Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
THEORY:
Two types of measuring instrument in common use are analogue meters and digital meters. In
the analogue meter, a pointer indicates the measured value on the calibrated scale but the
value measured by the digital meters appears as a number consisting of three or four digits on
the lighted display. Meter may be single function devices, such as the voltmeter , which can
measure only voltage. Alternatively, they may be multipurpose device, such as the
multimeter, which is used to measure a variety of electrical quantities, such as voltage
DC/AC, current DC and resistance.
PART LIST
1.
2.
3.
Measuring terminal
COM(common)
5. Output (series condenser) terminal
6. 0 adjusting knob
7. Panel
8. Indicator pointer
9. Rear case bolt
10. Rear case
11. Connector hFE test
12. Connection pin to tester
13. Transister base clip
14. Transiter collector clip
No. of zeroes
(multiplier 3rd
band)
% Tolerance
% Reliability
( 4th band )
( 5th band )
Black
Significant
figure
st
(1 and 2nd
bands)
0
Brown
1(10)
0.1
Red
2(10)
0.01
Orange
3(10)
0.001
Yellow
4(104)
0.0001
Green
5(105)
0.5
0.00001
Blue
6(106)
0.25
0.000001
Violet
7(107)
0.10
0.0000001
Gray
8(108)
0.05
0.00000001
White
9(109)
0.000000001
Gold
(0.1 or 10-1)
0.1
silver
(0.01 or 10-2)
10
0.01
Colour
PROCEDURE:
1. Determine the resistance according to its colour code
2. Do a calibration using analogue multimeter by choosing the suitable range (x1,
x10, x100, x1k, x10k).
3. To obtain accurate resistance value, perform zero adjustment before
measurement.
4. Record the resistance colour band, coded resistance value and tolerance in
table 2.
5. Measure the resistance value using digital multimeter and record the result in
table 2.
RESULT:
Resistor
1st colour band
2nd colour band
Colour
3rd colour band
code
Tolerance, %
Coded value,
Analog
Value in scale
Multiplier
Multimeter
Measure value,
Digital
Measure value,
Multimeter
R1
2
2
0
1%
10
R2
2
7
0
1%
1
R3
1
5
0
1%
10
R4
6
8
0
1%
1
R5
1
2
0
1%
1
0.5490
269.75
1.5023
0.6769
119.40
Table 2
DISCUSSION:
1. Explain the prevention step that should be done to prevent multimeter from damage.
CONCLUSION:
We concluded that students are indeed not at fault if they get bad results in the lab, given that
they followed the procedure correctly. Additionally, since only the resistors with small
resistances appeared defective, they can avoid defective resistors by using resistors with high
resistance.
REFERENCES:
1. Nick England, Physic Matters , Third Edition (2001) Call No : QC 5.56 E 578P 1989
2. Foo SengTeek, Yee Cheng Teik, Chong GeokChuan& Lee BengHin. Success Physic SPM.
2007. Oxford FajarSdn. Bhd.
3. Lim SeangKee. New Vision Physic Form 4.2006 .SNP Panpac (M) Sdn. Bhd.
4. Bb 101 Engineering Science Edited By :AziaIdayuBintiAwang.
5. Xpress Pro Physic Edited By : Lim Ching Chai , Cheah Sin Hock , KhoGohKow, GohEng
Hoe ,Low Yen Fong.
6. Internet.