III B.tech II Sem 2012-2013 Hand Book

SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E. & Affiliated to J.N.T.K)

Vishnupur, BHIMAVARAM 534 202
An ISO 9001-2000 Certified Institution
Tel: 08816 250864, Fax : 08816 250099
E-mail : hodmechanical@svecw.edu.in
Website : www.svecw.edu.in
STUDENTS HAND BOOK

III B.Tech II Semester::201213
OUR MISSION
TO PLAY A KEY ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A
DISCIPLINED KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
Established by
SRI VISHNU EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY
153, Sita Nilayam, Dwarakapuri Colony, Punjagutta,
HYDERABAD 500 082. Ph. No. 23352916
COURSE STRUCTURE
______________________________________________________________________________
SUBJECT
T
P/D
C
______________________________________________________________________________
Metrology
4
0
4
Instrumentation & Control Systems
4
0
4
Design of Machine Members II
4
0
4
Robotics
4
0
4
Heat Transfer
4
0
4
Industrial Engg. & Management
4
0
4
Metrology & Instrumentation Lab
0
3
2
Heat Transfer Lab
0
3
2
IPR & Patent - II
2
0
0
______________________________________________________________________________
Total
26
6
28
______________________________________________________________________________
S.NO
.
1
2
3
SUBJECT
Metrology
Instrumentation &
Control Systems
Design of Machine
Members II
NAME OF THE STAFF

MEMBER
DESIGNATION
DEPT.
Mr. N.Sunil
Asst.Prof
ME
Mr. K. Ashok Kumar
Asst.Prof
ME
Dr. P. Srinivasa Raju
Professor
ME
Robotics
Mr. V. Sai Surendra
Asst.Prof
ME
Heat Transfer
Mr. V. Lakshmi Narayana
Asst.Prof
ME
Mrs. J. Swarna Jyothi
Asst.Prof
MBA
Mr. N.Sunil
Asst.Prof
ME
6
7
Industrial Engg. &

Management
Metrology &
Instrumentation Lab
Heat Transfer Lab
Asst.Prof
ME
IPR & Patent - II
Asst.Prof
ME
METROLOGY
UNIT I
SYSTEMS OF LIMITS AND FITS: Introduction, normal size, tolerance limits,
deviations, allowance, fits and their types unilateral and bilateral tolerance system,
hole and shaft basis systems interchangeability and selective assembly. Indian
standard Institution system British standard system, International Standard system,
application of limits and tolerances for correct functioning.
UNIT II
LINEAR MEASUREMENT : Length standard, line and end standard, slip gauges
calibration of the slip gauges, Dial indicator, micrometers.
MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES AND TAPERS : Different methods Bevel protractor
angle slip gauges-clinometer-angle dekkor-spirit levels sine bar Sine table, rollers
and spheres used to determine the tapers.
LIMIT GAUGES : Taylors principle Design of go and No go gauges, plug ring, snap,
gap, taper, profile and position gauges.
UNIT III
OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS : Tool makers microscope and its uses
collimators, optical projector optical flats and their uses.
INTERFEROMETER: Interference of light, Michalesons interferometer, NPL flatness
interferometer and NPL gauge interferometer
FLAT SURFACE MEASUREMENT : Measurement of flat surfaces instruments used
straight edges surface plates optical flat and auto collimator.
UNIT IV
SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT : Differences between surface roughness
and surface waviness-Numerical assessment of surface finish CLA,R, R.M.S Values
Rz values, Rz value, Methods of measurement of surface finish-profilograph. Talysurf,
ISI symbols for indication of surface finish.
UNIT-V
MEASUREMENT THROUGH COMPARATORS : Comparators Mechanical, Electrical
and Electronic Comparators, pneumatic comparators and their uses in mass
production
UNIT -VI
GEAR MEASUREMENT: Nomenclature of gear tooth ,tooth thickness measurement
with Gear tooth vernier and flange micrometer, pitch measurement, total composite
error and tooth to tooth composite errors, rolling gear tester, involute profile checking.
UNIT- VII
SCREW THREAD MEASUREMENT : Element of measurement errors in screw

threads concept of virtual effective diameter, measurement of effective diameter, angle
of thread and thread pitch, profile thread gauges.
UNIT VIII
MACHINE TOOL ALIGNMENT TESTS : Machine Tool Alignment test on lathe, milling,
drilling machines.
SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN :: BHIMAVARAM

LESSON PLAN
COURSE: III Year B. Tech
BRANCH: Mechanical Engineering
CLASS: III/II Sem.
YEAR: 2012-13
SUBJECT: METROLOGY
PREREQUISITES :
Familiarity with concepts of manufacturing processes and industrial
engineering.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
Objective of the course is to provide students with detailed understanding of
metrology, by introducing fundamental concept and industrial applications.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
A student who has met the objective of the course will be able to:
Acquiring the knowledge of metrology and its practical applications.
Analyzing the modern competitive industrial environment.
Design requirements to the science of precision measurements.
PLAN:
S.NO
NO. OF
HOURS
REFERENCE
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
(BOOK WITH
PAGE NO.S)
UNIT I
1
2
Introduction
Systems of limits and fits:

Introduction, normal size,
tolerance limits
T1-1,T2-1
T1-228, T2-261
REMARKS
deviations, allowance, fits and

their types
unilateral and bilateral tolerance
system
T1-232, T2-277
hole and shaft basis systems
T1-242, T2-300
Interchangeability and selective

assembly.
British
standard
system,
International Standard system,
application
of
limits
and
tolerances for correct functioning.
T1-247
T1-238, T2-298
T1-249, T2-294
UNIT II
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
LINEAR MEASUREMENT:
Length standard, line and end
standard
slip gauges calibration of the
slip gauges
Dial indicator, micrometers.
MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES
AND TAPERS: Different methods
Bevel protractor, angle slip
gauges
clinometer-angle dekkor
spirit levels, Sine bar
T1-52, T2-87
T1-87, T2-185
T1-104,78, T2156
T1-144, T2-517
T1-146, T2-517
T1-156, 160, T2530
T1-148, T2-527
Sine table, rollers and spheres

used to determine the tapers.
LIMIT GAUGES : Taylors
principle Design of go and No
go gauges,
plug ,ring, snap, gap,
T1-149,150
T1-252,
17
18
19
Taper, profile and position

gauges.
20
21
UNIT III
OPTICAL MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS: Tool makers
microscope and its uses
collimators, optical projector
22
optical flats and their uses.
T1-261, T2-315
T1-252, T2-320
T2 T2-1-788
T2-399
T2-443
INTERFEROMETER:
T1-348,354, T2425
23
24
Interference of light, Michalesons

interferometer.
NPL flatness interferometer
25
NPL gauge interferometer
T1-353, T2-427
T2-421
T1-351, T2-443
26
27
FLAT SURFACE
MEASUREMENT: Measurement
of flat surfaces instruments
used
straight edges surface plates
28
Optical flat and auto collimator.
T1-353, T2-427
T2-120
UNIT IV
29
30
31
32
33
SURFACE ROUGHNESS
MEASUREMENT : Differences
between surface roughness and
surface waviness
Numerical assessment of surface
finish
CLA,RT, R.M.S, Rz, R10 Values
Methods of measurement
surface finish-profilograph.
Talysurf, ISI symbols for
indication of surface finish.
T1-175, T2-460
T1-180
T1-182, T2-652
of T1-190
T1-192, T2-650
UNIT V
34
35
36
Comparators Mechanical,
Optical
Electrical and Electronic
Comparators
Pneumatic comparators and their
uses.
T1-117, T2-363
T1-128, T2-374
T1-131, T2-421
UNIT VI
37
38
39
GEAR MEASUREMENT:
Nomenclature of gear tooth ,
Tooth thickness measurement
with Gear tooth vernier and
flange micrometer.
Pitch measurement.
T1-287, T2-739
T1-296, T2-741
T1-298, T2-699
40
41
total composite error and tooth to

tooth composite errors
rolling gear tester, involute profile
checking
T1-298
T1-299, T2-751
UNIT VII
SCREW THREAD
MEASUREMENT: Element of
measurement
Errors in screw threads
T1-203, T2-713
T1-217, T2-686
42
43
44
45
concept of virtual effective

diameter and measurement of
effective diameter
Measurement of angle of thread
46
Measurement of thread pitch
T1-220
47
Profile thread gauges.
T1-221
48
49
UNIT VIII
MACHINE TOOL ALIGNMENT
TESTS:
Alignment tests on lathe
50
Alignment tests on milling
T1-330, T2-771
51
Alignment tests on drilling

machine
T1-336, T2-777
T1-205, T2-684
T1-218
T1-325, T2-730
T1-327, T2-766
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Engineering Metrology / Mahajan/ Dhanpat rai and co Publishers.
2. Engineering Metrology / R.K. Jain / Khanna Publishers.
3. Engineering Metrology / Connie Dotson / cengage learning.
REFERENCES :
1. Engineering Metrology by I C Gupta/ Dhanpat rai and co Publishers.
2. Precision engineering in manufacturing by R.L.Murthy/ New age Publishers.
METROLOGY
Assignment-I
1. a) Define the term Metrology as applied to Engineering Industry. State its

significance. b) Draw the conventional diagram of limits and fits and explain the
terms: (i) Basic size (ii) Upper deviation (iii) Lower deviation (iv) Fundamental deviation
(v) Zero line.
2. a) Define fits. Describe the various types of fits in brief.
b) Explain clearly what is meant by Selective assembly and Interchangeable assembly,
with Suitable examples.
3. a) Describe briefly the system of obtaining different types of fits, with suitable
examples. b) Explain briefly the difference between the interchangeable manufacturing
and selective assembly.
4. a) Define the term Metrology as applied to Engineering Industry. State its
significance. b) Differentiate between Hole basis system and Shaft basis system of fits,
with suitable examples.
5. (a) Explain the effect of engineering allowance on the different types of fit required
in Engineering manufacture. (b) Discuss the effect of temperature on the application of
limits and what pre- cautions required during measurements.
6. In metrology Indian system of limits use 25 fundamental deviations and 18 grades
of tolerances. Explain this statement in detail.
7. (a) Describe briefly material used and the manufacture of slip gauges?
(b) What is wringing? Explain the procedure for wringing of slip gauges?
8. With reference to the metrology, define and distinguish between the terms.
(a) Precision and Accuracy
(b) Repeatability and Reproducibility
(c) Nominal size and allowance
(d) Tolerance limits and Control limit
METROLOGY
Assignment-II
1. a) What are Snap gauges? Sketch and explain the use of limit gauges in mass
production. b) Describe with neat sketches : (i) Inside Micrometer and (ii)Telescopic
gauge.
2. a) State and explain the Taylors Principle of Gauge Design. b) Explain the use of
sine bar for measuring taper angle. What are the limitations of the sine bar.
3. a) Differentiate between Work shop Gauges and Inspection Gauges . b) Describe
with neat sketches the differential screw micrometer and Depth micrometer.
4. a) Describe the method checking the angle of a taper plug gauge using rollers,
micrometer and slip gauges. b) What are snap gauges? sketch and describe an
adjustable snap gauge.
5. (a) To what accuracy the angles can be generated with angle blocks? Why there is a
limitation on this accuracy. (b) Show the arrangement of angle gauges with neat
sketches to measure i. 110 - 20 ii. 240 iii. 280 - 52 iv. 54.260 with
minimum
number of gauges from a set of [10, 30 , 90 , 270 , 410] [1, 3, 9, 27,] and [3, 6, 18,
38]
6. Explain the Taylors principle of limit gauging, with reference to gauging of rectangular holes. Discuss the effect of violating the Taylors principle?
7. Explain the method of checking the angle of a taper plug gauge using rollers,
micrometers and slip gauges. Draw neat sketch of the setup.
8. Explain, how do you determine
(a) The angle of a taper plug gauge
(b) The small end diameter using sine bar slip gauges as roller .
METROLOGY
Assignment-III
1. a) Sketch and describe the principle of operation a Tool Makers Microscope.
b) What is an optical flat? Explain how interference fringes are formed when optical
flat is placed on a surface to be tested.
2. a) What is an auto collimator? Sketch and describe.
b) What are interferometers? Explain working of any one Interferometer.
3. a) By using optical flat and monochromatic light explain the procedure to determine
(i) whether the given surface is flat or curved. (ii) Whether the curved surface is convex
or concave.
b) What are interferometers? What are their advantages and disadvantages?
4. a) What is an Optical Flat? What are their types? State the limitations of optical
flats. b) Explain working of any one Interferometer.
5. (a) What are the advantages of light standards of wave length? How it became
possible?
(b) Discuss the advantage of using laser beam in interferometry?
6. What are interferometers? Name the various types of interferometers? Explain any
one method in detail?
7. Describe how liquid surface interferometer be used to measure flatness of a surface

plate.
METROLOGY
Assignment-IV
1. a) Different applications demand different surface texture. Justify the statement.
b) Describe the principle and operation of Taylor Hobson Talysurf surface roughness
instrument.
2. a) State reasons for controlling the surface finish. b) Describe the working of a
Profilograph with neat sketch.
b) Describe with a neat sketch construction and working of an instrument used for
measurement of surface roughness.
4. a) Define the following in connection with surface texture assessment .
(i) Roughness
(ii) Waviness
(iii) Lay
(iv) Sampling length.
c) In the measurement of surface roughness, heights of 20 successive peaks and
valleys were measured from a datum as follows: 35, 25, 40, 22, 35,18, 42, 25, 35,18,
42, 22, 32, 21, 37, 18, 35, 20 microns. If the measurement s were obtained over
length of 20 mm, determine the C.L.A and R.M.S values of the surface.
5. Name the various numerical methods of assessment of surface finish? Explain them
in detail? with an example.
6. How the Tomlinson surface recorder and Talysurf machine work? What are their
relative merits?
7. (a) Describe the classification of surface roughness parameters involved in
evaluation of surface finish?
(b) What are the factors affecting surface roughness? What is the necessity for
controlling the surface texture?
METROLOGY
Assignment-V
1. Describe in brief the construction and working of a mechanical comparator with
neat sketch.
2. What is a Comparator? State the various uses of comparators.
3. a) Staten the principle of operation of Mechanical and Optical comparators .
b) State the principle of operation of Electrical and Optical comparators.
METROLOGY
Assignment-VI
1. a) Name the important elements of thread which are required to be measured in
order to determine the accuracy of screw threads. b) Describe the following methods of
measuring effective diameter of the screw threads: (i) thread micrometer (ii) one wire
method.
2. a) Name the various types of pitch errors found in screw threads. Describe their
effects on the effective diameter. b) Explain the two wire and three wire method of
measuring effective diameter of screw thread.
3. a) Name the important elements of screw threads and describe briefly the errors in
these elements effect the working of the threaded elements. b) Name and describe the
following methods of measuring the major diameter of external threads: (i) using
ordinary micrometer (ii) Using bench micrometer.
6. With the help of sketch describe the working of thread micrometer to measure the
effective diameter. Give its merits and demerits over the wire methods
7. Describe the methods to check the thread angle and flank angles of a screw thread?
METROLOGY
Assignment-VII
1. Explain with neat sketches the three wire method of measuring effective diameter
of a screw thread. How does it differ from two wire method?
2. (a) Elucidate measurement method of thread angle by two ball method.
(b) How do you check the pitch or pitch errors of a screw thread using a pitch
measuring machine?
3. (a) Distinguish between left hand thread and right hand thread. Sketch these
threads. Give few applications of each type. (b) What are the different elements of a
screw thread? What are the instruments used for the measurement of the above
elements.
METROLOGY
Assignment-VIII
1. (a) Name the different alignment tests to be performed on a drilling machine and
explain any two of them in detail.
(b) Describe with neat sketch the various alignment tests conducted on Lathe
2. a) Name the various instruments required for performing alignment tests on

machine tools. b) Describe the following tests on shaper:
(i) Trueness and parallelism of vertical ways (ii) Straightness and flatness of the table
3. a) What is meant by alignment tests on machine tools?
Distinguish between geometrical and practical tests on machine tools.
b) Name and justify the alignment tests to be performed on a shaper.
4. Explain with neat sketch the method of checking the following in the acceptability
test of drilling machine.
(a) If the spindle is running true
(b) If the table and pillar are mutually perpendicular
(c) If the spindle perpendicular to the table.
5. (a) What is meant by an alignment test on machine tools and why they are
necessary?
(b) Distinguish between Alignment tests and Performance tests of a machine tool.
6. Specify with the diagrams how the following tests would be carried out on a center
lathe:
(a) The straightness of the bed, horizontally and vertically.
(b) The center axis parallel to the bed. State also the permissible degree of accuracy in
each case.
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
UNIT I
Definition Basic principles of measurement Measurement systems, generalized
configuration and functional descriptions of measuring instruments examples.
Dynamic
performance characteristics sources of error, Classification and
elimination of error.
UNIT II
Measurement of Displacement: Theory and construction of various transducers to
measure displacement Piezoelectric, Inductive, capacitance, resistance, ionization
and Photo electric transducers, Calibration procedures.
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE: Classification Ranges Various Principles of
measurement Expansion, Electrical Resistance Thermistor Thermocouple
Pyrometers Temperature Indicators..
UNIT III
MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE: Units classification different principles used.
Manometers, Piston, Bourdon pressure gauges, Bellows Diaphragm gauges. Low
pressure measurement Thermal conductivity gauges ionization pressure gauges,
Mcleod pressure gauge.
UNIT IV
MEASUREMENT OF LEVEL: Direct method Indirect methods capacitative,
ultrasonic, magnetic, cryogenic fuel level indicators Bubbler level indicators.
FLOW MEASUREMENT: Rotameter, magnetic, Ultrasonic, Turbine flow meter, Hot
wire anemometer, Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA).
UNIT V Tachometers Electrical tachometers Stroboscope, Noncontact type of
tachometer
Measurement of Acceleration and Vibration: Different simple instruments
Principles of Seismic instruments Vibrometer and accelerometer using this principle.
UNIT VI
STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENT : Various types of stress and strain measurements

electrical strain gauge gauge factor method of usage of resistance strain gauge for
bending compressive and tensile strains usage for measuring torque, Strain gauge
Rosettes.
UNIT VII
MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY: Moisture content of gases, sling psychrometer,
Absorption psychrometer, Dew point meter.
MEASUREMENT OF FORCE, TORQUE AND POWER- Elastic force meters, load cells,
Torsion meters, Dynamometers.
UNIT VIII
ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS: Introduction, Importance Classification
Open and closed systems ServomechanismsExamples with block diagrams
Temperature, speed & position control systems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Measurement Systems: Applications & design by D.S Kumar.
2. Mechanical Measurements / BeckWith, Marangoni, Linehard, PHI / PE
REFERENCES:
1. Measurement systems: Application and design, Doeblin Earnest. O. Adaptation by
Manik and Dhanesh/ TMH
2. Instrumentation and Control systems/ S.Bhaskar/ Anuradha Agencies.
3. Experimental Methods for Engineers / Holman.
SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN:: BHIMAVARAM
LESSON PLAN
COURSE: IV Year B. Tech
CLASS: IV/I Sem.
YEAR: 2012-13
FACULTY NAME: K.Ashok Kumar
DESIGNATION : Asst. Prof.
SUBJECT: INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS
PREREQUISITES:
Familiarity with basics fundamentals of properties of system such as pressure,
humidity, force, torque, discharge, displacement and temperature etc.
COURSE OBJECTIVE:
The overall objective of the course is to teach the basic principles of measurement
of different properties of system with the help of different instruments which are
associated with precision and accuracy. Specific objectives include
To acquaint students with the basic principles
measurement systems
of measurement
and
To analyze the performance of an instrument with the help of performance

characteristics
To find out and eliminate the error in an instrument by finding the sources of
error
Usage of different instruments for the purpose of measuring and calibrating
them.
To be specific in selecting a particular instrument for the purpose of
measurement with the help of instrument properties and performance
characteristics and advantages, disadvantages associated with that instrument.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, students should
Understand the basic principles of measurement and measurement systems,
generalized
configurations and functional descriptions of measuring
instruments
Be able to evaluate the performance of an instrument with the help of
performance characteristics
Analyze different types of errors and elimination of errors
Understand various transducers to measure displacement
Be able to understand working of different types of temperature measuring
instruments
Understand the direct and indirect methods of measuring the level
Have knowledge on flow measurement with the help of different instruments.
Be thorough with the measurement of speed with the help of different
tachometers and stroboscopes
Understand the measurement of acceleration and vibration with the help of
seismic instruments, vibrometers and accelerometers
Analyze various stress strain measuring devices
Be able to measure humidity, force torque and power with the help of different
instruments
Analyze open and closed system servo mechanisms, simplify block diagrams
and have knowledge on elements of control systems.
PLAN:
S.NO
NO. OF
HOURS
REFERENCE
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
(BOOK WITH
PAGE NO.S)
REMARKS
UNIT I
1
Introduction to ICS, Syllabus

discussion and planning
Basic definitions, Basic
principles of measurement,
Measurement systems,
Generalized measurement
system
Bourdon tube pressure
gauge, Classification of
instruments, Calibration
Static performance
characteristics
Dynamic performance
characteristics
Sources of error,
Classification and
elimination of error
T3- 1 to 4,R41,R7-1 to 7
T3-5,6,7 R76,191
T3-10 t0 14,R451, R7-28
T3-14 to 17,R454 R7-127
T3-18 to 20,R436 R7-70
UNIT II
MEASUREMENT OF DISPLACEMENT
Definition of transducer and
classification of transducers
Variable resistance
transducer, Potentiometric
transducer, Variable
inductance transducer
Variable self inductance
transducer, Variable mutual
inductance transducer, LVDT
T3-25,R7- 194
10
Capacitive transducers
T3-34 to 40,R7265
11
Piezoelectric transducer
T3-41 R7-277
12
Photoelectric transducer
T3-44 R7-293
T3-27, 28
T3-30, 31,32 R7253
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE
13
14
15
Classification, Liquid in glass

thermometer, Bi-metallic
thermometer
Pressure filled thermometers,
RTD, Thermistor
Thermocouples, Thermopiles,
Pyrometers
T3-50, 51,54,R4454
T3-56, 58,61,R4455
T3-62, 66,
67,R7-241
UNIT III (MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE)

16
17
18
19
20
21
Units classification
different principles used,
Simple Manometers
Differential manometers,
Dead weight pressure gauge
Bourdan tube pressure
gauge, Diaphragm pressure
gauge, Bellows pressure
gauge
Low pressure measurement,
McLeod Pressure gauge
Thermal conductivity gauges
ionization pressure gauges
T3-91 to 96,R543
T3-96 to 99,R7544
T3-100, 101,
102,R7-558
T3-106,R7-581
T3-108 to
110,R7-587
Problems on manometers
T3-113
UNIT IV
MEASUREMENT OF LEVEL
22
Classification, Direct
methods
23
Indirect methods
T3-117 to 119
T3-120
FLOW MEASUREMENT
24
Types of flow measuring

devices, Rate meters
25
Rate meters Contd.
26
27
28
Rotameter, magnetic flow

meter
Ultrasonic, Turbine flow
meter
Hot wire anemometer, Laser
Doppler Anemometer (LDA)
T3-127, 128 R7712

T3-128 R7-713
T3-134, 139 R7734
T3-141 R7753,748
T3-147 R7-742
UNIT V
MEASUREMENT OF SPEED
29
Classification , Mechanical
Tachometers
T3-77
30
Electrical tachometers
T3-80
31
Stroboscope, Noncontact type

of tachometer
T3-84
MEASUREMENT OF ACCELERATION AND VIBRATION
32
33
34
35
Motion measuring
instruments, Vibrometers
and Accelerometers
Principles of Seismic
instruments
Strain gauge accelerometer,
Variable resistance vibration
sensor,
Piezoelectric accelerometer,
LVDT accelerometer
T3-159, R7-696
T3-162, R7- 698
T3-168, R7-704
T3-169, R7704,702
UNIT VI (STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENTS)

Various types of stress and
strain measurements
electrical strain gauge, gauge
factor
T3-177
36
37
38
Strain gauge circuits
T3-190 R7-625
39
Strain gauge Rosettes
T3-197 R7-622
T3-181
UNIT VII
MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY
40
41
42
Introduction, Definitions,
Classification
sling psychrometer,
Absorption
psychrometer
Dew point meter
T3-209,R4-674
T3-211, 212 R7871
T3-215
MEASUREMENT OF FORCE,TORQUE AND POWER

43
Elastic force meters, load

cells
R4-266
44
Torsion meters
R7-653
45
Dynamometers
R7-668
UNIT VIII (ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS)

46
Introduction, Importance
Classification
47
Open and closed systems
48
Examples of control systems

with block diagrams
T3-219,
T3-223 to 225
T3-227
49
Servomechanism
T3-229
50
Temperature, speed &

position control systems.
T3-228
TEXT BOOK:
T1. Measurement Systems: Applications & design by D.S Kumar.
T2. Mechanical Measurements / BeckWith, Marangoni, Linehard, PHI / PE
T3. Instrumentation and Control systems/ S.Sudhakar Reddy/ P.Divakara Rao/Sure
Publications
REFERENCES:
R1.Measurement systems: Application and design, Doeblin Earnest. O. Adaptation by
Manik and Dhanesh/ TMH
R2. Instrumentation and Control systems/ S.Bhaskar/ Anuradha Agencies.
R3. Experimental Methods for Engineers / Holman.
R4. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements / R.K. Jain/ Khanna Publishers.
R5. Instrumentation & mech. Measurements by A.K. Tayal ,Galgotia Publications.
R6. Instrumentation, measurement & analysis by B.C.Nakra & K.K.Choudhary, TMH.
R7. Mechanical Measurements /sahani.
QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
1. (a) Explain the terms with respect to measurement systems:
i. Static sensitivity ii. Linearity iii. Hysteresis
(b) Discuss the response to first order instruments to sinusoidal input.
2. (a) Differentiate among Desired, Modifying and Interfering inputs.
(b) How do you eliminate the effects of interfering and modifying inputs? Explain
3. (a) What do you mean by static calibration? Differentiate between Threshold and
Resolution".
(b) Draw the generalized Input- Output configuration of an Instrumentation system
and Explain.
4. (a) How do you classify the Measurement Systems?
(b) What do you mean by functional elements? Explain one such scheme of dividing
an instrument into
Functional elements with example
5. (a) What is a Transducer? Explain why the output of a transducer should be in

electrical form?
(b) Explain briefly:
i) Static Sensitivity, ii) Threshold and Resolution.
6. Explain the dynamic response characteristics of first order instruments to step,
ramp and sinusoidal Inputs.
7. Explain the static calibration procedure for measurement systems over their
working range. What isThe necessity for static calibration? How is the calibration
curve useful? How are bias and impression eliminated?
UNIT 2
1. (a) Define the term Transducer and explain why the output of a transducer should
be in electricalForm.(b) Explain the Thermo Couple laws and also their practical
significance
2. (a) What do you mean by Piezo electric effect? What are the applications of
piezoelectric effect? (b) Explain the principle of operation of the following devices for
displacement measurement with neat Sketches: (i)LVDT and (ii) capacitive type
3. (a) What are the various ways in which variation in Capacitance principle can be
used to construct Displacement transducers? Explain with neat sketches. (b) With
the help of a neat sketch explain the working of an optical Pyrometer
4. (a) Explain the principle of operation of the following displacement measuring
transducers: i) Light Dependent Transducer (LDR) and ii) Photo Electric type.
(b) Explain the Thermo Couple laws and also their practical significance
5. (a) List electrical transducers for measurement of linear and angular displacement.
(b) Explain by means of neat sketches how wire wound and carbon film
potentiometers can be used for Measurement if linear and angular displacement.
6. (a) What are pyrometers? Indicate their working principles.
(b) By means of neat sketches, explain the working of linear variable differential
transformer (LVDT).
7. (a) Differentiate between rare metal thermocouples and base metal thermocouples.
(b) Design a measurement system for displacement measurement using LDR (Light
dependent resistor As sensor.
8. (a) Classify inductive transducers.
(b) Explain the working of LVDT by means of neat sketches
UNIT 3
1.Explain, with neat sketches the construction and working principle of Mc Leod and
Ionization gauges
2. (a) Describe the measurement of absolute and differential pressure using bellows
gauges.
(b) Explain the principle of working of Pirani gauge for low pressure measurement
3. (a) Explain the working of a very high pressure measuring device (Bridgeman
gauge).
(b) Enumerate the various manometers that exist and explain the working of any
one manometer with Neat sketch.
4. (a) Explain the terms
i. Absolute pressure ii. Gauge pressure iii. Differential pressure
(b) Describe the construction, working and theory of a McLeod gauge for
measurement of vacuum. List Their advantages and disadvantages
5. (a) Describe the construction, working and theory of a Bridgman gauge for
measurement of high Pressures.
(b) Briefly explain the principle employed in manometers used for the measurement
of pressure.
6. (a) Explain the measurement of pressure using U-tube manometer.
(b) Discuss the constructional features of Bourdon-tube pressure guage.
7. (a) Name a few applications of pressure measurement.
(b) What is the difference between atmospheric pressure and absolute pressure?
(c) Illustrate, pressure classification with suitable examples.
UNIT 4
1. Describe the Principle of operation construction details, advantages disadvantages
and limitations of An Electromagnetic flow meter.
2. (A) Explain the working of Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA).
(b) Describe the working of Pneumatic and Capacitor type level indicators
3. Briefly explain the Buoyancy force type and Bubbler purge type level indicators.
4. (a) What is hot wire Anemometer? Explain its working with neat sketch.
(b) Describe the working of electrical resistance and bubbler purge type level
indicators
5. (a) Describe the principle of operation of Ultrasonic and electrical resistance type
level indicators.
(b) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle of operation of Turbine flow
meter.
6. Explain the construction, working and applications of the following types of flow
Meters a) Magnetic flow meter (b) Turbine flow meter.
7. With neat sketch describe the principle of operation, construction, advantages and
limitations of Rotameter.
8. (a) Explain the working principle of Capacitance liquid level sensor.
(b) Describe the working of a cryogenic fuel level indicator. What are its advantages
and limitations?
9. (a) Explain how Doppler effect is used for measurement of flow velocities in
ultrasonic flow meters.
(b) Explain the working principle of Bubbler gauge.
UNIT 5
1. (a) Explain the principle of operation of AC Tachometer generator with a neat
sketch.
(b) Describe the basic concept of Seismic instrument and explain how it can be used
for Acceleration Measurement
2. (a) Derive an expression for the output of a seismic instrument. Indicate when the
output measures the
(i) Acceleration and (ii) amplitude of the input quantity.
(b) Compare AC and DC Tachometers with neat sketches.
3. (a) With the help of neat sketches explain the working of any Two non contact type
Tachometers.
(b) What is the basic difference in design and application between Vibrometer and
Accelerometer.
4. (a) Describe the working of Dc tachometer generators and Stroboscopes.
(b) Why and how vibrations are measured?
5. (a) Explain the principle of seismic instrument. Derive an expression to measure

velocity and
acceleration using this instrument.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal speed tachometer?
6. Explain with neat sketches the working of Mechanical Tachometers.
7. Describe the following:
(a) Working principle of Centrifugal speed tachometer
(b) Working principle of Vibration reed tachometer
(c) Revolution counters.
8. What is a seismic type velocity transducer? Explain its construction with the help of
a neat diagram.How can it be used for measurement of acceleration in vibration
measurements? Explain.
UNIT 6
1. (a) Differentiate between Strain Gauge and Strain gauge rosette.
(b) Derive an Equation for un- balanced voltage of Wheatstone bridge and explain
how the sensitivity Varies with number of arms made active.
2. (a) How do you classify Strain gauges? What do you mean by Gauge Factor?
(b) Explain the method of measuring force using Strain gauges.
3. (a) Briefly explain different methods employed to measure torque.
(b) Explain the working of transmission type dynamometer
4. (a) What do you mean by bonded and unbounded Strain gauges? Explain.
(b) Explain how bending compressive and tensile strains can be measured by strain
gauges.
5. (a) List a few bonding adhesives used for bonding strain gauges to the test surface.
(b) Name the various types of strain gauges for different applications.
(c) An electric resistance strain gauge of 100 resistance and gauge factor 2 is
bonded to a specimen of Steel. Calculate the change in resistance of the gauge when a
tensile stress of 60MN/m 2 is applied on the specimen.
6. (a) What is a bonded strain gauge?
(b) List the main advantages and limitations of semiconductor strain gauges.
(c) Explain one method of temperature compensation using an adjacent arm

compensating gauge.
7. (a) Briefly discuss on the surface preparation and bonding techniques for mounting
bonded strain Gauges.
(b) Differentiate the n-type and p-type sensing elements of a semiconductor strain
gauge.
(c) List the advantages and limitations of unbonded strain gauges.
8. (a) Compare the bonded and un bonded strain gauges.
(b) List the procedure to mount a strain gauge with paper backing on the surface
under study.
(c) A 150 strain gauge is bonded to a steel bar which is subjected to a tensile load.
Cross sectional area of the bar is 0.510 4 m2 and E= 200GN/m2.If load of 60kN
produces a change of 1.5 in the gauge resistance. Determine the gauge factor of the
gauge.
UNIT 7
1. (a) How do you measure the moisture content of gases? Explain with a neat sketch.
(b) How do you classify dynamometers? Explain any one type of dynamometers
2. (a) Define the various terms related to humidity and explain the working of any one
absorption
Hygrometer.
(b) Explain the principle of working of Load Cells using Strain gauges.
3. (a) What is gauge factor of Strain gauges? Write brief note on fixing a stain gauge.
(b) Derive an expression for the change in the output of a Wheatstone bridge
circuit. How do you account for temperature compensation?
4. (a) Explain the working of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Load Cells.
(b) Explain one method of measurement of moisture content of gases.
5. Explain the constructional and working of the following:
(a) Rope brake (b) Prony brake (c) Fluid Brake
6. (a) Explain how Spring balances can be used for measurement of force. Describe
their working advantages
and limitations.
(b) Define the Psychometric terms:
i. Relative humidity ii. Dew point temperature iii. Wet bulb temperature.
7. (a) What are the various devices to measure force? Explain the constructional
details of multi lever Type.
(b) With neat sketch explain the working principle of Strain gauge load cell.
8. With neat sketch, explain the following working principles:
(a) Pneumatic Load cell
(b) Hydraulic load cell
(c) Pendulum scale.
UNIT 8
1. (a) Differentiate between Closed loop and Open loop Control systems with examples.
(b) What is a servomechanism? Explain
2. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Closed loop Control System.
(b) Transfer Function and
(c) Position control system
3. Write Short notes on:
(a) Speed control and
(b) Temperature control
4. (a) With suitable examples, bring out the advantages of closed loop systems over
open loop systems
(b) Explain why negative feedback is invariably preferred in closed loop systems?
5. (a) Briefly explain the different types of control systems.
(b) Describe the working of one automatic control system used in practice. Outline
functional elements of that system.
6. (a) Describe with neat sketch the open loop speed control system.
(b) Illustrate with example, explain Closed loop temperature control system
7. (a) Define the terms:
i. Block ii. Summing point iii. Branch Point
(b) Mention the application of automatic control devices in industries
(c) What are the limitations of open loop systems.
8. (a) Suggest a simple control system which automatically turns on a room lamp at
dusk and turn it off in Day light. Draw the schematics and block diagram of the
suggested control system.
(b) Distinguish between:
i. Position control ii. Acceleration control.
DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS II
UNIT I
BEARINGS : Types of Journal bearings Lubrication Bearing Modulus Full and
partial bearings Clearance ratio Heat dissipation of bearings, bearing materials
journal bearing design Ball and roller bearings Static loading of ball & roller
bearings, Bearing life.
UNIT II
ENGINE PARTS : Connecting Rod : Thrust in connecting rod stress due to whipping
action on connecting rod ends Cranks and Crank shafts, strength and proportions of
over hung and center cranks Crank pins, Crank shafts.
UNIT III
Pistons, Forces acting on piston Construction Design and proportions of piston.,
Cylinder, Cylinder liners,
UNIT IV
Design of curved beams: introduction, stresses in curved beams, Expression for radius
of neutral axis for rectangular, circular, trapezoidal and T-Section. Design of crane
hooks, C clamps.
UNIT V
POWER TRANSMISSIONS SYSTEMS, PULLEYS : Transmission of power by Belt and
Rope drives , Transmission efficiencies, Belts Flat and V types Ropes - pulleys for
belt and rope drives, Materials Chain drives
UNIT VI
SPUR & HELICAL GEAR DRIVES : Spur gears- Helical gears Load concentration
factor Dynamic load factor. Surface compressive strength Bending strength
Design analysis of spur gears Estimation of centre distance, module and face width,
check for plastic deformation. Check for dynamic and wear considerations.
UNIT VII
DESIGN OF POWER SCREWS : Design of screw, Square ACME , Buttress screws,
design of nut, compound screw, differential screw, ball screw- possible failures.
UNIT VIII
MACHINE TOOL ELEMENTS : Levers and brackets: design of levers hand levers, foot
levers, cranked lever, lever of a lever loaded safety valverocker arm straight, angular,
design of a crank pin, brackets, hangers, wall boxes.
TEXT BOOK :
1. Machine Design, V.Bandari Tmh Publishers
2. Machine Design, S MD Jalaludin, Anuradha Publishers
3. Machine Design, Kannaiah/ Scietech.
REFERENCES :
1. Design Data hand Book, S MD Jalaludin, Anuradha Publishers
2. Machine Design / R.N. Norton
3. Data Books : (I) P.S.G. College of Technology (ii) Mahadevan

4. Mech. Engg. Design / JE Shigley
5. Machine Design R.S. Khurmi & J.S.Gupta / S.Chand Pub.

LESSON PLAN
COURSE : B.Tech
CLASS : III Year II Semester
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2012-13
FACULTY NAME : Dr. P.Srinivasa Raju
DESIGNATION: Professor
SUBJECT: DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS-II

PREREQUISITES:
Basics Concepts of Engineering Sciences such as Physics, mathematics, Statics

and Dynamics, Mechanics of solids are essential.
COURSE OBJECTIVE:
The objective of the course is to synergize forces, moments, torques, and stress
and strength information to develop ability to analyze, design and/or select
machine elements - with attention to safety aspect only.This course is designed
with an objective to provide an overview of the concepts, procedures, analysis
techniques, and application techniques necessary to design machine elements
commonly found in mechanical devices and systems
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

Properly select materials for machine design components.
Student will be able to use the knowledge in Statics and Strength of
Materials for design of machine elements
Student will learn the concepts of failure theories and apply them in
machine design.
Apply appropriate stress analysis techniques in order to effectively and
safely design machine elements.
Effectively integrate machine components into an operational machine
system
S.NO
NO. OF
HOURS
REFERENCE
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
(BOOKS WITH
PAGE NO.S)
UNIT I BEARINGS
1
Types of Journal bearings ,

Lubrication
Bearing Modulus, Full and partial
bearings
Clearance ratio, Heat dissipation
of bearings
bearing materials , journal
bearing design
Ball and roller bearings, Static
loading of ball & roller bearings,
Bearing life
R5-962,T3-19.1
R5-974,R6-449
R5-977, T319.11,R6-452
R5-968,T3-19.5
R5-1004,T319.16 R6-489
UNIT II ENGINE PARTS

6
stress due to whipping action on

connecting rod ends, Cranks and
Crank shafts
strength and proportions of over

hung and center cranks
Crank pins, Crank shafts
R5-1161,T328.8,28.10 R6883,897
R5-1170,T328.12
R5-1161,T328.12
UNIT III
9
Pistons, Forces acting on piston
R5-1132,T3-
REMARKS
28.2 R6-862
10
Construction Design and

proportions of piston.,
R5-1133,T328.3 R6-866
11
Cylinder, Cylinder liners,
R5-1126
UNIT IV DESIGN OF CURVED BEAMS

12
13
14
introduction, stresses in curved

beams
Expression for radius of neutral
axis for rectangular, circular,
trapezoidal and T-Section
Design of crane hooks, C clamps
UNIT V POWER TRANSMISSIONS SYSTEMS, PULLEYS
15
16
17
Transmission of power by Belt and

Rope drives
Transmission efficiencies, Belts
Flat and V types Ropes
pulleys for belt and rope drives,

Materials, Chain drives
R5-677,T3-20.1,
R7-637
R5-727 T320.2,20.13 R6649,650, R7640,678
R5-679,T320.18 R6-661
UNIT VI SPUR & HELICAL GEAR DRIVES
18
Spur gears- Helical gears Load

concentration factor
19
Dynamic load factor. Surface

compressive strength Bending
strength
20
Design analysis of spur gears

Estimation of centre distance,
module and face width, check for

plastic deformation. Check for
dynamic and wear
considerations
21
R51021,1066,T322.2,22.17 R6770
R5-1040 T322.2,22.17 R6736
R5-1036,T322.2 R6-773
R5-1037
UNIT VII DESIGN OF POWER SCREWS
22
Design of screw, Square ACME ,

Buttress screws, design of nut
R5-624,T325.1,25.12 R6538,545, R7808
23
compound screw, differential

screw,
24
ball screw- possible failures.
R5-669,T325.13 R6-549,
R7-828
R6-551, R7-830
UNIT VIII MACHINE TOOL ELEMENTS
25
26
27
Levers and brackets: design of

levers hand levers, foot levers,
cranked lever,
lever for lever loaded safety valverocker arm straight, angular,
design of a crank pin, brackets,
hangers, wall boxes.
R5-559-570,T318.1,18.2 R6580,590, R7379

R5-572,T3-18.7
R6-594, R7-393
R5-1161,T328.12, R6625,627
TEXT BOOK :
T1. Machine Design, V.Bandari Tmh Publishers
T2. Machine Design, S MD Jalaludin, Anuradha Publishers
T3. Machine Design, Kannaiah/ Scietech.
REFERENCES :
R1. Design Data hand Book, S MD Jalaludin, Anuradha Publishers
R2. Machine Design / R.N. Norton
R3. Data Books : (I) P.S.G. College of Technology (ii) Mahadevan
R4. Mech. Engg. Design / JE Shigley
R5. Machine Design R.S. Khurmi & J.S.Gupta / S.Chand Pub.
R6. Machine Design Pandya & Shah
R7. Machine Design P.C.Sharma
QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
1. (a) Define the following terms:
i. Clearance ii. Minimum film thickness.
(b) A 75mm diameter machine shaft is to be supported at the ends. It operates
continuously for 8h/day, 300days/year for 10 years. The load and speed cycle for one
of the bearings is given below
2. A ball bearing having a dynamic capacity of 4500N, is successfully used in a

particular application. It is found that the bearing load is increased by 25% in the
modified model of the machine. If the usual life of the bearing is to be increased by
35%, determine the dynamic load capacity of the bearing in the new machine.
3.(a) What are the characteristics of a good bearing material?
(b) A ball bearing subjected to a radial load of 4000N is expected to have a satisfactory
life of 12000 hours at 720r.p.m with a reliability of 95%. Calculate the dynamic load
capacity of the bearing so that it can be selected from manufacturers catalogue based
on reliability of 95% in a system, what is the reliability of the complete system?
4.(a) Explain the principle of hydrodynamic lubrication.
(b) Select a single row deep groove ball bearing for a radial load of 4000N and an axial
load of 5000 N, operating at a speed of 1600r.p.m for an average life of 5 years at 10
hours per day. Assume uniform and steady load.
5. The load on a journal bearing is 150kN due to a turbine shaft of 250 mm diameter
running at 1800 rpm. Determine the following i) Length of bearing if the allowable
bearing pressure 1.6 MPa ii) Amount of heat to be removed by the lubricant per
minute if the bearing temperature is 600C and the viscosity of the oil at 600C is 20
centipoises and the bearing clearance is 0.25 mm.
6. A 310 deep groove ball bearing has a work cycle with 1000 r.p.m for one-third of the
time, 2000 r.p.m for the next one-third of the time, and 4000 r.p.m for the last onethird of the time the outer race of the bearing rotates. Assume light shock condition.
The radial load is 3.5 kN and axial load is 2 kN. Determine the expected average life in
hours, if the basic dynamic capacity of the bearing is 47 kN.
7. A full journal bearing of 50 mm diameter and 100 mm long has a bearing pressure
of 1.4N/mm2. The speed of the journal is 900 rpm and the ratio of journal diameter to
the diametral clearance is 1000. The bearing is lubricated with oil whose absolute
viscosity at the operating temperature of 750C may be taken as 0.011 kg/m-s. The
room temperature is 350C. Find the amount of artificial cooling required and the
mass of the lubricating oil required if the difference between the outlet and inlet
temperature of the oil is 100C. Take specific heat of the oil as 1850J/kg/0C.
8. The operating schedule of a ball bearing is as follows:
Radial load of 1650N at 2000rpm for 5% of life time, Radial load of 1140N at 3300rpm
for 15% of life time, Radial load of 560N at 1750rpm for 35% of life time, Radial load of
445N at 2200rpm for 45% of life time, The inner ring rotates and the loads are steady.
The life is to be 10 years at 2 hours per day operation. Select a suitable ball bearing.
UNIT I I
1. (a) Which type of cross section do you prefer for the main body of the connecting rod
and why?
(b) Design the I-section connecting rod for a single cylinder I.C. engine using the
following specifications. Diameter of the piston=100mm, Mass of the reciprocating
parts=2.25kg, Length of the connecting rod=300mm, Stroke length=125mm,
Speed=1500r.p.m, Maximum explosion pressure=3.5N/mm 2, Compression ratio=6,
Factor of safety=7, Density of the rod material=8000kg/m 3, Yield stress in
compression=330MPa, Permissible tensile stress=60Mpa.
2. Design a connecting rod for an I.C engine from the following data
Piston diameter = 125mm, Stroke=150mm, Length of connecting rod=300mm,
Maximum gas pressure
at 5% of stroke =5N/mm2, Speed of engine =1200rpm,
Mass of reciprocating parts =2kg, Factor of safety=5, Material steel =35 Ni Cr 60.
3. Design a mild steel connecting rod with an I section for a single cylinder spark
ignition engine from the following data :
Diameter of piston, D=0.104m Weight of reciprocating parts =18.2N Length of
connecting rod from centre to centre=0.314m Stroke length=0.14m Speed of the
engine=1500rev/min Maximum explosion pressure = 2.28MPa gauge Assume that the
maximum thrust takes place at T.D.C. during the explosion stroke.
4. The connecting rod of a petrol engine is to be designed for the following data.
Piston diameter =80mm. Stroke =120mm Weight of reciprocating parts = 15N Length
of the connecting rod = 240mm Speed (maximum) = 2800r.p.m. Explosion pressure
corresponding to 100 of crank angle is 3MPa. Factor of safety-6 If the connecting rod is
to be made of 40Cr1 steel, find the dimensions of the connecting rod.
5. Design the connection rod of I section for a single cylinder IC engine using the
following specifications: Diameter of the piston = 100 mm; Mass of the reciprocating
parts = 2.25 kg; Length of the connecting rod = 300 mm; Stroke length = 125 mm;
Speed = 1200 rpm; Maximum explosion pressure = 3.5 N/mm2; Compression ratio =
6; Factor of safety = 5; Density of the rod material = 8000 kg/m3; Yield stress in
compression = 330MPa.
6. Enumerate the design procedure for the connecting rod section considering it as a
simple compression or tension member subjected to fluctuating load.
7. A crankshaft of single throw centre crank type is to be designed for a diesel engine.
The crankshaft is carrying one flywheel at one end of each journal. The other
specifications are as follows: Diameter of piston 200 mm Stroke of piston 300 mm
Length of connecting rod 600 mm Weight of each flywheel 2 KN Distance between
flywheel and its nearest journal 150 mm Speed of the engine 1000 rpm Maximum
gas pressure 1 N/mm2 Maximum torque is experienced in the crankshaft when the
crank angle is 300 from inner dead centre position. Permissible stress for the
crankshaft material is: in bending 70 N/mm2; in shear 40 N/mm2; in bearing 8

N/mm2 Design the crankshaft.
8. Design the ISection Connection Rod for a single cylinder I.C engine using the
following specifications:
Diameter of the piston = 100 mm Mass of the reciprocating parts = 2.25 kg Length of
the connecting rod = 300 mm Stroke length = 125 mm Speed 1500 r.p.m Maximum
explosion pressure = 3.5 N/mm2 Compression ratio = 6 Factor of safety =4 Density of
the rod material = 8000 kg/m3 Yield stress in compression = 330MPa
UNIT III
1. Design a trunk type cast iron piston for an I.C. Engine from the following data:
Diameter of the Cylinder = 10cm Stroke = 15cm Maximum explosion pressure =
3.5MPa Maximum permissible tension for cast iron for the design of head thickness is
30MPa and the flexural stress for the pin may be taken from 90 to120Mpa. The
gudgeon pin should be hardened and ground and should turn in phosphor bronze
bushing. Bearing pressure should be limited to 20MPa. Sketch the piston inserting
important dimensions of the piston with piston pin, piston ring and scraper ring in
position. Check the design from heat transfer view point.
2. (a) What is the function of Skirt?
(b) What is the function of piston pin?
(c) Design an aluminum alloy piston for a single acting four stroke engine for the
following data Cylinder bore = 400mm Cylinder bore = 400mm Stroke = 375mm
Maximum gas pressure = 9 MPaBreak mean effective pressure = 2MPa
Fuel
consumption = 0.22kg/kW/hr Speed =50rev/min.
3. The following particulars relate to a slow speed oil engine working on 4-Stroke
cycle : Indicated power = 15kW RPM =300 Maximum explosion pressure = 2.1MN/m2
Mean effective Pressure = 0.56MN/m2 Design (a) The suitable trunk piston and
piston rings (b) The Piston and give a neat dimensioned sketch of the piston assembly,
incorporating all necessary details, clearly indicating the materials used for each part.
4. Design a cast-iron cylinder for an I.C engine whose bore diameter is 80 mm and the
maximum combustion pressure is 5.5 MPa. Assume any other suitable data.
5. What are the stresses to which the piston and cylinder subjected to? Briefly explain
the design procedure to design piston rod of an IC engine.
6. The over hung crank of an engine having a cylinder diameter of 250 mm and stroke
400 mm. The connecting rod is 5 times crank, the maximum explosion pressure in the
cylinder is 1.7 Mp and engine runs at 200 rpm. Assume suitable stress for the
material design the-over hung crank. Also calculate the maximum stress in the crank
arm whenthe crank is at 30o to the I.D.C position and the gas pressure is 0.8 Mpa.
Take modulus of section for rectangular section as 0.269bt2.
UNIT IV
1. A load P=15 kN is applied on a C-clamp as shown in the figure 4. Determine the
stresses at the points A and B.
2.Determine the maximum compressive and tensile stresses in the critical section of a
crane hook lifting a load of 5 kN. The dimensions of the hook are shown in the figure
4. The line of application of the load is at a distance of 80 mm from the inner fiber.
(Rounding off of the corners of the cross section are not to be taken into account)
3. The section of a crane hook is a circle of 60 mm diameter. The initial radius of

curvature of the hook is 80 mm. Locate the position of the neutral axis and the
maximum and minimum stresses in the hook.
4. Determine the maximum stress in the frame of the 100

kN punch press as shown in the figure
5. A crane hook carries a load of 5 kN, the line of load
being at a horizontal distance of 32 mm from the inside
edge of a horizontal section through the center of curvature; and the center of
curvature being 38 mm from the same edge. The horizontal section is a trapezium
whose parallel sides are 13 mm and 26 mm and height is 32 mm. Determine the
greatest tensile and compressive stresses in the hook.
6. A beam of circular section of diameter 20 mm has its center line to a radius of 50
mm. Find the intensity of maximum stresses in the beam, when subjected to a
moment of 5 Nm.
7. A close circular ring made up of 20 mm diameter steel bar is subjected to a pull of
10 kN, whose line of action passes through the center of the ring. Find the maximum
value of tensile and compressive stresses in the ring, if the mean diameter of the ring
is 160 mm.
8. The section of a crane hook is trapezium whose inner and outer sides are 20 mm
and 10 mm and depth is 25 mm. The center of curvature of the section is at a distance
of 25 mm from the inside of the section and the load line is 20 mm from the same
point. Find the greatest load, the hook will carry, if the maximum stress is not to
exceed 70 N/mm2.
UNIT V
1. (a) Classify the chains.
(b) A roller chain operating under steady load conditions, transmits 4kW from a shaft
rotating at 600rev/min to one operating at 750rev/min.
i. Determine the chain required using at least 15 teeth in the sprockets.
ii. Determine the sprocket pitch diameters.
iii. Determine the shortest advisable centre distance.
iv. Determine the number of links of chain required.
2.A V- belt drive is to be transmit 14.7 kW to a compressor. The motor speed is
1150rev/min and the compressor pulley runs at 400rev/min. Determine the size and
number of belts required
3. (a) With the help of sketches, discuss about the various types of belt joints.
(b) In an open flat belt drive; the pulley diameters are 300mm and 450mm, and the
corresponding angles of lap are 1600 and 2000. The smaller pulley runs at 240 r.p.m.
The coefficient of friction between the pulleys and belt is 0.3. It is found that the belt
is on the point of slipping when 5kW power is transmitted. To increase the power
transmitted; two alternatives are suggested, viz., i. increasing the initial tension by
15%, and ii. increasing the coefficient of friction by 15%. Which of the above two
methods would be more effective?
4. (a) Why the face of the pulley is crowned?
(b) Design a flat belt drive to transmit 15kW at 720rpm to a driven machine operating
at 360 rpm. Assume that the belt slips over pulley by 3%.
5. Select a suitable V belt and design the drive for a wet grinder. Power is available
from a 0.5 kW motor running a 750 rpm. Drum speed is to be about 100 rpm. Drive is
to be compact.
6. Design a V-belt drive to the following specifications:Power to be transmitted = 75 kW
Speed of driving wheel = 1440 rpm Speed of driven wheel = 400 rpm Diameter of
driving wheel = 300 mm Centre distance = 2500 mm
Service = 16 hours /day
7. A flat pulley transmits 20 kW at a speed of 560 r.p.m. The pulley overhangs the
nearest bearing by 200 mm. Assuming the ratio of belt tensions as 2; determine
(i) Shaft diameter (ii) pulley diameter, and (iii) cross section of eight arms.
8. A 50 kW motor running at 1000 rpm is required to drive a pump pulley at 400 rpm.
Motor pulley diameter is limited to 0.3 m. Center distance is to be around 2.5 m.
Selecta suitable V belt and design the drive.
UNIT VI
1. (a) Define the following terms:
i. Helix Angle ii. Normal pitch iii. Axial pitch. iv. Virtual number of Teeth.
(b) A pair of helical gears with 30o helix angle is used to transmit 15kW at 10000
r.p.m. of the pinion. The velocity ratio is 4:1. Both the gears are to be made of
hardened steel of static strength 100N/mm2. The gears are 20o stub and the pinion is
to have 24 teeth. The face width may be taken as 14 times the module. Find the
module and the face width from the standpoint of strength and check the gears for
wear.
2. a) What is herringbone gear? State its applications.
(b) A pair of helical gear has 200 stub teeth in the diameteral plane. Helix angle is 450.
The pinion rotates at 8,000rpm. And transmits 12kW. Gear ratio is 4:1.Safe static
stress for the material for pinion and gear 100MPa. The BHN for the pinion 300 and
that of gear 200. Find the module and face width, if the center distance is 200mm.
And check the design for dynamic load and wear strength if error is 0.01mm.
3. (a) Write the expression for static strength, limiting wear load and dynamic load for
helical gears and explain the various terms used.
(b) Two precision cut forged helical gears have 200 full depth involute teeth. The angle
of helix is 230. Permissible static bending stress 100MPa, module 3mm, face width
500mm. The speed of rotation of pinion 900rpm.gear ratio 5:1,surface endurance
strength 630MPa. Find the transmitted and wear load and state whether the design is
safe.
4. Determine the safe power which can be be transmitted by a pair of helical gears. 20
degree full depth helix, having a normal module of 5mm. Both the gears are made of
forged C-30 steel and have a face width of 76.2mm. The pinion speed is 2000rev/min
and it has 20 teeth. The velocity ratio is to be 5:1.
5. A motor shaft rotating at 1500 rpm has to transmit 15 kW to a low speed shaft with
a speed reduction of 3:1. The teeth are 14 degrees involute with 25 teeth on the
pinion.Both the pinion and gear are made of steel with a maximum safe stress of 200
N/mm2. A safe stress of 40 N/mm2 may be taken for the shaft on which the gear is
mounted and for the key. Design a spur gear drive to suit the above conditions.
Assume starting torque to be 25% higher than the running torque.
6. A pair of helical gears are to transmit 15 kW. The teeth are 200 stub in diametral
plane and have a helix angle of 450. The pinion runs at 10000 rpm and has 80 mm
pitch diameter. The gear has 320 mm pitch diameter. If the gears are made of cast steel
having allowable static strength of 100 N/mm2; determine a suitable module, face
width from static strength considerations and check the gears for wear, given fes=618
N/mm2.
7. A pair of helical gears is to transmit 20 kW. The teeth are 200 stub in the diametral
plane, and have a helix angle of 450. The pitch circle diameter of the pinion is 60 mm
and operates at 5600 r.p.m. The pitch circle diameter of the gear is 240 mm. If the
pinion and gear are both made of the same material, having static strength of 100
MPa, determine a suitable module and face width. Also, check the design for dynamic
and wear loads.
8. Design a spur gear drive to transmit 22 kW at 900 rpm, speed reduction is 2.5.
Materials for pinion and wheel are C15 steel and Cast Iron grade 30 respectively. Take
pressure angle of 200 and working life of the gears as 10,000 hours.
UNIT VII
1. The mean diameter of the square threaded screw having pitch of 10mm is 50mm.
A load of 20kN is lifted through a distance of 170mm. Find the work done in lifting
the load and the efficiency of the screw, when (a) The load rotates with the screw and
(b) The load rests on the loose head which does not rotate with the screw. The external
and internal diameter of the bearing surface of the loose head is 60mm and 10mm
respectively. The coefficient of friction for the screw and the bearing surface may be
taken as 0.08.
2. (a) Why are ISO Metric threads rarely used for the power screw while they are
invariably used for fasteners
(b) The lead screw of a lathe has ACME threads of 40mm nominal diameter and 6mm
pitch. The screw must exert an axial thrust of 2kN for driving the carriage. The thrust
is carried on a collar with 45mm inner diameter and 90mm outer diameter. The lead
screw rotates at 36 r.p.m. Determine, i. the power required to operate the screw, and ii.
the efficiency of the lead screw. Take coefficient of friction for the screw thread as 0.15
and for the collar surface as 0.12.
3. (a) Sketch the different thread profiles.

(b) A sluice weighing 600kN is raised and lowered by means of two square threaded
screws. The coefficient of friction between the thrust collar and screw is 0.003 and
that between the screw and that between the screw and nut is 0.05. Design the screw
and the nut. Assume the data if necessary.
4. A vertical square threaded screw of a 75mm nominal diameter and 10mm pitch,
supports a vertical load of 50kn. It passes through the boss of a spur gear of 72 teeth,
which acts as a nut. For raising or lowering the load, the spur gear is turned by means
of a pinion having 24 teeth. The mechanical efficiency of the gear is 90%. The axial
thrust on the screw is taken-up by a collar bearing having a mean diameter of 110mm.
The coefficient of friction for the screw and nut is 0.15, and that for collar bearing is
0.12. Determine, (a) the torque applied to the pinion shaft, (b) the maximum
(principal) shear stress induced in the screw, and (c) height of the nut, if the
permissible bearing pressure is 12MPa.
5. Design a lead-screw and split nut for a lathe for the following specifications.
Maximum axial load = 10 KN Operating speed of nut movement = 0.3 m/min Stroke
required = 1250 mm Also calculate the efficiency and the power required to drive the
screw.
6. A double threaded power screw, which has ISO metric trapezoidal threads, is used
to raise a load of 200 kN. The nominal diameter of the screw is 100 mm, and pitch is
12mm. The coefficient of friction at the screw threads is 0.15. Neglecting collar
friction,
Determine (i) the torque required to raise the load (ii) the torque required to lower the
load, and (iii) efficiency of the screw.
7. A vertical two start square threaded screw of 100 mm mean diameter and 20 mm
pitch supports a vertical load of 18 kN. The nut of the screw is fitted in the hub of a
gear wheel having 80 teeth which meshes with a pinion of 20 teeth. The mechanical
efficiency of the pinion and gear wheel drive is 90 percent. The axial thrust on the
screw is taken by a collar bearing 250 mm outside diameter and 100 mm inside
diameter. Assuming uniform pressure conditions, find, minimum diameter of pinion
shaft and height of nut, when coefficient of friction for the vertical screw and nut is
0.15 and that for the collar bearing is 0.20. The permissible shear stress in the shaft
material is 56 N/mm2 and allowable bearing pressure is 1.4 N/mm 2.
8. A screw jack carries a load of 22 kN. Assume the coefficient of friction between
screw and nut as 0.15, design the screw and nut. Neglect collar friction and column
action. The permissible compressive and shear stresses in the screw should not exceed
42 N/mm2 and 28 N/mm2 respectively. The shear stress in the nut should not exceed
21 N/mm2. The bearing pressure on the nut is 14 N/mm2. Determine the effort
required at the handle of 200 mm length in order to raise and lower the load. What
will be the efficiency of screw?
UNIT VIII
1. (a) A 3m long, 2m high and 0.4m wide lathe bed consists of two vertical walls
strengthened by perpendicular or diagonal stiffness. The thickness of the walls is
60mm. while that of the stiffness is 35mm. Calculate the reduced bending rigidity of
the beds having perpendicular and diagonal stiffeners.
(b) What are the functions and general requirement of spindle unit?
2. (a) What are the functions and general requirement of spindle unit?
(b) Explain the design the procedure for Spindle.
3. A lathe has two flat, CI slide ways of equal width and height half the width. While
turning a 200 mm diameter work piece, the tangential, radial and axial components of
the cutting force were found to be Px=1400N, Py=1600N and Pz=5000N respectively.
The lathe slide ways width assuming suitable values. Cast iron slide ways can with
stand a maximum pressure of 2500 kN/m2.
4. (a) What type of material is suitable for slide ways? Give some important properties
(b) Write a design procedure for the slide ways
5. What are the salient points to be considered while designing the Lathe Bed?
Discuss the design procedure considering these points.
6. What are the various forces acting on the spindle of a vertical drilling machine?
Explain the design procedure to with stand the various forces acting on the spindle.
7. a) What are the various factors to be considered for selecting the material for
various machine elements?
b) Briefly discuss the procedure for the Lathe tail stock spindle design for strength and
rigidity.
8. What are the various forces acting on the table bed guide ways and tool guide ways
of a planning machine? Discuss the design procedure to be followed for the design of
planning machine guide ways.
ROBOTICS
UNIT I
Introduction: Automation and Robotics, CAD/CAM and Robotics An over view of
Robotics present and future applications classification by coordinate system and
control system.
UNIT II
Components of the Industrial Robotics: Function line diagram representation of robot

arms, common types of arms. Components, Architecture, number of degrees of
freedom Requirements and challenges of end effectors, determination of the end
effectors, comparison of Electric, Hydraulic and Pneumatic types of locomotion
devices.
UNIT III
Motion Analysis: Homogeneous transformations as applicable to rotation and
translation problems.
UNIT IV
Manipulator Kinematics: Specifications of matrices, D-H notation joint coordinates
and world coordinates Forward and inverse kinematics problems.
UNIT V
Differential transformation and manipulators, Jacobians problems.Dynamics:
Lagrange Euler and Newton Euler formations Problems.
UNIT VI
Trajectory planning and avoidance of obstacles, path planning, Skew motion, joint
integrated motion straight line motion Robot programming, languages and software
packages.
UNIT VII
Robot actuators and Feedback components: Actuators: Pneumatic, Hydraulic
actuators, electric & stepper motors. Feedback components: position sensors
potentiometers, resolvers, encoders Velocity sensors.
UNIT VIII
Robot Application in Manufacturing: Material Transfer - Material handling, loading
and unloading Processing - spot and continuous arc welding & spray painting Assembly and Inspection.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Industrial Robotics / Groover M P /Pearson Edu.
2. Robotics and Control / Mittal R K & Nagrath I J / TMH.
REFERENCES:
1. Robotics / Fu K S/ McGraw Hill.
2. An Introduction to Robot Technology, / P. Coiffet and M. Chaironze / Kogam Page
Ltd. 1983 London.
3. Robotic Engineering / Richard D. Klafter, Prentice Hall
4. Robot Analysis and Intelligence / Asada and Slow time / Wiley Inter-Science.
5. Introduction to Robotics / John J Craig / Pearson Edu.
6. Robot Dynamics & Control Mark W. Spong and M. Vidyasagar / John Wiley &
Sons (ASIA) Pte Ltd.
LESSON PLAN
COURSE : B.Tech
FACULTY NAME : V.Sai Surendra
DESIGNATION: Assistant Professor
SUBJECT: ROBOTICS
Prerequisites:
Familiarity
with concepts of Kinematics & Dynamics of Machinery, Theory of
Machines and Basic Mathematics.
Course Objectives:
The objective of the course is to teach the basic fundamentals of robotics with
emphasis on the underlying theory, assumptions, and simulating issues as well as
providing hands on experience using Working Model 2D to model, analyze and
prototype a robotic system. The following are the main objectives of the present course
of study
Define and distinguish mechanization, automation, and robotics.
Discuss the major components of a robot
Distinguish advantages of electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic systems
Describe various types of sensors and the significance
Describe the role of typical input and output devices in an automated system
Describe the role/advantages of robots in industry
Recognize most common uses of robots in industry
Describe diversity of applications of robots
Course Outcomes:
Upon completion of this course, students should:
Understand the mathematical and physical principles underlying robot
manipulation.
Be able to solve small problems with Working Model 2D and compare with
classical solution.
Be able to answer what a robot is, why and how robots developed, types of
industrial robots, parts of the robot, and issues surrounding robots.
Plan:
S.NO
NO OF
HRS
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
REFERENCE
(BOOKS WITH
PAGE
REMARKS
NUMBERS)
Introduction: Automation and
robotics
CAD/CAM and Robotics
An over view of Robotics
Common types of arms
T1-25
Components, Architecture
T1-20
10
10
11
11
12
12
Assignment A1 discussion
13
13
Motion Analysis
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
Example Problems
19
19
Example Problems
20
20
Manipulator Kinematics
T1-43
21
21
Specifications of matrices
T1-52
22
22
D-H notation joint coordinates

and world coordinates
T1-81
23
23
Example Problems
Present and Future applications

Classification by coordinate
system and control system
Components of the Industrial
Robotics
Function line diagram
representation of robot arms
Number of DOF Requirements

and challenges of end effectors
Determination of the end
effectors
Comparison of Electric,
Hydraulic and Pneumatic types
of locomotion devices
Homogeneous transformations
as applicable to translation
as applicable to translation
as applicable to rotation
as applicable to rotation
T1-15,T3-3
T1-16-18
T1-34,
T3-46,501,517
T1-16
T120
T1-25
T3-43,116
T3-43,116
T1-192
T1-43
T1-53, T3-94
T1-53, T3-94
T1-54, T3-94
T1-54,T3-94
24
24
Forward and inverse kinematics
T1-67-81
25
25
T1-67-81
26
26
T1-67-81
27
27
T1-67-81
28
28
Example Problems
29
29
Example Problems
30
30
31
31
Differential transformation
and manipulators
T1-109
32
32
Jacobians
T1-111
33
33
Example problems
34
34
Example problems
35
35
Dynamics:
T1-133
36
36
Lagrange Euler formation
T1-134
37
37
Newton Euler formation
38
38
Example Problems
39
39
Example Problems
40
40
Example Problems
41
41
Example Problems
42
42
43
43
Trajectory planning and

avoidance of obstacles
T1-161
44
44
Path planning
T1-161
45
45
Skew motion, joint integrated

motion
straight line motion
T1-179
46
46
Robot programming, languages
47
47
Software package- Working

model 2D
48
48
PRACTICAL 1
49
49
PRACTICAL 2
50
50
PRACTICAL 3
T2-142-147
T1-30
T3-189,214
Robot actuators and Feedback

components
Actuators: Pneumatic,
Hydraulic actuators
51
51
52
52
53
53
54
54
55
55
56
56
57
57
58
58
59
59
60
60
spray painting
61
61
Assembly and Inspection
62
62
Revision
63
63
Revision
Electric & stepper motors

Feedback components: position
sensors potentiometers
Resolvers, encoders Velocity
sensors
Robot Application in
Manufacturing
Material Transfer - Material
handling
loading and unloadingProcessing
spot and continuous arc
welding
T1-187
T1-192,198
T1-200,205
T1-233
T1-237,242,243
T3-375,376
T3-375,376
T3-382
T3-393,396
T3-375,376
T3-416
Additional Topics (Not included in Syllabus)

Solving problems using Working model 2D software:
PRACTICAL 1: Forward and inverse kinematics
PRACTICAL2: Motion Analysis
PRACTICAL3: Path planning
Assignments:
A1 - Automation and robotics, Components of the Industrial Robotics
A2 - Motion Analysis, Manipulator Kinematics, Differential transformation and
manipulators
A3 - Robot actuators and Feedback components, Robot Application in Manufacturing
TEXT BOOK:
T1. Introduction to robotics Analysis,systems,Applications/ Saeed B. Niku/ PHI
T2. Robotics: control, sensing, vision and intelligence by K.S Fu,R.C
Gonzalez,C.S.G.Lee.
T3. Industrial Robotics by groover.
QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
1. (a) Write the homogeneous transformation matrix for a rotation of 900 about the zaxis, followed by a rotation of 900 about the x-axis, followed by a translation of
(3, 7, 9).
(b) Suppose that instead of a frame, a point P = (3; 5; 7)T in space was translated a
distance of d = (2; 3; 4)T. Find the new location of the point relative to the reference
frame
2. (a) What are the functions of a resolver? Explain with neat sketch.
(b) What are the functions of oa potentiometer? Explain with neat sketch.
b) What are the functions of oa potentiometer? Explain with neat sketch
4. (a) What are the features of Robot in Material handling? Explain.
(b) What are the problems for Robots in Arc welding?
5. (a) Define industrial automation. Describe different types of industrial automation.
(b) Classify robots based on coordinate system and give examples.
6. (a) Define a robot. What are the present day applications of robot?
b) Explain programmable automation and compare it with flexible automation.
7. (a) Give classification of robots based on control system.
(b) Describe fixed automation and explain its relationship with programmable
automation as a function of product variety and production volume.
8. (a) What is flexible automation? Explain.
(b) What are different types of robots according to coordinate system and describe
their features.
UNIT II
1. (a) Give line diagram of a polar coordinate robot and show the associated degrees of
freedom and work volume.
b) Write short notes on
(i) Adhesive grippers (ii) robot drive system
2. (a) Give line diagram of a Cartesian robot indicating various joints and their relative
motions. Determine the total degrees of freedom of the robot. Show its work volume.
b) Describe about vacuum grippers and Magnetic grippers.
3. (a) Explain different types of gripper mechanisms used in mechanical grippers.
(b) Define Degrees of freedom. Give line diagram of a cylindrical robot indicating
the relative motions of its joints. Determine its total degrees of freedom.
4. (a) What is a gripper used in robots? What are the considerations to be made in the
selection and design of grippers?
(b) What are the different types of joints used in robots? Give the degrees of freedom
associated with each joint.
6. (a) Discuss the common types of motion that a robot manipulator can make in
traveling from point to point.
(b) Determine the time required for each joint of a three - axis RRR manipulator to
travel the skew motion: Joint 1 : 300, Joint 2 : 600 and Joint 3 : 800. All joints travel
at a rotational velocity of 300/s. Neglect the e_ects of acceleration and deceleration
7. (a) Discuss about the Jacobians in the force domain.
(b) Explain the determination of Jacobians with respect to frames attached to
different links, when the Jacobian with respect to base frame is given
UNIT III
b) Determine the time required for each joint of a three - axis RRR manipulator to
travel the skew motion: Joint 1: 300, Joint 2: 600 and Joint 3: 800. All joints travel at
a rotational velocity of 300/s. Neglect the effects of acceleration and deceleration
b) Determine the time required for each joint of a three - axis RRR manipulator to
at a rotational velocity of 300/s. Neglect the e_ects of acceleration and deceleration
3. (a) Explain the Design considerations of gripper selection.
(b) Explain the important factors that have to be considered in determining the
required grasping force
di_erent links, when the Jacobian with respect to base frame is give
5. (a) For the following rotation matrix determine the determine axis of rotation and
the angle of rotation about the same axis.

(b) Find the transformation matrices for the following operations on the point 2i -5j
-3k .
i) Rotate 60o about x-axis and then translate 5 units along y-axis.
ii) Translate -2 units along y-axis and rotate 45o about x-axis.
iii) Translate 6 units along x-axis and rotate 45o about z-axis.
6. (a) State and prove the properties of a rotation matrix.
(b) Determine a composite rotation matrix for the following sequence of rotations.
i) Rotation of angle about x axis
(ii) Rotation of angle about y axis

(iii) Rotation of angle about z axis
7. (a) Find the transformation matrices for the following operations on the point 4 i
+5j -2k.
i) Rotate 60o about x-axis and then translate -3 units along y-axis.
ii) Translate 6 units along y-axis and rotate 30o about x-axis.
(b) Obtain the rotation matrix corresponding to the set of Euler angles with respect
to fixed XZX axes
8. (a) Obtain the rotation matrix corresponding to the set of Euler angles with respect
to the fixed ZYX axes
(b) Find the transformation matrices for the following operations on the point 5i 3j +8k .
i) Rotate 30o about x-axis and then translate 2 units along y-axis.
ii) Translate -2 units along y-axis and rotate 45o about x-axis.
iii) Translate 6 units along y-axis and rotate 45o about z-axis.
4. Obtain the D-H link parameters for the three-dimensional three degrees of freedom
manipulator shown in Fig. 1. Find the homogeneous transformation matrix that
describes the position and orientation of the end of arm with respect to the base
frame.
UNIT IV
1. (a) Show and explain the D-H parameters for ith link in a manipulator. Obtain the
transformation matrix from frame i to frame i-1 attached to the ends of ith link in a
manipulator in terms of the D-H parameters.
(b) Obtain the D-H parameters for the manipulator shown in Fig. 1.

3. Find the direct kinematic equations for the parallelogram arm shown in Fig.
4. Find the direct kinematic equations for the two link planar arm shown in Fig. 1.
Obtain the solutions for the inverse kinematics.
5. Explain how you solve simple inverse kinematic algorithm

7. (a) Define the following terms in robotics:
i. work envelope
ii. Work cell
iii. Tip speed
iv. Coordinated motion
(b) Discuss the roles that the major and minor axes of a robot in positioning a part in
space.
UNIT V
1. Determine the dynamic equations for the two-link manipulator shown in Fig. 2.
Assume that whole mass of the link can be considered as a point mass located at the
outermost end of each link. The masses are m1 and m2 and the link lengths are a1
and a2.

different links, when the Jacobian with respect to base frame is given.
(b) Determine the time required for each joint of a three - axis RRR manipulator to
at a rotational velocity of 300/s. Neglect the effects of acceleration and deceleration
5. What is jacobian? Find the jacobian for the two link planar arm shown in Fig. 2.
5. Obtain the dynamic equations for the two-link manipulator shown in Fig. 2.
Assume that whole mass of the link can be considered as a point mass located at the
outermost end of each link. The masses are m1 and m2 and the link lengths are a1
and a2.
6. Compute the jacobian for the three-link planar arm shown in Fig. 2.
6. (a) A single cubic trajectory is given by (t) = 20+ 25 t2 + 40 t3 and is used over a
time interval from t = 0 to t = 2 seconds . What are the starting and final positions,
velocities and accelerations?
(b) Explain the limitations of lead through programming.
7. (a) A single link robot with a rotary joint is motionless at = -2 degrees. It is
required to move the joint in a smooth manner to = 50 degrees in 2.5 seconds and
stop smoothly. Compute the parameters of a linear trajectory with parabolic blends.
(b) What are the characteristics of robot task-level languages? Explain.
8. (a) Compute the time law q(t) for a joint trajectory with velocity profile of the type q_
(t) = a sin( t) from q(0) = 0 to q(2) = 2.
(b) Discuss the characteristics of robot-level languages.
UNIT VI
1. Explain how you solve simple inverse kinematic algorithm
3. (a) What are the different motion types that a robot manipulator can make in
traveling from point to point? Explain.
(b) What are the basic elements of the robot language? Explain.
UNIT VII
2. (a) Write the homogeneous transformation matrix for a rotation of 900 about the zaxis, followed by a rotation of 900 about the x-axis, followed by a translation of (3, 7,
9).
(b) Suppose that instead of a frame, a point P = (3; 5; 7)T in space was translated a
frame
3. (a) Write short notes on (i) resolvers (ii) velocity sensors
(b) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic actuators compared to
pneumatic actuators.
4. (a) Write short notes on
(i) Pneumatic actuators (ii) electric motors
(b) Describe various position sensing devices used in robots
5. (a) Distinguish between hydraulic actuators and stepper motors used joint
Actuation in robots.
(b) Describe different types of encoders.
6. (a) Describe the working of hydraulic actuators.
(b) What is a resolver? Explain its operating principle.
(c) Describe about the working of a tachometer.
UNIT VIII
1. (a) Explain how robotics can be applied to inspection automation?
(b) What are the desirable features of a robot for successful machine tool
load/unload application?
2. (a) Explain the general considerations to be made in robot material handling?
(b) Explain how the robot is used for spray painting applications.
3. (a) Explain the advantages of using robots in Arc welding operations.
(b) Explain the requirements of a robot for spray-coating applications?
4. (a) Discuss the applications of robots in material handling operations.
(b) Discuss the applications of robots in automated assembly operations.
6. (a) Write the homogeneous transformation matrix for a rotation of 900 about the zaxis, followed by a rotation of 900 about the x-axis, followed by a translation of (3, 7,
9).(b) Suppose that instead of a frame, a point P = (3; 5; 7)T in space was translated a
frame
HEAT TRANSFER
UNIT I
Introduction : Modes and mechanisms of heat transfer Basic laws of heat transfer
General discussion about applications of heat transfer.
Conduction Heat Transfer : Fourier rate equation General heat conduction
equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical coordinates.
UNIT II
Steady, unsteady and periodic heat transfer Initial and boundary conditions.
One Dimensional Steady State Conduction Heat Transfer : Homogeneous slabs,
hollow cylinders and spheres overall heat transfer coefficient electrical analogy
Critical radius of insulation
Variable Thermal conductivity systems with heat sources or Heat generation.
Extended surface (fins) Heat Transfer Long Fin, Fin with insulated tip and Short Fin,
Application to error measurement of Temperature.
UNIT III
One Dimensional Transient Conduction Heat Transfer : Systems with negligible
internal resistance Significance of Biot and Fourier Numbers - Chart solutions of
transient conduction systems
UNIT IV
Convective Heat Transfer : Classification of convective heat transfer Dimensional
analysis as a tool for experimental investigation Buckingham Pi Theorem for forced
and free convection, application for developing semi empirical non- dimensional
correlation for convection heat transfer Significance of non-dimensional numbers
Concepts of Continuity, Momentum and Energy Equations.
UNIT V
Forced convection: External Flows : Concepts about hydrodynamic and thermal
boundary layer and use of empirical correlations for convective heat transfer -Flat
plates and Cylinders. Internal Flows : Concepts about Hydrodynamic and Thermal
Entry Lengths Division of internal flow based on this Use of empirical relations for
Horizontal Pipe Flow and annulus flow.
Free Convection : Development of Hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer along a
vertical plate Use of empirical relations for Vertical plates and pipes.
UNIT VI
Heat Transfer with Phase Change: Boiling: Pool boiling Regimes Calculations on
Nucleate boiling, Critical Heat flux and Film boiling.
Condensation: Film wise and drop wise condensation Nusselts Theory of
Condensation on a vertical plate - Film condensation on vertical and horizontal
cylinders using empirical correlations.
UNIT VII
Heat Exchangers: Classification of heat exchangers overall heat transfer Coefficient
and fouling factor Concepts of LMTD and NTU methods - Problems
UNIT VIII
Radiation Heat Transfer : Emission characteristics and laws of black-body radiation
Irradiation total and monochromatic quantities laws of Planck, Wien, Kirchoff,
Lambert, Stefan and Boltzmann heat exchange between two black bodies concepts
of shape factor Emissivity heat exchange between grey bodies radiation shields
electrical analogy for radiation networks.
TEXT BOOKS :
1. Heat Transfer / HOLMAN/TMH
2. Heat Transfer P.K.Nag/ TMH
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1 Heat and Mass Transfer - Arora and Domkundwar, Dhanpatrai & Sons
2.Fundamentals of Engg. Heat and Mass Transfer/R.C.SACHDEVA / New Age
International
3. Heat and Mass Transfer Cengel- McGraw Hill.
4. Heat and Mass Transfer R.K. Rajput S.Chand & Company Ltd.
5. Heat and Mass Transfer D.S.Kumar / S.K.Kataria & Sons

LESSON PLAN
COURSE : B.Tech
FACULTY NAME : V.Lakshmi Narayana
SUBJECT: HEAT TRANSFER

PREREQUISITES:
Familiarity with basics of thermal engineering and the fundamental properties like
pressure, volume, temperature, heat, entropy and enthalpy etc.
COURSE OBJECTIVE:
The overall objective of the course is to teach the basic principles of heat transfer and
the different modes of conducting heat transfer in detail.
Specific objectives include
To acquaint students with the basic fundamentals like conduction, convection
and radiation and the different laws associated with them.
To give the basic knowledge regarding the heat flow rate and the parameters
associated with heat flow rate like thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer
coefficient and universal heat transfer coefficient
To acquaint students with the dimensional analysis which is helpful in problem
solving
To analyze the performance of different heat exchangers and able to select a
heat exchanger depending upon the requirements
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, students should
Understand the modes of heat transfer and the different parameters associated
with heat transfer in detail.
Have knowledge on the different laws which are associated with the three
different modes of heat transfer
Be able to evaluate the performance of heat exchanger
Analyze different types of errors and elimination of errors
Have knowledge on different states of boiling and condensation
S.NO
NO. OF
HOURS
REFERENCE
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
(BOOKS WITH
PAGE NO.S)
UNIT I (CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER)

Introduction : Modes and
Cylindrical and Spherical

coordinates.
Problems
mechanisms of heat transfer

Basic laws of heat transfer
General discussion about
applications of heat transfer.
Conduction Heat Transfer :
Fourier rate equation
General heat conduction equation
in Cartesian
R1-1,T1-1,
R9-1, R4-11
R1-2, T1-1,
R9-6, R4-13
R1-4, T1-13
R1-5, 27, T1-23,
R4-27
R1-27, T1-69,
R9-30, R4-27
R1-31-34, T169, R9-34,37,
R4-32,35
UNIT II (STEADY STATE I-D HEAT TRANSFER)

steady, unsteady and periodic heat
transfer
Initial and boundary conditions.
Homogeneous slabs
R1-37, T1-23,
R9-39
hollow cylinders and spheres
T1-3S7, R9-44
11
overall heat transfer coefficient

electrical analogy
T1-29, R9-51
12
Critical radius of insulation
R1-78, T1-34
10
13
14
15
16
17
Variable Thermal conductivity

systems with heat sources or Heat
generation
Extended surface (fins) Heat
Transfer
Long Fin
Fin with insulated tip and Short
Fin
Application to error measurement
R1-46, R4-27
R1-55, T1-23
R1-100, T1-43,
R9-153
R1-102, R9-156
R1-107
R1-123
REMARKS
of Temperature.
18
Problems
UNIT III ( ID TRANSIENT CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER)
Systems with negligible internal
resistance
Significance of Biot and Fourier
Numbers
Chart solutions of transient
conduction systems
19
20
21
22
problems
23
problems
R1-169
R1-283, T1-81
R1-190, ,
R4-277
UNIT IV (CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER)
24
25
26
27
28
Classification of systems based on

causation of flow, condition of
flow, configuration of flow and
medium of flow
Dimensional analysis as a tool for
experimental investigation
Buckingham Pi Theorem and
method, application for developing
semi empirical non- dimensional
correlation for convection heat
transfer
Significance of non-dimensional
numbers
Concepts of Continuity,
Momentum and Energy
Equations.
R1-244, T1-207
R1-283, T1-86
R1-283
T1-154
T1-223
UNIT V (FREE CONVECTION)

Forced convection: External
Flows : Concepts about
29
30
31
Flat plates and Cylinders
Internal Flows : Concepts about

Hydrodynamic and Thermal Entry
hydrodynamic and thermal

boundary layer
use of empirical correlations for
convective heat transfer
R1-293, T1-207
R1-379, T1-267
R1-369, T1-214,
284
T1-249
Lengths
33
34
35
36
37
Division of internal flow based on

above concepts
Use of empirical relations for
Horizontal Pipe Flow and annulus
flow.
Development of Hydrodynamic
and thermal boundary layer along
a vertical plate
Vertical plates.
pipes.
T1-294
T1-269, 269
T1-223
R1-379, T1-267
R1-379, T1-269
UNIT VI (HEAT TRANSFER WITH PHASE CHANGE)

38
Boiling: Pool boiling
R1-513, T1-490
39
Regimes Calculations on Nucleate

boiling
R1-516, T1-502
40
Critical Heat flux and flow boiling.
R1-521
41
42
43
Condensation: Film wise and

drop wise condensation
Nusselts Theory of Condensation
on a vertical plate
Film condensation on vertical and
horizontal cylinders using
empirical correlations
R1-525, T1-481
T1-481
T1-487
UNIT VII (HEAT EXCHANGERS)

44
45
46
47
Classification of heat exchangers

Overall heat transfer Coefficient
and fouling factor
Concepts of LMTD and NTU
methods
Problems using LMTD and NTU
methods.
R1-541, T1-521
R1-544
R1-528, T1-525
R1-528, T1-529
UNIT VIII (RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER)

48
49
Emission characteristics and laws

of black-body radiation
Irradiation total and
monochromatic quantities
R1-407, T1-369
R1-414
50
51
52
53
54
laws of Planck, Wien, Kirchoff
R1-429
laws of Lambert, Stefan and

Boltzmann
heat exchange between two black
bodies concepts of shape factor
Emissivity , heat exchange
between grey bodies
R1-441, T1-387
radiation shields
R1-478, T1-406
55
electrical analogy for radiation

networks.
56
Problems
R1-429
R1-407
R1-471
TEXT BOOKS :
T1. Heat Transfer / HOLMAN/TMH
T2. Heat Transfer P.K.Nag/ TMH
REFERENCE BOOKS:
R1 Fundamentals
International
R2. Heat and Mass
R3. Heat and Mass
R4. Heat and Mass
R5. Heat and Mass
of Engg. Heat and Mass Transfer/R.C.SACHDEVA / New Age

Transfer
Transfer
Transfer
Transfer
- Arora and Domkundwar, Dhanpatrai & Sons

Cengel- McGraw Hill.
R.K. Rajput S.Chand & Company Ltd.
D.S.Kumar / S.K.Kataria & Sons
QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
1. a) Derive, starting from fundamentals, general conduction equation in cylindrical
coordinates and deduce it to one dimensional steady state condition with no internal
heat generation.
b) Compute the heat loss per square metre surface area of a 40 cm thick furnace wall
having surface temperatures of 3000C and 500C if the thermal conductivity k of the
wall material is given by k = 0.005 T 5 10-6 T2 where T = temperature in 0C.
2. a) Define thermal conductivity. Name some good conductors of heat; some poor
conductors.
b) Derive, starting from fundamentals, general conduction equation in Cartesian

coordinates and deduce it to one dimensional steady state condition with no internal
heat generation.
3. a) Derive, starting from the fundamentals, general conduction equation in spherical
coordinates.
b) Explain briefly the concept of driving potential in heat transfer.
4. a) What are different modes of heat transfer? Explain briefly giving governing
equations and at least two examples to each.
b) A furnace wall consists of three layers. The inner layer of 10 cm thickness is made
of fire brick (k = 1 W/m 0C), intermediate layer of 20 cm thickness is made of masonry
brick (k = 0.7 W/m0C) followed by a 5 cm thick concrete wall (k = 1.5 W/m 0C). The
inner and outer surface temperatures are 800 0C and 50 0C. Calculate the rate of heat
loss per unit area of the wall and the intermediate temperatures.
5. Calculate the heat loss per unit area through the glass window (K=1.4 W/m-K)
when the inner and outer substances of the glass are maintained at 15 0C and 50C
respectively.
6. (a) Air owing through a long tube of 2.5cm diameter at a ow rate of 30m/s is heated
from an entry temperature of 20 0C to an exit temperature of 40 0C, while the
temperature of the tube is maintained at 500C. Estimate the heat transfer coefficient
between the air and the inner tube. (b) Describe the physical mechanism of
convection. How is the convection heat transfer coefficient related to the mechanism?
7. Saturated steam at one atmospheric pressure condenses on a 3 m high and 4 m
wide vertical plate that is maintained at 900C by circulating cooling water through
the other side. Determine
(a) the total rate of heat transfer by condensation to the plate
(b) the average heat transfer coefficient over the entire plate.
8. (a) Define the overall heat transfer coefficient? Obtain the expression for composite
cylinder.
(b) A wall consists of three layers of 0.2 m concrete, 0.08 m of fiber glass insulation
and 0.015 m gypsum board (0.04 W/mK). The convective heat transfer coefficients at
inside and outside surfaces are 15 and 45 W/m2 K respectively. The inside and
outside surface temperatures are 25 0C and -10 0C respectively. Calculate the overall
heat transfer coefficients for the wall and heat loss per unit area.
UNIT II
1 a) A wall of a house is constructed from a 11 cm layer of common brick (k = 0.7
W/mK) followed by a 4 cm layer of plaster (k = 0.48 W/mK). What thickness of loosely
packed rock wool insulation (k = 0.065 W/mK) should be added to reduce the heat
loss through the wall by 50 %?
b) A current of 200 A is passed through a stainless steel wire 3 mm in diameter. The
resistivity of the steel may be taken as 70 -cm, and the length of the wire is 1 m. The
wire is submerged in a liquid at 1000C and experiences a convective heat transfer
coefficient of 4 kW/m2K. Taking k for wire as 20 W/mK, Calculate the central
temperature of the wire.
2. a) A thick walled tube of stainless steel with 2.5 cm inner diameter and 4.5 cm
outer diameter is covered with a 3 cm layer of asbestos insulation. If the inside wall
temperature of the pipe is maintained at 5000C, calculate the heat loss per meter of
length. Also calculate the tube-insulation interface temperature.
b) A thick walled copper cylinder has an inside radius of 1 cm and an outside radius of
2 cm. The inner and outer surfaces are held at 310 0C and 290 0C respectively.
Assume k varies with temperature as k (W/mK) = 371.9 [ 1 9.25 10 -5( T 150 ) ].
Determine the heat loss per unit length.
3. a) What is overall heat transfer coefficient and where do you use it?
b) What is meant by lumped capacity and when can it be applied in heat transfer
problems?
c) A steel pipe line (k = 50 W/mK) of I.D 100 mm and O.D 110 mm is to be covered
with two layers of insulation each having a thickness of 50 mm. The thermal
conductivity of the first insulation material is 0.06 W/mK and that of the second is
0.12 W/mK. Calculate the loss of heat per meter length of pipe and the interface
temperatures between the two layers of insulation when the temperature of the inside
tube surface is 300 0C and that of the outside surface of the insulation is 70 0C.
4. a) What is critical thickness of insulation on a pipe? Explain its physical
significance and derive an expression for the same. State the assumptions you have
made.
b) Calculate the critical radius of insulation for asbestos surrounding a pipe and
exposed to room air at 300C with h = 3 W/m2K. Calculate the heat loss from a 2500C,
5 cm diameter pipe when covered with critical radius of insulation and also without
insulation.
5. (a) Derive a general expression for interchange factor for radiation between two nonblack parallel surfaces of same area.
(b) Two opposite, parallel infinite planes are maintained at 400 0C and 460
0Crespectively. Calculate the net radiant heat ux between these planes if one has an
emissivity of 0.6 and the other an emissivity of 0.4.
6.(a) Derive an expression for logarithmic mean temperature difference for the case of
counter flow heat exchanger.
(b) A hot fluid enters a heat exchanger at a temperature of 200 0C at a flow rate of 2.8
kg/s (sp. heat 2.0 kJ/kg-K). It is cooled by another fluid with a mass flow rate of 0.7
kg/sec(sp. heat 0.4 kJ/kg-K). The overall heat transfer coefficient based on outside
area of 20m2 is 250 W/m2-K. Calculate the exit temperature of hot fluid when the
fluids are in parallel flow.
7. (a) What is lumped capacity ? What are the assumptions for lumped capacity
analysis?
(b) Using lumped system analysis, determine the time required for a solid steel ball of
diameter 5cm, density 7,833 kg/m3, specific heat 465 J/kg K, thermal conductivity
54 W/m K, to cool from 6000C to 200 0C, if it is exposed to an air stream at 500C
having a heat transfer coefficient h=100 W/m2 K.
8. (a) Write the expression for Biot number and explain it physical significance.
(b) Is the Biot number more likely to be larger for highly conducting solid bodies or for
poorly conducting ones?
(c) What is the limiting value of the Biot number for the lumped-heat-capacity analysis
to be fairly accurate? Is it a maximum or minimum value?
UNIT III
1. a) What are the different charts used to solve transient conduction problems and
what is their significance?
b) Derive an expression for temperature distribution in systems with negligible internal
resistance.
c) An aluminum sphere weighing 5 kg and initially a temperature of 3500C is suddenly
immersed in a fluid at 500C. The heat transfer coefficient is 60 W/m20C. Estimate the
time required to cool the sphere to 1000C. Take for aluminum = 2700 kg/m3, c = 900
J/kgK and k = 200 W/mK.
2. a) Show different types of fins with the help of simple sketches and give their
applications.
b) What is the significance of Biot and Fourier numbers?
c) Derive an expression for temperature distribution for a cylinder with heat sources.
3. a) Define the terms efficiency and effectiveness as applied to fins.
b) What are the boundary conditions for three cases of rectangular plate fins very
long, finite length with and without ends insulated?
c) An aluminum fin (k = 200 W/mK) 3.0 mm thick and 7.5 cm long protrudes from a
wall. The base is maintained at 300 0C, and the ambient temperature is 50 0C with h
= 10 W/m2K. Calculate i) the heat loss from the fin per unit depth of material ii)
temperature of the fin at its end iii) efficiency and effectiveness of the fin.
4. a) Derive an expression for temperature distribution and heat transfer rate from a
rectangular plate fin of finite length with ends not insulated.
b) A plate of 3 cm thickness has heat generated uniformly at the rate of 500 kW per
unit volume. One side of the plate is maintained at 2000C and the other side at 500C.
Calculate the temperature at the centre of the plate whose thermal conductivity is 15
W/m. 0C.
5. (a) Deduce average heat transfer co-e_cient equation in _lm condensation on a
Vertical at plate using Nusselt's theory.
(b) Explain various regimes of pool boiling.
6. (a) Discuss the merits and demerits of _lm wise and drop wise condensation.
(b) Estimate the heat ux required to maintain a brass plate at 1200C while boiling
saturated water at 1 atm. What is the power requirement if the water is pressurized to
10 atm? At what fraction of the critical heat ux is the plate operating?
7. (a) Derive an expression for the Nusselt number for the case of condensation in a
vertical cold wall.
(b) Distinguish between filmwise and dropwise condensation which one gives a higher
heat transfer co-efficient? Why?
UNIT IV
1. a) Explain how velocity boundary layer is formed over a flat plate in forced
convection.
b) Air at 20 0C is flowing along a heated flat plate at 130 0C at a velocity of 3 m/s. The
plate is 2 m long and 1.5 m wide. Calculate i) the thickness of velocity boundary layer
at 50 cm from leading edge ii) Skin friction coefficient at 50 cm from leading edge iii)
Average friction coefficient over the entire length of the plate iv) Total drag force
experienced by the plate v) Heat transfer coefficient at 50 cm from leading edge vi)
Heat transferred from the entire plate
2. a) Distinguish between free and forced convection.
b) Air flow through a long rectangular air conditioning duct of 30 cm height and 60 cm
width maintains the outer duct surface temperature at 15 0C. If the duct is un
insulated and exposed to air at 25 0C, calculate the heat gained by the duct per meter
length, assuming it to be horizontal.
3. a) What is the significance of dimensional analysis? Derive expressions for
Reynolds, Pradtl and Nusselt numbers using dimensional analysis.
b) Air at 2 bar and 200 0C is heated as it flows through a tube with a diameter of 2 cm
at a velocity of 10 m/s. Calculate the heat transfer per unit length of tube if a constant
heat flux condition is maintained at the wall and the wall temperature is 25 0C above
the air temperature, all along the length of the tube. How much would the bulk
temperature increase over a 3-m length of the tube?
4. a) Sketch and explain temperature and velocity profiles in free convection on a
vertical wall.
b) A 30 cm long glass plate is hung vertically in the air at 250C while its temperature
is maintained at 750C. Calculate the boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge of
the plate. If a similar plate is placed in a wind tunnel and air is blown over it at a
velocity of 4 m/s, estimate the boundary layer thickness at its trailing edge.
5. (a) Water at a velocity of 15m/sec. ows through a straight tube of 50mm diameter.
The temperature of the tube surface is maintained at 600C and the owing water is
heated from the inlet temperature of 20 0C to 400C. Find the heat transfer coefficient,
heat transfer and tube length. The properties of water are assumed as follows: _ =
995.7 kg/m3. Cp = 4.174 kJ/kg-K, k=61.718 _ 102 W/m-K. _ = 0.805
0
_ 106 m2/sec. Pr=5.42.
0
(b) What is meant by a thermal boundary layer? How is Prandtl Number related to its
thickness.
6. A wall 2 cm thick is to be constructed from material which has an average thermal
conductivity of 1.3 W/m. K. The wall is to be insulated with material having an
average thermal conductivity of 0.35 W/m.K, so that the heat loss per square meter
will not exceed 1830 W. Assuming that the inner and outer surface temperatures of
the insulated wall are 13000C and 300C, calculate the thickness of insulation
required.
7. (a) Distinguish between a black body and grey body.
(b) Prove that intensity of radiation is given by Ib = Eb/_
(c) State and explain Kircho_s identity? What are the conditions under which it is
applicable.
8. (a) Define emissivity of a surface. Explain spectral, directional, hemispherical and
total emissivity.
(b) long steel rod 20 mm in diameter is to be heated from 4270C to 5380C. It is placed
concentrically in a long cylindrical furnace which has an inside diameter of 160mm.
The inter-surface of the furnace is at a temperature of 10930C and has an emissivity
of 0.85. If the surface of the rod has an emissivity of 0.6. Estimate the time required
for the heating operation. Take the density of steel as 7800kg/m3 and its speci_c heat
0.67 kJ/kg. K
UNIT V
1. a) What is the hydraulic diameter and when is it used?
b) How do laminar and turbulent flows influence heat transfer rates? Explain briefly
c) A large vertical plate 3 m high is maintained at 500C and exposed to atmospheric
air at 100C. Calculate the heat transfer if the plate is 10 m wide.
2. a) Write a brief note on Continuity, Momentum and Energy Equations.
b) Calculate the heat-transfer rate per unit length for flow at a speed of 6 m/s over a
0.025 mm diameter cylinder maintained at 600C. Perform the calculation for i) air at
200C and 1 atm and ii)water at 200C.
3. a) Describe the relationship between fluid friction and heat transfer.
b) A vertical cylinder having a length of 30 cm is maintained at 1000C and exposed to
room air at 150C. Calculate the minimum diameter the cylinder can have in order to
behave as a vertical plate and also calculate the heat lost by free convection.
4. a) What is the significance of Reynolds, Prandtl, Grashof and Nusselt numbers?
b) Engine oil enters a 5 mm diameter tube at 1200C. The tube wall is maintained at
500C, and the inlet Reynolds number is 1000. Calculate the heat transfer, average
heat transfer coefficient and exit oil temperature if the length of the tube is 20 cm.
5. (a) Define _n e_ciency and _n e_ectiveness.

(b) What are the assumptions made in deriving an expression for _nding temperature
distribution along a circular _n.
(c) A Thin rod of copper, K=110 W/m K, of 1.25 cm in diameter spans the distance
between two parallel plates 15 cm apart. Air at 400C ows in the space between the
plates providing h = 55 W/m2 K. Temperature of the plates exceeds that of air by
400C. What is the temperature at the center of the rod? Also _nd the heat lost from
the rod per hour.
6. (a) Define that Nusselt number, Grashoff number and Prandtl numbers. Explain
their significance.
(b) The vertical wall of a oven, 0.75 m high and 1.2m wide, is maintained at a
temperature of 2150C while the ambient air is at 250C. Find the heat loss by
convention from the oven plate to the surrounding air.
7. (a) Define thermal conductivity. State and explain about various factors on which
thermal conductivity depend.
(b) Derive the general heat conduction equation for an isotropic material in cylindrical
coordinates.
8. (a) List out the various physical quantities involved with forced convection heat
transfer and obtain a dimensionless correlation amongst them.
(b) Air at 27 0C ows over a heated plate at 60 0C with a velocity of 2m/s. Estimate the
drag force exerted on the _rst 40cm of the plate, using the analogy between uid friction
and heat transfer. The properties of air at 43.5 0C are _ = 17.36 _ 1 06
0
m2/s, K = 0.0275 W/m.K, Pr = 0.7 and Cp = 1.006 kJ/kg.K.
UNIT VI
1. a) Define effectiveness of heat exchangers and obtain an expression for it in case of
a parallel flow heat exchanger.
b) Hot oil with a capacity rate of 2500 W/K flows through a double pipe heat exchange.
It enters at 3500 C and leaves at 3000 C. Cold fluid enters at 300C and leaves at 2000
C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 800 W/m2 K, determine the heat exchanger
area required for (i) parallel flow and (ii) counter flow. Give your conclusion based on
the values you get.
2. a) What are the advantages of NTU method over the LMTD method ?
b) What are fouling factors? Explain briefly.
c) Water enters a cross flow heat exchanger (both fluids unmixed) at 5 0C and flows at
the rate of 4500 kg/h to cool 4000 kg/h of air that is initially at 35 0C. Assuming
overall heat transfer coefficient as 150 W/m2 K, calculate the exit temperature of
water for an exchanger surface area of 25 m2
3. a) Derive an expression for LMTD of a counter flow heat exchanger. State the
assumptions you have made.
b) Water at the rate of 65 kg / min is heated from 300C to 700C by an oil having a
specific heat of 2 kJ/ kg.K. The fluids are used in counter flow double pipe heat
exchanger, and the oil enter the exchanger at 100 0C and leaves at 70 0C. Taking U as
300 W/m2K, calculate the heat exchanger area. Instead of the double pipe
arrangement in the above problem, it is desired to use a shelland- tube exchanger with
the water making one shell pass and the oil making tow tube passes. Calculate the
area required for this exchanger.
4 a) How are heat exchangers classified?
b) Derive an expression for LMTD of a parallel flow heat exchanger. State the
assumptions you have made.
c) Water at the rate of 4 kg/s is heated from 40 0C to 55 0C in a shell-and-tube type
heat exchanger. The water is to flow inside tubes of 2 cm diameter with an average
velocity of 35 cm/s. Hot water available at 97 0C and at the rate of 2 kg/s is used as
the heating medium on the shell side. If the length of tubes must not be more than 2
m calculate the number of tube passes, the number of tubes per pass and the length
of the tubes for one pass shell, assuming overall heat transfer coefficient based on
outside area as 1500 W/m2K.
5. A 20 cm side cube is maintained at 600C is exposed to atmospheric air at 200C.
Calculate the heat transfer from all the faces of the cube due to natural convection.
6. (a) Derive the expression for the temperature distribution and heat conduction
through a solid wall if material has thermal conductivity varies with temperature as K
= k0(1+_T). Assume the surface temperatures at T1 and T2.
(b) Heat is generated at a constant rate of 4_108 W/m3 in a copper rod (3.86W/mK) of
radius 5 mm. The rod is cooled by convection from its cylindrical surface into an
ambient at 300C with a heat transfer coe_cient of 2000 W/m2K. Determine the
surface temperature of the rod.
7. (a) Physically, what does the Grashof number represent? How does the Grashoff
number differ from the Reynolds numbers?
(b) A 400-W cylindrical resistance heater is 1 m long and 0.5 cm in diameter. The
resistance wire is placed horizontally in a uid at 20 0C. Determine the outer surface
emperature of the resistance wire in steady operation if the fuid is air. Ignore any heat
transfer by radiation. Use properties at 150 0C for air.
8. (a) What are the different modes of heat transfer that takes place from hot fuid
to cold uid in a double pipe heat exchanger?
(b) A shell-and-tube heat exchanger cools oil which ows at a rate of 5 kg/s with an
inlet temperature of 800C and the outlet temperature of 400C. The cold fuid is water
which ows at the rate of 10 kg/s with an inlet temperature of 200C. The overall heat
transfer coe_cient is 550 W/m2K. Determine the heat transfer surface area required
for i. a parallel-ow heat exchanger and ii. a counter ow heat exchanger. Take C p;oil 2
kJ /m2 K, CP , water = 4.2 kJ/kg K.
UNIT VII
1. a) Distinguish between i) Film and drop wise condensation ii) nucleate and film
boiling
b) A vertical plate 30 cm wide and 1.2 m high is maintained at 800C and exposed to
saturated steam at 1 atm. Calculate the heat transfer and the total mass of steam
condensed per hour.
2. A heated vertical plate at a temperature of 1050C is immersed in a tank of water
exposed to atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the water is 1000C, and boiling
occurs at the surface of the plate. What is the heat loss rate from the plate for an area
of 0.3 m2?
3. a) What are the different regimes of pool boiling?. Explain where and why does
radiation play a significant role in heat transfer during boiling.
b) A vertical square plate, of 40 by 40 cm, is exposed to steam at atmospheric
pressure. The plate temperature is 980C. Calculate the heat transfer and the mass of
steam condensed per day.
4. a) What is meant by sub cooled and saturated boiling? Explain.
b) Saturated steam at 1.03 bar pressure condenses on the outside of a 30 cm diameter

tube whose surface is maintained at 950C. The tube is 15 m long. Calculate the heat
transfer coefficient and the amount of steam condensed per hour.
5. A steel sphere of radius 50 mm is initially at a uniform temperature of 5300C and is
suddenly immersed in an oil bath of 300C with a convection heat transfer coefficient
of 500 W/m2 K. How long will it take for the center of the sphere to reach a
temperature of 1050C? Take the thermal conductivity of steel as 50 W/m K and
thermal diffusivity as 1.5 x 105 m2/s (use Heisler charts).
0
6. (a) Determine the value of Stefan-Boltzmann constant analytically.
(b) Calculate the heat lost by radiation per m length of 8cm O.D. pipe at 500 0C when
it is placed in a large room with red brick walls maintained at a temperature of 27 0C
and if it is enclosed in a 16cm diameter conduit of red brick maintained at a
temperature of 270C. Take emissivity of steel as 0.8 and of red brick as 0.9 Also
calculate the reduction in heat loss in the second case.
7. It is required to cool 0.5 kg/s of oil form 110 0C to 50 0C using a counter flow
double-pipe heat exchanger. The cooling water is available at 250C and can leave at
350C. The oil ows through the copper tube of 12 mm diameter, 1.5 m length and water
ows through the annulus. The internal diameter of the outer tube is 30 mm. The inner
tube of 3 mm thickness is made of copper [k=400 W/m K]. Use the Dittus-Boelter
equation to estimate the convective heat transfer coe_cients on both sides of the inner
tube, and determine the overall heat transfer coe_cient of the heat exchanger. Take the
following properties of oil and water at their respective bulk temperatures: P oil = 8.64
kg/m3, Cp;oil = 2.5 kJ/kg. K
V oil = 0.85 _ 104 m2/s, k oil = 0.16 W/m K
0
Pwater= 1000 kg/m3, Cwater = 4.18 kJ kg K
V water = 0.15 _ 106 m2/s k water = 0.16 W/m K
0
8. (a) What is the criterion for transition from laminar to turbulent boundary layer in
free convection on a vertical at plate.
(b) Estimate The electrical power required to maintain a vertical heater surface at
1300C in ambient air at 200C. The plate is 15 cm high and 10 cm wide. Consider
equivalent radiation heat transfer coe_cient as 8.5 W/m2K.
UNIT VIII
1. a) Explain Planks distribution law.
b) Two parallel plates 0.5 by 1.0 m are spaced 0.5 m apart. One plate is maintained at
1000 0C and the other at 500 0C. The emissivities of the plates are 0.2 and 0.5,
respectively. The plates are located in a very large room, the walls of which are
maintained at 30 0C. The plates exchange heat with each other and with the room,
but only the plate surfaces facing each other are to be considered in the analysis. Find
the net heat transfer to each plate and to the room.
2. a) What is radiation shape factor?
b) Derive an expression for radiation heat exchange between two large parallel planes.
c) Emissivities of two large parallel plates maintained at 8500C and 3500C are 0.35
and 0.55 respectively. Find the percentage reduction in heat transfer when a polished
aluminum radiation
shield of emissivity 0.05 is placed between them. Also find the temperature of the
shield.
3. a) State and prove Kirchhoffs law of radiation.
b) Emissivities of two large parallel plates maintained at 9000C and 4000C are 0.4 and
0.6 respectively. Find i) The percentage reduction in heat transfer when a polished
aluminum radiation shield of emissivity 0.05 is placed between them.
ii) Temperature of the shield.
iii) The number of shields to be placed between the two plates to reduce radiation heat
transfer by 50 times, assuming all the shields have the same emissivity of 0.05.
4. a) What is a radiation shield and how does it reduces radiation heat transfer rate?
b)Define i) Emissive power & Emissivity ii) Black body & Opaque body
c)The net radiation from the surface of two parallel plates maintained at temperatures
T1 and T2 is to be reduced by 75 times. Calculate the number of screens to be placed
between these two surfaces to achieve this reduction in heat exchange, assuming the
emissivity of the screens as 0.05 and that of the surfaces as 0.8.
5. Two identical heat exchangers are available. Water (Cp=4.2 kJ/kg-K) at the rate
of 1 kg/sec and at 30 0C is heated by cooling an oil (Cp=2.1kJ/kg-K at 90 0C. The oil
ow rate is 0.75 kg/sec. The heat transfer area in each heat exchanger is 4m2. The heat
exchangers are connected in series on water side and in parallel on the oil side. The oil
ow rate is split in the ratio 2:1 as 0.5 kg/sec in the first and 0.25 kg/sec in the second
exchanger. Water enters the first heat exchangers at 300C. Calculate the final water
and oil temperature. Overall heat transfer coefficient in each heat exchangers is 300
W/m2-K.
6. A large aluminium plate of thickness 200 mm originally at a temperature of 530 0C
is suddenly exposed to an environment at 300C. The convective heat transfer
coefficient between the plate and the environment if 500 W/m2 K. Determine with the
help of Heisler charts, the temperature at a depth of 20 mm from one of the faces 225
seconds after the plate is exposed to the environment. Also calculate how much energy
has been lost per unit area of the plate during this time? Take for aluminium, _ = 8 _
105 m2/s and k = 200 W/m K.
0
8. (a) Explain the terms 'hydrodynamic boundary layer' and 'thermal boundary layer'.
How are their thicknesses related to Prandtl number?
(b) Air at 200C and one atmosphere ows parallel to a at plate at a velocity of 3.5 m/s.
The plate is maintained at a temperature of 800C. Calculate the boundary layer
thickness and the local skin-friction coe_cient at x= 0.5m and x=0.75m. Estimate the
drag force on the plate if the plate has dimensions 1.5m (along the ow direction) and
0.5 m (width).
8. The thermal conductivity of a certain material is a linear function of temperature.
A plane wall made of such material, 25 mm thick, with a cross-sectional area of 0.1
sq m, has one side maintained at 380C and the other at 940C. The temperature at the
central plane of the wall is 600C and the heat ow is 1.0 kW. Obtain an expression for
the thermal conductivity of the material as a function of temperature. Derive the
formulae used in solving the problem.
INDUSTRIAL ENGG. & MANAGEMENT
UNIT I
INTRODUCTION: Definition of industrial engineering (I.E), Development,
applications, role of an Industrial engineer, differences between Production
management and Industrial engineering. Quantitative tools of IE and

Productivity measurement. Concepts of management, Importance, functions of
management, scientific management, Taylors principles, theory X and theory
Y, Fayols principles of management.
UNIT II
PLANT LAYOUT: Factors governing plant location, Types of production layouts.
Advantages & disadvantages of process layout and product layout.
Applications, quantitative techniques for optimal design of layouts, Plant
maintenance, Preventive and breakdown maintenance.
UNIT III
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT: Importance, & types of production,
applications, work study, method study & time study, Work sampling, PTMS,
macro motion study, rating techniques, MTM. Work factor system, Principles of
Ergonomics, Flow process charts, string diagrams & therbligs.
UNIT IV
STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL: Quality control, its importance, SQC,
sampling Inspection, types, control charts X and R charts, X & S charts,
their applications& numerical examples.
UNIT V
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Concept of Human Resource management,
Personnel management and industrial relations, functions of Personnel
management, Job evaluation, its importance and types, Merit rating,
quantitative methods, Wage incentive plans, types.
UNIT VI
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: Zero defect concepts, quality circles,
implementation, applications, ISO quality systems, Six sigma - Definition &
basic concepts.
UNIT VII
VALUE ANALYSIS: Value engineering, Implementation procedure, Enterprise
resource planning and Supply chain management.
UNIT VIII
PROJECT MANAGEMENT: PERT, CPM Differences and applications, Critical
path, determination of floats, importance, Project crashing, smoothing and
numerical examples.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Industrial Engineering and Management by O.P.Khanna, Khanna
Publishers.
2. Industrial Engineering and Production Management, Mart and Telsang,
S.Chand & Company Ltd.New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Operations Management by J.G.Monks, McGraw-Hill Publishers.
2. Industrial Engineering by Banga and Sharma.
3. Principles of Management by Koontz O Donnel, McGraw-Hill Publishers.
4. Statistical Quality Control by Gupta.

LESSON PLAN
COURSE : B.Tech
FACULTY NAME : J. Swarna Jyothi
SUBJECT: INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
PREREQUISITES:
General awareness about important issues of management (production,
marketing & HRM) connected to Industries.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main objective of the course is to teach the basic fundamentals of
business, the most important elements in management and to enlighten the
students on the modern issues in various functional areas of management like
production management, human resources management and marketing
management.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
By the completion of the syllabus of industrial management, the student
should be able to:
Understand the importance of various elements & theories of
management,
Gain the overall knowledge in various functions of management.
Gain insight into the most important items in production management.
Develop the ability to solve small statistical problems.
Plan:
S.NO
NO OF
HRS
DATE
TOPIC(S) PLANNED
REFERENCE
S
(BOOKS
REMARKS
WITH PAGE
NUMBERS)
UNIT
Definition and importance of

industrial engineering
Roles of an Industrial engineer

Difference between Production
management and Industrial
engineering.
Quantitative tools of IE and
Productivity measurement.
F.W.Taylors contribution to
management.
Henry Fayols contribution to
management.
Fourteen principles of Henry
Fayol.
UNIT II
Meaning and objectives of plant

layout.
10
Types of plant layouts.
11
Plant location & Factors affecting

it.
12
Optimal design of plant layouts
13
Plant maintenance
14
15
16
17
Preventive and breakdown

maintenance.
UNIT III
Importance of production & types
of production systems.
Meaning, definition & importance
of work study.
of method study.
http://indust
rialengineerin
g.wikia.com/
wiki/WorkStu
dy
URL 1
URL 2
URL 3
T1 P.no:3.2 to
3.3
T1 P.no:3.2 to
3.3
T1 P.no:3.3 to
3.5
T1 P.no:6.5
to 6.8
T1 P.no:6.7 to
6.10.
T1 P.no:6.3
to 6.4
URL 4
T3 P.no ;444
to 454
T3 P.no ;447
to 454
T3 P.no ;211
to 220
T1 P.no:8.1
to 8.3
T1 P.no:8.4
to 8.6
Work sampling its meaning &

importance.
The process of Work sampling
various steps involved.
Predetermined motion time
system(PTMS)
Micro motion & macro motion
studies & differences between
them.
18
19
20
21
22
Methods time measurement(MTM)
23
Principles of ergonomics
24
25
26
27
28
Flow charts, string diagrams &

therbligs
UNIT IV
Statistical quality control its
importance.
Inspection importance & Types
of Inspection.
Variable control charts &
attribute control charts p charts
and c charts.
X & S charts, their applications&
examples
UNIT V
29

of Human Resource
management& IR.
30
Functions of HRM.
31
Performance rating Different

methods used.
32
Job evaluation different types of

evaluation.
T1 P.no:8.20
en.wikipedia.
org
T3.P.no:191
to 195
T3 P.no 180
T3.P.no:191
to 195
URL:5
URL:6
T1 P.no:9.1,
9.4 to 9.6, T4:
P.no 140 to
144
T1 P.no:9.2 to
9.4
T1 P.no:9.6
to 9.17
T3 P.no:397
to 404
T1 P.nos 12.3
to 12.6
T1 P.nos 14.1
to 14.20
www.manage
mentstudygui
de.com
T1 P.nos
14.20 to
14.24
33
Job description & job

specification.
34
Merit rating its significance in

companies.
35
Wage incentive plans

UNIT
36
37
38
VI

of Total quality management.
Quality circles & ISO-9000 series
& procedures.
Definition & basic concepts of Six
sigma
UNIT
Value analysis & value

engineering
Implementation process of Value
Engineering
39
40
Enterprise resource planning
42
Supply chain management

UNIT
44
45
46
47
T1 P.no:9.26
& 9.27
T1 P.no:9.27
to 9.29
http://en.wik
ipedia.org/wi
ki/Six_Sigma
VII
38
43
T1 P.nos 13.2
to 13.4
T1 P.nos
14.24 to
14.26
T1
p.nos:14.10
13 & 14.12.
T3 P.no 504
to
T3 P.no:614
T3 P.no 94, &
282 to 285
T3 P.no:613 &
614
VIII
Project management & Network

analysis
Progamme evaluation and review
technique.
T1 P.nos 15.3
& 15.4
T1 P.nos 15.7
to 15.21
T1 P.nos
Critical path method probability
15.22 to
of completing the project in CPM.
15.28
Calculation of CPM & crashing in T1 P.nos 16.4
simple networks.
to 16.6
Sample
Solving problems in PERT, CPM &
problems
Project crashing.
from all the
texts
Text books, website links and magazines:

T1: Management Science by A.R.Aryasri, TATA McGraw-Hill Publications.
T2: Principles & Practice of Management by L.M.Prasad, Sultan chand & sons.
T3: Production & operations Management by K.Aswathappa & K.Shridhara
Bhat, Himalaya Publishing House.
T4: Management Science by G.Srinivasa Rao, D.Hanumantha Rao & B.Aga
Reddy, The HI TECH Publishers.
T5: Marketing management by Dr.K.Karunakaran, Himalaya publishing house.
Website links:URL 1:
http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/industrialmanagement/industrial-engineering/role-of-industrial-engineer.aspx
URL 2 :
http://wiki.answers.com /Q/
What_is_the_difference_between_production_engineer_and_manufacturin
g_engineer_and_industrial_engineer
URL 3:
http://www.jiem.org/index.php/jiem/article/view/293/252
URL 4 :
http://vixra.org/pdf/1003.0135v1.pdf
URL 5 :
http://www.danmacleod.com/ErgoForYou/10_principles_of_ergonomics.
htm
URL6:
http://in.geocities.com/time_motion_study,
http://www.professays.com/faq/
ASSIGNMENTS
UNIT-I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Explain about the importance of management?

Expand & explain POSDCORB?
Explain about the importance of fourteen principles of Henry Fayol?
Compare and analyze Maslows & Herzbergs theories of motivation?
Explain in detail about Hawthorne experiments
UNIT II
1. Explain about departmentation & decentralization?
2. Explain about different organization structures?
UNIT III
1. Explain about the importance of and factors affecting plant location?
2. What is a plant layout? Explain about any types of layouts?
UNIT IV
1. Explain about the importance of work study and its process?
2. What is performance rating? Explain about different methods of performance
rating?
3. Explain about the importance of time study?
UNIT V
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain about the importance of materials management?

What is inventory? What are the inventory classification techniques?
Explain about stores management & stores records?
What are the duties & responsibilities of a purchase manager?
UNIT VI
1. What is network analysis highlighting the importance of CPM & PERT?
2. Problems on project CPM&PERT?
3. Problems on project crashing?
UNIT VII
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain about the importance of inspection in industries?

Explain about statistical quality control?
Problems on control charts
Write short notes on the following:
A) Total Quality Management
B) ISO 9000 series

C) Acceptance sampling
UNIT VIII
1. Explain about the importance of Human Resource Management?
2. Explain about different types of job evaluation techniques?
3. Write short notes on the following:
D) Job description
E) Marketing mix
F) Product life cycle
METROLOGY & INSTRUMENTATION LAB
METROLOGY LAB :
1. Measurement of lengths, heights, diameters by vernier calipers micrometers
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
etc.
Measurement of bores by internal micrometers and dial bore indicators.
Use of gear teeth, vernier calipers and checking the chordal addendum and
chordal height of spur gear.
Machine tool alignment of test on the lathe.
Machine tool alignment test on milling machine.
Angle and taper measurements by Bevel protractor, Sine bars, etc.
Use of spirit level in finding the straightness of a bed and flatness of a
surface
Thread measurement by Two wire/ Three wire method or Tool makers
microscope.
Surface roughness measurement by Taly Surf.
INSTRUMENTATION LAB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Calibration of Pressire Gauges

Calibration of transducer for temperature measurement.
Study and calibration of LVDT transducer for displacement measurement.
Calibrationof strain gauge for temperature measurement.
Calibration of thermocouple for temperature measurement.
Calibration of capacitive transducer for angular displacement.
Study and calibration of photo and magnetic speed pickups for the
measurement of speed.
8. Calibration of resistance temperature detector for temperature
measurement.
9. Study and calibration of a rotometer for flow measurement.
10. Study and use of a Seismic pickup for the measurement of vibration
amplitude of an engine bed at various loads.
11. Study and calibration of Mcleod gauge for low pressure.
HEAT TRANSFER LAB
1. Determination of overall heat transfer coefficient of a composite slab

2. Determination of heat transfer rate through a lagged pipe.
3. Determination of heat transfer rate through a concentric sphere
4. Determination of thermal conductivity of a metal rod
5. Determination of efficiency of pin fin
6. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in forced convection
7. Determination of heat transfer coefficient in natural convection
8. Determination of effectiveness of a parallel and counter flow heat exchanger
9. Determination of emissivity of a given surface
10. Determination of Stefan Boltzman constant
11. Determination of heat transfer rate in drop and film wise condensation
12. Determination of critical heat flux
13. Demonstration of heat pipe
14. Study of two phase flow.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS & PATENTS II
UNIT I
Intellectual property law basics- types of intellectual properties- agencies responsible
for intellectual property registration- cyber crime and Ecommerce- International
aspects of computer and online crime
UNIT II
Introduction to patent law- rights and limitations- rights under patent law- patent
requirements- ownership transfer patents application process patent
infringement patent litigation International patent law Double patenting Patent
searching Patent law treaty New developments in patent law Invention developers
and promoters
UNIT III
Introduction to transactional law: Creating wealth and managing risk The
employment relationship in the internet and tech sector contact for the internet and
tech sector business assets in information age symbol and trademark - trolls and
landmines and other metaphors
UNIT IV
Regualtory, compliance and liability issues state privacy law date security privacy
issues controlling over use or misuse of intellectual property rights
BOOKS:
1. Deborah E. Bouchoux: Intellectual property.Cengage learning, New Delhi
2. Kompal Bansal and Parishit Bansal, Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers, B. S.
Publications
3. Cyberlaw.Texts and cases, south westerns special topics collection
4. Prabhuddha Ganguli : Intellectual Property Rights, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi
5. Richard Stim: Intellectual property.Cengage learning, New Delhi
6. R. Radha Krishnan, S.Bala Subramanian: Intellectual Property Rights, excel books.
New Delhi
7. M.Ashok Kumar & Mohd. Iqbal Ali - Intellectual Property Rights, Serials Pub.,

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SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN

(Approved by A.I.C.T.E. & Affiliated to J.N.T.K)

STUDENTS HAND BOOK

NAME OF THE STAFF

Mr. K. Ashok Kumar

Dr. P. Srinivasa Raju

Mr. V. Sai Surendra

Mr. V. Lakshmi Narayana

Mrs. J. Swarna Jyothi

Industrial Engg. &

Heat Transfer Lab

Mr. V. Lakshmi Narayana

IPR & Patent - II

Mr. V. Lakshmi Narayana

SCREW THREAD MEASUREMENT : Element of measurement errors in screw

SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN :: BHIMAVARAM

Systems of limits and fits:

deviations, allowance, fits and

hole and shaft basis systems

Interchangeability and selective

Sine table, rollers and spheres

Taper, profile and position

optical flats and their uses.

Interference of light, Michalesons

NPL gauge interferometer

Optical flat and auto collimator.

total composite error and tooth to

concept of virtual effective

Measurement of thread pitch

Profile thread gauges.

Alignment tests on milling

Alignment tests on drilling

1. a) Define the term Metrology as applied to Engineering Industry. State its

7. Describe how liquid surface interferometer be used to measure flatness of a surface

2. a) Name the various instruments required for performing alignment tests on

INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENT : Various types of stress and strain measurements

To analyze the performance of an instrument with the help of performance

Introduction to ICS, Syllabus

T3-30, 31,32 R7253

Classification, Liquid in glass

UNIT III (MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE)

Types of flow measuring

Rate meters Contd.

Rotameter, magnetic flow

T3-127, 128 R7712

Stroboscope, Noncontact type

MEASUREMENT OF ACCELERATION AND VIBRATION

UNIT VI (STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENTS)

Strain gauge circuits

Strain gauge Rosettes

MEASUREMENT OF FORCE,TORQUE AND POWER

Elastic force meters, load

UNIT VIII (ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS)

Open and closed systems

Examples of control systems

Temperature, speed &

5. (a) What is a Transducer? Explain why the output of a transducer should be in

(b) Explain the working of LVDT by means of neat sketches

5. (a) Explain the principle of seismic instrument. Derive an expression to measure

(c) Explain one method of temperature compensation using an adjacent arm

DESIGN OF MACHINE MEMBERS II

3. Data Books : (I) P.S.G. College of Technology (ii) Mahadevan