SVD nyelv gyakorl 41-58

Swedish III

47. Future Tense

41. Places

48. Sports

42. Transportation

49. Nature

54. Present & Past

Participles
55. Passive Voice

43. Adjectives

50. Parts of the Body

56. Office & School

Supplies

44. Comparative &

Superlative

51. Relative Pronouns

57. Materials & Tools

52. Animals & Insects

58. Traveling & Airport

53. Adverbs

Swedish Provinces

45. House & Furniture

46. Clothing

http://www.ielanguages.com/swedish.html
http://www.ielanguages.com/swedish3.html

Swedish III Tutorial:

Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar

Thanks to Krystallia for the mp3s! Don't forget to check out the Foreign Service Institute
Swedish Course and Swedish Listening Resources, where you will find authentic and
spontaneous Swedish recordings with transcripts and English translations.

41. Places
airport
bakery
bank
bar

flygplats
bageri (n)
bank
bar

embassy
factory
farm
fountain

ambassad
fabrik
bondgrd
fontn/brunn
1

port
prison
restaurant
road/street

hamn
fngelse (n)
restaurang
gata

barn
barracks
bench
bookstore
bridge
building
castle
cathedral
cemetery
church
cinema
consulate
corner
courtyard

lada
kasern
bnk
bokhandel
bro
byggnad
slott (n)
katedral
kyrkogrd
kyrka
biograf
konsulat (n)
hrn (n)
grd

garage
hospital
hotel
house
hut
inn
library
market
monument
museum
palace
path
pharmacy
police station

garage (n)
sjukhus (n)
hotell (n)
hus (n)
hydda
vrdshus (n)
bibliotek (n)
marknad
monument
museum
palats (n)
stig
apotek (n)
polisstation

school
sidewalk
square
stable
stadium
store
suburb
theater
tower
town
town hall
train station
university
village

skola
trottoar
torg (n)
stall (n)
stadion
affr
frort
teater
torn (n)
stad
rdhus (n)
jrnvgsstation
universitet (n)
by

42. Transportation
airplane
bicycle
boat
bus
car
moped
motorcycle
ship
streetcar
train
truck

flygplan
cykel
bt
buss
bil
moped
motorcykel
skepp (n)
sprvagn
tg (n)
lastbil

43. Adjectives
Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe. In Swedish,
adjectives are placed directly before the noun, as in English. There are two types of
adjectives: strong and weak. Strong adjectives are used after the indefinite article and the
words ngon (a, some, any), ingen (no), en annan (another), vilken (what a), and all (all); as
well as after the verbs to be and to become (vara and bli). Weak adjectives are used with the
definite article, demonstratives, possessive adjectives or a possessive noun.

Strong (Indefinite): The basic rule for strong adjectives is to add -t for neuter nouns and -a
for plural nouns. There is no ending for adjectives that modify common nouns.

basic rule

common
en fin bil

neuter
ett fint hus
2

plural
fina bilar

a beautiful car
ending in vowel + d
god
ending in consonant + d ond
ending long vowel
bl
ending in -er or -el
vacker
ending in -en
egen
gammal is irregular
gammal
liten is irregular
liten

a beautiful house
gott
ont
bltt
vackert
eget
gammalt
litet

beautiful cars
goda
onda
bla
vackra
egna
gamla
sm

Weak (Definite): The basic rule for weak adjectives is to add -a for all nouns. Note that the
noun has the definite article attached to the end and the words den, det or de preceding the
adjective. The adjective liten is completely irregular in the singular and plural. With adjectives
follow possessives or demonstratives, the definite article is not attached to the end of the
noun.

basic rule
liten is irregular

common
den fina bilen
the beautiful car
den lilla bilen
the small car

neuter
det fina huset
the beautiful house
det lilla huset
the small house

plural
de fina bilarna
the beautiful cars
de sm bilarna
the small cars

Some common adjectives cannot be declined and they remain the same in all forms: bra
(good), extra (extra), gratis (free).

44. Comparative & Superlative

Forming the comparative and superlative of adjectives in Swedish is very similar to English.
Most adjectives add -are to the adjective for the comparative and -ast(e) for the superlative.
Some adjectives add nothing to the adjective, but use mer or mest (more or most) before the
adjective.
comparative superlative
-are
-ast
-are
-aste
mer
mest

strong adjectives
weak adjectives
many syllables

Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms

good - better - best
good - better - best (food)
bad - worse - worst
bad - less good - least good
few - fewer

god / bra
god
dlig
dlig
f
3

bttre
godare
vrre
smre
frre

bst
godast
vrst
smst

small - smaller - smallest

many - more - most
much - more - most
old - older - oldest

liten
mnga
mycket
gammal

mindre
fler
mer
ldre

minst
flest
mest
ldst

Godare and godast usually only refer to food. Fler / flest are used with count nouns, while mer
/ mest are used with non-count nouns.
Comparing two or more adjectives: To express egality (as... as), use s...som. To express
superiority (-er or more... than), use -are or mer and n (than.) To express the superlative (est or the most), use -ast or mest.

45. House & Furniture

alarm clock
armchair
attic
balcony
basement
basket
bathroom
bathtub
bed
bedroom
blanket
blinds
bookcase
box
broom
carpet
ceiling
chair
chimney
clock
closet
computer
corner
cupboard
curtain
cushion

vckarklocka
lnstol
vindsvning
balkong
kllare
korg
badrum
bad
sng
sovrum (n)
filt
rullgardin
bokhylla
kista
kvast
matta
tak (n)
stol
skorsten
klocka
garderob
dator
hrn (n)
skp (n)
gardin
kudde

desk
door
doorbell
drawer
fence
fireplace
floor
floor / storey
furniture
garden
ground floor
house
iron (flat)
key
kitchen
lamp
lawn
light bulb
lock
mattress
mirror
oven
pantry
picture
pillow
pipe (water)

bord (n)
drr
ringklocka
lda
staket (n)
eldstad
golv (n)
vning
mbler (pl.)
trdgrd
botten vning
hus (n)
strykjrn (n)
nyckel
kk (n)
lampa
grsmatta
gldlampa
ls (n)
madrass
spegel
ugn
skafferi (n)
tavla
huvudkudde
rr (n)

46. Clothing
4

refrigerator
roof
room
rug
sheet
shelf
shower
sink
sofa
stairs
stove
table
tap (faucet)
telephone
television
toaster
toilet (WC)
towel
vacuum cleaner
vase
wall
wall (room)
window
yard

kylskp (n)
tak (n)
rum (n)
matta
lakan (n)
hylla
dusch
diskbnk
soffa
trappa
spis
bord (n)
kran
telefon
television
brdrost
toalett
handduk
dammsugare
vas
mur
vgg
fnster (n)
grd

apron

frklde (n)
badkappa,
bathrobe
badrock
belt
skrp (n)
blouse
blus
boot
knga
bra
beh
bracelet
armband (n)
brush
hrborste
buckle
spnne (n)
button
knapp
cap
mssa
clothes
klder
coat
jacka
collar
krage
comb
kam
contact lens kontaktlins

glasses

glasgon

shorts

shorts

glove

handske

silk

silke (n)

handbag
handkerchief
hat
jacket
necklace
needle
nightgown
overcoat
pants
pin
pocket
purse
raincoat
ring

skirt
sleeve
slippers
soap
sock
stocking
suit
sunglasses
suspenders
sweater
swimsuit
thread
tie
T-shirt

kjol
rm
toffel, tofflor
tvl
strumpa
nylonstrumpa
kostym
solglasgon
hngslen
trja
badklder
trd
slips
T-shirt

cotton

bomull

scarf

umbrella

paraply

dress
earrings
fashion

klnning
rhngen
mode

shirt
shoe
shoelaces

handvska
nsduk
hatt
jacka
halsband (n)
nl
nattlinne (n)
verrock
byxor
knappnl
ficka
brs
regnrock
ring
scarf /
halsduk
skjorta
sko
skosnren

waistcoat vst
watch
klocka
wool
ull

47. Future Tense

One way to form the future tense in Swedish is by using the auxiliary verb ska before an
infinitive. This implies intention and the involvement of someone's will or wish. As an
alternative, you can use tnker before an infinitive, as long as it is the subject's wish and not
someone else's.
Du ska tala svenska. You are going to speak Swedish.
Jag ska resa till Amerika i hst. I'm going to America in the fall.
Vi tnker flyga hem. We're going to fly home.
Another way is to use kommer att before an infinitive. This does not imply intention or will,
as it's more of a prediction or assumption about the future.
Du kommer att tala svenska. You are going to speak Swedish.
Du kommer att tycka om min vn. You will like my friend.
Alla kommer att vara hr klockan 8. Everybody will be here at 8 o'clock.

48. Sports

badminton
baseball
basketball
bowling
boxing
cycling
golf
hockey
ice-skating
jogging

badminton
baseball
basket
bowling
boxning
cykelsport
golf
hockey
konstkning
joggning

rugby
sailing
skiing
soccer
surfing
swimming
table tennis
tennis
volleyball
wrestling

rugby
segling
skidsport
fotboll
surfing
simning
bordtennis
tennis
volleyboll
brottning

49. Nature
air
bank

luft
strand

grass
gulf

grs (n)
vik

root
rose

bay

vik

hail

hagel (n)

salt water

beach
branch
bud
bush
cape

strand
gren
knopp
buske
kap

hay
high tide
hill
ice
island

sand
sea
shadow
sky
snow

cave

grotta

isthmus

soil

mark

climate

klimat

jungle

h (n)
flod
kulle
is

landtunga,
ns
djungel

rot
ros
saltvatten
(n)
sand
hav (n)
skugga
himmel
sn

sder

cloud

moln (n)

lake

sj

coast
comet
constellation
country(side)
current
daffodil
daisy
darkness

kust
komet
konstellation
land (n)
strm
narcisser
tusenskna
mrker (n)

blad
ljus (n)
blixt
lilja
ebb
ng
mne
berg (n)

desert

ken

bergskedja

thunder

ska

dew
dust
earth
east

dagg
damm (n)
jord
ster
lantbruk /
farm
flt
blomma

leaf
light
lightning
lily
low tide
meadow
moon
mountain
mountain
range
mud
nature
north
peninsula

south
spring
(water)
star
stem
storm
strait
stream
sun
sunflower
thaw

mudder (n)
natur
norr
halv

tornado
tree
tulip
valley

tromb
trd
tulpan
dal

plain

slt

view

utsikt

planet
plant

planet
vxt

water
waterfall

vatten (n)
vattenfall (n)

farm
field
flower

klla
stjrna
stam
storm
sund
bck
sol
solros
tvder (n)

foam
fog
forest
fresh water
frost

skum (n)
dimma
skog
stvatten (n)
frost

pond
rain
rainbow
river
rock

damm (n)
regn (n)
regnbge
flod
klippa

wave
weather
west
wind
world

blja
vder (n)
vster
vind
vrld

50. Parts of the Body

ankle
arm
artery
back
beard
belly
bladder
blood
body
bone
brain
breast
breath
calf
cheek
chest
chin
complexion
ear
elbow
eye
eyebrow
eyelid
face

fotled
arm
pulsder
rygg
skgg (n)
buk
blsa
blod (n)
kropp
ben (n)
hjrna
brst
ande, andedrkt
vad
kind
brst (n)
haka
hy
ra (n)
armbge
ga (n)
gonbryn (n)
gonlock (n)
ansikte (n)

finger
fist
flesh
foot
forehead
gum
hair
hand
head
health
heart
heel
hip
intestines
jaw
kidney
knee
leg
lip
liver
lung
moustache
mouth
muscle

finger (n)
knytnve
ktt (n)
fot
panna
tandktt (n)
hr (n)
hand
huvud (n)
hlsa
hjrta (n)
hl
hft
inlvor (pl.)
kke
njure
kn (n)
ben (n)
lpp
lever
lunga
mustasch
mun
muskel

nail
neck
nerve
nose
pain
pulse
rib
shin
shoulder
skeleton
skin
skull
sole
spine
stomach
temple
thigh
throat
thumb
toe
tongue
tooth
vein
waist
wrist

nagel
hals
nerv
nsa
smrta
hjrtslag
revben (n)
skenben
skuldra
skelett
skinn (n)
skalle
fotsula
ryggrad
mage
tinning
lr (n)
strupe
tumme
t
tunga
tand
der
midja
handled

51. Relative Pronouns

The relative pronoun som can be translated at that, which, whom, or who and it can act as a
subject or as a complement. Dr (where, in which) and nr (when) can also be used as
relative pronouns for location and time.
Stan, som ligger dr borta, r Skvde. The city that is over there is Skovde.
Flickan, som fyller 17 r, r min syster. The girl who is going to be 17 is my sister.
7

Restaurangen, som du tycker om, ligger i Gamla Stan. The restaurant which you like is in
Gamla Stan.

52. Animals & Insects

animal
ant
badger
bat
beak
bear
bee
beetle
bird
blackbird
bull
butterfly
calf
carp
cat
caterpillar
chicken
chimpanzee
claw
cockroach
cod
cow
crab
crayfish
crocodile
crow
deer
dog
donkey
dragonfly
duck
eagle
eel
elephant
feather
fin
fish
flea

djur (n)
myra
grvling
fladdermus
nbb
bjrn
bi (n)
skalbagge
fgel
koltrast
tjur
fjril
kalv
karp
katt
larv
kyckling
schimpans
klo
kackerlacka
torsk
ko
krabba
krfta
krokodil
krka
hjort
hund
sna
trollslnda
anka
rn
l
elefant
fjder
fena
fisk
loppa

giraffe
goat
goose
gorilla
grasshopper
hamster
hare
hedgehog
hen
heron
herring
hoof
horn
horse
hummingbird
iguana
insect
jellyfish
kitten
ladybug
lamb
lark
lion
lizard
lobster (spiny)
louse
mackerel
mole
monkey
mosquito
moth
mouse
mule
nightingale
octopus
ostrich
owl
ox
8

giraff
get
gs
gorilla
grshoppa
hamster
hare
igelkott
hna
hger
sill
hov
horn (n)
hst
kolibrier
Ieguan
insekt
manet
kattunge
nyckelpiga
lamm (n)
lrka
lejon (n)
dla
hummer
lus
makrill
mullvad
apa
mygga
nattfjril
mus
mula
nktergal
blckfisk
struts
uggla
oxe

pig
pigeon
pike
rabbit
raccoon
rat
rooster
salmon
scale
scorpion
sea gull
seahorse
seal
shark
sheep
shrimp
slug
snail
snake
sole
sparrow
spider
squirrel
starfish
stork
swallow
swan
tadpole
tail
tiger
toad
trout
tuna
turkey
turtle
wasp
weasel
whale

svin (n)
duva
gdda
kanin
tvttbjrn
rtta
tupp
lax
fjll (n)
skorpion
ms
sjhst
sl
haj
fr
rka
snigel
snigel
orm
sjtunga
sparv
spindel
ekorre
sjstjrna
stork
svala
svan
grodyngel
svans
tiger
padda
forell
tonfisk
kalkon
skldpadda
geting
vessla
valfisk, val

fly
fox
frog
fur
gill

fluga
rv
groda
pls
gl

oyster
parrot
partridge
paw
penguin

ostron (n)
papegoja
rapphna
tass
pingvin

wing
wolf
worm
zebra

vinge
varg
mask
zebra

53. Adverbs
never
always
probably
at least
only, merely
gladly, willingly
not
maybe, perhaps
hardly

aldrig
alltid
antagligen
tminstone
bara
grna
inte
kanske
knappast

possibly
often
already
surely
seldom
soon
probably
usually
really, indeed

mjligen
ofta
redan
skert
sllan
snart
troligtvis
vanligtvis
verkligen

Adverbs are generally placed after the first verb in independent clauses with straight word
order.
David rker ofta pipa. David often smokes a pipe.
Stockholm ligger inte i Amerika. Stockholm is not in America.
Talar Bo alltid lngsamt? Does Bo always speak slowly?
In subordinate clauses, the adverb is placed before the conjugated verb.
Hon tror, att hon alltid har rtt. She thinks that she is always right.
Lars sade, att han inte tycker om att kra bil. Lars said that he doesn't like to drive.
Many adverbs in Swedish have two distinct forms: one to denote location and one to denote
movement to or from a place. Location adverbs answer the question var? where? while
movement adverbs answer the question vart? where to?

in
out
there
up
down
here
there
away
(at) home

Location
inne
ute
framme
uppe
nere
hr
dr
borta
hemma

Movement
in
ut
fram
upp
ner
hit
dit
bort
hem

Location adverbs are used with verbs of rest (vara, st, ligga, sitta, stanna, finnas, bo, trivas)
and movement adverbs are used with verbs of motion (g, komma, fara, resa, ka, flytta,
spring, kra, flyga).
Malin r hr. Malin is here.
Malin kommer hit. Malin is coming here.
Mamma stannar hemma. Mother is staying home.
Mamma gr hem. Mother is going home.

54. Present & Past Participles

The present participle in Swedish acts as an adjective. Present participles cannot be used to
form the progressive tenses as in English, i.e. He is reading is translated as Han lser. Nor
can present participles be used as gerunds (-ing form used as nouns in English). In this case,
the infinitive is used: Do you like reading? Tycker du om att lsa?
The Swedish present participle is formed by adding -ande to most verbs, and -ende to verbs
whose infinitives do not end in -a. Although the present participle acts as an adjective, it is not
declined like other adjectives. It remains the same at all times.
en strlande dag
tv strlande dagar
den strlande dagen
de strlande dagarna
The past participle in Swedish also acts as an adjective, either in the predicate of the sentence
or as a modifying adjective before a noun. Unlike the present participle, the past participle
does decline and agree with the noun in gender and number. Remember that the supine form
is used in the perfect tenses in Swedish, whereas English uses the past participle. The past
participle is used in the passive voice in Swedish, however.
Indefinite Forms: The en word forms vary according to the conjugation pattern of the verb.
The ett word forms are similar to the regular adjective endings, and add -t or -tt. The plural
forms add either -a or -e ( for -ar verbs). Predicate adjectives are always declined in the
definite forms.
Definite Forms: The singular and plural forms of the definite past participles are the same as
the plural indefinite forms: add -a to most verbs, and -e to -ar verbs.

55. Passive Voice

Bli + past participle
The passive voice is formed similar to the English passive, but with a different verb:
conjugation of bli + past participle (which must agree with the subject). It is possible to use
vara (be) instead of bli (become) in these sentences, but this describes a state or condition.
Using bli describes an action or a transition from one state to another. Notice that av is the
preposition used to mean by when expressing the agent.
10

Skjortan blir tvttad. The shirt was washed.

Klderna blir tvttade. The dresses were washed.
Huset blev slt av Johan. The house was sold by John.
Verb + s
Another way to form the passive voice is the -s form. The ending -s can be added to the
infinitive, past tense or supine forms. In the present tense, -s is added to the infinitive of the
-ar and long vowel verbs and to the stem of the -er and irregular verbs. Also, if the stem
already ends in -s, an -e is inserted before the -s. This verb + s form commonly follows modal
verbs.
Nyheterna lses varje timme. The news is read every hour.
Bordet kptes av min moster. The table was bought by my aunt.
Rkningen hade redan betalats. The bill had already been paid.
Barn ska ses men inte hras. The child will be seen but not heard.

56. Office & School Supplies

backpack
book
briefcase
cabinet
cable
calculator
calendar
chair
chalk
computer
crayon
date
desk
dictionary
disk (floppy)
document
drawer
envelope
eraser
fax machine
file
globe
glue
ink
keyboard

ryggsck
bok
portflj
kabinett
kabel
minirknare
kalender
stol
krita
dator
frgkrita
datum (n)
bord
ordbok
diskett
dokument
lda
kuvert (n)
gummi (n)
telefax
fil
jordglob
limma
blck (n)
tangentbord

lamp
laptop
map
microphone
monitor
mouse
mousepad
newspaper
notebook
novel
page
paper
paper clip
pen
pencil
periodical
photocopier
printer
ruler
scanner
scissors
sender
software
typewriter
wastebasket
11

lampa
brbar dator
karta
mikrofon
monitor
mus
musmatta
dagstidning
anteckningsbok
roman
sida
papper
gem
penna
blyertspenna
tidskrift
kopieringsmaskin
skrivare
linjal
scanner / bildlsare
sax
sndare
mjukvara
skrivmaskin
soptunna

57. Materials & Tools

alloy
brass
brick
cement
chalk
clay
coal
concrete
copper
cork
glass
gold
iron
lead
leather
lime
marble
mercury
metal
rubber
silver
steel
stone
tar
tin
wood

legering
mssing
mursten
cement (n)
krita
lera
kol (n)
betong
koppar
kork
glas (n)
guld (n)
jrn (n)
bly (n)
lder (n)
kalk
marmor
kvicksilver (n)
metall
gummi (n)
silver (n)
stl (n)
sten
tjra
tenn (n)
tr (n)

axe
board
chisel
cord
file
gun
hammer
hoe
hook (fishing)
line (fishing)
nail
net
nut
pliers
plow
rod (fishing)
saw
scissors
screw
screwdriver
spring
string
tool
tool box
wire
wrench

yxa
brde (n)
mejsel
rep
fil
gevr (n)
hammare
hacka
metkrok
metrev
spik
nt (n)
mutter
tng
plog
mestp (n)
sg
sax
skruv
skruvmejsel
fjder
snre (n)
verktyg (n)
verktygslda
trd
skruvnyckel

58. Traveling & Airport

arrival
baggage
border
coach, car
compartment
connection
customs
delay
departure
engine

ankomst
bagage (n)
grns
vagn
kup
frbindelse
tull
frsening
avresa
lokomotiv (n)

platform
porter
railroad car
railway
return ticket
seat
sleeping car
station
station master
stop
12

plattform
brare
jrnvgsvagn
jrnvg
biljett retur
plats
sovvagn
station
stationsinspektor
halt

entrance
exit
guard
information bureau
lavatory
passenger
passport

ingng
utgng
konduktr
upplysningskontor (n)
toalett
passagerare
pass (n)

suitcase
ticket
ticket office
time table
trunk
visa
waiting room

kappsck
biljett
biljettkontor (n)
tidtabell
koffert
visa
vntsal

Swedish Provinces
Sweden is divided into 3 lands: Norrland, Svealand and Gtaland; which are divided into
25 smaller landskap. These are not political divisions, but they are used in everyday language
(such as in weather reports).
Norrland: Lappland, Norrbotten, Vsterbotten, ngermanland, Jmtland, Medelpad,
Hrjedalen, Hlsingland, Gstrikland
Svealand: Dalarna, Vrmland, Vstmanland, Nrke, Uppland, Sdermanland
Gtaland: Dalsland, Bohusln, Vstergtland, stergtland, Smland, land, Gotland,
Halland, Skne, Blekinge

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