Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ACS800-77LC manuals
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Code (EN)
3AUA0000040012
3AUA0000023485
3AUA0000075077
3AFE64670646
3AFE68420075
OPTION MANUALS
Manuals for Fieldbus Adapters, I/O Extension Modules etc
RETA-01 Ethernet Adapter Module Users Manual
3AFE64539736
3AFE64605062
3AUA0000020296
3AFE68464251
3AFE64484567
3AUA0000040012 Rev B
EN
EFFECTIVE: 2010-10-11
Table of contents
ACS800-77LC manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Table of contents
About this manual
What this chapter contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Target audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Purpose of the manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Contents of this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Contents of other related manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
DriveWindow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Product and service inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Product training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Providing feedback on ABB Drives manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Abbreviations and terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
System description
What this chapter contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Components of a wind turbine converter system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ACS800-77LC (back-to-back) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Full-converter system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control of generator power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operational speed range of a typical wind turbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control of reactive power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asynchronous generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview of wind turbine converter interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Converter control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fieldbus control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Block diagram of the main circuit with printed circuit boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printed circuit board connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cabinet layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency stop of category 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Category 0 definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Implementation of category 0 stop in the wind turbine converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Applicable standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
15
15
16
17
18
19
19
20
22
23
23
23
24
25
25
27
28
28
28
28
28
29
29
Table of contents
Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grid fault ride-through . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grid codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Example limit curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Description of parameter settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold start (-30 C +10 C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Normal start (-30 C +10 C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
29
30
35
36
36
36
37
37
38
Communication interface
What this chapter contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General about communication and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Digital I/O in the INU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethernet communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage reference UAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alarm and fault clearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flux reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mailbox writing to the ISU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mailbox reading of ISU and INU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Starting sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Polarities of reference and actual values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Examples of control sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault reset, system start and stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Normal system start and stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signals in the Modbus link with the NWPM-01 module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
From the WTC to the ABB converter with NWPM-01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
From ABB to the WTC with NWPM-01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing of the signals in Modbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use of Modbus facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing of modbus telegrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data types in Modbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing of Modbus telegrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
39
40
41
42
42
43
43
44
44
46
47
48
48
49
50
50
52
56
56
56
56
56
57
58
Start-up
What this chapter contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Start-up procedure flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. FIRST STEPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HARDWARE SET-UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONNECTING DriveWindow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. SETTING THE GRID-SIDE CONVERTER PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents
61
61
62
63
63
63
63
64
66
PREPARATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE INTERNAL COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP TEMPERATURE ALARM AND TRIP LEVELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE GRID FAULT RIDE-THROUGH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. SETTING THE GENERATOR-SIDE CONVERTER PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PREPARATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE INTERNAL COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE GRID-SIDE IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE ADAPTIVE PROGRAM CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE GENERATOR START-UP DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE GENERATOR CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. OPERATIONAL LOCAL TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PREPARATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING UP THE FIELDBUS COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONVERTER LOCAL TESTING WITH SCALAR CONTROL MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONVERTER LOCAL TESTING WITH DTC CONTROL MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. FINALIZING THE PARAMETRIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING THE GRID-SIDE CONVERTER PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SETTING THE GENERATOR-SIDE CONVERTER PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. OPERATIONAL REMOTE TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONVERTER REMOTE TESTING WITH FIELDBUS COMMUNICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EMERGENCY STOP CIRCUIT TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. FINAL OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ETHERNET CONNECTION TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BACKUP AND RESTORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66
66
66
66
68
68
68
68
68
69
69
70
70
70
71
72
73
73
73
74
74
74
75
75
75
77
77
77
77
77
77
79
79
79
79
79
79
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
81
81
81
Table of contents
How to set the maximum speed limit (parameters 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED and 20.11 FREQ TRIP
MARGIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Wind turbine converter in speed control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Wind turbine converter in torque control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Calculation equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Example of calculating the value for parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Effect of maximum speed limitation on the generator torque reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Overvoltage controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Calculation of the pole-pair number of an asynchronous generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
How to calculate nominal frequency when slip is given . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
How to run the generator as a motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Current measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Why does actual signal 01.06 LINE CURRENT indicate a no-load current? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
How to configure the NETA-01 Ethernet Adapter Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
How to create a full Backup Package and save it in the .BPG format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
What is a Backup Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
How to restore a backup file into the RMIO board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
How to save a parameter file (.dwp) to the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
How to download parameters into the wind turbine converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Tracing the source of warnings, limits and faults
What this chapter contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Torque limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Speed limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How to identify the fault and what to do in a specific fault situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LEDs of the wind turbine converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warning and fault messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How to check the line voltage measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
98
98
98
98
99
Table of contents
Safety instructions
ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (back-to-back) hardware manual
(3AUA0000023485 [English]) contains the general safety instructions that must be
followed during installation, start-up, maintenance and use of the wind turbine
converter.
Target audience
This manual is intended for people who start-up, use and service the converter.
Read the manual before working on the wind turbine converter. You are expected to
know the fundamentals of electricity, wiring, electrical components and electrical
schematic symbols.
Applicability
This manual describes the ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (back-to-back).
The manual applies to:
System Control Program version AQSW7XXX
Grid-side Control Program version IWXR73XX
later versions of the programs.
10
11
safety
operation basics
hardware description
mechanical installation
electrical installation
installation checklist
maintenance
technical data.
Grid-side control program for ACS800 wind turbine converters firmware manual
(3AUA0000075077 [English])
This manual describes the program controlling the grid-side converter. The following chapters apply to
the grid-side converter of ACS800-77LC (back-to-back):
Fault tracing.
Fault tracing.
Interface Description
This is a technical specification which describes the customer-specific data set receive and transmit
addresses for fieldbus communication.
Option manuals
The option manuals describe the options.
12
DriveWindow
DriveWindow 2 Users Manual (3BFE64560981 [English]) describes the use of the
DriveWindow PC tool.
Product training
For information on ABB product training, navigate to www.abb.com/drives and select
Training courses on the right pane.
13
Explanation
ACU
AINT
Main Circuit Interface Board. Interface for RMIO and main circuit.
APBU
PPCS Branching Unit. Branches commands and information from the INU and ISU
RMIO boards to the respective converters. Likewise, the communication from INU
and ISU converters is transmitted to their RMIO boards via the branching units.
DDCS
DTC
INU
IGBT
ISU
LCL
NAMU
Auxiliary Measuring Unit. Performs optional grid voltage measurement for IGBT
supply unit RMIO board (+F276).
NDBU
DDCS Branching Unit. Branches the commands and information from the WTA
RMIO board to the ISU RMIO board(s). Likewise, the communication is
transmitted in the contrary direction.
NETA
NWPM
PPCS
R8i
RAIO
Analogue I/O Extension Module. Provides additional analogue inputs and outputs.
RDCO
RDCU
Drive Control Unit. The RMIO board is encapsulated in a casing called RDCU
Drive Control Unit. The unit is fastened with two screws onto a DIN rail leaving the
input and output terminals of the RMIO board accessible.
RDIO
RETA
RMBA
RMIO
Motor Control and I/O Board. The wind turbine converter is equipped with one
RMIO board for controlling the inverter unit(s) and one RMIO board for each IGBT
supply unit.
The board contains the control program and the input and output control
connections for the unit(s) it is connected to. In ACS800-77LC, the user I/O
connections are wired from the RMIO boards to the right-hand side of the wind
turbine converter cabinet for easier installation.
The RMIO boards are located in the ACU cubicle.
The RMIO board is commonly used in ACS800 series products.
RRIA
THD
14
Abbreviation
Explanation
UPS
15
System description
General
Components of a wind turbine converter system
The components of a wind turbine converter system are shown below.
Gear box
User control cabinet
Rotor
Nacelle
Blade
Generator
Transformer
Yaw motors
System description
16
ACS800-77LC (back-to-back)
ACS800-77LC (back-to-back) is a liquid-cooled converter for controlling AC
generators in wind turbine applications. It can be used with squirrel-cage induction
generators. The converter is totally enclosed, the degree of protection is IP54 as
standard.
The converter is designed to be installed in a downtower service room of the turbine.
The converter is connected between the generator and the power line. Full
generator power flows through the converter (refer to section Full-converter system,
page 17). The system is typically equipped with a gearbox between the generator
and wind turbine rotor to adapt the generator speed to the turbine rotor speed. The
converter adapts to the slightly varying generator speed and ensures that the
frequency and phasing of the current fed to the supply line match the power line
frequency and phase.
A block diagram of the converter system is shown below.
ACS800-77LC (back-to-back)
Generator
-side
converter
Grid-side
converter
DC and filter
Main
circuit
breaker
Converter control
1024 kV,
50/60 Hz
Medium voltage
switchgear
Gearbox
Generator
Brake
Rotor
bearing
System description
Pitch
drive
Line coupling
transformer
Fieldbus
17
Full-converter system
In a windmill, the turbine rotor transforms kinetic wind power into rotational shaft
power. Respectively, the generator transfers the mechanical power on its shaft to
electric AC current. The converter converts the AC current from the generator to DC
current and back to AC current which it feeds to the electrical power network. The
system enables speed and torque control of the generator shaft and independent
active and reactive current control at the grid side. A full-converter system differs
greatly from a system where power is fed directly from the generator stator to the
electrical power network and the frequency and speed of the generator are tightly
bound to the power network.
The full-converter system control principle is illustrated in the figure below.
P = T
I T
P nwind3
DC
ISU
Tref
INU control
Generator
Pitch
drive
System description
18
2 n
60
where
P
In normal operation, the converter controls the generator torque. The overriding
turbine controller gives a torque reference to the converter which generates a
specific torque on the generator shaft. Simultaneously, wind rotates the turbine and
generates a counter-torque on the generator shaft. The wind power defines the
rotation speed to which the converter adapts. The overriding turbine controller
defines the needed torque reference as a function of wind speed and turbine
characteristics. An example power-speed-curve is shown below. It illustrates the
operational speed range of the turbine between the cut-in and cut-out speeds. Cut-in
speed is the minimum wind speed at which power generation is reasonable. Cut-out
speed is the maximum operating speed.
Generator speed (rpm)
Power optimization
Power limitation
1600
2400
1400
2100
1200
1800
1000
1500
800
1200
600
900
400
600
200
300
0
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
System description
Cut-out speed
19
A speed reference is needed, for example, to run the rotor to a certain position for
maintenance. This control method is not suitable for continuous power generation.
The converter speed control attains the desired speed by giving an internal torque
reference that matches the desired shaft speed.
Operational speed range of a typical wind turbine
Wind power increases cubically as wind speed increases:
Pw =
cp( , )
2
Ar vw3
where
Pw
wind power
air density
cp
Ar
rotor surface
vw
wind speed.
System description
20
1500
1000
Converter
nominal power
Reactive
power
capability at
nominal power
500
500
1000
1500
2000
P (kW)
-500
-1000
-1500
Asynchronous generator
An asynchronous generator needs a magnetizing current to generate magnetic flux
inside the generator. The generator-side converter feeds this magnetizing current to
the generator. When the converter stops modulating, the flux gradually disappears
and the voltage at the generator terminals diminishes close to zero.
System description
21
The example below illustrates the generator speed control in different wind speed
ranges.
Generator shaft speed when
gearbox is used (rpm)
Rotor speed
(rpm)
Shut-down by turbine safety system nA
Shut-down by turbine control system n4
n3
n2
nr
Operating range
n1n3 within which the
rotational speed is
under normal operating
conditions
2100
1900
1700
900
n1
Vin
Vr
Wind speed
(m/s)
Vout VA
n2
= set value of the speed used above rated wind speed Vr. The rotational speed deviates upwards
or downwards from n2 only by the standard tolerance.
n3
n4
nA
= activation speed ie, the rotational speed at which the turbine safety system must be triggered
immediately.
System description
22
The wind turbine controller (WTC) controls the converter using the converter main
control word. For more information, refer to chapter Communication interface, page
39.
The start-up procedure of the converter is performed with the DriveWindow PC tool.
With the NETA Ethernet adapter, the user can remotely monitor the converter fault
diagnostic data loggers and change control program parameters numbered below
100. For more information, see NETA-01 Ethernet Adapter Module User-s Manual
(3AFE64605062 [English]).
System description
23
Converter control
General
The wind turbine controller operates as the overriding controller of the wind turbine
converter. It is connected to the RMIO board of the generator-side converter via
fieldbus. The generator-side converter control program controls the generator-side
converter according to the references and commands sent by the overriding
controller.
The generator-side converter RMIO board communicates with the grid-side
converter RMIO board and its grid-side control program.
The transmitted and received actual signals and parameters are shown in chapter
Communication interface, page 58.
Fieldbus control
The fieldbus control of the grid-side converter is performed via the generator-side
converter RMIO board. The principle of reference and actual value chains in the
control are shown in the diagram below. For a detailed diagram with parameter
names, refer to chapter Communication interface, page 58.
System description
24
System description
25
Coolant
Description
Charging components
DC fuses
AC fuses
System description
26
Coolant
7
3
System description
Description
Inverter modules
Customer communications
DC fuses
27
Block diagram
The printed circuit board connections are shown below.
System description
28
Safety
Emergency stop of category 0
Note: Because of customers request, in wind turbine converters manufactured
since January 2010 there is no safety relay installed in the emergency stop circuit.
For this reason, the converter does not comply with the European Low Voltage
Directive according to emergency stop requirements in standards EN 61800-5-1 and
EN 60204-1. Ensure that the aforementioned requirements are fulfilled and the
emergency stop circuit functions properly before commissioning the converter.
The wind turbine converter is equipped with an emergency stop function of category
0 as standard.
Category 0 definition
EN 60204-1 defines category 0 emergency stop as a stop by immediate removal of
power to machine actuators.
Implementation of category 0 stop in the wind turbine converter
The category 0 emergency stop opens the air circuit breaker(s) and the optional
contactor(s) switching off the supply power and coasting the generator to stop.
Applicable standards
The emergency stop complies with the following standards:
EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part
1: General requirements
EN 418:1992, Safety of machinery Emergency stop equipment, functional
aspects Principles for design
EN ISO 12100:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for
design
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems
Part 1: General principles for design
EN ISO 13849-2:2003, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control
systems Part 2: Validation.
System description
29
Operation
The category 0 emergency stop ie, immediate removal of power, operates as
follows.
L1 L2 L3
230 VAC
Emergency stop pushbutton (not included in
the delivery)
Air circuit
breaker
Optional
contactor
G
3~
Wiring
Wire the emergency stop and reset push-buttons to connector X5 at the side of the
wind turbine converter cabinet. See the circuit diagram delivered with the converter.
Start-up
See EMERGENCY STOP CIRCUIT TEST on page 74.
Use
To activate the emergency stop:
Push the emergency stop push-button.
System description
30
What to do
1.
What happens
WARNING!
3.
4.
System description
31
IP_GEN
WTT
=
LCL
GND
WPT
II
ISU
INU
ASG
GB
ACS800-77LC (back-to-back)
III
1.2
1.0
0.9
1.11 MAINS VOLTAGE (ISU)
Under overvoltage control, the converter does not follow the torque reference given
by the WTC during the grid fault ride-through event but tries to keep the torque as
high as possible. Therefore, the turbine rotor speed may rise and the pitch control
must keep the generator speed in the allowed range (defined by parameters 20.01
MINIMUM SPEED and 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED). Otherwise, the wind turbine
converter will trip.
System description
32
The diagram below illustrates the converter performance during a GFRT when the
brake chopper is not used:
I
II
III
P.U.
DC OVERVOLT TRIP
1.2
DC OVERVOLT LIM
1.0
UDC link
OV ENABLE LIMIT
0.9
IQ_GRID
IP_GRID = IP_GEN
0.5
UL-L_GRID
0
0
150
250
ms
0.9
Within ZONE I:
Grid fault is detected by the ISU and "RT bit" is set to one (line number 1). "RT bit"
can be read via grid-side converter (ISU) parameter 8.01 MAIN STATUS WORD
(bit 11 indicates the states of the RT function).
ISU modulation may stop for a while during the first cycle after a grid fault
introduced to avoid an overcurrent tripping situation (depending the severity of
the grid fault):
System description
33
- Converter operation during a grid fault event if the ISU modulation stops:
i
DC link voltage (line number 2) may reach the upper limit of UDC OV
CTRL (overvoltage control). When this limit is reached the generator actual
shaft torque is limited down to zero by the generator-side converter (INU).
ii
ISU starts to modulate and the GFRT function of the ISU is activated
(IP_GRID,IP_GEN (line number 3) and/or IPQ_GRID (line number 4) control). The QREF or VREF (line number 5) reference value sent from the
WTC to the ISU is neglected.
iii
PREF or TREF (line number 6) value sent from the WTC to the INU is used
as reference. However, the actual generator shaft torque might be limited
by the INU control to avoid a converter overvoltage tripping situation.
- Converter operation during a grid fault event if the ISU modulation does not
stop:
i
DC link voltage (line number 2) may cross the lower level of UDC OV
CTRL. If this limit is reached, the INU starts to limiting the actual torque of
the generator to keep the level of DC link voltage within the acceptable
level (between upper and lower level of UDC OV CTRL).
ii
iii
PREF or TREF (line number 6) value sent from the WTC to the INU is
used as reference. However, the actual generator shaft torque might be
limited by the INU control to avoid a converter overvoltage tripping situation.
System description
34
0.9
0
40.13 RT U/Un DELTA t1
150
t [ms]
40.14 RT U/Un DELTA t2
1350
If mains voltage is below level 2, the converter trips on the RT NET LOST fault.
Defines the maximum time (t1) the grid voltage is allowed to stay under the level
defined by 40.10 RT U/Un LEVEL1.
Defines the time (t2) after which the RT NET LOST trip level starts to increase
from level 2 to level 1.
Defines grid support level 1. When the voltage falls below level 1, the grid is supported by feeding reactive capacitive current.
Defines grid support level 2. When the voltage falls below level 2, the grid is supported by feeding reactive capacitive.
Defines grid support level 3. When the voltage falls below level 3, the grid is supported by feeding reactive capacitive current.
Defines grid support level 4. When the voltage falls below level 4, the grid is supported by feeding reactive capacitive.
Defines the reactive current for 41.03 GS U/Un LEVEL 1. Value in percent of
04.05 CONV NOM CURRENT.
Defines the reactive current for 41.04 GS U/Un LEVEL 2. Value in percent of
04.05 CONV NOM CURRENT.
Defines the reactive current for 41.05 GS U/Un LEVEL 3. Value in percent of
04.05 CONV NOM CURRENT.
System description
35
Defines the reactive current for 41.06 GS U/Un LEVEL 4. Value in percent of
04.05 CONV NOM CURRENT.
Defines the torque ramping time for the generator when overvoltage control is
activated (eg if 124.17 OV GEN SIDE STEP is set to 0.1, the nominal torque
(100%) is not restored until 1000 ms).
The RT area in the voltage dip drawing above is defined with parameters 40.10,
40.11, 40.13, and 40.14. If the grid transient lasts longer than defined by time
parameters, the converter trips on the RT NET LOST fault.
Grid codes
Grid codes are defined typically at the high or medium voltage side of the
transmission grid. The transmission grid configuration determines how the grid
codes are reflected to the low voltage side. The turbine manufacturer is responsible
for fulfilling the requirements of the transmission system operator.
The wind turbine converter is an important factor in the turbine operation and fulfilling
the grid codes. ACS800-77LC (back-to-back) has been tested according to the
applicable parts of the following grid codes:
REE P.O.12.3
Grid code for high and extra high voltage, 1st April 2006.
System description
36
Limit line 1
100
Ride-through required, no
reactive power requirement
Ride-through and reactive
power required
Tripping
Limit line 2
Normal operation
0
0
t1
t2
t3 Time
Fault occurs
Heating
The wind turbine converter is not equipped with a heating element. Thus, it must be
heated using the coolant circuit. The external liquid cooling unit shall be equipped
with a heater capable of heating the converter up within a reasonable time.
Temperatures in each cubicle are monitored separately by using thermostats with a
fixed set-point of 10 5 C. The heating control logic of the converter requests the
starting of the pump/heating from the external cooling unit. The heating request (+24
V DC = heating, 0 V = no heating) is wired to pin 16 on terminal X5 at the side of the
wind turbine converter cabinet.
Note: The cooling unit must always be equipped with a proper overtemperature
protection device(s).
The operation of the converter temperature control logic is described below in two
different circumstances: cold start and normal start.
System description
37
System description
38
Circuit diagram
The diagram below shows the principle of the heating control logic of the wind
turbine converter.
System description
39
Communication interface
What this chapter contains
This chapter includes control sequence examples using the ABB Drives
communication profile. The Main Control Word (MCW) is the principal means of
controlling the wind turbine converter from an external control system. The Control
Word is sent to the converter by the external control system. The converter switches
between its states according to the bit-coded instructions of the Control Word. The
Main Status Word (MSW) contains status information, sent to the external control
system by the converter.
The following non-standard software functions are also described: power reference,
voltage reference UAC, alarm and fault clearing, and mailbox writing to the ISU.
Communication interface
40
HPPP - High
Performance
ParkPilot
I-Box
Ethernet adapter
module
SLOT1
RETA-01
Modbus/TCP
INU
RS485 38.4 kBaud
HW signals
HW signals
ISU
EMERGENCY STOP
relay outputs
(RO3)
RAIO-01
AI/O EXTENSION
MODULE
SLOT2
RDCO
PPCC
DDCS
R8i
DC
R8i
APBU
R8i
R8i
R8i
R8i
R8i
LCL
Modbus adapter
module
DDCS module
DDCS INU-ISU
PPCC
APBU
MCB
NWPM-01
RDCO
DDCS module
690 V
HEALTHY SIGNAL
R8i
PT100
R8i
PT100
The WTC system controls the converter via the Modbus fieldbus and it is needed
only between the WTC and the INU. The converter system has internal
communication links between the INU and ISU.
The Main Control Word is a common control to start and stop system.
The system includes also HW signal digital input DI2 RUN ENABLE to stop the
system if the communication link is out of order. Also the fault indication is wired from
relay output RO3 from the INU to the WTC.
Digital I/O in the INU
The emergency stop function is wired to DI1 of the INU. The control for this comes
from WTC.
Relay Output 3 is used as the HEALTHY signal using the closing contact. When RO3
is energized, it means that the status is HEALTHY (no faults).
Communication interface
41
Power reference
Power reference is sent either from the WTC or HPPP Park Control. The power
reference source is selected from the WTC.
432:(55()$''
45()6(/(&7
432:(55()6(/
3(5&(17
N9$U
36,,
&263+,
,B55()
8B$&5()
432:(55()
3$5$0
$,
$,
$,
3$5$0
5$03,1*
432:(55()
432:5$0383
432:5$03'2:1
3,
)OX[UHIIRU
K\VWHUHVLV
FRQWURO
5($&7,9(32:(5
432:(55()6(/ ,B55()
,B55()LQSXW
RI
,&219B120
/3)
VTUW
432:(55()RXWSXW
RI3&219B120
120&855(17 0$,1692/7$*(
12032:(5
432:(55()6(/ 8B$&5()
8B$&5()LQSXW
RI
8$&B120
3,
/3)
$&&75*$,1
$&&75,17(*7,0(
432:(55()
RXWSXW
RI
3&219B120
3,FRQWUROOHURXWSXW
432:(55()
12092/7$*( 0$,1692/7$*(
Power reference is ramped up during the start sequence to guarantee soft starting.
The power reference chain includes the PI regulator to compensate losses of the
converter system. A small correction term of the PI regulator output is added to
POWER REF from the WTC. However, in case of a network dip situation, POWER
REF follows a minimum value of POWER REF FROM WTC, P LIMITED or
Temperature limited power reference (limited according to the inlet temperature of
the ISU). The power reference can also be fine-tuned with a scaling factor and an
offset term.
Communication interface
42
ADD
POWER REF
FROM WTC
POWER REF
MIN
ADD
SUB
PI
LIM
Ethernet communication
The power set point from the HPPP is not actually used by the converter. However,
the power set point value from the HPPP is transferred via MODBUS/TCP to the ISU
and further to the INU to be read by the WTC via the RS485 modbus link (see signal
5.04 in the INU).
Address for the power reference from the HPPP is 41903 in the WTC (parameter
19.01 DATA 1 in the ISU).
Address for the voltage reference from the HPPP is 41902 in the WTC (parameter
19.02 DATA 2 in the ISU).
Main Status Word of the converter can be read from address 41903 to the HPPP
(parameter 19.03 DATA 3 in the ISU).
Communication interface
43
I1
WR-I
TRIGG
+7.01.11
GROUP
C103
INDEX
I2
C0
C0
C28
I3
IN
103.28
CLEAR 5 LATEST
ALARMS AND
FAULTS
Flux reference
The flux reference is scaled:
010000 units from the WTC equals 0100% of the flux reference.
Input for the reference is parameter 19.04 DATA 4. The application program rescales
input to 27.03 FLUX REF by dividing it by 10. Then it equals parameter 27.03 FLUX
REF scaling. Refer to the INU software manual for more details.
At start-up, the reference is kept at 100% for a period of time defined by parameter
40.10 START FLUX T to ensure smooth starting.
Communication interface
44
ADVANT COMMUNICATION
Mailbox communication
INU
Transmit data
Transmit to
Address
Extended mailbox
mailbox function
Extended mailbox
function
Transmit data
Transmit to
Address
Inquire from
Address
ISU
Transmit data
Transmit to
Address
Inquire from
Address
Transmit Address
feedback
PARAMETER
TABLE
Inquired Address
feedback
Inquired data
Communication interface
45
The corresponding dataset is updated if the transmit and return addresses are the
same, in other words, the requested ISU parameter exists.
READ FROM DS
ADVANT COMMUNICATION
Mailbox communication with NWPM-01
INU
SELECTOR
Application runs through each parameter,
checks if reading is from INU (<10000) or ISU
(>10000).
PARAMETER
TABLE
Datasets 27 - 39
Inquired Data is written to datasets that
correspond to parameters 93.07-93.27
Check that inquiry
address and
feedback are equal
DS33:3
DS33:2
DS33:1
Inquire from
Address
DS32:3
ISU
DS32:1
Transmit to
Address (not used)
DS32:2
Transmit data
(not used)
Transmit data
Transmit to
Address
Inquire from
Address
Transmit Address
feedback
PARAMETER
TABLE
Inquired Address
feedback
Inquired data
Communication interface
46
Starting sequence
The starting sequence of the wind turbine converter is shown below.
Communication interface
47
Cable connection:
Wind
Turbine
Controller
U2
V2
W2
19.01 DATA 1
Power reference
U
V
W
Positive reference in
25.01 TORQ REF A
causes power
generation to the
network when the rotor
of the generator rotates
clockwise.
Power actual
+ = to network
- = to generator
*)
ISU
Sign: + act
19.02 DATA 2
Voltage reference
Cable connection:
U2
V2
W2
Positive reference in
25.01 TORQ REF A
causes power
generation to the
network when the rotor
of the generator rotates
counterclockwise.
V
U
W
19.03 DATA 3
Reactive current
reference
19.04 DATA 4
Flux reference
1.01
MOTOR SPEED FILT
Sign: + act
Power reference is sent from the WTC to the INU as relative reference: value 10000
= 1.2 x nominal power of the generator. This reference is divided by speed to
calculate torque reference to input 25.01 TORQUE REF A.
Communication interface
48
Command
MCW
command
Comments
NA
Fault situation
Fault
RESET
4F7h
Fault is reset
RDY ON
476h
CHARGE
477h
RDY RUN
1477h
RDY REF
147Fh
Stop INU
1477h
Stop ISU
modulation
477h
Open ISU
main
breaker
476h
Communication interface
49
Command
MCW
command
Comments
RDY ON
476h
At Ready On state
waiting for starting of
the system
CHARGE
477h
RDY RUN
1477h
RDY REF
147Fh
Stop INU
1477h
Stop ISU
modulation
477h
Open ISU
main
breaker
476h
The Line Supply Unit modulation can be separately started and stopped after the
charging by using 7.01 MCW bit 12. This is selected by parameter 95.06 LSU RUN
MCW BIT = 12. The system can be stopped freely according to the following
diagram and also using the HW-based converter shut down (main supply
disconnection).
Communication interface
50
Inactive
Reset by MCW = 0x4F7, if fault is indicated in MSW 8.01 b3 = TRUE.
To Ready On state: MCW = 0x476
Turbine ready to produce energy / Start charging: MCW = 0x477
Charging
Turbine Stop /
Cut out
converter
MCW: 0x0476
Charging ready
Charged,
MCB closed
Low wind /
Stop
Modulation of
Line Supply Unit
MCW: 0x477
Generator is running
about 800 rpm
Running
Note: Below is a list of typical controls and signals to be used by the WTC.
From the WTC to the ABB converter with NWPM-01
When function code 16 of Modbus is used for the first time to update values 27...50,
the addresses of data blocks should be selected so that they map to the first data
item of a data set within the ABB converter. Allowed starting addresses are 27, 30,
33, 36, 39, 42, 45 and 48. The length of a data block should be divisible by 3. Data
length = 8 can be used if the data item of the last contained data set is not configured
for any use in the ABB converter.
Communication interface
51
Later (when all reference values are updated at least once) the starting address and
data length of the messages of function code 16 can be chosen freely between 27...
50. However the message length should not exceed 8 and the address of the last
data item should not exceed 50.
Function code 6 (Single write) can be used either directly to the parameter or via
data sets using address area 2750. However writing via data sets should not be
used before all data items in the same data set are configured by using function
code 16.
Note: All updating to reference values within 27... 50 go from NWPM-01 to the ABB
converter as data sets of 3 items.
If the message from the WTC does not specify some of the 3 items, NWPM-01
sends the previously specified value or the 0 value, if the WTC has never specified a
value. It is not sufficient to specify "unused" values of data sets by sending
respective values to "parameter addresses" (= addresses >99). NPWM-01 does not
know how the data set items are cross-connected to parameters of the ABB
converter. In other words, NPWM-01 does not know the values of parameters 90.01
- 91.06.
It is not necessary to obey these rules about first updates if the later omitted data
values are not configured for any purpose in 90.01 - 91.06.
Destination signals and parameters can be freely selected by using parameters in
group 90 and 91.
WTC references/
parameter sets
Signal/
parameter
selection
DW1
Address:
27
POWER
REFERENCE
90.01 (DS10.1)
Value: 1901
DW2
Address:
28
VOLTAGE
REFERENCE
90.02 (DS10.2)
Value: 1902
DW3
Address:
29
FLUX
REFERENCE
90.03 (DS10.3)
Value: 1904
Communication interface
52
WTC references/
parameter sets
DW4
Address:
30
CONTROL
WORD
DW5
Address:
31
REACTIVE
CURRENT
REF
DW22
Address:
48
Signal/
parameter
selection
90.04 (DS12.1)
Value: 701
ON/OFF1
OFF2
OFF3
RUN
RAMP OUT ZERO
RAMP HOLD
RAMP IN ZERO
RESET
INCHING 1
INCHING 2
REMOTE CMD
CLEAR ALM / FLT BUFFER INU
ISU MODULATION
IR REF WTC SEL
UAC HPPP SEL
CLEAR ALM / FLT BUFFER ISU
90.05 (DS12.2)
Value: 1903
MAILBOX:
91.04 (DS24.1)
Value: -
DW22
Address:
49
MAILBOX:
DW24
Address:
50
MAILBOX:
91.05 (DS24.2)
Value: -
91.06 (DS24.3)
Value: -
Communication interface
53
Signal/
parameter
selection
DW1
Address:
72
STATUS
WORD
92.01 (DS11.1)
Value: 801
DW2
Address:
73
POWER REF
HPPP
92.02 (DS11.2)
Value: 504
DW3
Address:
74
SPEED (rpm)
92.03 (DS11.3)
Value: 101
DW4
Address:
75
DC LINK
VOLTAGE
1.10 DC VOLTAGE
Measured DC voltage
Scaling: 1 == 1 V
92.04 (DS13.1)
Value: 110
DW5
Address:
76
MAINS
VOLTAGE
92.05 (DS13.2)
Value: 501
DW6
Address:
77
MAINS
CURRENT
92.06 (DS13.3)
Value: 502
DW7
Address:
78
ACTIVE
POWER
5.03 POWER
Calculated grid-side converter power
Scaling: 1 == 1 kW
92.07 (DS15.1)
Value: 503
DW8
Address:
79
REACTIVE
POWER
92.08 (DS15.2)
Value: 508
DW9
Address:
80
MAINS
FREQUENCY
92.09 (DS15.3)
Value: 507
DW10
Address:
81
LSU STATUS
WORD
92.10 (DS17.1)
Value: 510
DW11
Address:
82
INU MAX
IGBT TEMP
92.11 (DS17.2)
Value: 112
DW12
Address:
83
ISU MAX
IGBT TEMP
92.12 (DS17.3)
Value: 505
DW13
Address:
84
FAULT CODE
LATEST
92.13 (DS19.1)
Value: 930
Communication interface
54
Signal/
parameter
selection
DW14
Address:
85
FAULT CODE
SECOND
LATEST
92.14 (DS19.2)
Value: 931
DW15
Address:
86
FAULT CODE
THIRD
LATEST
92.15 (DS19.3)
Value: 932
DW16
Address:
87
FAULT CODE
FOURTH
LATEST
92.16 (DS21.1)
Value: 933
DW17
Address:
88
FAULT CODE
FIFTH
LATEST
92.17 (DS21.2)
Value: 934
DW18
Address
89
ALARM
WORD 1
92.18 (DS21.3)
Value: 904
DW19
Address
90
ALARM
WORD 2
93.01 (DS23.1)
Value: 905
DW20
Address:
91
ALARM
WORD 3
93.02 (DS23.2)
Value: 911
DW21
Address:
92
LIQUID TEMP
INLET
93.03 (DS23.3)
Value: 524
DW22
Address:
93
LIQUID TEMP
OUTLET
93.04 (DS25.1)
Value: 525
DW23
Address:
94
TEMP DIF
ALARM
WORD
93.05 (DS25.2)
DW24
Address:
95
GD DISABLE
WORD
93.06 (DS25.3)
DW25
Address:
51
ISU FAULT
CODE
LATEST
93.07 (DS27.1)
Value: 10930
DW26
Address:
52
ISU FAULT
CODE
SECOND
LATEST
93.08 (DS27.2)
Value: 10931
DW27
Address:
53
ISU FAULT
CODE THIRD
LATEST
93.09 (DS27.3)
Value: 10932
Communication interface
55
Signal/
parameter
selection
DW28
Address:
54
ISU FAULT
CODE
FOURTH
LATEST
93.10 (DS29.1)
Value: 10933
DW29
Address:
55
ISU FAULT
CODE FIFTH
LATEST
93.11 (DS29.2)
Value: 10934
DW30
Address:
56
ISU ALARM
WORD 1
93.12 (DS29.3)
Value: 10904
DW31
Address:
57
ISU SUPPLY
ALARM
WORD
93.13 (DS31.1)
Value: 10912
DW32
Address:
58
ISU POWER
FAIL FAULT
WORD
93.14 (DS31.2)
Value: 10925
DW33
Address:
59
ISU TEMP
DIF ALARM
WORD
93.15 (DS31.3)
Value: 10918
DW34
Address:
60
ISU GD
DISABLE
WORD
93.16 (DS33.1)
Value: 10824
DW35
Address:
61
ISU
CURRENT
UNBALANCE
WORD
93.17 (DS33.2)
Value: 10913
DW36
Address:
62
ISU
OVERCURRE
NT FAULT
WORD
93.18 (DS33.3)
Value: 10914
DW37
Address:
63
ISU SHORT
CIRC FAULT
WORD
93.19 (DS35.1)
Value: 10915
DW38
Address:
64
ISU
OVERTEMP
WORD
93.20 (DS35.2)
Value: 10916
DW39
Address:
65
ISU TEMP
DIF FLT
WORD
93.21 (DS35.3)
Value: 10917
DW40
Address:
66
ISU PPCC
FAULT WORD
93.22 (DS37.1)
Value: 10924
DW41
Address:
67
POWER FAIL
FAULT WORD
93.23 (DS37.2)
Value: 925
Communication interface
56
Signal/
parameter
selection
DW42
Address:
68
93.24 (DS37.3)
Value: 10412
ISU
PARAMETER
CRC
Communication interface
57
On-demand read/write of
seldom used registers
The scheduling algorithm of this communication can be seen from the diagram
below:
1.
0
2.
30
1.
60
3.
90
1.
120
4.
150
1.
180
2.
210
...
240
Time [ms]
References and control words are written every 60 ms and the rest of the time slots
are shared equally between the remaining tasks.
The resulting activity on the serial line looks like this:
Communication interface
58
The scheduling algorithm of this communication can be seen from the diagram
below:
Write
Read
30
Write
60
Read
90
Write
120
Read
150
Write
180
...
Read
210
240
Time [ms]
References and control words are written every 60 ms and the rest of the time slots
are used for reading. Which data are read and how often (some will probably need to
be faster than others) depends on the actual implementation.
Signal interfaces
The following figure shows the transmitted and received actual signals and
parameters of the turbine controller and the wind turbine converter.
Communication interface
59
I-BOX
Transmit
DW1-DW3
Address: 27-29
POWER REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
FLUX REFERENCE
DW4-DW6
Address: 30-32
CONTROL WORD
REACTIVE CURRENT REF
Receive
DW1-DW3
Address: 72-74
STATUS WORD
LSU STATUS WORD
SPEED (rpm)
DW4-DW6
Address: 75-77
DC LINK VOLTAGE
MAINS VOLTAGE
MAINS CURRENT
DW7-DW9
Address: 78-80
ACTIVE POWER
REACTIVE POWER
MAINS FREQUENCY
DW10-DW12
Address: 81-83
POWER REFERENCE HPPP
INU MAX IGBT TEMP
ISU MAX IGBT TEMP
DW13-DW15
Address: 84-86
FAULT CODE LATEST
FAULT CODE SECOND LATEST
FAULT CODE THIRD LATEST
DW16-DW18
Address: 87-89
FAULT CODE FOURTH LATEST
FAULT CODE FIFTH LATEST
ALARM WORD 1
DW19-DW21
Address: 90-92
ALARM WORD 2
ALARM WORD 3
LIQUID TEMP INLET
DW22-DW24
Address: 93-95
LIQUID TEMP OUTLET
TEMP DIF ALM WORD
GD DISABLE WORD
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
60 ms
40.07
40.11
40.08
40.04
40.05
01.01
Reference correction
Power reference
Actual speed
Data set 10
Data set 11
05.10 LSU STATUS WORD
05.03 POWER
05.04 REACT POWER
Data set 13
05.06 LSU DI STATUS
05.01 MAINS VOLTAGE
05.02 LINE CURRENT
08.01
MCW
Bit 15 to
LCW
Bit11
Data set 15
40.06
Power reference
limitation
Gmax reference power
limitation
Power reference offset
Power fine tuning
FIELDBUS INTERFACE
DDCS CH0
Data set 10, 2 ms
19.01 DATA1
19.02 DATA2
19.04 DATA4
Data set 12, 4 ms
07.01 MAIN CTRL WORD
19.03 DATA3
Xx.Yy spare
01.10 DC VOLTAGE
05.01 MAINS VOLTAGE
05.02 LINE CURRENT
TRIGG
Frequency
C103
C28
GROUP
INDEX
IN
I1
I2
I3
Nominal DC
Voltage
05.03 POWER
05.08 LSU ACT2
05.07 LSU ACT1
Enable DC Boost
Data set 17
Nominal DC Voltage
40.01
WR-I
Data set 19
DC Boost function
40.02
+7.01.11
Adaptive blocks
100 ms
40.03
C0
C0
CLEAR 5 LATEST
ALARMS AND
FAULTS
103.28
FIELDBUS CONTROL
Modbus RS485 / NWPM-01
500 ms
500 ms
10 ms
100 ms
10 ms
100 ms
10 ms
Data set 10
Data set 12
19.02
Data set 11
Data set 13
Data set 15
01.05 FREQUENCY
01.07 REACTIVE POWER
01.28 P LIMITED
Data set 17
Data set 19
AND
(-19.03.9)
DATA2
19.02
OR
C6
C5
(+19.04.14)
19.04
DATA4
19.05
DATA5
(+19.04.13)
(-19.04.14)
Adaptive blocks 10 ms
MODBUS/TCP
RETA-01 Module on
SLOT1 of ISU RMIO
control board
Register 41903
Register 41902
TRIGG
C28
GROUP
INDEX
IN
AO1
AO2
24.02
WR-I
GROUP
INDEX
IN
24.03
WR-I
GROUP
INDEX
IN
103.28
WR-I
Register 41901
I1
Adaptive blocks
100 ms
I2
I3
C103
C0
+7.01.11
C3
C24
C2
C24
AI1
AI2
RAIO-01
AIO Extension
Module 1
CLEAR 5 LATEST
ALARMS AND
FAULTS
C0
OUT
SWITCH-I
ACT
NC
NO
OUT
SWITCH-I
ACT
NC
NO
Communication interface
60
Communication interface
61
Start-up
3
Abbreviations
Abbreviations for firmware manuals used in the start-up tables are described below.
Abbreviation
Definition
Interface
Description
INU FW
ISU FW
Grid-side control program for ACS800 wind turbine converters firmware manual
(3AUA0000075077 [English])
Start-up
62
7. FINAL OPERATION
ETHERNET CONNECTION TEST
BACKUP AND RESTORE
Start-up
63
Action
Additional information
1. FIRST STEPS
SAFETY
WARNING! The safety instructions must be followed during the
installation and start-up procedure. See chapter Safety instructions in
ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (Back-to-back) hardware manual
(3AUA0000023485 [English]).
Only qualified electricians are allowed to install and start-up the wind
turbine converter.
The coolant circulation must be on before the converter is started and
during its operation.
INSTALLATION
Check that:
The mechanical installation is performed according to the instructions
given in ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (back-to-back) hardware
manual (3AUA0000023485 [English]).
The electrical installation is performed according to the instructions given
in ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (back-to-back) hardware
manual (3AUA0000023485 [English]).
The installation is checked according to the checklist in ACS800-77LC
wind turbine converter (back-to-back) hardware manual
(3AUA0000023485 [English]).
HARDWARE SET-UP
Check that the hardware start-up procedure is performed according to
the instructions given in ACS800-77LC wind turbine converter (back-toback) hardware manual (3AUA0000023485 [English]).
Start-up
64
Action
Additional information
1. FIRST STEPS
CONNECTING DriveWindow
Set the main circuit breakers to locked the position (safety operation).
Power up the wind turbine converter.
Connect the PC to the wind turbine converter as shown below.
Note: Disconnect the fibre optic cables coming from the NETA to the
RDCO module channel CH3.
Generator-side
converter
RDCU (Drive
Control Unit)
RDCO
CH3:
RXD
RMIO
TXD
Grid-side
converter
PC
NDPA-0x
RXD
TXD
NDPC-12
RDCU (Drive
Control Unit)
RDCO
CH3:
RXD
TXD
Start-up
RMIO
65
Action
Additional information
1. FIRST STEPS
Note: If a NETA module is connected, disconnet the fiber optic cables
coming from the RDCO module channel CH3 to the NETA and connect
them to the RDCO or RUSB-02 module.
Generator-side
converter
RDCU (Drive
Control Unit)
RDCO
CH3:
RXD
RMIO
TXD
Grid-side
converter
PC
USB port
RUSB-02
Rx Tx
RDCU (Drive
Control Unit)
RDCO
CH3:
RXD
RMIO
TXD
Start the DriveWindow program and connect to the wind turbine
converter by choosing ABB.SMP OPC server.
Start-up
66
Action
Additional information
Set the grid fault ride-through parameters according to the applied grid
code.
Urms
Nominal level
Voltage dip
Level 1
Level 2
t2 = 150
t (ms)
t1 = 1350
Start-up
67
Action
Additional information
Set the grid support function parameters according to the applied grid
code (E.ON, REE etc.).
GS IQREF LEVEL %
Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
100
50
Level 1
GS U/Un LEVEL %
0
50
100
Start-up
68
Action
Additional information
Action
Additional information
Start-up
69
Action
Additional information
Start-up
70
Action
Additional information
Update the parameter list and check that the fieldbus parameters are
visible.
Fieldbus module of type N:
Check that the parameters of groups 70, 90, 91, 92, and 93 are set
according the customer-specific Interface Description, see chapter
Communication interface for more details.
Set the stop method for the CH0 communication fault: parameter 70.05
CH0 COM LOSS CTRL to COAST STOP.
Action
Additional information
Open parameter group 16 by double clicking the row on the display and
set:
Start-up
71
Action
Additional information
Check that
intermediate DC circuit is charged and the converter modulates
without problems
all cooling fans rotate properly
Start-up
72
Action
Additional information
state of digital input DI4 is 1 from INU parameter 01.15 DI6-1 STATUS Refer to INU FM. DI4 indicates the
operation of the Safety circuit
function.
states of ISU digital inputs DI2 to DI7 correspond the circuit diagrams
delivered with the wind turbine converter from ISU parameter 01.15
DI7-1 STATUS.
01.10 DC VOLTAGE
Start-up
73
Action
Additional information
Action
Additional information
Start-up
74
Action
Additional information
Push the emergency stop button anywhere on the site while the wind
turbine converter is running with small speed and torque. The main
breakers should open and the generator coast to stop.
WARNING! An emergency stop with full speed or torque
stresses the wind turbine mechanically and can damage it.
Check that signal 01.08 MOTOR TORQUE goes down with a ramp but
that signal 02.13 TORQ USED REF goes to zero immediately if
parameter 21.04 EME STOP MODE is set to COAST STOP.
Start-up
75
Action
Additional Information
7. FINAL OPERATION
ETHERNET CONNECTION TEST
Check that the turbine and converter starts are disabled.
Disconnect the PC from the converter and reconnect all optical fibres in
their correct order between the NETA and the RDCO modules.
Configure the NETA module according to the instructions given in
section How to configure the NETA-01 Ethernet Adapter Module on page
88.
Start-up
76
Start-up
77
nN, gen
UN, gen
IN, gen
fN, gen
Load
Speed
Stator
voltage
Current
Efficiency
%/kW
rpm
100/2400
1551
690
2070
96.8* - 96.2**
Cos phi
0.893
Reactive
power
Slip
Frequency
kVAr
Hz
1209
0.599
51.4
78
What to enter
Calculate the motor nominal voltage as follows:
52.01
fN
UN =
UN, gen =
690 V = 698 V
51.4
fN, gen
where
UN
UN, gen
fN
fN, gen
fN =
60
1551 rpm
60
100% + s
100%
100 + 0.599
100
= 52.01 Hz
where
p
pole-pair number
fN
nN, gen
slip (%).
ns
nN, gen
fN, gen
pole-pair number.
PN
PN, gen
Enter 0.893.
79
80
Answer
The parameters in group 99 (nominal values of the machine) are always given as a
motor. Even though the wind turbine converter is run as a generator, the software
makes its calculations based on motor values. You do not have to inform the
converter that it is running a generator.
Further question
If we set the parameters in group 99 to, for example, 2000 kW and 22.5 rpm, the
calculated torque will be 848.8 kNm. If we now send a torque set-point of 100%, will
we measure 848.8 kNm at the generator axis or less due to iron and copper losses
in the generator? Should we enter the mechanical axis power or the electrical power
as the motor nominal power?
Answer
The converter estimates the machine's characteristics on the basis of the
identification magnetization results and controls the torque so that a 100% reference
equals approximately to the nominal torque (in this case 848.8 kNm) on the machine
axis when the machine is driven as a motor. The generator-side converter control
program estimates that iron loss torque is 2.5% of the nominal torque. Thus,
electrical torque with a 100% torque reference would be 102.5% as a motor. As a
generator, electrical torque would also be 102.5%, but mechanical torque
approximately 105%, depending on the real iron losses.
For the most accurate system, correct the 2.5% iron loss error in the generator
operation by entering the electrical power multiplied by 1.025 into parameter
99.06 GEN NOM POWER of the generator-side converter. This way, a 100% torque
reference will equal to 100% electrical torque and power at nominal speed.
Further question
Our generator has a mechanical power of 2220 kW. The electrical power is 2110 kW
and the nominal rotor speed is 22.5 rpm.
Is it correct that parameter 99.06 should be set to 2220 kW?
Answer
No. The nominal power (parameter 99.06) given for the converter should be
2110 kW 1.025 = 2163 kW.
Further question
What will then be the 100% torque set-point? Or, the other way round: how high in
percentage should the torque set-point be to obtain 100% mechanical torque at the
axis?
Answer
You should set a 100% torque reference to obtain 100% electrical torque and 100%
electrical power (2110 kW) at the nominal speed. Mechanical shaft power would then
be approximately 2220 kW.
81
Further question
How about the torque value we read from CANopen adapter module? I assume this
value is calculated from the currents through the generator. In what way are the
losses incorporated in this calculation? Are we really reading the actual torquevalue?
Answer
The losses are not incorporated in the calculation but if you have entered generator
nominal power divided by 1.025 into parameter 99.06 MOTOR NOM POWER, you
will read the real torque value.
How to set the maximum speed limit (parameters 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED
and 20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN)
Wind turbine converter in speed control
If the wind turbine converter is controlled by giving a speed reference, the input of
the speed controller is limited between the values of parameters 20.01 MINIMUM
SPEED and 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED.
Wind turbine converter in torque control
The wind turbine converter is in torque control when it is controlled by giving a torque
reference. In this control mode, the wind turbine converter limits the torque reference
when speed approaches the overspeed trip limit.
This section describes how the torque limit is calculated in the generator-side
converter control program. The limitation is performed in block FREQ LIMITER
shown in the block diagram Torque reference chain in appendix Control block
diagrams. The inputs for the torque limitation are actual signal 02.12 TORQUE
REF5 and parameters 20.01 MINIMUM SPEED, 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED and
26.01 TORQUE SELECTOR. The output, that is the limited torque, is actual signal
02.22 TORQ FREQ LIM REF.
Calculation equations
When the speed actual value (nact) is positive and the allowed maximum speed
defined by parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED is nmax, the torque limit is calculated
as follows in the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drive Control Program:
Tlim [%] = 10.87 k
E0,N IN
PN cos N
nmax - nact
nN
100%.
82
For squirrel-cage induction generators, the torque limit is calculated as follows in the
System Control Program:
Tlim [%] = 10.87 k
U N IN
PN
nmax - nact
nN
100%.
In the equations above, N denotes the nominal value of the generator. Coefficient k
is normally 1 but if parameter 27.08 HEX FIELD WEAKEN is set to ON and the wind
turbine converter operates in the field weakening area, k is 1/4.
Example of calculating the value for parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED
In a permanent magnet synchronous generator the nominal speed is 20 rpm,
nominal power 1 MW, power factor 0.94, back-electromotoric force 700 V and
nominal current 890 A.
If a torque limit of -110% is intended to be reached with speed 1.2 nN, set the value
of parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED to the value calculated below:
nmax = nact +
= 1.2 nN +
= 1.2 20 rpm +
= 20.95.
Note: Consider carefully the setting of parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED. If the
value is set too high, the parameter has no effect on generating more torque to slow
down the speed when approaching the maximum speed. The setting of parameter
20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN is also important. It defines the margin above the
maximum speed defined by parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED at which the wind
turbine converter trips on overspeed.
As a rule of thumb, setting parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED close to the nominal
speed is sensible. See section Effect of maximum speed limitation on the generator
torque reference on the following page.
83
WARNING! When setting the maximum speed with parameter 20.01 MAXIMUM
SPEED, check that the no-load voltage of the permanent magnet synchronous
machine does not exceed 850 V with that speed. Set the frequency trip margin,
parameter 20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN, so that the wind turbine converter trips at a
safe voltage level.
If the wind turbine converter trips or is stopped, its control cannot keep the
intermediate DC circuit voltage within its limits but it depends on the backelectromotoric force of the permanent magnet generator. If the intermediate DC
circuit voltage exceeds 1200 V, the DC circuit capacitors of the converter will be
damaged.
Effect of maximum speed limitation on the generator torque reference
This section illustrates the effect of maximum speed limitation on the generator
torque reference for the generator of the previous example.
The generator nominal speed is 20 rpm. A frequency trip margin of 3.4 rpm is
chosen ie, parameter 20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN is set to n p / 60 = 3.4 p /
60 Hz. Note: By default, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Control
Program sets parameter 20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN to 10% of the generator
nominal speed, in this case it would be 2 rpm.
The wind turbine converter trips on overspeed at the value of parameter 20.02
MAXIMUM SPEED + parameter 20.11 FREQ TRIP MARGIN: at 20.95 rpm +
3.4 rpm = 24.35 rpm.
In generator use, the control program inverts the torque reference coming from the
WTC with -100%. The used torque reference stays below the torque limit curve until
the actual speed comes close to the maximum speed trip limit. There, the torque
limit forces the used torque reference below the inverted torque reference from the
WTC. In this way, the control program tries to keep the turbine speed below the trip
limit by generating more torque to slow down the speed.
Had the value of parameter 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED been set higher, the torque
limit would have had no effect on the used torque reference. Had the frequency trip
margin been set lower, the wind turbine converter would have tripped on overspeed
in this example. An Excel sheet for calculation is available from ABB on request with
code 3AUA0000025546.
84
Torque (%)
200
40
35
100
30
6
1
10
15
20
t (s)
25
20
15
3
4
-100
10
-200
Time
Used torque reference. This equals the inverted Torque reference from
the WTC except when limited by (1)
Actual speed
This diagram illustrates the change in the torque reference when the maximum speed limit is met.
85
Overvoltage controller
If the torque limit is too low, it can be increased by increasing the gain parameter
124.07 DC CTR GAIN REL to, for example, 7000%.
fN 60
nN
100%
100% + s
where
p = pole-pair number
fN = nominal frequency of the generator (Hz)
nN = nominal speed of the generator (rpm)
s = slip (%).
The value is set into parameter 149.08 POLE PAIRS after the after identification
magnetization.
Example
When the nominal speed of the generator is 1551 rpm and the nominal frequency
51.4 Hz, the pole-pair number is
p=
fN 60
nN
100%
100% + s
51.4 60
1551
100%
100% + 0.599
= 2.
86
the system characteristics. The recommended values for the most crucial
parameters are given below:
Parameter
Default value
Setting
0%
24.03 KPS
10
24.09 TIS
2.5 s
The desired turbine speed in the speed control mode is often quite low when
compared to the nominal speed. Therefore, increasing the filtering time of the
measured speed stabilizes the system:
Parameter
Default value
Setting
4 ms
In slow-speed generators (nN < 30 rpm), it is recommended not to use flux signal
injection for rotor position detection. Check that the setting of parameter
151.40 FLUX SIGNAL INJEC is OFF.
For more information on the parameter settings, see System Control Program
Firmware Manual (3AFE64670646 [English]). A detailed block diagram of the speed
control loop is presented in chapter Control block diagrams.
87
Current measurement
Why does actual signal 01.06 LINE CURRENT indicate a no-load current?
The supply part of the converter main circuit is shown below. Current is fed to the
LCL filter to compensate the capacitors in no-load situations when current at the
input to the converter (point a) is zero. However, as current is measured at the input
of the IGBT Supply Unit (point b), the line current measurement signal indicates
current also in no-load situations.
LCL filter
ISU
Supply
88
89
6. Check that the Allow data set editing and Enable Motor control applet check
boxes are not ticked.
7. Go to the Network tab and check that the Connected to Tool Channel (Ch3) is
selected, Baudrate is 1 Mbit, Modbus timeout is 0 and Network Type is Ring.
90
8. In the Network tab, click Ethernet Settings and check the DHCP enabled box.
How to create a full Backup Package and save it in the .BPG format
While creating a Backup Package, the converter must be in remote control (not
controlled from the DriveWIndow).
Make a Backup Package with DriveWindow separately from each converter as
follows:
1. Open a new backup folder by selecting from the File menu System Software /
New / Backup Package.
2. Select from the File menu System Software / Backup command.
3. Select the appropriate converter and press Backup.
4. The backing up takes a few minutes.
5. Select from the File menu System Software / Save as command. Select a folder
where you will save the Backup Package.
6. Give a file name to your Backup Package and press Save.
7. Close your folder by selecting from the File menu System Software / Close
command.
91
7
6
5
92
93
3
4
5 4
94
a
1
2
Note: If the converter is running while the parameter file is saved, it will not be
possible to edit the parameters off-line. The parameter file remains in the read-only
status. Therefore, create always a full Backup Package for backup purposes. See
section How to create a full Backup Package and save it in the .BPG format on page
90.
95
96
|
Contact ABB
97
Warnings
Abnormal statuses are indicated by the converter warning words and messages.
Limits
The converter control programs limit, for example, current, torque, power, speed and
overvoltage. The performance of the limiters can be controlled by parameters.
The activation of the limits is indicated in limit words, for example in signals 08.03
LIMIT WORD 1 and 08.04 LIMIT WORD 2 in the System Control Program.
Current limit
Current is typically limited if it reaches either the rated value of the converter or the
user-defined value, parameter 20.04 MAXIMUM CURRENT in the System Control
Program.
Torque limit
The converter calculates shaft torque every 25 microsecond.
Torque is typically limited when
the limit defined by parameter 20.05 MAXIMUM TORQUE is met
some factor in the torque reference chain requires it, see section Torque
reference chain on page 102
the pull-out torque of the generator approaches the torque reference.
Power limit
Parameters 20.17 P MOTORING LIM and 20.18 P GENERATING LIM define the
maximum allowed power flows, see section Torque reference chain on page 102.
Speed limit
See sections How to set parameter 20.01 MINIMUM SPEED and How to set the
maximum speed limit (parameters 20.02 MAXIMUM SPEED and 20.11 FREQ TRIP
MARGIN) on page 81.
98
Faults
The converter protects itself with many functions. When a protection function is
activated, the wind turbine converter is immediately stopped (tripped) to avoid
damages. A fault does not necessary mean that there is any material failure in the
converter.
How to identify the fault and what to do in a specific fault situation
Each RMIO board contains a fault logger. The latest faults and warnings are stored
together with the time stamp at which the event was detected. The fault logger
collects 64 of the most recent available pieces of information concerning faults (such
as fault, warning, reset and system messages) into the fault buffer in the RAM
memory. The latest 16 inputs are stored to the flash memory at the beginning of an
auxiliary power supply loss if an internal +24 V power supply is used.
Each RMIO board also contains data loggers 1 and 2. They are used to monitor
signals and to store them for later retrieval and analysis. The contents of the data
loggers are stored to the RAM memory.
The fault logger can be browsed in DriveWindow under the Fault tab and the data
loggers under the Data logger tab. For more information, refer to DriveWindow
Users Manual (3BFE64560981 [English]).
Compare the warning and fault messages of the fault logger to the messages listed
in the firmware manual. Most warning and fault causes can be identified and
corrected using the information in the fault tracing tables.
Before contacting ABB, see section Product and service inquiries on page 12.
99
Action
Additional information
If signals 02.22 FLUX X NET ACT and 02.20 FLUX X ACT are in phase
and signals 02.23 FLUX Y NET ACT and 02.21 FLUX Y ACT are in
phase, the measurement phase sequence is OK.
100
101
E M E S T O P M O D E
D I1
C H A R G IN G
L O G IC
R U N
E V E N T
D I2
E N A B L E
F e e d b a c k o f D C s w itc h
w ith M u ltid r iv e s y s te m s
R 2 i...R 5 i, R 7 i
8 .0 2 b 4
R U N
2 1 .0 4
E M S T O P D E R M A X L
2 1 .0 5
E M S T O P D E R M IN L
2 1 .0 6
E M S T O P D E C M O N
D E L
S T O P
F U N C T IO N
IN T E R N A L M C W
C O N T R O L
O F F 3
2 1 .0 7
L O C A L E M S T O P M O D E
Z E R O
R O 1
E M
&
2 1 .1 2
S P E E D L IM IT
O F F 2
2 0 .0 3
&
L O C A L C O N T R O L
D IS A B L E D
E M E R G E N C Y
S T O P
8 .0 1 b 4
O F F 2 S T A
8 .0 2 b 5
O F F 3 S T A
8 .0 1 b 1 4
M O D U L A T IN G
8 .0 1 b 1 3
R U N
IN T E R L O C K
1 6 .0 1
H A N D /A U T O
D I
1 0 .0 7
F ie ld b u s
A d a p te r
R M B A -0 1
C O M M M O D U L E
9 8 .0 2
P a r.
g ro u p
9 0 , 9 2
R E A D /
W R IT E
F U N C
N -ty p e o f
F ie ld b u s
D S 1 0
....
D S 2 4
F ie ld b u s
A d a p te rs
D S 1 .1
S T D
M O D B U S
4
S U P P L Y U N IT C O N T R O L A C T IV A T E D
A D V A N T /N -F B
I/O
F IE L D B U S
2
N O
1
S U P P L Y U N IT M S W
C O N T R O L
*)
A U T O
S T A R T / S T O P
S T A R T /S T O P
D I
1 0 .0 1
I/O
Z E R O
S P E E D
S T O P F U N C T IO N
S P E E D L IM IT
R E S E T
1 0 .0 3
U S E D M C W
2 .2 6
R U N
A U T O
R E S E T
7 .0 1
S T A T E
M A C H IN E
D S 8 1 .1
A B B
A u t o m a t io n ,
Z E R O
O F F 3
O F F 2
M C W
L O C A L M C W
A B B
D R IV E
P R O F IL E
D I
8 .0 2 b 1 1
2 1 .0 3
2 0 .0 3
I/O
S T A R T
/ S T O P
L O G IC
O F F
R U N
R A M P
IN Z E R O
R E S E T
IN T E R L O C K
R E S T A R T
2 1 .0 9
R E S T A R T T IM E
2 1 .1 0
C H 0 T IM E O U T
7 0 .0 4
C H 0 C O M
M C W
R U N
b it 0 R D Y _ O N
L O S S C T R L
7 0 .0 5
R U N
> 1
&
&
1 6 .1 4
A U T O R E S T A R T
F U N C T IO N
C H 0 / F IE L D B U S
C O M M L O S S
C O N T R O L
R A M P O U T Z E R O
R A M P IN
Z E R O
b it 0
b it 3
b it 6
b it 7
I/O
C O N T R O L
S U P P L Y U N IT
C O N T R O L
( w ith s in g le d r iv e s )
* ) N o t e ! R U N I N T E R L O C K c a n b e c o n n e c t e d to e .g . d ig ita l in p u t b y A d a p t iv e P r o g r a m m in g .
O N b it0
R E S E T B it 7
D D C S
C H 1
c o m m u n ic a t io n
x x .x x
x x .x x
x .x x
x .x x > x
102
7 .0 3 b 6
F O L L T O R Q U E R E F = O N
7 .0 3 b 8
F O L L T O R Q
R E F = M A S T E R
7 0 .1 8
C H 2 M /F M O D E = F O L L O W E R
7 0 .0 8
&
L O C A L C O N T R O L
L O A D S H A R E
T R E F T O R Q
M A X
2 0 .0 9
T R E F T O R Q
M IN
2 0 .1 0
D S 4 1 .3
r /
e r
a tio n
c e
D S T O R Q
2 .2 0
M A S T E R F O L L O W E R T O R Q U E R E F
R E F A
U S E D T O R Q
R E F A
T R E F T O R Q
M A X L IM
8 .0 3 b 8
2 5 .0 3
D A T A S E T
M a s te
F o llo w
a p p lic
in te r fa
L IM IT E R
T O R Q
R E F 1
2 .0 8
M O T O R
1 .0 4
O S C
S P E E D
C O M P E N S A T IO N
C O M P E N S A T IO N
O S C IL L A T IO N
D A M P IN G
O S C IL L A T IO N F R E Q
2 6 .0 5
O S C IL L A T IO N P H A S E
2 6 .0 6
O S C IL L A T IO N G A IN
2 6 .0 7
2 6 .0 2
T O R Q U E R E F 5
T O R Q U E R E F 4
2 .1 1
T O R Q U E R E F 3
2 .1 0
2 6 .0 4
T O R Q U E S E L E C T O R
2 6 .0 1
R E F A F T C
L O A D
S U B
2 6 .0 3
MINIMUM SPEED
F R E Q U E N C Y M A X
2 9 .0 2
F R E Q U E N C Y M IN
2 9 .0 3
F R E Q
2 0 .1 1
T R IP M A R G IN
T O R Q U E R E F 1
A B B
A u t o m a t io n
D S 8 1 .3
C O M M
P a r.
g ro u p
9 0 , 9 2
R E A D /
W R IT E
F U N C .
D S 1 0
....
N -ty p e o f
F ie ld b u s
A d a p te rs
D S 2 4
N -ty p e o f
F ie ld b u s
A d a p te rs
M O D U L E
F ro m
9 8 .0 2
D S 1 0 .3
D S 1 .3
A D V A N T /N -F B
F IE L D B U S
2
N O
F R E Q L IM IT
8 .0 3 b 1 5
2 5 .0 1
D S 1 .3
L O C A L C O N T R O L
T O R Q U E C O N T R O L
&
I/O
9 8 .0 2
9 8 .0 2
M O D U L E = N O
R E F
T O R Q D C L IM
2 .2 3
R E F
1 .1 0
3 0 .2 2
U N D E R V O L T T O R Q
U P
2 0 .1 5
U N D E R V O L T T O R Q
D N
2 0 .1 6
O V E R V O L T A G E C T L
3 0 .2 3
U N D E R
V O L T A G E
C O N T R O L
O V E R
V O L T A G E
C O N T R O L
D C
U N D E R V O L T L IM
8 .0 3 b 1 2
D C
O V E R V O L T L IM
8 .0 3 b 1 3
R A M P
P O W E R
L IM IT
C A L C .
2 5 .0 4
T O R Q
> 1
T O R Q
R A M P U P
2 5 .0 5
T O R Q
R A M P D O W N
2 5 .0 6
D C L IM
R E F
F R E Q U E N C Y
F IE L D B U S T O R Q U E R E F B
(N -ty p e o r R M B A -0 1 )
T O R Q U E R E F E R E N C E C H A IN - S Y S T E M
A P P L IC A T IO N
P G E N E R A T IN G
2 0 .1 8
p a g e 7 (1 0 )
L IM
R E F
1 .0 5
T O R Q
F L U X U S E D
P M O T O R IN G L IM
2 0 .1 7
P M O T O R IN G
8 .0 4 b 0
L IM
T O R Q U E
L IM IT
C A L C
T O R Q U E
L IM IT E R
T O R Q P O W
2 .2 4
2 .2 3
T O R Q U E R E F E R E N C E B
N o te ! W ith o th e r R - ty p e o f F ie ld b u s m o d u le s ,
to r q u e r e fe r e n c e is a s s ig n e d b y P a r . g r o u p 5 1 .
L IM
s p e e d c o n tr o lle r
T O R Q U E R E F B
L O C A L R E F
C O M M
V O L T A G E
U N D E R V O L T A G E C T L
A D D
2 .0 9
F ro m
M O D U L E = F IE L D B U S
D C
M IN
T O R Q U E R E F 2
T O R Q U E R E F A
F R E Q
D C
V O L T A G E
L IM IT E R
2 .2 2
M A X
R - t y p e o f F ie ld b u s A d a p t e r
W ith R - ty p e o f F ie ld b u s a d a p te r s , d e f in e to r q u e r e fe r e n c e
T O R Q U E R E F A o r B in p a r a m e te r g r o u p 5 1 .
C O M M
to r q u e r e fe r e n c e c h a in
S T D M O D B U S
R E F
22.02
T O R Q
T O R Q U E
2 .0 8
L IM
F R E Q M IN L IM IT
8 .0 3 b 1 0
S P E E D
S T D M O D B U S
R M B A -0 1
F R E Q
2 .2 2
F R E Q M A X L IM IT
8 .0 3 b 1 1
2 5 .0 2
T O R Q
1 .0 5
22.01
MAXIMUM SPEED
T O R Q U E S E L E C T O R
F R E Q
L IM IT E R
2 .1 2
F R E Q U E N C Y
F IL T E R
2 .2 8
T O R Q
T O R Q U E S T E P
S P E E D R E F 4
2 .1 8
T R E F T O R Q
M IN L IM
8 .0 3 b 7
TORQUE SELECTOR
26.01
L IM
P G E N E R A T IN G
8 .0 4 b 1
L IM
R E F
2 .1 4
F R E Q
2 .2 2
L IM
R E F
M O T O R
T O R Q M A X L IM
8 .0 3 b 6
M IN IM U M
T O R Q U E
2 0 .0 6
M A X IM U M
T O R Q U E
2 0 .0 5
T O R Q M IN
8 .0 3 b 5
P U L L O U T T C O E F M A X
2 0 .1 2
P U L L O U T T C O F M IN
2 0 .1 3
T O R Q M O T O R
8 .0 3 b 0
T O R Q U S E D
2 .1 3
L IM
L IM
C U R R E N T
1 .0 6
M A X IM U M
C U R R E N T
2 0 .0 4
IN V E R T E R
M A X IM U M
C U R R E N T
T O R Q U S E R
8 .0 3 b 3
2 1 .0 1
S T A R T
C O N T R O L
A U T O
D C M A G N
M O T O R T O R Q U E
F L U X R E F
1 .0 8
2 1 .0 2
U S E D M C W
2 .2 6
F L U X
B R A K IN G
F L U X
O P T IM IS A T IO N
F L U X M IN
2 7 .0 5
C N S T D C M A G N
S T A R T
S T A R T F L U X
R E F E R E N C E
D IR E C T T O R Q U E
a n d F L U X
H Y S T E R E S IS
C O N T R O L
F IE L D
W E A K E N IN G
F L U X U S E D R E F
2 7 .0 1
T O R Q U E U S E D R E F
F L U X M A X
2 7 .0 4
F L U X M IN
2 7 .0 5
2 7 .0 2
M O T O R N O M
F R E Q
F R E Q U E N C Y
1 .0 5
D C V O L T A G E
1 .1 0
IN T E R N A L
F L U X R E F
C A L C U L A T IO N
8 .0 3 b 9
2 .2 1
A S IC
C o n tr o l b its
2 .1 3
A C S 8 0 0
T o r q b its
F lu x b its
2 .1 4
2 7 .0 3
F L U X B R A K IN G
F L U X O P T IM IS A T IO N
C O N S T M A G N T IM E
O p tim a l
S w itc h in g
C o n tro l
F L U X M IN L IM IT
F IE L D W K P O IN T A C T
F L U X A C T
2 .1 5
1 .0 8
M O T O R M O D E L
C A L C U L A T E
A C T U A L V A L U E S
E S T IM A T E a n d
C A L C U L A T E
M O T O R T O R Q U E
D C V O L T A G E A C T U A L
C U R R E N T A C T U A L
x x .x x
A T IO N
p a g e 9 (1 0 )
x x .x x
x .x x
x .x x > x
C U R L IM
T O R Q IN V C U R L IM
8 .0 3 b 4
R E F
ABB Inc.
Automation Technologies
Drives & Motors
16250 West Glendale Drive
New Berlin, WI 53151
USA
Telephone
262 785-3200
800-HELP-365
Fax
262 780-5135
Internet
www.abb.com
EFFECTIVE: 2010-10-11
3AUA0000040012 Rev B / EN
ABB Oy
AC Drives
P.O. Box 184
FI-00381 HELSINKI
FINLAND
Telephone
+358 10 22 11
Fax
+358 10 22 22681
Internet
www.abb.com