quiroz@cg iar. org
Contact: Roberto Quiroz, Program C ordin ator
SuB-SAHARAN AFRICA (SSA)

Regional Office Kenya

lntern ati o nal Potato Center
e/o ILRI
P.O . Box 25 1 71
Na irobi , Kenya
Ph one: (254-2) 632-05 4
Fax: (254-2 ) 630-005 or 63 1-499
Telex: 22 040
Cabl e: CIPAPA, N airobi
E-mail : c ip-nbo@cg iar.org
Contact: Peter Ewe l 1, SSA Regional

eprese ntati ve

Liaison Office Uganda

lntern ati onal Potato Center
1
c/o PRAPACE (see add ress below)
Contact: Berga Lemaga, PRAPACE C0ord in ator
Networks
1
PRAPAC E (Region al Potato and Swe t Potato
lmprove ment Program fo r East and Central Africa)
Pl ot 106, Katalima Road, N aguru
P.O . Box 22274
Kampa la, Ugand a
Phone: (25 6-41 ) 2 86-209
Fax: (256-41 ) 286-947
E-mail : prapace@infocom.co.ug
1
Contact: Berga Lemaga, PRAPACE Coordin ator
1

Sourn ANO WEsT As1A (SW A)

Regional Office India

lntern ati onal Potato Center
c/o IARI Campu s, Pusa
New Delhi 11001 2, Indi a
Phone: (9 1-11 ) 585-020 1
Fax: (9 1-11 ) 573 -14 81

Cab le: CIPAPA, New D elhi

E-mail: cip-de lh i@cgiar.org
Co ntact: Sarath ll angantileke,
SWA Reg ional Representative

Project CIP-SDC (Potato Development Project for

Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan)
P.O. Box 2122
lslamabad, Pak istan
Phone: (92 -51 ) 925-5067 and 925-5 040 ext. 3121
Fax: (92-51) 925-5034
E-mail: ohidalgo@ci p-sdc. isb. sdnpk.org or
o. hidalgo@cg iar.org
Contact: Osea r A. Hidalgo, Project Leader
EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

E-mail: cip-china@cg iar.org

Contact: Yi Wan g, Li aison Scienti st

Networks
UPWARD (User's Perspecti ve w ith Agri cultura!
Research and Development)
PCARRD Compl ex
Los Baos, Laguna
e/o IRRI
M.P.0. Box 3127
M akati City MM 12 71, Philippines
Phone: (63-49) 536-0235
Fax : (63 -49 ) 891-1292
E-m ail : cip-m anil a@cg iar.org
W ebsite: www. eseap. cipotato.org/upward. htm
Contact: Dindo Ca mpil an, UPWARD Coo rdin ator

(ESEAP)

Regional Office Indonesia

CENTRAL AND EASTERN EuROPE, TRANS-CAUCASIA

lnternation al Potato Center

Kebun Percobaan Muara
j alan Raya Ciapus
Bogor 16610, Indonesia
Phone : (62-25 1) 317-95 1
Fax: (62-251) 316-264
E-mail: cip-bogor@cgiar.org
W ebsite: www .esea p.ci potato .org
Co ntact: Keith Fu glie, ESEAP Regional
Representati ve

AND NTRAL ASIA (ECA)

Liaison Office Germany

lntern ational Potato Ce nter
Weissenburger Str. 46
13595 Berlin, Germany
Phon e: (49-30) 332-3427 or 35 10-34 16
Fax : (49-30) 3510-34 15
E-m ail: p.schmiedi che@cgiar.org
Contact: Peter Schm iediche, ECA Coordinator
M . HIDALGO

Liaison Office Vietnam

lnternation al Potato Center
C16 - Cum 14
Cong V i - Ba Dinh
Hanoi, Vietnam
Phone: (84-4) 832-83 95
E-ma il: cip-hanoi@fpt.vn
Contact: Dai Peters, Rural
Deve lopment Spec ialist

Liaison Office China

lntern ational Potato Center
e/o The Chin ese Academy of
Agri cultura! Sciences
Ba i Shi Q iao Road No. 30
West Suburbs of Beijing,
Beijing, Peop le's Republic of
China
Phone: (86-10) 6897-5504
Fax : (86-1 O) 6897-5503
Telex: (716) 22233 or 222720
CAAS CN
Cable: AGR IACA

CIP Regional and Liaison Offices

Central and Eastern
Europe, Trans-Caucasia
and Central Asia

(ECA)

South and West Asia

(SWA)

33 -

"The CG/AR
stands ready to
move forward
vigorously as a
rededicated
South- North
enterprise
capable of
fu/filling a global
vision of less
poverty in the
world a
healthier, better
nourished,
human family
reduced pressure
on fragile natural
resources and
people-centered
policies for
sustainable
agricultura/
development. "
- lsmail
Serageldin,

The Consultative Group on lnternation al Agricultura! Research (CG IAR), estab li sh Id in 1971,
is an informal association of 58 public- and private-sector members that supports

network

'11.

of 16 internationa l agricultura ! research centers. The CGIAR' s budget for 1999 wa funded at
US$330 mi Ili on. lt is co-sponsored by the World Bank, the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations, the United N ations Development Programme and the
United Nations Environment Programme.
Th e CGIAR' s mission is to contribute to food security and poverty eradication in dleveloping
countries through research, partnership, capacity bui lding, and policy support. lt womotes
sustainable agricultura! development based on environmenta ll y sound managemeht of
natural resources, focusing on five major research thrusts:

lncreasing productivity in developing-country agricu lture through genetic impro f ments in

plants, livestock, fish , and trees, and through better management practices; proteating the

environment through conservation of natural resources (especially soil and water) and
reductions of the impact of agricu lture; saving biodiversity, through one of the w ( ld' s
largest ex situ col lections of plant genetic resources (over 500,000 accessions of

ore than

3,000 crop, forage, and agroforestry species), held in trust for the world communi y;

improving policies that influence the spread of new technologies and the manage ent and
use of natural resources; strengthening national research in developing countries through
partnerships with national programs and training in research techniques, adminis ration , and
management.

Future Harvest
Future Harvest raises awareness of the importance of science for food , the enviromment, and
the wor ld's poor. Based in Washington, OC, Future Harvest commissions studies o explore
the links between food and agriculture and issues such as global peace, prosperit ,

Chairman,

environmental renewal, health, and the alleviation of human suffering. lt also en l sts public

CGIAR

figures to become advocates for agricu ltu ra! research , and informs decision-mak rs and the
general public about the importance of food production and the role of agricultu al science
in meeting the human and environmental chal lenges of the 21 st century. Created by the 16
Centers of the CG IAR, Future H arvest is supported by CIP and other research cen ers, donors
to the CG IAR, foundations, and individuals.

FUTURE
HAR EST

34

CG IAR Research Centers

isnar

IFPRI

ISNAR

lnternational
Service fo r Nation al
Agricu ltura! Research

IFPRI
CIMMYT
lntern ational Center
fo r the lmprovement
of Ma ize and W heat

Jntern ati onal Food

Po licy Resea rch
Jnstitute

,f,
IPGRI

ICARDA
Jntern atio nal Center
fo r Agricultura!
Research in the
Dry Areas

d
ICRI SAT

IPGRI

lnternational Crops
Research 1nstitu te fo r
the Sem i-Ari dTropics

Jnternational Plant
Genetic Resou rces

WARDA
W est A frica Rice
Development
Associati on

IRRI
Jntern ati onal Ri ce
Resea rch Jnstitute

CIAT
lntern ational
Center fo r
Tropi ca l Agriculture

IWMI
Jntern ational
W ater M anagement
Jnstitute

Jntern ational
Potato Center

ICLARM
lntern ational
Livestock Research
lnstitute

lnternati onal Center

for Living Aq uatic
Resou rces Ma nagement

llTA

ICRAF

CI FOR

Jntern atio nal

Jnsti tute ofTropica l
Agri cul ture

lntern ational
Centre fo r Research
in Agroforestry

Center fo r
1ntern ational
Forestry Resea rch

Art/Production Coordinators
Cecilia Lafosse, Godofredo Lagos, Patricio Malagamba
Cover Design: Nini Fernndez-Concha
Text/Layout: Alfredo Puccini
Graphics: Milton Hidalgo, Vctor Madrid, Anselmo Morales
Printing: Pedro Chvez, Demetrio Quispe, Hctor Rojas
Contributors
Wanda Collins, Christine Graves, Abby Hollister, jon Miller,
Carlos Nio-Neira, Greg Scott, John Stares, Jos Valle-Riestra
Editor
Abby Hollister

The lnternational Potato Center

(CIP) seeks to reduce poverty
and achieve food security on a
sustained basis in developing
countries through scieriTlfic
research and related activities
on potato, sweetpotato, othv
root and tuber crops and on the
improved management of

.,

natural resources in the Andes

and other mountain areas.

~~

CIP is part of the global

FUTURE
HAR\'(EST

CIP supports Future Harvest,

CGIAR

agricultura! research network

known as the Consultative
Group on lnternational
Agricultura! Research (CGIAR).

an initiative that builds

understanding about the wider
social benefits of ill]'flroved
agriculture: peace, prosperity,
environmental renewal, health,
and the alleviation of human
suffering.