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10 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the rate of decay of radioactive Xenon-133
and Iodine-131 respectively.
Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2 masing-masing menanjukkan kadar penyusutan radioalaif
Xenon-133 dan Iodin-131.

Section B
Bahagian B
[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana situ soalan daripada bahagian

Activity (counts per minute)

Aktiviti (bilangan per minis)

9 Diagram 9.1 shows the effect of pressure on a sandy beach when a man sits on a
chair. Diagram 9.2 shows the same man sitting on the same chair after a piece of plank
is placed under the chair.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan kesan tekanan ke atas pasir di Kepi parttai apabila seorang
lelaki sedans duduk di was kerusi. Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan lelaki yang same duduk
di was kerusi yang saints selepas diletakkan sekeping papan di bawah kerusi itu.

2 000

1500

1 000

500--

0
0
Diagram 9.1
Rajah 9.1

(a) (1) What is the meaning of pressure?

Apakah maksud tekanan?

Diagram 9.2
Rajah 9.2

10

15

Time (minute)
20 Masa (minis)
I

Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1

[ I mark]
[1 markah]

Perhatikan Rajah 9.1 dart Rajah 9.2. Bandingkan kedalarnan bahagian yang
tertggelam, beban dan lass kawasan yang bersentuhan dengan pasir di
pantai ire.
Hubungkait kedalaman bahagian yang tenggelam dengan tekanan yang
dikenakan oiehkentsi week ntembstat kesimpulan tentang hubungan antara
tekanan dengan hew kawasan yang bersentuhan dalam situasi ini.
[5 markah]

Activity (counts per minute)

Aktiviti (bilangan per minis)
2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0
0

Malaysia

(ii) Observe Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2. Compare the depth of sinking, the
load and the area of contact with the sandy beach.
Relate the depth of sinking with the pressure exerted by the chair to make a
deduction on the relationship between the pressure and the area of contact in
this situation.
[5 marks]

4531/2 0 2009 Hak Clyar rem*"

[LIhat Warman sebeIsth

SULIT

16

I
24

32 Time (minute)
Masa (mina)

Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.2
4531/2 0 2009 Hak COM Kerala= Malaysia

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(b) Diagram 9.3 shows a vacuum cleaner.

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BLANK PAGE
HA LAMAN KOSONG

Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan sebuah pembersih vakum.

Fan

Vent

Kipas

Lubang udara

Dust
Habuk

.0

Diagram 9.3
Rajah 9.3
Explain how the vacuum cleaner is able to remove dust from the floor.
[4 marks]
Terangkan bagaimana pembersih vakum itu dapat membersihkan lantai
daripada habuk.
[4 markah]
(c) A car needs an efficient hydraulic brake system for safety purposes.

Suggest and explain how to build a hydraulic brake system which can function
effectively, based on the following aspect:
Sebuah kereta memerlukan satu sisteM brek hidraulik yang cekap untuk
tujuan keselamatan.
Cadang dan terangkan bagaimana untuk membina satu sistem brek hidraulik
yang dapat berfungsi secara berkesan berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut:

(i) The type and characteristics of the brake fluid.

Jenis dan sifat bendalir brek.

(ii) The size of the master piston and slave piston.

Saiz omboh utama dan saiz omboh kedua.

(iii) The material used for the fluid transmission pipe.

Bahan yang digunakan untuk paip penghantaran cecair.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

AC11/,

CT TI IT

[Lihat balaman sebelah

VT T. TT

SUIT

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Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of four different thermos flasks.

Jadual 11.1 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat kelalang termos yang beriainan.

Section C

Bahagian C

[20 marks]
[20 markahl

Thermos
flask
Kelalang

Answer any one question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
11 Diagram 11.1 shows a metal block, M, of mass 500 g heated in boiling water of
temperature 100C for a long time. The metal block M is then quickly transferred into
200 g of water at 30C in a polystyrene cup. The water is stirred until thermal equilibrium
is achieved.
Rajah11.1 menunjukkan satu bongkah logam, M, berjisim 500 g dipanaskan di dalam
air yang mendidih bersuhu 100 C dalam jangka masa yang lama. Bongkah
logam M kemudiannya dipindahkan dengan cepat ke dalam cawan polistirena yang
berisi 200 g air bersuhu 30C. Air itu dikacau sehingga keseimbangan termatercapai.

Stopper
Penutup

Space P
gating p

terms

Double walled tube

Tinb dinding data lapis
Made of
DiPerbual
dariPada

Coated by
Disaka okh

Hollow plastic
Plastik berongga

Vacuum
Vakum

Glass
Kaca

Shiny paint
Cat berkilat

Hollow plastic
Plastik berongga

Vacuum
Vakum

Copper
Kuprum

Black paint
Cat hitant

Solid plastic
Plastik pepejal

Air
Udara

Glass
Kaca

Black paint
Cat hitam

Solid plastic
Plastik pepejal

Air
Udara

Copper
Kuprum

Shiny paint
Cat berkilat

Additional information:
Makiumat tambahan:
Boiling water
Air mendidih

Specific heat capacity of glass = 8401 kri C-11

Muatan haba tentu kaca = 840 1 kg-1 C1
Specific heat capacity of copper = 3871 kr I C-1
Muatan haba tentu kuprion = 387 I ke T-1

Thermometer
Termometer
Polystyrene cup
Cawan polisterina
Water at 30 C
Air pada 30 C
Diagram 11.1
Rajah 11.1

(a) (1) What is the meaning of thermal equilibrium?

Apakah maksud keseimbangan terra?

[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(ii) Explain, in terms of thermal equilibrium, how a thermometer which is placed

[4 marks]
into the boiling water reads at the temperature of 100 C.
Terangkan, dalam konteks keseimbangan terms, bagaimana termometer
yang diletalckan ke dalam air mendidih memberikan bacaan saint 100 C.
[4 markah]

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Table 11.1
Jadual 11.1
Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the thermos flasks and determine
the most suitable thermos flask to be used for the purpose of maintaining the
temperature of the hot drink.
Give reasons for your choice.
Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri kelalang termos dan tentukan kelalang termos
yang paling sesuai untuk digunakan bagi tujuan ntengekalkan suhu
minuman pangs.
Beri sebab bagi pilihan anda.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

4531/2 o

2009 liak Cipia Kerajaan Malaysia

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Asw50670
STUDENT WORKSHEET
2008
1. A new harbour is to be built at a new location. The suggested new location is either at a bay
or a cape. Four models for the structure of the retaining wall are given. Table 12 below
shows the location and the characteristics of the four retaining walls. Type of
retaining
wall

Location of
retaining
wall

Jenia
tembok
penahan

Lokasi
tembok
penahan

Structure of retaining wall

Struktur tembok penahan

Permukaan
tembok
penahan
=--==---_-_-_==
----' Sea

Bay
W

Height of
retaining
wall
Ketinggian
tembok
penahan

Uneven

surface

-.7-=::'

..7-1 Laut=--__
= - = _- = ---- 4.7 z z. I

Teluk

Surface of
retaining
wall

Permukaan
yang tidak
rata

High

Tinggi

Sloping retaining wall

Tembok penahan bercerun

---z---=-------=--plimmaimmummir

--- Sea

Cape
X

Tanjung

::"
:::-1-=Laut =-=-....
_,
.= -z
-_ ,...
--.: --=_-:

-__, =

Smooth
surface

Permukaan
yang rata

High

Tinggi
I

I
Vertical retaining wall

Bay

Teluk

Tembok penahan yang tegak ,

.--.4.:-..--m-- --sc.
==_:...
7= . ,;,4,
.:.-.7.
=23Laut
Lza -=
1
I
.7-7-2- _ - -,..=
Vertical retaining wall

Smooth
surface

Permukaan
yang rata

Tembok penahan yang tegak

I
Uneven
surface

7Qz-z-:.7,-----

Cape

Tanjung

--.=77=
=

A m--.--5,--

Sea

Laut

77
2-.:=1.=_-_-==

Permukaan
yang tidak
rata

1--=

- -af-Se

Sloping retaining wall

Low

Rendah

Low

Rendah

Tembok penahan bercerun

Table 12

Explain the best location and the suitability of each characteristics in Table12. Determine the most
suitable retaining wall to be used. Give the reason for your choice.

Asw50670

Asw50670
Answer

Characteristic

Explaination / reason

8 marks

The most suitable

is

because

2 marks

Asw50670

Heat

2.

Diagram 11.1 shows a heating element in an electric kettle. Table 11 shows the
characteristics of some materials that can be used for making a heating element.
,\

Materials Melting point/ C

P

Q
R

S
T

500
500
50
350
200

Resistance
5.0
20.0
10.0
15.0
5.0

Ability to break at
high temperature
Low
High
Low
High
Low

Oxidation level
Low
Low
High
Low
Low

You are assigned to investigate the characteristics of the materials in Table 11 for use in
the making of a heating element as shown in Diagram 11.1.
Explain the suitability of each characteristic in Table 11 and then determine the most
suitable material for making into a heating element. State the reasons for your choice.
[10 marks]
Characteristic

Reason

3.

Heat

Diagram 11.2 shows an ice cream container used by an ice cream seller using his
motorcycle.

Outer box

Diagram 11.2
Table 11.3 shows the specification of four types of ice cream containers P, Q, R
and S, that can be used by an ice cream seller to carry ice cream..
P

High

High

Low

Low

Large

Small

Small

Large

Material of outer box

Copper

PVC plastic

PVC plastic

Aluminium

Colour of outer box

Dark

Bright

Bright

Dark

Box
Specific heat capacity of ice
cream box
Size of ice cream box

Table 11.3

You are required to determine the most suitable ice cream container to carry ice cream.
Study the specification of the four types of ice cream container based on the following
aspects:
- Specific heat capacity of ice cream box
- Size of ice cream box
- Material of outer box
- Colour of outer box
Explain the suitability of the aspects

Characteristic

[10 marks]

Reason

4.

Electricity
Table below shows the characteristics of four types of cables that have the same

length.
Cable
P
Q

R
S

Diameter/
cm
2
4
3
1

Density/ kgni3
4.50 x 103
3.00 x 103
5.45 x 103
2.50 x 103

Rate of
expansion
Medium
Low
High
Low

Melting point
High
High
Low
Medium

You are to choose one of the cables to be used in the National Grid Network. Explain the
suitability of each of the characteristics of the cables. Choose the most suitable cable and
justify your choice.
[10 marks]

Characteristic

Reason