Sunteți pe pagina 1din 9

Department of Mechanical Engineering

R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Lesson Plan
Cover Page: Course Overview
Semester: 4

Year: 2015

Course Title: Gas Dynamics & Combustion

Course Code: 12ME6C2

Total Contact Hours: 40

Duration of SEE: 3 hrs

SEE Marks: 100

CIE Marks: 100

Lesson Plan Author: CS Prasad

Date: 17-12-2014

Checked By:

Date:

Prerequisites: Study of Gas Dynamics & Combustion requires basic knowledge of Fluid
Mechanics and Thermodynamics.
Course Overview: Gas Dynamics deals with flow of compressible fluids such as air and
mixture of gases. The course covers important aspects of subsonic, sonic and supersonic flow
of compressible fluids, their characteristics and applications. The course on combustion
introduces students to various fuels and the mechanism of combustion by which the chemical
energy of fuels is converted to useful thermal energy.
Course Learning Objectives (CLO):
By the end of the course, Students will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Differentiate between compressible and incompressible fluid flows.


Explain the influence of changes in pressure and temperature on flow of gases.
Evaluate different kinds of gas flows.
Compare different kinds of fuel and discuss the process of combustion of fuels.

Relevance of the Course:


1.
2.
3.
4.

Facilitate students to understand the concepts of gas dynamics and combustion of fuels.
Provide fundamental knowledge on subsonic, sonic and supersonic flows.
Orientation towards engineering applications of gas and aerodynamics.
Compare combustion efficiency of different fuels.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Course Content
Course Code: 12ME6C2
Course Title: Gas Dynamics & Combustion
Teaching Hours: 4 Hrs per Week

L-T-P: 4+0+0
CIE: 100
SEE: 100

UNIT-1
1. Introduction to Gas Dynamics: Compressible Flows, Isentropic flow,
Stagnation, Static and Dynamic Pressure, Pressure Co-efficient; Acoustic speed,
Mach Number, Governing Equations for Compressible Flows.

08 Hrs.

UNIT-2
2. Shock Waves: Normal Shock Waves Rankine Hugoniot Equation, Raleigh Flow,
Fanno Flow; Oblique Shock Waves, supersonic flow over wedges and cones,
reflection and interaction of shock waves; Prandtl Meyer Flow.
UNIT-3
3. Nozzles: Isentropic flow through variable area ducts, convergent and divergent
nozzles, over expanded and under expanded nozzles; subsonic wind tunnels, shock
tunnels and super-sonic wind tunnels.

08 Hrs.

08 Hrs.

UNIT-4
4. Combustion: Types of fuels and modes of combustion; Stoichiometry, Chemical
Equilibrium, Thermo-Chemistry, Basic reactor Kinetics, Elementary Reactions,
Chain Reactions, Multi-Step Reaction.

08 Hrs.

UNIT-5
5. Physics of Combustion: Laws of transport mechanism, premixed flames,
ignition and flame stabilization and extinction; Combustion and Emission,
Atmosphere, Chemical Emission from Combustion, Quantification and Control of
Emission.

08 Hrs.

Reference Books:
(1) Robert D Zucker, Oscar Biblarz, Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons,
New York, 2002
(2) Sara McAllister, Jyh-Yuan Chen, Carlos Fernandez, Fundamentals of Combustion
Processes, Springer, New York, 2011.
(3) Irvin Glassmann, Richard Yetter, Combustion, Elsevier, 2008
(4) P.Balachandran, Compressible Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall of India, 2006
(5) Babu V, Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, Ane Books Ltd., 2008

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059
PO & CO Mapping

MEPO1

MEPO2

MEPO3

MEPO4

MEPO5

MEPO6

Course Assessment Method

Assessment Intervals
1

Quiz

Tests

Seminar / Presentation
Lab

NA

Semester End Examination

X
X

Scheme for Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)


CIE consists of THREE tests for 45 marks (15 marks Quiz + 30 Marks for Descriptive)
out of which best of TWO (as a set) will be considered. In addition there will be one
seminar on new topics/ model presentation for 10 marks.

Scheme for Semester End Examination (SEE)


The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A will be for 20 marks covering
the complete syllabus and Part B will be for 80 marks and shall consists of FIVE
questions carrying 16 marks each. All FIVE from Part B will have internal choices and
one of the two have to be answered compulsorily.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Course unitization for Internals and Semester End Examination

Unit

Chapter

Teaching
Hours

No. of Questions in

Test-1

Test-2

No. of
Questions in
SEE

Test-3

Introduction to Gas
Dynamics

08

Shock waves

08

Nozzles

08

Combustion

08

Physics of combustion

08

2
2

Note:
1. Each test paper will consist of a quiz and descriptive type of questions. The quiz will be
for 15 marks covering the relevant chapters and is compulsory.
2. The descriptive part of the test paper will consist of a total of 10 questions from relevant
chapters out of which the student should answer 50% of questions from each unit.

(CS Prasad)
Faculty In-charge
Date: 17 December 2014

Head of the Department

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059
Chapter wise Plan
Course Code and Title: 12ME6C2 - Gas Dynamics & Combustion
Unit / Chapter Number and Title: 1/1. Introduction

Planned Hours: 08

Topic Learning Objectives


At the end of this chapter student should be able to:
1. Define characteristics of compressible flows.
2. Define acoustic speed and discuss its significance.
3. Describe differences between subsonic, sonic and supersonic flows.
4. Write and discuss the importance of governing equations for compressible flows..
Lesson Schedule
Class No.

Portion to be covered per hour

Basic differences between incompressible and compressible flows

Conservation laws for compressible flows.

Isentropic flow; static, dynamic and stagnation conditions.

Concept of stagnation condition; stagnation pressure, temperature, density etc.

Velocity of sound, Mach number and its significance.

Relation connecting stagnation and static properties.

Governing equations for compressible flows.

Numerical examples.

Model Questions
1. Explain salient differences between compressible and incompressible fluids.
2. Define and write the mathematical expression for velocity of sound.
3. Derive expressions connecting stagnation and static properties in terms of Mach
number..
4. Determine the stagnation pressure and temperature of air at 105 N/m2 and 400 K flowing
with a velocity of 400 m/s.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Course Code and Title: 12ME6C2 - Gas Dynamics & Combustion


Unit/Chapter Number and Title: 2/1. Shock waves

Planned Hours: 08

Topic Learning Objectives


At the end of this chapter student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Describe how shock waves are generated in a compressible flow.


Differentiate between normal and oblique shock waves.
Describe Fanno and Raleigh flows.
Discuss Prandtl-Meyer expansion flow..

Lesson Schedule
Class No.

Portion to be covered per hour

Types of waves in compressible flow, general description of normal and oblique


shocks.

Characteristics of normal shock, Hugoniot curve.

Fanno line and governing equation; representation in Mollier diagram.

Rayleigh line and governing equation; representation in Mollier diagram.

Normal shock on Fanno & Rayleigh curves.

Characteristics of oblique shock waves; oblique shock relations.

Flow over wedges and cones; Prandtl-Meyer flow.

Numerical examples.

Model Questions
1. Describe the events leading to the formation of a shock wave.
2. Explain the phenomena of normal shock with the help of Fanno and Rayleigh lines on
h-s plot.
3. The pressure, temperature and Mach number upstream of a normal shock are 0.1 MPa,
300 K and 2.0 respectively. Determine the Mach number, pressure, temperature and
velocity downstream of the shock.
4. What is an oblique shock wave and when does it occur? Give two practical situations
where oblique shocks are produced.
5. What is Prandtl-Meyer flow? Highlight the difference between the Prandtl-Meyer angle
and the Mach angle.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Course Code and Title: 12ME6C2 - Gas Dynamics & Combustion


Unit/Chapter Number and Title: 3/1. Nozzles

Planned Hours: 08

Topic Learning Objectives


At the end of this chapter student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Describe the difference between compressible and incompressible flows.


Explain the thermodynamics of compression process occurring in a compressor.
Describe the various factors controlling the efficiencies of compressors.
Analyse the efficiencies of compressors.

Lesson Schedule
Class No.

Portion to be covered per hour

Isentropic flow of compressible fluids through variable area ducts.

Convergent nozzle, its characteristics and governing equations.

Convergent-Divergent nozzle, its characteristics and governing equations.

Analysis of flow through convergent/convergent-divergent nozzles.

Effect of pressure ratio across nozzles, under-expansion and over-expansion.

General requirements of wind tunnels; working of subsonic wind tunnels.

Supersonic wind tunnels and shock tunnels, working principles.

Numerical examples of flow through nozzles.

Model Questions
1. Discuss general characteristics if isentropic flow through a variable area passage.
2. Sketch the variation of area, velocity and pressure for the isentropic flow through
subsonic and supersonic nozzles.
3. Explain how a shock wave develops in the diverging section of a supersonic nozzle.
Under what conditions will it move towards the nozzle exit?
4. Discuss the characteristics and performance of under expanded and over expanded
nozzles.
5. Describe the operation of a subsonic wind tunnel with the help of a sketch.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059
Course Code and Title: 12ME6C2 - Gas Dynamics & Combustion
Unit/Chapter Number and Title: 4/1. Combustion

Planned Hours: 08

Topic Learning Objectives


At the end of this chapter student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Discuss the characteristics of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels.


Describe the process of combustion and its applications.
Define stoichiometry and its role in determination of combustion efficiency.
Describe basic chemical kinetics and reactions pertaining to combustion.

Lesson Schedule
Class No.

Portion to be covered per hour

Introduction to combustion, combustion triangle, applications

Types of fuel and their characteristics; caloric value and its determination.

Modes of combustion; stoichiometry.

Chemical equilibrium; determination of equilibrium composition.

Chemistry of combustion; reaction kinetics.

Heat of combustion

Elementary reactions; numerical problems

Chain reactions; multi-step reaction

Model Questions
1. List and discuss the basic considerations in the choice of fuels.
2. What is meant by Combustion stoichiometry? Briefly explain.
3. Define reaction rate and write the compact mathematical expression for chemical
reaction.
4. A reaction involving Gasoline and Air produces 10.02% CO2, 5.62% O2, 0.88% CO and
83.48% N2. Determine the Air-Fuel ratio, Equivalence Ratio and Stoichiometric air
used.
5. Differentiate between first order and second order chemical reactions.

Department of Mechanical Engineering


R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059

Course Code and Title: 12ME6C2 - Gas Dynamics & Combustion


Chapter Number and Title: 5/1. Physics of Combustion

Planned Hours: 08

Topic Learning Objectives


At the end of this chapter student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Classify centrifugal pumps based on specific speed.


Define terminologies used in the design of centrifugal pimps.
Explain the significance of different efficiencies of centrifugal pumps.
Describe the operation and application of single and multi stage centrifugal pumps.
Conduct experiments on single stage and multi stage pumps in a laboratory and analyse
their performance.

Lesson Schedule
Class No.

Portion to be covered per hour

Physics of combustion and application; Newtons law of viscosity.

Fouriers law of heat conduction; Ficks law of species diffusion.

Transport properties of gas mixture; viscosity, heat conduction and diffusion and
mass conservation.

Premixed flames - 1-D flame; Hugoniot curve; laminar premixed flame.

Flammability limit; Ignition, flame stabilization and extinction.

Atmosphere, chemical emission from combustion.

Quantification of emission, sources of CO and NO emissions.

Emission and its control; wet scrubber, Zeldovich and Fenimore mechanisms.

Model Questions
1. State and discuss the laws of viscosity, heat conduction and species diffusion. How are they
related to combustion?
2. Define premixed flame and discuss its characteristics with an example.
3. What is Borghi diagram and how is it useful in identifying different types of flame?
4. Identify the different layers of atmosphere and plot the variation in temperature and pressure
with altitude.
5. What are the different mechanisms available for reduction of NO x emission? Discuss any one
mechanism in detail.

S-ar putea să vă placă și