ME 3455

Homework #11 (3 points), Due 5PM Friday, December 5

Fall 2014

Problems are adapted from the correspondingly numbered problems in Rao 5e. Please include a
cover sheet, show your work, and follow homework guidelines for extra credit.
1. Consider the system of Problem 5.37 in forced vibration. As before, take m = 120 kg,
2
J = 20 kg-m , r = 0.4 m, k1 = 20,000 N/m and k2 = 10,000 N/m. An oscillating force F(t) =
100 cos(t) Newtons is applied in the downward (positive x direction) to m.
a) Please draw a free-body diagram, and derive equations of motion in standard form.
b) Derive expressions for the amplitude () of the disk angular vibration, and the
amplitude (X) of the mass vertical vibration, as a function of forcing frequency ().
c) Use Excel to plot the these expressions from = 0 to at least three times the higher
natural frequency. Do the peaks match the natural frequencies of the previous
problem?
d) At what driving frequency () does X (the vibration of the mass) vanish? This is
called anti-resonance, and can used to prevent vibrations at a given frequency. Selfcheck: In part d the frequency is 15.49 rad/s

F(t) = 100 cos t

5.42 (modified) A rigid rod of negligible mass and length

0.6 m, with point masses 8 kg at each end, is pivoted at its
midpoint. The left end is connected to a moving support
(base excitation) by a spring of stiffness 1000 N/m. The
spring support moves harmonically according to 0.02
cos(t) m. The other end of the rod is connected to
ground through a spring (1000 N/m), then a mass (4 kg),
then another spring (1000 N/m).

In small-angle motion, take the upwards vertical displacement of the right end of the rod as coordinate
X1, and the vertical displacement of the intermediate mass as coordinate X2. Derive the equations of
motion and solve for the amplitudes of X1 and X2 as a function of frequency. [Suggestion: you can actually
derive with variables X2 and , then make a substitution to replace with X1. Perhaps the X1 equation
would need to be multiplied by a factor to regain the symmetric stiffness matrix.] (a) What are the static
amplitudes of X1 and X2? (b) At what base excitation frequency will the X1 amplitude be zero, due to the 4
kg mass acting as a tuned absorber? (c) What is the amplitude of X2 at this frequency?

9.67 (highly modified) A reciprocating engine is installed on a floor

which can be modeled as a vertical spring. The equivalent weight
of the engine and floor is 3000 lb. At an engine speed of 730 rpm,
the floor vibration is maximum. (a) What is the effective stiffness K
of the floor?

(b) It is decided to reduce these vibrations by suspending a spring-mass

system from the bottom surface of the floor, beneath the engine. Design
a vibration absorber (m and k) to place the systems two natural
frequencies at 600 and 850 rpm.

9.68 (modified) A hollow steel shaft of outer diameter 2 in., inner diameter 1.5 in, and length 30 in. with
one end fixed terminates in a solid steel disk of diameter 20 in. and weight 100 lb. (Figure 9.51 in text
gives the idea, except that supporting bearings are not shown.) Treating the shaft as a torsional spring
(see inside cover of book for stiffness), determine the torsional natural frequency of this system.

Then, assuming a sinusoidal external torque cos is applied to the disk (in the direction of +) near
that resonant frequency, design a vibration absorber (consisting of a smaller disk J, and a torsional
spring k made of a solid rod 20 long) to put the system natural frequencies at 90% and 110% of that
resonant frequency.