Holling

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 : :

INDEPENDENCE OF HAYTI. /<^^*^''5i.%

/• N/ —
SPEECH li

M:>A.^??^1^
M^iy^SH'^^l
OP
/
HON. THOMAS D. ELIOT, OF MASS., ^
IN

THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, JUNE 3, 18G2,

ON THE BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE APPOINTMENT OF DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES

TO THE REPUBLICS OF HAYTI AND LIBERIA.

Mr. ELIOT Mr. Speaker, the recog-

said : The history of that island upon which, in
nition of independence is among
Haytien December, 1492, Columbus set up a " large
the duties to be discharged by the present cross " " as an indication," ia the words of his
Congress, as an act both of justice and of pol- diary, " that your highnesses [Ferdinand and
icy. A bill similar ia its provisions to the bill Isabella] possess the country, and principally
now House should have become a for a token of Jesus Christ our Lord, and the
before the
—
law many years ago. Certainly of Hayti and honor of Christianity "—from the time of its
it isconcerning that people that I intend to discovery until the present day, is full of ro-
—
speak national recognition should have been mantic interest. Three hundred and seventy
long since cheerfully given. If President Jeff- years ago it was said of it, " the houses and
rard were not a patriot, as he has been found towns are very handsome, and the inhabitants
to be by his entire administration hitherto, if live in each settlement under the rule of a sot-

he were not a statesman " clothed and in his ereign judge, 'to whom they pay implicit obe-
right mind," especially if he were vindictive, dience. Their magistrates are persons of ex-
as the race of which he is perhaps the chief in cellent manners and great reserve, and give
•
this age are ignorautly called, the time might their orders by a sign of the hand, which is
be at hand when he would prefer to dipense understood by all with surjrising quickness."
with our tardy welcome, for he and his people Columbus was seeking gold. LasCasas, iuhis
may prosper without us as well as we and our abridgment of the Journal of Columbus, says
people may prosper without them. /There are that the admiral " hoped to find, at his return
but few loyal States in this Union that are not from Castile, a ton of gold collected from the
richer every year because of Hayti, nor is there natives, and that mines and spices will have
one that might not multiply annually the results been discovered, and all these in such abund-
of Haytien commerce if Haytien independence ance that before three years the king and queen
were by our Government cordially recognisedi may undertake the recovery of the Holy Sep-
It is one of the marvels of modern diplomacy, ulchre." And in his own diary Columbus
and it will always be reckoned among those added
suicidal acts for which but one cause may be " For I have before protested to your highnesses that
the profits of this enterprise shall he employed iu thd con-
justly assigned, that we have suffered this half quest of Jerusalem, at which your highnesses smiled and
said you were pleased, and had the same inclination."
century to pass away without consenting to
perform an act of simple national justice and In a letter which Columbus wrote to Don
to receive what would have been, so far as we Rafael Sanchez, treasurer of Ferdinand and
Isabella, he says
desired it, a monopoly of commercial inter-
" In the island named Espanola there are lofty and beau-
course. tifulmountains, large cultivated tracts, woods, fertile fic'ds,
The considerations of republican justice and and everything adapted to the purposes of agriculture, the
pasturage of cattle and the erection of houses. The excel-
of high national policy fitly to be urged in be- lence of the harbors here and the abundance of the streams
which contribute to the salubrity of the climate, exceed
half of the speedy passage of the bill pending imagination. Here are found divers sorts of iirccious drugs,
before Congress for Haytien recognition de- gold, and metals."

mand attention. In a letter to Luis De Santangel, comptroller

f:
 ! : "
l^
i:^r
In

of the treasury, written " on board the Caravel, ductive, as well as one of the largest of the
off the Azores, February 15, 1493," Columbus West India islands. It is nearly four hundred
saya : miles in length, and about one hundred and
"There are palm trees in these countries of sis or eight fifty miles at its widest breadth. After its dis-
sorts." * * " Beautil'ul I'orosts of pines are
found, and fields of vast extent. Here is also honey and covery by Columbus, the western portion of the
fruits of a thousand sorts, and birds of every variety.
The land contains mines of metals, and inhabitants without island was occupied by the French. The char-
number. The island of Espanola is pre-eminent in beauty acter of the country, as its name implies, is
and excellence, offering to the sight the most enchanting
view of mountiiius, plains, rich ilekls for cultivation and mountainous, but on its mountain sides are
pastures for flocks of all sorts, with situations for towns and
settlements. Its harbors are of such excellence that their gardens that blossom in luxuriance. The
description would not gain belief; and the like may be said healthful breezes from the hills, although their
of its abundance of largo rivers, the most of which abound
ia gold. The trees, fruits, and plants of the island differ latitude is but aboct twenty degrees north of
from those of Juana, and the place contains a great deal of
spicery, and extensive mines of gold and other metals." the equator, invigorate and inspire the inhabi-
tants whose good fortune has cast their lives in
In the same letter, speaking again of Hispan-
those pleasant places. All along the coast are
iola, Columbus says
" This is a most beautiful island, and altho'igh I have roadsteads and commodious harbors. The no-
taken possession of them all in the name of their highnesses, ble bay of Samaua on the southeastern coast
and every one of them remains in their power and as much
at their disposal as the kingdoms ot Castile, and although lis about sixty miles in length. Within it whole
they are all furnished with everything that can be desired,
yet the preference must bo given to Espanola, on account
fleets may ride in^^afety. river, navigable A
of the mines of gold it possesses and the facilities it offers inland, running from these mountains a course
for trade with the continent and countries this side and be-
yond that of the great Can, which traffic will be great and of nearly one hundred miles, pours itself into
profitable. I have accordingly taken possession of a place
which I have named Villa de Navidad, and built there a this entrance from the ocean. Other bays and
fortress, which is at present complete and furnished with a
harbors are found along the coast with safe
sufficiency of men for the enterprise with these I have left
;

arms, ammunition, and provisions for more than a year, channels and good anchorage, although else-
and expert men and all necessary arts."
where the shore, rock-bound and dangerous,
Columbus supposed that he was describing prevents approach.
a portion of India. He believed during his Port an Prince, the capital of Hayti, is built
life that he had thrown open a new way to the
upon its western coast. The harbor there is
ancient commercial regions. He died in pov- from eighteen to twenty-one feet in depth.
erty and disgrace, a disappointed man, ignorant and historians who have recently
The tourists
that he had made known a new continent, sep-
described this country confirm the glow-
arated from the whole civilized world by two
ing statements of Columbus as to and its soil
immense seas.
climate and various vegetable productions.
Aristotle, in his work Concerning Heaven
The mountains and valleys, fertile and well
and Earth, declared that one might pass from watered, yield plentifully all that may supply
India to Cadiz in a few days. And Seneca the wants or the luxuries of the inhabitants.
said that a ship might speedily sail, with a fair And the statements which I shall submit for
•wind, from Western Spain to India. Fernando,
examination show that an amount and variety
the son and biographer of Christopher Colum- of produce are yearly exported which entitle the
bus, referring to Seneca, said :
Haytien Government to a high rank among
" If, some assure us, he was the author of the trage-
as commercial nations. There are twenty two
dies which go by his name, we may be certain that he
refers to this fact in the choru.s to Medea :
rivers and many smaller streams which have
Venient annis
'

their source in the highlands of the interior,

Secula seris, quibus Oceanus
Vincula rerun) laxet, el ingens
Pateat tellus. Typhis quo novos
Detegat orbes, noc sit Tcrris
Ultima Thulc.
and which run in different courses to the sea ;
and at a distance from the sea of some thirty
'

miles is an inland lake, with a circumference of

In the last days will come a time when ocean over sixty miles, whose waters are salt and of
shall loose the bonds of things. A great land the specific gravity of ocean water. The forest
shall be discovered. A Typhis shall disclose and other trees of this rich country are highly
new worlds, and Thule shall cease to be the valuable. Large quantities of oak and pine,
end of the earth suitable for ship timber, are found. The ma-
Hispaniolaor San Domingo, or Hayti, as the hogany wood, the manchineel tree, variegated
natives call it, Highland country,) is
(the Tennessee marble, and taking as high
like our
known to be one of the richest and most pro- polish, grow in profusion. The iron wood
and rare Brazil and woods are found in four years the war continued, when Spain and
satin
abundance. The and palm trees are of England retired, and the French republic pos-
cotton
great size and every variety. The coffee, cot- sessed what had belonged to Spain. For some
ton, and sugar cane are there in native and years after this, the history of Hayti was made
high luxuriance. The plantain and vanilla, by this remarkable man. Toussaint was the
rice and ginger, tobacco, turmeric, and indigo, opener of Haytien greatness. He was not only
are plentiful and of fine quality. The fruits a military genius. He organized the Govern-
and vegetables proper I will not attempt to ment and regulated labor and enforced a peace
specify. From a soil of great fertility, and which at once brought wealth to the planter,

under a climate so varied, it would not be easy secured wages to the laborer, invited commerce
to name a fruit or vegetable or flower that this |
to the island, and won for himself the respect
Queen of the Antilles does not claim among of the civilized world. But Toussaint trusted
her products. Nor is she without great min- Napoleon, and died a prisoner in France.
eral wealth. But the hand of enterprise is The armies of the republic were, however,
needed there to develop and make available her not able to conquer this island of freed men,
mineral productions. and in 1804 they were driven from her shores.
Of the earlier political history of Hayti it is During the last half century these people have
not of importance to speak at length. With its maintained their independence and have gov-
present and its we have now to do. la 1793
future erned themselves. They achieved an independ-
there were in the French possessions at St. Do- ence more ample than we fought for in 1776, and
mingo about fi^e hundred thousand slaves. By without foreign aid. We contended for politi-

one act of the commissioners of France, on cal They had first to secure their
freedom.
the 29th of August of that year, they were civil rights as men. We had money from
made free. This was a war measure. Free- abroad and heroic friends and munitions of war.
dom was proclaimed under the war power, and They fought their own fight, with their own
as a measure of military expediency. For men, without aid from abroad, and without
some years before this emancipation, civil war sympathy or countenance or comfort from one
raged between the white men and the raulat- civilized nation of the earth. We were of
toes. The negroes looked on, not concerned England's best blood. The Pilgrims of the
in their slavery where defeat or victory might North and the Huguenots and the Cavaliers of
come. The planters were negotiating with the South were born of free parents and edu-
England for aid, and the Government of Spain cated to freedom. They were used to arms.
had planted its standard, holding at that mo- Sons of brave sires, they were fitted by birth,
ment several strong positions upon the island. by culture, by education, by wealth, by all the
Two agents of the French Government then means and appliances of modern civilization, to
represented the republic. They watched the create for themselves a nation, and to com-
progress of the war, and observed with clear mand respect. Hayti was a nation ofnegroee.
eye that the possessions of France were about Nearly one-half her people had been imported
to be wrested from her hands. Polonel and slaves, and they had been trained in the schools
Southonax were there, but they had no army of slavery. Opposed to them were the best
able to cope with England and Spain. They soldiers of Europe Napoleon's men with Na- :

could wait for no reinforcements from home, poleon's generals in command. Yet they con-
for the English army was on its way. Just tended successfully, and secured a national in-
then they converted a half million of neutrals dependence which they have now maintained
into an army of allies. Within thirty days after these fifty years. ,

freedom v/as declared the soldiers of England There no civilized nation, I believe, of po-
is

appeared. But they had delayed too long. litical importance, that has not long ago rec-
France had acted. The convention at Paris ognised Haytien independence. England,
hastened to ratify the act of emancipation, France, Spain, Prussia, Russia, Austria, Italy,
which was confirmed in February, 1794. A ^
Holland, the States of Germany, Sweden, Den-
soldier and a statesman appeared, and Tous- mark, Mexico, and Brazil, have severally wel-
saint L'Overture, with a small army of negro comed her as an equal and as a friend. The
oldiers, offered himself to France. For nearly first Powers in the world have to-day their con-
 : ::

suls general at the capital of Hayti. At Saint
James and in Paris, our own ambassadors meet
upon equal terms before Queen and Emperor
the accomplished ambassadors commissioned
bj Jeffrard to represent his people.
President Lincoln, in his message to us in
December last, said
"If any good reason exists why wc should persevere
longer in "withholding our recognitiou of the independence
1 official paper, published at Port au Prince in
j
September, 1860, there is an article on the
I commerce between the United States and Hayti.
; I give a portion of it as published in this
;
country by Mr. Redpath, who has labored so
earnestly for Haytien independence and so
successfully for American emigration there.
"The navigation of the United States in Hayti employs,
under the American flag, one-half of the foreign ships that

and sovereignty of Hayti and Liberia, I am unable to diS'
cover it."
At this hour the Republican party controls,
or should control, the administration of our
Government. For acts and for omissions that
party will be held responsible. But this is no
party question, much less is it a question first
presented to us by the party now in power.
Thirty-five years ago the commercial interests
of the Union, sea-board and inland, urged upon
Congress the importance of speedy action.
England was then establishing friendly and in-
frequent our port. As these vessels are generally smaller
than those which come from Europe, they repiescnt only
forty -two per cent, of thi; total tonnage. But it should be
remarked that, thanks to their full cargoes both in arriving
and returning, ihey can 0x their rate of freight at more fa-
vorable terms than their competitors. The remark which
ha? almost become an axiom, that the navigation of a peo-
ple develops itself in proportion to the products exported,
finds here a new proof. The value of the importations from
the United States, and the amount of the duty paid by them
to the Treasury, is about forty per cent, of the total. It
represents S"2, 2511,010 worth of imports, of which ninety per
cent, arrive under the American flag. The chief of tliese
importations are pork, in its diflerent forms, and flour,
j
which amount to about fifty per cent, of them. Subjoined
are figures of the quantities introduced, and of the indication
of their value :

timate relations with a people whose national- Candles $20,000

Butter and cheese 40,000'
ity she had already acknowledged. Ten years Gold and silver 6-5,000
ago an able memorial was addressed to Con- Furniture and manufactured woods 25,000
gress, now upon the files of the Senate, assert- j
Cotton stuffs 220,000
Flour 500,000
ing in strong terms and with clear argument
1

I Salt beef 20,000

the national reasons why the Government of Fish 230,000
Pork, ham, and lard 475,000
the United States should no longer delay to i

Iron 30,000
recognise the sovereienty of Hayti. Men of I

!
Soap 215,000
all political opinions have committed them- !
Articles of which similar are produced in the coun-
try
selves to the justice and the moral necessity of I

Lumber and shingles 70,000

such recognition. Since that time the steady Rice 1 0,000
and rapid growth of Hayti as a nation, her Other articles 65,000
Tobacco, in leaves and manufactured 150,000
Christian civilization, and her varied commerce, Refined .sugar 15,000
have still further removed the question from the
2,250,000
arena of party politics and made it national.
"Fork, building woods, tobacco, rice, refined sugar,
It is as a national question that I proceed to amount to forty per cent, on the total importation. In pro-
consider it. portion as our general industry shall develop itself, the im-
portation of these articles will diminish, for we are quite as
More than twenty-five years ago England j

well situated as the United States to produce such articles.

acknowledged Haytien independence, and at It is greatly to be desired that our culture of tobacco, rice,

this time every considerable civilized Power of and sugar, should be sufficiently advanced, in order to ex-
clude from the list of our consumptions the productions of
the world, with one exception, holds intercourse the Southern States of the Union. This reduction however,
,

with her as an admitted sovereignty. This would hardly impede our commerce with the L'nited States,
condition of things settles the fact of independ- whose growth in the arts and manufactures increases every
day. What our exchanges would lose on the one side, they
ence. It will not be made a question that this would gain on the other."
nation is self-sustaining and fully equal to the During the first six months of 18G0, the com-
functions of self-government. But although
me.rce of Port au Prince, which has a popula-
our own Government have failed hitherto to tion of about twenty thousand persons, is thus
acknowledge that independence, yet, such are stated
the laws ot commercial life, our commercial "The import tonnage has risen to 17,865 tons, and the
relations have become so important and are so exports to 19,SC0. As usual, the United States hold the
growing in value, that among sixty nations with first rank, and are represented in the following table by
9,600 ions.
whom we hold intercourse, more than one halt France 5.000 tons.
of them are of less value to us than Hayti is. England 2,000 "
No act is wanting but one of national recog- Hanover, Denmark, Sweden, Hamburg, Belgium, Holland,
and Spain complete the list.
nition on our part to enhance largely the mu- The amount of the invoices of imi^ortation is SI ,458,145,
tual advantages of Haytien commerce to us .'Spanish
For the United SUtes $665,400
and to them. Soon after the able administra- For Euglaiid 343,870
tion of Jeffrard commenced, he took measures For France 228,680
to ascertain the maritime and commercial The countries named above make up the ditfcrenco.
The amount of exportation, reduced into Spanish dollars,
business of his people, and in the statistical at the rate of fourteen Haytien dollars to one Spanish,
tables officially published we have proof how SI, 408 ,000. This comprises :
France $775,000
important to them our commerce is, and how United ctatcs .. 275,000
important to us its continuance will be. In an England 190,000
 —

'/

And the other countries. condition that he might appoint commercial

The import duties amount to $300,000 :

agents (who should be citiaens of the United

United Status $104,000
France 74.000 States) at New York, Philadelphia, and Bos-
Enguind 53,000 ton. But such a condition of things cannot be
Other countries 09,000
The export duties iimoimt to $273,000 :
expected to continue. Mr. Jeffrard has too
France $13,500 high a respect for himself and for his Govern-
United States. 46,000
Kiiglaud 33,000
ment to continue to the United States privileges
Other countries 61,000 which have, it is fair to presume, not been with-
Exportation comprises the following products :
drawn by him, because he had good reason to
Coflec 15,000 000 pounds.
Logwood 8,400,000 " hope and to believe that the time was at hand
Cotton 93,000 " when the United States, who were the first people
Cocoa 685,000 "
to free themselves from colonial dependence
JIahogany 88,000 feet.
The exportation of coffee in French vessels lias amounted upon a European Government, would consent to
to 7,500,000 pounds. acknowledge Hayti, who, next after ourselves ia
American 2,300,000 pounds.
English 1,835,000 " point of time, successfully accomplished a sim-
Danish 1,060,000 " ilar independence.
Swedish 750,000 " But, sir, if it be for the interest of Jeffrard
Other countries 1,555,000 "
" It -will be observed, on examining the above figures, to continue and to extend our mutual inter-
that the imports and exports are nearly to the same amount course, it is not of less importance to us than
—
"
cur
*******
a fact which, If it were general, would indicate a healthy
condition in the commerce of importation."

By far
in
the largest portion of the exports and imports oc-
months of September, October, November, aud
to them.
Hayti.
in large
We are natural, commercial allies of
We have what she wants, and she has
abundance that which we need. From
tlie
our middle and western and northern States
December. During the first six months of every year, not
more than one-third of the annual exports and imports are there is nothing which we produce in greater
made. The foregoing figures, therefore, must be regarded quantities than we consume that she is net
in the light of this fact, to give a true result in estimating
the yearly commerce of the capital.
ready to buy. Let me state her commerce
" So far for ihe commerce between the States and Hayti, with a single one of our maritime cities. I find
and for the trade of the chief port. These subjoined figures, in an article pi'epared by Mr. Henry Melrose, a
which are also oflicial, will give an idea of the general com-
merce of the Republic :
statement of Haytien trade with Boston for the
" The commerce of Hayti employs annually between five year 1861. It is, in brief, as follows :

and si.x huudrsd vessels, giving a total of about seventy

thousand tons, distributed amon£ the following nations :
" To commence with the imports, the value of the coffee
imported from Hayti into Boston for the year 1861 amounted
Ships. Tonnage.
to $405,427. The value of the importations of logwood, for
United suites 250 30,000
the same period, was $140,569. Of cotton the sbipments
England - 90 12,000
w^ere small, and the value was estimated at only SS,683.
Fi-ance 70 12,000
That of lignumvitas was still less, it being only §4,680. So
German, Danish, Swedish, Russian, Hol- that the total value of the year's imports amounted to
land, Belgium, Italian, Central America,
$559,359.
Spauish 50 7,000 " From the list of exports, it appears that the quantity of
"To these figures must be added twenty-tive per cent.,
alewives shipped to Hayti, during the last year, was 12,689
in order to arrive at their registry tonnage; for the Haytieu
Ulirrels aud 62 half barrels; butter, 8,720 pounds, 2,499
mode of computation gives invariably between twenty -five kegs, 880 pails, 57 jars, 4 boxes, and 635 packages; bread,
aud thirty per cent, less than the ship's register.
" The import duties paid to the State, under the Empire, 548 barrels, 30 boxes, 101 barrels, and 32 other packages of
various kinds; of beef, 395 barrels. Ill half barrels, 15
averaged between $800,000 and $900,000 annually, and
quarter barrels, 32 kegs, and two other packages; boards,
were derived as follows :
616,.f;01 feet; codfish, 36,-543 quintals,
3,281 drums, 4 half
Uriited States 5300,000
drums, SO quarter drums, and 776 boxes; candles, 10 cases,
England 190.000
2,847 boxes, and 5,000 pounds; segars, 23,500; crackers, 612
France 190^000
cases, 1,146 kegs, 035 tins, and 160 other packages; cheese,
Other Flags 180,000
" The ai.uual export<vtions of the principal staples may be 3,082 boxes and 6,792 pounds; flour 25,324 barrels; lard,
3,477 kegs, 3,400 pails, 82 cases, 220 packages, 29,190
estimated thus :
pounds, and several packages of other denominations;
Coa'ee
Logwood
Cotton
.... 50,000,000 lbs. Havtien.
- 50,000,000
" "
700,000 " minimum.
mackerel, 9,997 barrels, 48i. half barrels, aud 131 other
packages; pork, 13,187 barrels; rice, 101 barrels, 3, 67 half
" barrels, and 19,740 pounds; sugar, 233 barre's, 304 boxes,
Cocoa 1,200.000 Haytien.
152 half barrels, and 30,916 pounds; soap, 116,930 boxes,
Mahogany 2,500,000 feet reduced."
225 quarter boxes, and 100,800 pounds; tobacco, 3.5,000
It is plain that intercourse with us has been pounds, and 71 packages of various kiuds; fish, 9.56 barrels,
2a7 packages, and 2,920 boxes; house frame, 121,461 feet;
profitable to them ; but it is equally plain that and hams, 7,399 loo.se, 5,175 pounds, and 244 barrels, tier-
a large proportion of the articles imported into ces, or casks. Other articles were exported in smaller
proportions."
Hayti from this country may be obtained by ^
" The couveyance of these exports called into requisition
her, with less convenience, through the British the services o) 305 vesse s, cliiefly brigs and schooners,
provinces. For some years prior to the ad- varying in size from 150 to 300 tons. Of that uimiber, there
we, e 5 barks, 149 brigs, and 1.51 schooners; and assuming
ministration of Mr. JefFrard, American vessels that each vessel had a crew of six men, the trade would
were permitted to enter at Port au Prince as thus give employment to upwards of 1,800 seamen. To how
favorably as those of England. There had many thousands of other persons this branch of commerce
gives regular employment it would be ditlicult to determine;
been a law imposing an additional duty of teij but judging from the list of exports, the number must be
per cent, on vessels from Governments not rep- very large.
" Let the facts, however, speak for themselves.
resented at Hayti. This was repealed by the
Value of Imports.
Emperor Solouque, who received at his capital " The value of the Haytieu imports into the port of Bos-
the commercial agent of our Government, on ton for the year ending December 3^, 1861, wore
 . . ..
..,
. . ...,.

Coffee $405,427 Lead 4,150 pounds. $250

Logwood 140,535 Leather 2,367 pounds. 410
Cotton 8,C83 boots aud shoes.. 3,203 pairs... 3,469
Lignumvita 4,080 Linseed oil 2,5.52 gallons. 1,705
Mauulactured tobacco 44,579 pouuds. 5,450
$559,359 Manufactures of cotton
printed, painted, or dyed
Number of Vessels Employed. Manufactures of cotton,
Barks 5 white and other duck. . .

Brigs 149 Manufactures of cotton,

Schooners 151 duck 1,570
Manufactures of cotton,
305 other manufactures 106,235
Mamil'actures of glass 1,584
Manufactures of hemp,
I regret that it is not yet in our power to thread 30
show the commerce of Hayti and all the United Manufactures of hemp,
others 249
States during the year 18G1. Our annual vol- Manufactures of marble and
ume of Commercial Relations will exhibit it in stone 759
due time. But in the reports annually pub- Manufactures of tin 710
wood 12,893
lished by Congress from the Secretary of the Molasses 375 gallons.. 03
Treasury on the commerce and navigation of Morocco aud other leather
not sold per pound 411
the United States will be found valuable tables, Musical instruments 2C8
from which I have, had prepared with care Oil, spermaceti 25 gallons.. . 38
Oil, whale and other fish. 5,747 gallons.. 4,050
statements showing our commercial intercourse .

Onions 1,23S
for the year ending June 30, 18G0. I shall Paints and varnish 3,309
publish these statements with my remarks, and Paper and stationery 2,412
Pork 27,230 barrels.. 403 233
I ask attention to them.
Potatoes 1,568 bushels. 1,172
A. Printing presses and type. 5,565
Stalement of goods, wares, and merchandise, of the growth, 351 tierces..
Rice 114,446
produce, and mamifaeture of the United Stales, exported to 13,175 barrels.
Hayti during the year ending June 30, 1860. Kyc, oats, and other small
Adamantine and other cau- grain and pulse 4,577
Saddlery 1,737
dles 93,386 pounds... S13,452 Salt SO bushels.. 16
Apples 125 barrels... 473
.Shingles 1,417,000 10,573
Ashes, pot and pearl 2 cwt 16
Skins and lurs 122
s-^ {837w:is;.-:} 11-^S2 Soap 2,602,132 pounds 207,857
Spermaceti candles. 2,275 pounds.. 790
Beer, ale, porter, and cider,
Spirits from grain 354 gallons.. 180
(casks) 555 gallons... 106
molasses 84 gallons... 28
Beer, ale, porter, and cider,
other materials 432 gallons. .. 162
(bottles) 204 dozens.... 439
Spirits of turpentine 2.284 gallons... 1,221
Biscuit or ship bread
{Jg bo^f &i; } ^,535 Staves and heading
Sugar, brown
3,000
44,880 pounds..
73
4,200
Boards, plank, and scant-
refined 173,208 pouml 16,101
ling 3,130 M 53,fil9
Tallow. 210 pounds. .. 20
Books and maps 148
Tar and pitch. 503 barrels..
ooo oai rei:?. . 1,146
Bricks, lime, and cement..
.
.

2,8S0
( 32 hhds
hhds.
Brooms and brushes of all )
Tobacco, leaf -< 11 cases
cases. > 73,019
kinds 206
Batter ( 5,649 bales
bales. j
211,644 pounds.. . 34,875
Cable aud cordage Trunks and valises 405
101 cwt 089
Carriages, and parts of, rail-
Uiubrellas, parasols, and
sun-shades 24
road cars, and parts of. . 3,018
Vinegar 3,S83 gallons... 415
Cheese 121,137 pounds. . . 13,422
Copper and brass, and man- Wearing apparel 709
ufactures of
Wheat flour 86,209 barrels... 535,013
2,135
All other articles manufactured 17.882
Drugs and medicines 13,127
Earthen and stone ware raw 5;634
926
Fire engines 120
Total value of exports in American vessels 2,159,744
Fish, dried or smoked 55,652 cwt 192,046
Total value of exports in foreign vessels 282,161
Fish, pickled 11,562 barrels.. . 65,668
Gold and silver coin 87 ,750
Total value of exports from the United States to
Gunpowder 575po\mds... 81
Hams ami bacon Hayti 2,441,905
137,476 pounds. . . 15..546
Hats, (of fur or sili;) 4 J260 B.
Hats, (palm leaf) 4,179 Stalement of goods, wares, and merchandise, of the groivfh,
Lumber 3,491 produce, and manufacture of foreign countries, expoHed to
Horses •2 horses 450 Hayti during the year ending June 30, 1860.
Hops 1,171 pounds.. . 108 CofTeo 25,905 pounds...
Household fui'nilure 19,950 Coins, gold
Ice 130 tons 320 Beer, ale, and porter 30 gallons...
Manufactures of India rub- Clothing, ready made
ber 337 Copper, manufactures of. .

Indian corn 57 bushels... 56 Cotton, manufactures of,

Indian meal 201 barrels .
. . 863 plain
Iron, castings 20 cwt 60 Cotton, bleached, printed,
nails 95,824 pounds. .. 3,374 painted, or dyed
manufactures of C9,28'2 Fish, dried or smoked
Manufactures of gold, sil- Herrings
ver, and gold leaf 187 Mafkerel
Lard 675,163 pounds. .. &1,987 Other lish, dried, smoked,
Lard oil 10 gallons ... 13 or pickled
 .
, ..
.
....

Fish in oil sard ines, &c ...

, Silver $18,010
Flax, manuliicturi's of Copper, (old) 1.50
Figs 1,661 pounds... 183 Cotton, (unmanufactured) ,825
Prunes 2,765 pounds.. 321 Dye-woods, in sticks 239 ,918
Raisins 27,929 pounds. . 2,991 Ellects personal and household
,

Other IVuit, green, ripo, or Old junk and oakum -0

dried 32 Rags of every materia), except wool
Glass, window 5 Seeds, trees, shrubs, bulbs, plants, and roots not
Gums, Arabic, Barbary, Co- otherwise provided for
pal, &c 240 pounds.. Specimens of natur..l history
All other gums and resins All other articles
in a crude state 202 pounds . . 48
Gunny bags 2,030 Total 1,968,007
Hemp, and manufactures of
burlaps 2,380 MEROIANTIISE PAYIXG pUTTES AD VALOREM.
Hemp, and manufactures of
cotton b.agging 2,949 runn'g yds. 352 Cocoa 323,499 pounds $25,128
Hemp, and manufactures of Flax, (linens bleached or
osnaburgs •.
3,532 unbleached) 467
Hemp, and manufactures T,imcs i 25
not specified 7,174 Gums, (Arabic, Barbary,
ludigo 2,868 pounds... 1,626 Copal, &c.) 1,700 pounds. 314
Iron, fire-arms 50 All other gums and resins,
not specified 25 in a crude state 2,.507 pounds. 246
Matting 10 Hats and bonnets of straw
Nuts, almonds 376 pounds. . 54 or other vegetable sub-
others.. 111 stances 23
Oil, castor 5 gallons.. 7 Honey 15,086 gallons. 5,210
essential, expressed, or Cables, chain 35,6 pounds. 347
volatile 2,986 Old and scrap iron 487 cwt 223
linseed 40 gallons . . 25 .lute, sisal grass, coir, &c.. 35 cwt 120
olive 225 doz. bots. 850 Molasses 64 gallons. 13
Pens, metallic » 186 Musical instruments 25
Printed books and maga- Linseed oil 254 gallons. 201
zines, in English 240 Raw hides and skins 22,690
Raw hides and skins 200 Spices, (cassia) 26 pounds. 5
Silk, manufactures of 301 Ginger.. 8,294 pounds. 391
Spices, cassia 2,060 pounds. . 547 Spirits 30 gallons. 37
cinnamon 30 pounds . .
Syrup of sugar cane 2,160 pounds. 113
cloves .3,073pounds... 254 Tobacco, (cigars) 55,000 286
ginger, ground 2,000 pounds. . 240 Wood, (lignum vitne) 439
nutmegs 1,903 pounds... 831 Wood, (mahogany) 30,783
pepper 63 ,667 pounds . . 5,780 Merchandise not enumerated above. 7,510
pimento 743 pounds. . 64
Spirits, brandy 160 gallons. . 235 Total of merchandise paying duty ad valorem, 94,656
from grain 578 gallons. . 2C4 Total of merchandise free of duty 1,968,067
from other material 428 gallons.. 202
cordials 113 gallons . . 147 Total of merchandise imported into the United
Sugar, loaf and other re- States from Hayti 2,062.723
fined 404,965 pounds.. 39,677
Tin, and manufactures of Imported in American vessels 1 ,921 ,1S0
plates and sheets 2,951 Imported in foreign vessels 141,543
Tobacco, cigars 367,000 2,967
Wine, in casks, Madeira 10 gallons 29 The immense value to from whatever
us,
port 10 gallons 30 portion of our common country we may come,
sherry and St. Lucar 56 gallons 240
red wines 455 gallons 290 of this great commerce, is now apparent. It is
Champague 34 doz. bots 257 but the beginning of what it shall be if states-
Wine, in bottles, claret 85 doz. bots. 351
MiLdeira
.

5 doz. bots ....

.

41
manlike counsels shall prevail. The commer-
port 2 doz. bots 38 cial nations of Europe are very mindful of our
other 5 doz. bots .... 40 present relations with Hayti, and are skilfully
Zinc, nails 110 pound.? 70
sheets 830 pounds 70 seeking at this moment to strengthen their own
other manufactures of 64 connections there, and to anticipate and neu-
Value of merchandise not enumerated above 940
tralize the effect of our proposed recognition.
Value of merchandise exported to Hayti free of
duty 12,281 England has summoned from the East Indies,
Value of merchandise exported to Hayti paying and has dispatched to the Court of the Queen
duty 219,496
of the Antilles, Mr. Spencer St. John, as her
Total. 231,777 charge d'affaires and consul general. Mr.
Value of merchandise exported to Hayti Amer-
Henry Byron, long resident at Hayti. is his
in
ican vessels $212,910 vice consul. The Marquis de Forvin Jansou
Value of merchandise exported to Hayti in for- represents France, and Senor Antonio Alvarez
eign vessels 18,867
,
is there from Spain. These are all new ap-
C.
pointments, and the ofBcers are said to be able
Statement of gno<h, scares, and merchandise of the grmvfh, and experienced diplomatists. If the United
produce, anil inaniifaciure of foreign countries imjiortal
States would retain her commerce with Hayti
,

into Ike United States from Hayti, during the year ending
June 30, 1800. she should, under the bill now before the House,
JIERCHAXmSE FREE OF DUTY. select accomplished representatives to guard
\ Articles, the produce of the United States her great and growing interests.
\ brought back .1B2,865
Coffee 15,621,751 pounds.... 1,679,657
Regarded as a question of state policy, affect-
.Gold 900 ing mere pecuniary interests, such legislation
 LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS

1 ,„^
013 700 942
Mill mil mil III nil

^
13 of more importance to us than our costly Government of Hayti.' Treaties are not made
negotiations with Japan, where less than one until nationalities are admitted. need her We
twentieth part in value of our products is re- harbors for our national vessels, and the time
ceived at an immense expenditure of money. is at hand when we may find nowhere else so

Hayti purchases from us $1,200,000 more of our opportune and fit accommodation.
exports than are taken by Norway and Sweden Within a few years past, invitations have
combined. We import from Hayti more by been extended from the Hajden Government
fifty per cent, than we receive from Turkey. for such emigration as a portion of our popu-
Even Russia, with her immense region of terri- lation now begins
earnestly to seek. Provi-
tory and her population of seventy millions of dence opens an answer to us
to the earnest cry
people, does not receive of our industry more of philanthropy for a home for those who are
than is already made available by Haytien houseless and without home here. But first,
commerce to the five or six hundred thousand this bill must become a law, and fit treaties
persons of that West India island and while
;
must be made and rights recognised and
this is true, it is also a fact that our imports friendly intercourse establised. It is fortunate
from Russia fall short of those from Hayti about for us that such a man as Fabre JeCTrard con-
five hundred thousand dollars annually. ducts the Haytien administration. He is a
The importance of these interests to us is true man and a wise statesman. Already the
well understood iu Europe. In France, many influence of his administrative ability is felt iu
years ago, a work was published by her Gov- the assured security of life and ot property
ernment, in which it is said :
under his rule. He loves his country, and if
"Favored by tlioir proximity to Hay ti, the Americans
his public life shall be continued he will make
are detcnniucd on reducing the price of their sail provis- her great at home and everywhere respected.
ions, their flour, soap, &c., to so low a figure tliat European
There was recently a court-martial ordered
competition is out of the question. They export from their
warehouses at New York, wines, hardwares, hats,. caps, at Port au Prince to try certain conspirators
French sillis. and English manufactures. They furnish the against the Government. There were twenty-
Haytiens with the oils and pastes of Italy, and monopolize
the sale of candles, tapers, cheese, and timber for building.
eight accused and twelve condemned to death.
They maintain the .same superiority iu the export trade. Jetfrard, in a proclamation issued by him in
They take three foui<t,hs of the diQeront woods cut iii Hayti, January last, commuted their sentence. And
two thirds of all the coffee exported, and are the exclusive
exporters of fustic, and nearly so of tortoise shell. In flue, these are the reasons he assigns :

the commercial sutjcriority of the United States extends

over every part of the empire, and in its rapid progress
bids fair to exclude altogether the vessels as well as the
merchants of Europe. Among the countries with which the
United SUdes have commercial intercourse, Hayti holds the
ninth rank as respects tonnage. All the Stales arc more or
Jess interested in Haytien trade. The nortlieastern ttates
find a market there for their Osh and other merchandise;
Peunsylvanin. Nurlhern Virginia, Maryland, Ohio, Indiana,
Kentucky, Illmois, and Missouri, for their salted jjork; Ver-
mont, New York, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Ohio for
their salted beef; Philadelphia and Boston, North and South
Carolina, Virginia, and Kentucky, for their household furni-
ture, their rice, and tobacco. The manufactories of New
England, New York, and Pennsylvania have ah-oady secured
an extensive market in llayti for their cheap coUon textiles,
and successfully compete with European mauuiaclurers."
Such was the review of American commerce
with Hayti given many years ago officially in
France. There can be no doubt that the mo-
nopolies then prophesied might have been re-
" At the moment
of ordering the execution of this sen-
tence, tilled with the sentiments of humanity, of which I
have given more than one proof, and to which the interest
of my country has sometimes obliged mc to do violence, I
have asked myself if the life of these citizens, led astray
for a moment by blind ambition, could not be spared tins
once, without endangering society. Everything has coun-
selled clemency ! —
The reprobation with which the criminal
movement of November last was received, the complete iso-
lation of its authors, the perfect tranquility which the
country-has enjoyed before as well as since this attempt,
and which these madmen, notwithstanding their efforts,
could not in the least disturb, and finally the stability of
the republic. Using the power guarantied by the Constitu-
tion, I have commuted their sentence of death to tliat of
imprisonment.
'• Citizens ! The Government of the republic is able to
show itself generous, because it possesses that powerful
force which the sympathies and devotion of the people
give.
" To maintain its power, it does not need, like those odi-
ous and tyrannical systems, to impress terror by its inflex-
ibility in chastisement It will ever be, with the aid of
-

alized if the opportunities offered to us had
been appreciated and accepted. It ought not
to be wondered at that our pertinacious refusal
to extend the ordinary courtesies of national
recognition had crippled the energies of our
merchants and disabled the enterprise of our
citizens. Never has it been more important
Providence and the concurrence of good citizens, that I shall
endeavor to counteract all attempts against public order,
that I maj' thereby the more elfectuallj' insiu'e that security
which is so neces.sary to the country lor its moral and ma-
terialadvancement, as well as the development of its com-
mercial relations with foreign nations.
" Done at the National Palace of Port au Prince the 29th
of January, 1SG2, in the fifty-ninth year of the independ-
ence .

JEFFRAKD. '

to us than now to find a welcome and a certain

market for our wealth of agriculture and our . A republic whose citizens, after an independ-
infinite industrial products. Nor has there ence of sixty years, have chosen such a Pres-
been a time when it was so essential as now ident, shouitl be made welcome by us among
that we should enter into treaties with the the family of nations.

SCAMlfELL & CO., PRINTERS, CORNIER OF SECOND STREET k INDIANA ATENUE, THIRD FLOOR