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INFORMATION SHEET
PROGRAM
LEVEL
L1
01 WORKPLACE SAFETY
ABILITIES
MODULE OBJECTIVE
CODE NO
Z-009-1/M01/P(2/4)
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in
CODE NO.
1.
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GENERAL
Know the physical and health hazards associated with the chemicals you are using.
Carefully read the chemical's label and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before
using a chemical for the first time. Also review the appropriate Standard Operating
Procedure. These documents will provide any special handling information. After the
potential hazards associated with the chemicals and the experimental processes are
evaluated you can modify work procedures so that workplace hazards are minimized
or eliminated.
Keep the following guidelines in mind when handling chemicals:
(a)
(b)
Do NOT work alone in the laboratory. If you must work alone, notify someone
as to where you will be and when.
Use required personal protective equipment. Eye protection is always
appropriate.
(c)
(d)
Keep your hands and face clean. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after
handling any chemical and whenever you leave the lab.
(e)
Avoid direct contact with any chemical. Always wear a laboratory coat, at a
minimum.
(f)
Keep chemicals off your hands, face and clothing, including shoes.
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
Use hazardous chemicals only as directed and for their intended purpose.
(k)
(l)
Never use mouth suction to fill a pipette. Use a pipette bulb or other pipettefilling device.
(m)
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the equipment shown may be needed for a specific job. For example, respirators
should be considered only when engineering and administrative controls (such as fume
hoods and/or general dilution ventilation) cannot be used or made adequate, or while
such controls are being instituted.
The employer must provide appropriate personal protective equipment to employees,
at no cost to the employees.
2.1
EYE PROTECTION
Eye and face protection must be worn whenever its use will reduce or
eliminate injury. It is recommended that eye protection always be worn in the
laboratory
The need for adequate eye protection is fundamental to the use of chemicals,
including housekeeping materials such as wax strippers, detergent and toilet bowl
cleaners, and operations such as grinding, drilling, sawing with power tools. Eye
protection, and at times face protection, is required wherever the potential for eye
injury exists. Areas where eye protection must be worn include (but is not limited
to) laboratories, auto repair shops, machine shops, welding areas, most other
industrial technology shops, sandblasting operations, concrete cutting or grinding,
and chemical handling operations areas.
Eye protection is required for all personnel and visitors in these areas. These
areas shall be posted as such. Personnel may NOT enter such areas where
chemicals are being handled or automated processes are in operation without
eye protection.
Ordinary (street) prescription glasses do not provide adequate protection.
(Contrary to popular opinion these glasses cannot pass the rigorous test for
industrial safety glasses.) Adequate safety glasses must meet the requirements
of the standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face
Protection(ANSI Z.87.1 1989) and must be equipped with side shields. Safety
glasses with side shields do not provide adequate protection from splashes.
Therefore, when the potential for a splash hazard exists, other eye protection
and/or face protection must be worn (e.g., chemical safety goggles or face
shields), as appropriate.
Splash goggles with splash proof sides or a face shield must be used when
protection from a chemical splash is needed.
Face shields afford protection to the face and neck. Face shields must be worn if
there is an explosion or implosion (pressure or vacuum) hazard and when
transferring cryogenic liquids.
Special eye protection is available for protection against laser, ultraviolet (UV),
welding and brazing, or intense light sources.
Eye protection must be made available to employees and visitors, at no cost to
them, when the potential for eye injury exists.
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(If you have any questions regarding the selection of appropriate eye and/or face
protection, call SHO).
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USE OF RESPIRATORS
Respirators are designed to protect only against specific types of substances and
in certain concentration ranges, depending on the type of equipment used.
Respirator selection must be based on the hazard and the protection factor
required.
Types of respiratory protective equipment include:
(a)
(b)
(c)
You should familiarize yourself with the limitations of each type of respiratory
protective equipment used and the signals for respirator failure (odor
breakthrough, filter clogging, etc.).
Respirators are not to be used except in conjunction with a written
respiratory protection program. Contact OHS for a copy of the colleges
written program. If your work requires the use of a respirator, you must receive
special training from qualified personnel.
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Exposures to strong acids and acid gases, organic solvents and strong
oxidizing agents, carcinogens, and mutagens require the use of protective
equipment that prevents skin contamination. In these situations, impervious
protective equipment must be used. Examples include:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Rubberized suits
(d)
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Table 1
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART
Natural
NBR
Neoprene PVC
Rubber Nitrile
PVC/Nitrile
Acetic Acid
Acetone
Ammonium Hydroxide
Animal Fate
Alcohols (Most
Common)
Butyl Acetate
Battery Acid
Bleach Solutions
Chromic Acid
Citric Acid
Creosote
Dimethylformamide
Glycols
Gasoline
Hydrochloric Acid
(Conc.)
Hexane
Kerosene
Plasticizers
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Natural
NBR
Neoprene PVC
Rubber Nitrile
PVC/Nitrile
Mineral Spirits
Naphtha
Phenol/Carbolic Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Picric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Polyester Resin
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Sodium Hydroxide
Stoddard Solvent
THF (Tetrahydrofuran)
Toluene
Turpentine
Urea
Xylene
-Epoxy
-Solvent Based
-Water Based
-Oil Based
-Water Based
-Animal
-Cutting
-Fuel
-Hydraulic Petroleum
-Hydraulic Ester
-Mineral
Adhesives:
Herbicides and
Insecticides:
Oils:
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-Petroleum
-Silicone
Key : E - EXCELLENT
G - GOOD
F - FAIR
P - POOR (NOT RECOMMENDED)
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3. STORAGE GUIDELINES
Proper storage is needed to minimize the hazards associated with accidentally mixing
incompatible chemicals.
Do not sort and store chemicals alphabetically unless they have first been separated
into hazard classes. Additional guidelines on storing chemicals according to their
hazard classes are presented later in this section.
Observe the following general storage guidelines. (Note: Specific guidelines are
presented later in this section):
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Install Plexiglas lips or use equivalent means to prevent materials from falling off
storage shelves.
Avoid storing chemicals on countertops or in fume hoods except for those being
currently used.
Label all containers (squeeze bottles and Nalgene bottles) to which hazardous
materials are transferred with the identity of the substance and its hazards.
Be aware that squeeze bottles and Nalgene bottles have varying resistances to
different chemicals.
Evaluate/test stored chemicals that can form peroxides for crystal formation,
deterioration, and integrity. A label has been developed to document evaluation
and test results.
CODE NO.
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
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Acids
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
b)
Bases
Segregate bases from acids, metals, explosives, organic peroxides and
easily ignitable materials.
c)
d)
Oxidizers
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
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e)
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Cyanides
Segregate from acids and oxidizers.
f)
g)
Pyrophoric Substance
(i)
(ii)
h)
(Materials which will react with the air to ignite when exposed, e.g.,
white phosphorus.)
Store in a cool, dry place making provisions for an airtight seal.
i)
j)
Toxic Chemicals
Store according to the nature of the chemical, using appropriate security
where necessary.
3.2
3.3
3.4
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Acids,
Acids,
Acids, Alkalis Oxidizers Poisons, Poisons, Water
Organic
Inorganic Oxidizing Organic (Bases)
inorganic organic reactives solvents
Acids,
Inorganic
Acids,
Oxidizing
Acids,
Organic
Alkalis
(Bases)
Oxidizers
Poisons,
inorganic
Poisons,
organic
Water
reactives
Organic
solvents
Acetic Acid
Acetone
Acetylene
Alkali Metals
Ammonia, anhydrous
Ammonium Nitrate
Aniline
Arsenic materials
Azides
Acids
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Bromine
Same as chlorine
Calcium Oxide
Water
Carbon (activated) .
Carbon tetrachloride
Sodium
Chlorates
Chlorine
Chlorine Dioxide
Copper
Cumene Hydroperoxide
Cyanides
Acids
Flammable Liquids
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocyanic Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Hypochlorites
Iodine
Mercury
Nitrates
Sulfuric acid
Nitric Acid
(concentrated)
Nitrites
Acids
Nitroparaffins
Oxalic Acid
Silver, mercury
Oxygen
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Perchloric Acid
Peroxides, organic
Phosphorus (white)
Potassium
4.
Selenides
Reducing agents
Silver
Sodium
Sodium nitrite
Sodium Peroxide
Sulfides
Acids
Sulfuric Acid
Tellurides
Reducing agents
DISPOSAL GUIDELINES
4.1
(a)
"Halogenated Solvents"
Organic solvents with halogens (e.g. trichloromethane, trichloroethylene,
and dichloromethane) should be collected in this container and other liquid
organic compounds with halogens.
(b)
"Non-halogenated Solvents"
This stream is for organic solvents and other organic compounds without
halogens (e.g. acetone, hexane, and petroleum ethers).
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(c)
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"Inorganic Acids"
This container is for mineral acids. Organic acids should go to
"Spent Organic acid" container.
(d)
"Alkalies"
Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonia solution should go
to this container. Metal solutions can be also collected in this container.
(e)
"Lube Oils"
Pump oil, lubricating oil, liquid paraffins, mineral oil and etc. should go to
this container.
(f)
"Photographic Fixers"
This container is for fixing agents used in film and photo processing.
(g)
"Photographic Developers"
This container is for developing agents used in film and photo processing.
"Organic Acids"
Collect spent organic acids in this container. If the waste generation
rate is low (e.g. <4L/month), the organic acids can be disposed of in
containers for "spent non-halogenated solvents" or "spent
halogenated solvents", respectively, according to halogen content.
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QUESTIONS:
1. Give three guidelines in mind when handling chemicals
a __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
b __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
c __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
REFERENCE(S):
1.
2.
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