46

Fuzzy Homomorphisms of Groups

Yao Bingxue
(Department of Mathematics Liaocheng Teachers University, Shandong 252059 CHINA)

Abstract: The concept of fuzzy homomorphism of groups is introduced

based on the fuzzy mapping and the fundamental theorem of fuzzy

homomorphism is established.
Keywords: Fuzzy mapping; Fuzzy homomorphism; Fuzzy isomorphism.

In this paper G and G' always stand for groups whose unit elements are
denoted by e and e', respectively.
Definition 1 Let X and Y be two nonempty sets and let f be a fuzzy

subset of X
that
f(x,yx)

Y . If for 'Vx

X, there exits a unique Yx

= 1, then f is called a fuzzy mapping fromXto

We denote!:
call ! onto if

Y such

Y.

X ~ Y in case ! is a fuzzy mapping from X to Y. We

vv E Y,3x EX,

such that !(x,y) = 1. The fuzzy mapping f is

one-one if !(x"y) = !(x2,y) = 1 =>

Definition 2 A fuzzy mapping

homomorphism if for 'Vx1, X2

XI

= x2

r: G .. ~

G, 'Vy

G' is called a fuzzy

G' ,
!(X1X2,Y)
YIY2}'

sup{!(X"YI)

/\ !(X2'Y2)

If a fuzzy homomorphism !: G ~ G' is onto, we write G -G' . A fuzzy

homomorphism

f :G .. ~

G' is called a fuzzy isomorphism if

f is both

one-one and onto. In this case, we write G =.G'.

Proposition 3 Let f :G ~ G' be a fuzzy homomorphism. Then
(1) f(e,e')=l
(4) YxxI 2 =YxYx'
1

VXPX2 EG.

Proposition 4 Let f :G ~ G' be an onto fuzzy homomorphism. Then

N

= {x E G I f(x,e') = I} is a normal subgroup of G and

% is isomorphic to

G'.

Proposition 5 Let f :G ~ G' be a fuzzy homomorphism and let A be a

fuzzy subgroup of G. Then f(A) is a fuzzy subgroup ofG, where

= sup{A(x) I f(x,y) = I}, vv E G'. Moreover, if A is a fuzzy normal

f(A)(y)

subgroup of G and f is onto, then f(A) is a fuzzy normal subgroup ofG.

Proof: For \/YPY2'y

f(A)(y-l)

= sup{A(x-l) I f(x-

G', we have

,y-I)

= I} = sup{A(x) I f(x,y) = I} = f(A)(y).

So, f(A) is a fuzzy subgroup ofG.

If A is a fuzzy normal subgroup of G and f is onto, then there exists

;::sup{A(x) I f(x,y)

= I} = f(A)(y)

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That is, I(A) is a fuzzy normal subgroup ofG.

Proposition 6 Let

I: G

~ G' be a fuzzy homomorphismand

and let B

be a fuzzy subgroup (fuzzy normal subgroup) of G'. Then 1-1(B) is a fuzzy

subgroup (fuzzy normal subgroup) of G, where 1-1 (B)(x) = B(yx)' Vx E G.

So,

1-' (B) is a fuzzy subgroup of G.

If B is a fuzzy normal subgroup, Then

Hence,

1-' (B)

is a fuzzy normal subgroup of G.

Proposition 7 Let A be a fuzzy normal subgroup of G and A( e)= 1. Then

I :G ~

G' is an onto fuzzy homomorphism.

For Vx E G, we have l(x,xA)

show that f: G ~

= A(x-1x) = A(e) = 1. If

XPX2

% is an onto fuzzy mapping. Moreover, if for

G , such

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So, f(XlX2 ,yA) ~ sup{f(xl ,ylA) /\ f(x2 'Y2A) I yA = (YlA)(Y2A)},

sup{f(XPYlA) /\ f(X2'Y2A) I yA

= (YlA)(Y2A)} ~ f(XPXlA)

/\ f(x2,x;l yA)

=f(X2,xl-lyA)
Hence, f(Xlx2,yA)

= sup{f(Xl'YlA)

/\ f(X2'Y2A)

= A(X~lx;ly) = f(Xlx2,yA)

I yA = (YlA)(Y2A)}.

That is, G ~~.

Proposition 8 Let I :G ~ G' be an onto fuzzy homomorphism. Then
(1) A is a fuzzy normal subgroup of G, where
A(x)

= f(x,e')

/\ f(x-1 ,e'),

Vx E G.

(2) ~=G'.
Proof: (1) For VX,a E G, we have
A(xa)

= f(xa,e')

/\ fxa)-l ,e') ~ f(x,e') /\ f(a,e') /\ f(a-I,e') /\ f(x-l ,e')

=[f(x,e') /\ f(x-l ,e')] /\ [f(a,e') /\ f ia" ,e')]

, A(x-l)

= A(x). So

A(a-l xa)

= f(a-l
~f

= A(x) /\ A(a)

A is a fuzzy subgroup of G. Further,

xa,e') /\ f(a-lx-la,e')

= f(a-l

xa,y~le' Yo) /\ f(a-lx-la,y~le'

Yo)

ta" ,'y~l) /\ f(x,e') /\ f(a,yo) /\ f(a-l ,y~l) /\ f(x-l ,e') /\ f(a,y

= A(x).

= f(x,e') /\ f(x-l ,e')

Hence, A is a fuzzy normal subgroup of G.

(2) Let h(xA,y) = f(x,y),
that h(xA,yJ

f(x,yx)

= 1.

Vx E G, Vy E G'. Then there exists Yx

If xlA

x2A and :3 Yl'Y2

h(xlA'Yl) = h(x2A'Y2) = 1, then A(X;IX2) = A(e) = 1.

So, f(XI-l X2' e') /\ f(X~l xl'e') = 1,f(xil X2' e') = 1.

G' such that

G', such

From

!ex;lx2'Yl-IY2) ~

n: ,y;l)

!eX2'Y2)

= 1, we can obtain that

y;IY2

= e'

andYl=Y2. Hence, h: ~ ... ~ G' is an onto fuzzy mapping.

If :3 Xl,X2

G, such that hexIA,y)

= !ex2,y) = 1. So,

!(xpy)
Aex;lx2)

= 1=

For

Aee).

VXPX2

h(eXIA)(X2A),y)

i.e.

h: ~

= hXIX2A),y) = !(X1x2,y)

... ~ G'

A !ex2,y)

= 1 and hence

shows that h is one-one.

G, Vy E G' , we have

= sup{hex1A'Yl) A !ex2A'Y2) I
SO,

~ !ex;1 ,y-I)

!ex;lx2,e')

xIA= x2A . It

= h(x2A,y) = 1 , then

= sup{!(XpYl)

!(X2'Y2)

I Y = YIY2}

Y = YIY2}'

is a fuzzy isomorphism and hence ~

== G' .

References
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[3] A.B.Chakraborty and S.S.Khare. Fuzzy homomorphisms andJ-fuzzy
subgroups generated by a fuzzy subset. Fuzzy Sets and Systems,
74(1995):259-268
[4] Liu W.J. Fuzzy invariant subgroups and fuzzy ideals. Fuzzy Sets and
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