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Documente Profesional
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PAUL G. GALANTY
ACRONYM, ALTERNATIVE NAME, TRADE NAMES
1
Ultramid , Nylatron
CLASS
Aliphatic polyamides
NHCH2 5 CO
STRUCTURE
MAJOR APPLICATIONS
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
REFERENCE
Monomer
Molecular mass
Melting point
Boiling point
Bulk density
g mol1
K
K
g cm3
"-Caprolactam
113.16
342.2
543
0.60.7
(2)
Polymerization heats of
reaction
kcal mol1
Hydrolysis
Addition
Condensation
2.1
4
6:1
(3)
Repeat unit
NHCH2 5 CO
g mol1
Typical as sold
Solid state
1.85.2 (104 )
1 105
(3)
Typical polydispersity
index
1.92.0
(3)
IR (characteristic absorption
frequencies)
cm1
Assignment
NH hydrogen-bonded stretch
CO amide I stretch
CN amide II stretch
3,300
1,640
1,545
180
(4)
(5)
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nylon 6
Chemical resistance6
Chemical
Temp. (8C)
Conc. (%)
Rating
Excellent
Acetone
Benzene
Ethylene glycol/water
Ethylene glycol/water
Formic acid
Gasoline
Gasoline/methanol (15%)
Hydrochloric acid
Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Trichloroethylene
Water
Water (steam)
23
23
23
120
23
100
23
23
23
60
23
Up to 50
100150
100
100
50
50
90
100
15
10
10
20
100
100
100
Good
Poor
Severe attack
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
REFERENCE
Lattice
Monoclinic
(7)
nm
structure
a 0:956, b 1:724,
c 0:801
a 0:933, b 1:688,
c 0:478
(7)
structure
Degrees
structure
structure
67.5
121
(7)
structure
structure
4
4
(7)
Heat of fusion
J g1
Calorimetry
188
(8)
Density
g cm3
1.13
(9)
Degree of crystallinity
Typical molded
50
(10)
Mark-Houwink parameters: K ml g1
K and a
a None
K 0:023
a 0:82
(11)
Polymorphs
(7)
Refractive index
1.53
(12)
Glass transition
temperature
DSC
320330
(13)
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
181
Nylon 6
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
REFERENCE
Melting point
493
(9)
Specic heat
J g1 K1
Neat, 08C
Neat, 1208C
Neat, 1608C
1.38
2.30
2.68
(14)
Thermal expansion
coefcient
mm (mm K)1
ASTM D-696
Neat resin
33% glass ber
Deection temperature
under load
182
ASTM D-648
Neat resin
Load 1:80 MPa
Load 0:45 MPa
33% glass ber
Load 1:80 MPa
Load 0:45 MPa
MPa
ASTM D-638
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
ASTM D-638
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
ASTM D-638
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
(9)
8:30 10
3:80 104
(9)
338
438
483
493
(9)
79
21
36
200
83
127
(9)
7
15
16
3
7
6
(9)
70
>300
260
3
7
6
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nylon 6
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
Flexural strength
MPa
ASTM D-790
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
Flexural modulus
Hardness, Rockwell
Abrasion resistance
MPa
J m1
R scale
mg kcycles1
ASTM D-790
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
DAM, 1218C
50% RH, 238C
ASTM D-256
Neat resin
DAM, 238C
50% RH, 238C
33% glass ber
DAM, 238C
50% RH, 238C
VALUE
REFERENCE
(9)
108
17
35
276
112
179
(9)
2,829
304
738
9,384
3,319
5,127
(9)
53
NB
117
235
119
121
(9)
9
30
(15)
Volume resistivity
ohm cm
1:00 1014
1:00 1015
Surface resistivity
ohms
1:00 1015
1:00 1015
Dielectric constant
3.80
(9)
Dissipation factor
0.022
(9)
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
(9)
(9)
183
Nylon 6
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
kV mm1
460
560
Thermal conductivity
W (m K)1
0.23
Coefcient of friction
Moisture absorption
Flammability ratings
Price
Major suppliers
UL-94; 3.2 mm
Neat resin
33% glass ber
US$ kg1
Commercial quantities of 25
(105 ) kg yr1
Neat resin
33% glass ber
REFERENCE
(9)
(16)
(17)
0.24
0.16
0.25
0.16
(9)
378
378
403
413
393
413
(9)
2.7
9.5
1.9
6.7
(9)
V-2
HB
(18)
0.660.68
0.680.70
DAM tested dry as molded; 50% RH tested after equilibration in a 50% RH, 238C room.
184
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nylon 6
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
185
Nylon 6 copolymer
SHAW LING HSU
Ultramid T (BASF), nylon 6/6T, polyphthalamide
STRUCTURE
(Nylon 6)
(Nylon 6T)
MAJOR APPLICATIONS
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
REFERENCE
NMR
ppm
67
14
(1)
IR (characteristic absorption
frequencies)
cm1
3,305
1,627
1,545
3,000
(2, 10)
(2, 10)
(2, 10)
(37, 915)
1,400
186
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nylon 6 copolymer
PROPERTY
UNITS
CONDITIONS
VALUE
REFERENCE
IR (characteristic absorption
frequencies)
cm1
(16, 17)
(3, 8, 18)
Melting tempuratue
583613
(20, 21)
Glass transition
temperature
473
(21)
Degradation of aromatic
polyamides
(22)
Density
g cm3
1.18
(20)
608C
0.2
(20)
Tensile modulus
MPa
3,200
(20)
Tensile strength
MPa
Dry
Moist
100
90
(20)
At 624 psi
473
(20)
Dielectric constant
1 MHz
4.0
(20)
Moisture absorption
238C, saturation
238C, 50% RH
7
1.8
(21)
(20)
Solvents
Hexauoroisopropanol (HFIP)
(22)
Both assignments fall into the range of peak positions listed for these groups in standard NMR tables.
Broad features.
A broad melting behavior starts at approximately 483 K and ends at approximately 563 K. These trends are consistent with
the melting behaviors reported for nylon 6/6T copolymers.19
REFERENCES
1. Gordon, A. J. The Chemist's Companion: A Handbook of Practical Data, Techniques, and References.
John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1972.
2. Wobkemeier, M., and G. Hinrichsen. Polymer Bulletin 21 (1989): 607.
3. Kohan, M. I., ed. Nylon Plastics. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1973.
4. Miyazawa, T., and E. R. Blout. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83 (1961): 712.
5. Miyazawa, T. J. Chem. Phys. 32 (1960): 1,647.
6. Bradbury, E. M., and A. Elliot. Polymer 4 (1963): 47.
7. Jakes, J., and S. Krimm. Spectrochim Acta 27A (1971): 1934.
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
187
Nylon 6 copolymer
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
188
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.