Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Inverters
Suryanarayana Doolla
Department of Energy Science and Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
email: suryad@iitb.ac.in
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Introduction
The power semi conductor devices are always forward biased due to
dc supply voltage.
GTO, BJT, IGCT, Power MOSFET, IGCT are suitable self
controlled, forward or assymetric blocking devices
Feed back diode is always connected across switch for free reverse
flow of current.
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Introduction
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Q1, D3 conducting
Free wheeling mode with positive current
D3, D4 conducting
Feedback mode with positive current
Q3, Q4 conducting
Active mode with negative current an negative voltage
Q4, D2 conducting
Free wheeling with negative current
D1, D2 conducting
Feedback mode with negative current
Prof. Doolla (DESE)
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VLL,1(rms) =
3
2
Vd
2
= 0.78Vd
VLL does not depend on load condition and contains harmonics due
to switching.
VLL,1(rms) = 0.78Vd /h where, h = 6n 1
It is not possible to control output voltage by using voltage
cancellation technique in three phase inverter
The period of conduction of each switch is determined by the power
factor of the load
Harmonic Spectrum
Even and Triplen harmonics are not present
PWM switching result in small ripple current
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0.2
0.2
1.242
0.016
0.4
0.4
1.15
0.061
0.6
0.6
1.006
0.131
0.8
0.8
0.818
0.220
0.19
0.326
0.024
0.37
0.071
0.335
0.044
0.123
0.139
0.012
0.083
0.203
0.047
0.163
0.012
0.157
0.07
0.008
0.132
0.034
0.314
0.139
0.013
0.171
0.176
0.104
0.016
0.105
0.115
0.084
0.017
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1.0
1.0
0.601
0.318
0.018
0.181
0.212
0.033
0.113
0.062
0.157
0.044
0.068
0.009
0.119
0.050
March 15, 2013
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
The diagonally opposite switches (TA+ and TB ) and (TA , TB+ )
are switches as pairs.
The output of inverter leg B is negative of the leg A output.
When TA+ is ON, VA0 = + V2d and when TB is ON VB0 = V2d
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The switches in the two legs of the full bridge are not switched
simultaneously
Leg A and Leg B are controlled by comparing Vtri with Vcontrol and
Vcontrol respectively
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0.2
0.122
0.010
0.4
0.245
0.037
0.6
0.367
0.080
0.116
0.2
0.227
0.027
0.085
0.007
0.096
0.124
0.029
0.005
0.021
0.1
0.8
0.49
0.135
0.005
0.192
0.008
0.108
0.064
0.064
0.051
0.01
1.0
0.612
0.195
0.011
0.111
0.020
0.038
0.096
0.042
0.073
0.03
Note: VLL,h /Vd are tabulated as a function of ma where VLL,h are the rms
values of the harmonic voltages.
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1 1 0
a
Vab
Vbc =Vdc 0
1 1
b
1 0
1
c
V
ca
Va
2 1 1
a
Vb = 1 Vdc 1 2 1 b
3
Vc
1 1 2
c
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0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
Switch
State
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
2/3
1/3
-1/3
-2/3
-1/3
1/3
0
Phase
Voltage
0
-1/3
1/3
2/3
1/3
-1/3
-2/3
0
0
-1/3
-2/3
-1/3
1/3
2/3
1/3
0
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0
1
0
-1
-1
0
1
0
Line
Voltage
0
0
1
1
0
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
0
1
1
0
0
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Va
2 1 1
a
Vb = 1 Vdc 1 2 1 b
3
Vc
1 1 2
c
Va
q
1
1/2 1/2
Vb
Tabcdq = 23
0
3/2 3/2
Vc
q
2 1 1
a
1/2 1/2
d
2 1
1
1 2 1 b
= 3
V
q
0
3/2 3/2 3 dc
1 1 2
c
For vector U100 : Substituting a=1,b=0, c=0 gives,
q
2 1 1 1
1
1/2 1/2
d
1
= 23
V 1 2 1 0
q
0
3/2 3/2 3 dc
1 1 2
0
p
d
(2/3)
=
q
0
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0000
U100
U110
U010
U011
U001
U101
U111
a
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
b
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
c
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Va
0
2/3
1/3
-1/3
-2/3
-1/3
1/3
0
Vb
0
-1/3
1/3
2/3
1/3
-1/3
-2/3
0
Vc
0
-1/3
-2/3
-1/3
1/3
2/3
1/3
0
Vab
0
1
0
-1
-1
0
1
0
Vbc
0
0
1
1
0
-1
-1
0
Vca
0
-1
-1
0
1
1
0
0
The generated or reference voltage shall lie in the hexagon formed by the
above vectors.
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which is
rms value of phase voltage is
of sine triangular PWM technique
2
3
Vd
If the motor is rated forVrms (three phase L-L) then the dc bus
requires shall be Vd = 2 Vrms
Ux can be basic closest space vector on either side of Uout .
Ux+60 (orUx60 ) is basic space vector on the opposite side
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SVPWM - Switching
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