INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electrical Engineering

END AUTUMN SEMESTER EXAMINATION-2011
Date: 23.11.2011
Time: 3 hours
Sub. Name: Signals & Networks

Full Marks: 100

No. of Students: 240

Sub. No. EE21101

Instructions: Answer any five questions.

1. (a) State Millman's theorem.

(2)

(b) The initial energy in the circuit of Fig. Q 1(b) is zero at t = 0. Assume that

vs (t) = 5u(t) V .

Find Vo(s) using Thevenin's theorem. Apply initial and final value theorems to find vo (0) and

vo(oo). Obtain the expression of vJt).

(4+2+2)
IF

vit)

Fig. Ql(b)
(c) An R-L-C series circuit is to be used to estimate the coefficient of the third harmonic of a

square wave signal. Draw the required connection showing the input and output terminals. If
the square wave has amplitude of 1OV and frequency of 50 Hz and the value of the
capacitance is 30 pF then fmd the required value of the inductance. Given a choice over the
value of the quality factor (Q), which value will you choose: Q = 1.0 or Q = 10.0? Justify
(1+1+1+1+1)
your answer. Find out the value of R for the chosen value of Q.
(d) Find the transmission (ABCD) parameters of the network shown in Fig. Q1(d). Consider
(5)
the transformer as an ideal one.

12.50

Fig. Ql(d)

2. (a) A load impedance Zo is connected at the output port (port 2) of a two port network. Find

the expression of the input impedance ( Zi) of the network in terms of its ABCD parameter
and the load impedance. State the condition under which Zi and Zo can be called image
impedances. If Zi and Z o are image impedances and Zi)s the input impedance with the
output port open and Zis is the input impedance with the output port short circuited, show
that

z = \flz
1

10

z .
15

(2+1+4)

2. (b) A current pulse shown in Fig. Q2(b)(i) is applied to the R-L circuit shown in Fig. Q2(b)(ii).
Represent the current pulse in Laplace domain. Find the expression of the response i0 (t).

(2+4)

is(t), A

!io

2.0 ................

20

1.0 ................................. .

2.0

1H

t, sec

Fig. Q2(b)(i)

Fig. Q2(b )(ii)

(c) For the network shown in Fig. Q2(c), draw the oriented graph. Considering branches 4, 5
and 6 as the twigs, write the fundamental cut-set matrix. Using this matrix, find the values of
all the branch voltages.
(1+2+4)

Fig. Q2(c)

3. (a) If the circuit shown in Fig. Q3(a-ii) is an equivalent representation of the coupled circuit
shown in Fig. Q3(a-i), find the values of the inductances L1. L2 and L12. Consider the initial
(5)
currents through the inductors to be zero.

1'0---~~------------~--~2'

Fig. Q3 (a-i)

Fig. Q3 (a-ii)

(b) (i) Define tree and fundamental tie-set of a linear graph.

(2)
(ii) If an unconnected graph is formed by 'p' connected sub graphs and has a total of n + 1
(2)
nodes, then prove that the total number 9ftwigs of the graph is (n- p + 1).
(iii) If the circuit matrix and the cut-set matrix of a linear graph are denoted by Ba and Qa
respectively, then prove that QaB~ = 0
(3)
(c) Draw the circuit diagram of an active high pass filter consisting of only one operational
amplifier.
(2)

3. (d) The open circuit impedance (Z) parameters of the two port networks - network A and
network B are given below:

[4
za-2
b-3
[1 5'2] . z-

3]

The networks are connected in cascade. Using the definition find the overall Z parameters of
the composite network. Do not use conversion to any other parameter.
{6)
4. (a) In the circuit shown in Fig. Q4(a), the switch K was closed at time t = -oo, thus connecting
the voltage source, vs (t) = 10 sin 314t to the R-L-C circuit. The switch is opened at time

t = 12.5ms. Draw the circuit just after the switching (opening of the switch) in Laplace
(1+3)
domain. Find the time domain expression of the voltage across the inductor.

10000
vs (t) =
10sin314t

100
mH

Fig. Q4(a)

(b) The short circuit admittance parameters of the two-port network (N) shown in Fig. Q4(b)
are Yll = 5 S, Y22 = 1 S, Yt2 = Y21 = -2 S. Find the average power delivered to the two port
(4)
network.

20V

Fig. Q4(b)

(c) The fundamental cut-set matrix for a linear graph is given below. What is the number of
nodes of the graph? Find the corresponding fundamental loop matrix. Using these matrices,
(1+2+2)
write the Kirchoffs Current Law and Kirchoffs Voltage Law for the network.

Q=

1 0 0 -1

1 -1

0 0

0 0 0 0 -1 1
0 1 0 -1 1 0

(d) (i) Draw a band pass filter circuit using general impedance converter (GIC). Find its
(1 +2+1)
transfer function and show the band pass operation.
(ii) Design a GIC band pass filter with.fo =25kHz, Q = 8.7 and 0 dB mid band gain.
(3)

11

an appropriate Flourescent lamp and work out the numbell of lamps required. Plan the
layout and sketch. Each lamp measures 1.25 m in length.
(06)

Lamp Data
Sl. No.

LumenOu ut Power Out ut

1000 lm
18W
800 lm
I 14W
2900 lm
I 28W
2000 lm
I 40W
5600 lm
I 70W
140W
14500 lm

1.

2.
3.
4.

5.
6.

Q4

3Q

Vs =50V,
50Hz

~~

I
I
I

lOO!J.F
Fig4

Determine 'L' for 'I: to be

in phase with V s in the
lOQ
circuit shown In fig; 1(a)
and estimate the power
delivered by the source.
j10Q Also draw the complete
phasor diagram inqicating
phasors V s.I ,I 1, I2 and
Vt.

(10)

Jhase transformer are : (i) OC Test :

Q 5) Test results on a 200 V I 600 V, 20 kVA single

200 V, 12 A and 240 W. (ii) S.C Test: 100 V, 33i A and 1200 W. Draw the relevant
circuit diagrams for both the tests. Determine the eq}livalent circuit representation of the
transformer. Determine the terminal voltages and cuirents on both sides under 50 CJ? load,
if load power factor is 0.9 lagging.
i
./
(10)

/.

5. (a) Present the modulation property of Fourier transform. In, the light of this result explain how
(1 +4)
signals may be communicated over a distance using modulation and demodulation.
(b) For a series R,L,C circuit (with R =IOOQ, L=10mH and C=1)lF) obtain the transfer
(3)
function between vout = vc and the excitation voltage vin.

(c)What is a Bode plot? The asymptotic approximation of the Bode (magnitude) plot of a
system is found to have comer frequencies at OJ= 0.1, 1, and 4 radls, with the slopes, in
db/decade, being -20 for OJ< 0.1, -40 for 0.1 <OJ< 1, -20 for 1 <OJ< 4, and -60 for OJ> 4.
Further, it is seen that (i) the asymptotic plot magnitude is 20 db at OJ= 0.1, and (ii) the
actual magnitude plot exceeds the asymptotic one by about 7 db for OJ~ 4. Assuming the
(1 +5)
zeros to be all in the left half plane, fmd the transfer function of the system.
(d) What is meant by transient response? What are the features that characterize such a

response? Explain how the transient response of the RLC circuit considered in. 5(b) above
can be obtained experimentally in the laboratory.
(1+2+3)
6. (a) Define Laplace Transform of a signal. Obtain the same for a signal given by
0,
O>t

t,

O~t<1

x(t) = 1,

1 ~t<2

3-t,

0,
What is its ROC?

2~t<3

t;?:3
(1+4+1)

(b) Define transfer function for an LTI system. In the light of the convolution theorem explain
(1+2)
the practical significance ofthis definition.
(c) Define stability of a system. Explain how the same can be ascertained for a system from
(1 +2)
the ROC of its transfer function.
(d) Does H(s)

= (s -1)/((s + 1)(s- 2))

represent some (i) stable, (ii) stable as well as causal,

system? Explain your answer.

(3)

(e) The input x(t) and output y(t) of a causal LTI system with impulse response h(t)are

related as
y(t) + (1 + a)ji(t) + a(l + a)y(t) + a 2 y(t) = x(t)

For what real values of a is the system guaranteed to be stable? Further, if g(t) = h(t) + h(t),
how many poles does G(s) have?
(3+2)

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